JP5021375B2 - Slope greening and stabilization structure - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a greening and stabilizing structure of a slope and a pressure receiving plate for slope stabilization.

As a method for preventing the slope from collapsing, a method frame constructed by spraying mortar or concrete in a grid pattern on the slope is widely adopted.
Furthermore, as shown in Patent Document 1, a method of curving a sheet net made of a metal net, continuing in the length direction, crossing in a cross shape at a required position, and spraying mortar or concrete on it is also known. It has been.
In these methods, not only the frame is established, but in the next step, the exposed area of the ground surrounded by the frame is vegetated and considered in the landscape.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 8-151637.

In stabilization of the slope by the conventional method frame construction currently disclosed by the said patent document 1 etc., there exist the following problems.
<1> Since vegetation is applied to a range surrounded by a cross-shaped legal frame, plants can grow green in that range.
However, because the frame itself is made of concrete and mortar, there is no plant growing there, and when viewed from a distance, it appears as a whitish frame that rises on the slope and damages the precious landscape.
<2> In order to improve the landscape, it is conceivable to lay a net-like member on the slope, stuff it with sand, plant it on this sand, etc. without using concrete, etc., and green the entire slope.
However, a method frame composed of a net-like member alone does not provide sufficient slope stability, and there are unsatisfactory slope stabilization methods.

In order to solve the above problems, the greening and stabilization structure of the slope according to the present invention is:
A bendable porous strip having a large number of through-holes is deformed so that the cylindrical side or the slope side is a concave side to form a frame of a frame.
Arranging a plurality of the framework frames on the slope,
Supply the sand base to the inside of the framework or the slope side,
Between the plurality of legal frameworks and the legal frameworks,
A pressure receiving plate having a vegetation hole is installed and fixed by an anchor.
In addition, in the greening and stabilization structure of other slopes according to the present invention,
The porous band-like body maintains its shape by spanning a spacing member on the inside of the cylinder or the concave side of the inclined surface.
Furthermore, in the greening and stabilization structure of other slopes according to the present invention,
As the spacing member, a plate-like and connected porous body having a large number of through holes penetrating from the front surface to the back surface is used.
Furthermore, in the greening and stabilization structure of other slopes according to the present invention,
The spacing member is linear and maintains the shape of the porous band by hooking both ends of the gap to the porous band.
Furthermore, in the greening and stabilization structure of other slopes according to the present invention,
The porous band-shaped body is a band-shaped body formed of a resin or a composite material containing a resin, a rust-proof wire mesh or an expanded metal.
Furthermore, in the greening and stabilization structure of other slopes according to the present invention,
By arranging the legal framework in a grid, a vertical frame and a horizontal frame are formed,
A pressure receiving plate is installed in the grid formed by the lattice-like vertical and horizontal frames.
Furthermore, in the greening and stabilization structure of other slopes according to the present invention,
In the slope, the vertical frame and the horizontal frame are formed by arranging the frame frames in a cross shape.
A pressure receiving plate is installed between the crossed frame frames.
Furthermore, in the greening and stabilization structure of other slopes according to the present invention,
Before installing the legal framework,
A porous material having a large number of through holes penetrating from the front surface to the back surface is laid on the slope.
Furthermore, in the greening and stabilization structure of other slopes according to the present invention,
As the porous material, a net-like material formed of a resin or a composite material containing a resin, or a rust-proof metal net or expanded metal is used.

Moreover, the pressure receiving plate for slope stabilization according to the present invention is:
It has an anchor hole for passing the anchor in the center,
A plurality of ribs radially from the center,
A vegetation hole is formed between the rib and the outer frame portion by the outer frame portion connecting the tips of the plurality of ribs,
A part of the outer frame part is notched and has a vegetation part whose height is lowered.
In addition, the other pressure receiving plate for stabilizing the slope according to the present invention is:
One of the outer frame part and the rib, or both the outer frame part and the rib is provided with a water passage hole penetrating from one side surface to the other side surface.
Furthermore, another pressure receiving plate for stabilizing a slope according to the present invention is:
It is made of cast iron, steel, plastic, fiber reinforced plastic, recycled plastic, etc.

The slope greening and stabilization method and the slope stabilization pressure receiving plate according to the present invention are as described above, so that the following effects can be obtained.
<a> Since a porous belt-like body is used and a sand base material that can be vegetated is packed therein or on the slope side thereof, vegetation is possible on the frame.
In addition, because the pressure plate also has vegetation holes, if the plant grows, not only the legal frame but also the plant covers the pressure plate, and the entire slope can be greened, and the landscape of the slope is extremely good. Become.
<B> Because the pressure plate is installed between anchors and fixed with anchors, the stability of the slope, which was not enough with the frame alone, is compensated by the pressure plate, so it was excellent in terms of slope stabilization as well as greening. It becomes a construction method.
<C> Since the frame of the frame is continuously arranged on the slope, even if the natural ground moves and the pushing force is generated, the frame is integrally resisted.
<D> Since the porous strip is made of resin, a composite material containing resin, or a rust-proof wire mesh, it is possible to prevent corrosion that occurs when a metal is used as a material. Can be maintained. In addition, since the porous strip can be stored in a roll shape, it can be easily carried when constructing the frame.
<E> If the deformation of the porous strip is maintained by the spacing member that maintains the curved state or the bent state, the deformation of the porous strip can be more reliably maintained without disturbing the vegetation on the frame.
<F> Since the outer frame portion of the pressure receiving plate including the rib and the outer frame portion has a vegetation portion that is partially cut away and lowered in height, the roots of the vegetated tree overcome the vegetation portion and Grows across the outer frame.
This further promotes slope stabilization by trees.
<G> By passing a water passage hole in either or both of the rib and the outer frame part, the fertilizer flowing from above passes with water and reaches inside and outside the vegetation hole of the pressure plate. become.

  Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

<1> Porous band-like body The framework of the method frame A is constituted by the porous band-like body 1.
The porous strip 1 is a material in which a material obtained by penetrating a large number of through holes from the front surface to the back surface is formed in a strip shape.
As a material that penetrates a large number of through holes from the front surface to the back surface, for example, a material in which synthetic resin, synthetic fiber, glass fiber, aramid fiber, or carbon fiber is impregnated with resin and integrally formed into a grid shape and joined in a grid shape Is used.
Since the porous strip 1 shown in the embodiment of FIG. 6 is a material in which wires are joined in a lattice pattern with some spacing, many holes are opened between the wires.
It is possible to allow the later-described sand base to be sprayed through the holes and to invade the plant roots.

<2> Other materials of the porous strip.
The porous strip 1 may be a material having a large number of through holes, and a wire mesh or an expanded metal can be used as the material of the mesh as the through holes. In the case of these metal materials, it is preferable to carry out a rust prevention treatment by zinc plating, more specifically, zinc aluminum alloy plating.
In the present invention, the “porous strip 1” deformed or bent may be used as the “framework framework 3” as it is, but the “porous strip 1” is deformed or bent to connect the porous connecting material 2 In some cases, it is constrained by a “spacing holding material” such as a spacer member to form a “framework framework 3”.

<3> Deformation of the porous strip.
This porous strip 1 is curved and deformed in an arch shape to form a frame 3 having a semicircular cross section as shown in FIGS.
The porous strip 1 may be bent and deformed to have a U-shaped cross section or a B-shaped cross section to form the normal frame 3 and the cross section may be rectangular.

<4> Other Modifications of Porous Band Body The porous band body 1 may be bent and deformed into a cylindrical shape to form a frame frame 3. The cylindrical shape may be a cylindrical shape, or may be a rectangular cylindrical shape that forms another polygon such as a triangle or a quadrangle.
Alternatively, the middle portion of the porous band 1 may be bent into a corrugated shape so that a space is formed on the slope side.
When bent into a corrugated shape in this way, the corrugated portion functions like a rib, and the strength of the normal frame 3 itself increases.
In any case, the shape of the frame 3 can be filled with a space formed between the frame 3 and the slope 5 or the inside of the frame 3 such as a cylinder can be filled with a sand base 4 described later. Any shape can be used widely, and various variations are conceivable.

<5> Maintaining Deformation When the restraint is released even if the plate is bent and deformed, the porous band-like body 1 whose original shape is a single flat plate may return to the original flat plate.
Therefore, a porous connecting material 2 as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 is attached as an interval maintaining material at an intermediate position of the arch-shaped curved porous body 1 to maintain the deformed state.
The porous connecting material 2 is also a construction material such as a synthetic resin or a rust-proof wire mesh, and is a plate-like body having a large number of through holes penetrating from the front surface to the back surface.
In order to connect the end portion of the porous connecting material 2 and the porous strip 1, for example, a part of the porous connecting member 2 is cut to form an L-shaped branch, and this branch is formed into the porous strip 1. It is possible to employ a method of engaging with the wire.
Alternatively, a method of forming a ring with a steel wire and engaging the ring with the opening of the porous band 1 and the opening of the porous connecting member 2 can be adopted.
In order to maintain the deformation, a linear spacer member such as a wire in which hooks are formed at both ends of a simple rod-like body can be used as a spacing member and restrained.
In particular, it is preferable that the porous band-like body 1 bent into a cylindrical shape is provided with a gap retaining material spanned in the cylinder so that the cylindrical shape is not deformed.

<6> Laying of Porous Material Before the method frame 3 is placed on the slope 5, the porous material 7 may be laid on the slope 5 in advance.
As the porous material, it is possible to use a material in which a large number of through-holes are formed as in the case of the porous band material 1. The resin is impregnated with aramid fibers and carbon fibers, and a wire material integrally formed in a grid is latticed. Materials combined in a shape can be used.
Alternatively, a material in which the surface of a metal mesh or expanded metal is rust-prevented by galvanization, more specifically, zinc aluminum alloy plating, can also be used.
By laying such a porous material 7 on the slope 5, the soil on the slope is prevented from flowing out and vegetation from the through hole is not inhibited.
The above-described method frame 3 is placed on the porous material 7.

<7> Laying of the framework frame Place it on the slope.
The deformed frame frame 3 is laid on the slope in succession on the extension of the planned line for building the frame A with a space between the adjacent frame frames 3.
In that case, if the porous strip 1 is laid across the slope in the vertical direction (vertical direction) and the transverse direction (horizontal direction), a grid-like frame A is formed on the surface of the slope 5. can do.
However, it is of course possible to lay the rhombus shape or either the vertical or horizontal direction in one direction instead of the grid pattern or grid shape.
After laying, the anchor 6 is driven into the main part to prevent the movement of the normal frame 3 on the slope.
In the embodiment, the case where the frame frame 3 is directly laid on the slope 5 will be described. However, as described above, the porous material is laid on the slope, and the frame frame 3 is laid on the wire mesh. It is also possible.

<8> Configuration of Intersecting Portions The crossing portion between the normal frame framework 3 of the vertical frame A1 and the normal frame framework 3 of the horizontal frame A2 is configured to be integrated without being divided.
For this purpose, as shown in FIG. 7, one of the normal frame frames 3 of the vertical frame A1 or the horizontal frame A2 is deformed so as to be crushed and placed under the other normal frame frame 3.
For example, when one of the framework frames 3 is configured in an arch shape, the radius of this arch is gradually increased to form a loose arch, and under the other framework frames 3 the radius is expanded until it is almost flat. Let
In this way, the substantially planar frame 3 is laid under the other frame 3, and the anchor 6 is driven from above through the frame 3 that overlaps vertically at the intersection. Sew on the surface.
The length of the anchor 6 is usually about 50 to 150 cm, and the thickness is about 10 to 20 mm, but is selected according to the height of the frame A, and the length of the anchor 6 is that of the frame A. About 2 to 5 times the height is preferable.

<9> Other configurations of the intersection.
The above is a case where the vertical frame frame 3 of the vertical frame A1 and the horizontal frame frame A2 of the horizontal frame frame 3 are crossed so that the other frame of normal frame 3 is laid under one frame of legal frame 3. Although there are a plurality of the normal frame frames 3 arranged in parallel, the normal frame frames 3 in the direction intersecting each other are arranged at an appropriate interval, and both ends thereof are donated to the side of the normal frame frame 3 previously arranged. Thus, it is also possible to assemble in a lattice shape.
In this case, the anchor 6 is not limited to the vertical and horizontal intersecting portions, and is selected by selecting a position where each frame frame 3 can be fixed.
Alternatively, it is also possible to assemble both the vertical frame A1 and the horizontal frame A2 in a lattice shape so as to be donated at the intersection.

<10> Cross-shaped legal frame Unlike the frame formed in a lattice shape, the vertical frame A1 and the horizontal frame A2 are sometimes combined in a cross-shaped shape.
The vertical frame A1 and the horizontal frame A2 use a frame 3 having a continuous length to some extent, and are crossed to form a cross shape. Fixing to the slope with the anchor 6 at the intersection is the same. (Fig. 7)
A large number of such cross-shaped frame frames 3 are installed on the slope 5 at appropriate intervals.
The positions of the installation may not necessarily be such that the adjacent vertical frame A1 and vertical frame A1, or horizontal frame A2 and horizontal frame A2 are aligned on the extension line. For example, a cross-shaped frame A may be installed on the slope 5 in a staggered manner.

<11> Spraying sand base material After the porous strip 1 is laid on the slope 5, the sand base 4 is sprayed from above the porous strip 1.
The sand base 4 is made of a known material such as a mixture of sand, fiber, cement, and water. A cement material is used as a material for bonding sand and fibers, and for example, a polymer resin (such as an adhesive) can also be used as a bonding material.
The fibers to be mixed may be short fibers or long fibers. Alternatively, two or more short fibers may be mixed.
As the types of fibers, various fibers such as glass fibers and steel fibers can be employed in addition to synthetic resin fibers.
The sand base material 4 is stirred from above the porous base material 1 so that the sand base material 4 is agitated and compressed by a compressor from the top of the porous belt body 1 laid on the slope 5 through the holes. Spray.
Furthermore, the sand base material 4 is sprayed around the porous band 1 so as to enclose the porous band 1.
When the sand base material 4 is sprayed, the top surface of the porous band 1 is sprayed on the object while leaving the exposed slope 5. Scattering on the slope 5 is inevitable.
However, since the sand base material 4 does not inhibit the growth of the plant and is a material that can be vegetated, there is no problem even if it remains scattered on the exposed slope 5.
Therefore, unlike the prior art, an in-frame processing operation such as laying a blue sheet inside the legal frame A to prevent the spraying material from scattering is unnecessary.
As a result of the above enforcement, the fibers of the sand base material 4 are entangled with the porous band-like body 1, and a large reinforcing function is obtained.
Moreover, since the sand base material 4 sprayed on the porous band 1 passes through the holes 12 of the porous band 1 and is forcibly filled, even if the porous band 1 is separated from the inclined surface 5 due to the unevenness of the inclined surface 5. A frame A that is in close contact with the slope 5 is formed.
Since the porous connecting material 2 that connects between the porous strips 1 after being deformed into an arch shape or the like also has a large number of holes, the sand base material 4 is completely disposed at a position below the porous connecting material 2. Can be filled.

<12> Spraying sand base material onto cylindrical frame frame The frame frame frame 3 in which the porous band material 1 is formed into a cylindrical shape or a polygonal cylinder shape is passed through the through hole of the porous band material 1 and into the inside of the cylinder. The sand base material 4 is filled.
In the case of the cylindrical frame 3, the sand base material 4 is also sprayed between the bottom of the frame 3 on both sides in the width direction of the frame 3 and the inclined surface 5 to stabilize the installation.

<13> Pressure plate A pressure plate B is installed and fixed between the frame frames 3.
The pressure receiving plate B shown in FIGS. 2 to 5 has an anchor hole 8 through which the anchor 11 is passed at the center, a plurality of ribs 9 extending radially from the center, and an outer frame 10 connecting the tips of the ribs 9. It is made up.
A space surrounded by the adjacent ribs 9 and 9 and the outer frame portion 10 is a vegetation hole 12 that can be vegetated.
A part of the outer frame portion 10 is formed with a vegetation portion 13 that is notched so as to have a low height.
The height of the vegetation part 13 is about 2/3 of the thickness of the outer frame part 10.
The vegetation part 13 is provided about half the length of one side of the outer frame part 10.
Further, a water passage hole 14 penetrating between the left and right side surfaces of the outer frame portion 10 is opened.
The water passage hole 14 can be provided not only in the outer frame portion 10 but also in the rib 9.
In the embodiment shown in the figure, the pressure receiving plate B has a quadrangular shape in which the ribs 9 extend from the center toward the rectangular outer frame portion 10, but the outer frame portion 10 has a circular shape or other polygonal shape. The rib 9 can be used to connect the center portion and the outer frame portion 10, and a curved shape or a large number of ribs 9 and the outer frame portion 10 can be connected. It is also possible to use a plate having a vegetation hole 12 in the form of a plate.
In short, the pressure receiving plate B itself has only to have the vegetation hole 12 so as not to hinder vegetation, so it does not stick to its shape.

<14> Installation of pressure receiving plate The pressure receiving plate B as described above is installed in a well girder of the frame A which is assembled in a lattice shape.
An anchor 11 is placed in advance on the inclined surface 5, and the anchor 11 is passed through the anchor hole 8 of the pressure receiving plate B to install the pressure receiving plate B on the inclined surface 5.
A nut 18 is screwed into a portion protruding from the pressure receiving plate B of the anchor 11 to fix the pressure receiving plate B and cover the cap 19.
In the embodiment, a rock bolt is used as the anchor 11. However, a ground anchor or the like in which the upper portion of the anchor tension member is passed through the sheath and the exposed portion of the lower portion is fixed with a grout material in the drilling hole. It can be used.

<15> Spraying vegetation base material.
The vegetation base material 15 is sprayed on the vertical and horizontal frames A1 and A2, on the exposed portions of the slope surrounded by the legal frames A1 and A2, and on and around the pressure plate B.
As the vegetation base material 15, a known material in which a vegetation base material, seeds, fertilizer, bonding material and the like are mixed can be used.
This vegetation base material 15 is agitated and sprayed onto the exposed slope 5 where the sand base material 4 is not sprayed with air compressed by a compressor, thereby completing the frame A.

<16> Features of the frame.
As described above, the sand base material 4 is mixed with cement.
However, generally, in the sand base material 4, the cement amount is set to be extremely small.
Therefore, the portion of the method frame A onto which the sand base material 4 is sprayed is not hardened like a concrete block, and a sufficient distance is maintained between the sand particles.
As a result, each method frame A can maintain a large water holding capacity, and plant seeds flying from the surroundings can be fixed on the sand base 4.
Moreover, since the slope 5 is exposed in the part where the frame 3 is not laid, it is possible that the seeds of the plants flying from the surroundings are fixed and grown on the exposed surface.
Moreover, since the vegetation base material 15 is widely sprayed on the frame A, between the frame A, and on and around the pressure plate B, the entire slope 5 can be planted.
If the plant grows with the passage of time, it can be expected that the binding power of the rhizomes will increase, so that the stability of the inclined surface is further improved in the legal frame A after the lapse of time.

<17> Tree Growth FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the vegetation of the tree 16. On the pressure plate B, the earth and sand that has flowed along with rainwater accumulate together with fertilizer and the like.
The tree 16 vegetated in this portion extends its root 17, climbs over the vegetation portion 13 of the outer frame portion 10 of the pressure receiving plate B which has been lowered, enters the vegetation hole 12, and enters the root 17 into the soil below it. Hang.
In this way, even if the pressure plate B is installed on the tree 16, the root can be sufficiently extended in all directions, so that the slope 5 can be made more stable by growing the plant.
Moreover, since the water flow hole 14 is provided in the outer frame part 10 of the pressure receiving plate B, water and fertilizer etc. pass along with the water through the outer frame part 10 of the pressure receiving plate B, and a more favorable vegetation can be aimed at. .

<18> Other usage modes of the pressure receiving plate FIG. 8 shows another usage mode of the pressure receiving plate B. The two pressure receiving plates B already described are aligned with each other on the surface on which the vegetation part 13 is formed. This is an example of installing this on the slope 5.
By using two sheets in this way, it is possible to increase the load required to hold down the slope 5 and to pack the sand base material 4 or the greening material necessary for vegetation thicker.
Even when used repeatedly, the vegetation part 13 communicates with the vegetation hole 12, so that the root of the plant can enter the vegetation hole 12 through the vegetation part 13.
By facing the vegetation parts 13 and 13, the vegetation parts 13 and 13 can be combined to increase the opening, but it is also possible to overlap the two pressure receiving plates B so that the vegetation parts 13 are on the upper surface side, respectively. .

It is the perspective view which implemented greening and the stabilization construction method of the slope of this invention. It is a top view of one Example of a pressure receiving plate. FIG. 2 is a side view of the pressure receiving plate. It is explanatory drawing of the state which installs a pressure receiving plate in a slope. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 4. It is explanatory drawing of a legal frame. It is sectional drawing of the cross | intersection part of a legal frame. It is a perspective view which shows the other usage condition of a pressure receiving plate.

Explanation of symbols

A: Legal frame A1: Vertical frame A2: Horizontal frame B: Pressure receiving plate 1: Porous strip 2: Porous connecting material 3: Legal frame framework 4: Sand substrate 5: Slope 8: Anchor hole 9: Rib 10: Outer frame Part 11: Anchor 12: Vegetation hole 13: Vegetation part 14: Water passage 15: Vegetation base material 16: Tree

Claims (9)

A bendable porous strip having a large number of through-holes is deformed so that the cylindrical side or the slope side is a concave side to form a frame of a frame.
Arranging a plurality of the framework frames on the slope,
A sand frame is supplied to the inside of the frame or the slope side to form a frame.
A pressure plate having a vegetation hole is installed and fixed by an anchor between the plurality of law frames and the law frame,
Spraying the vegetation base material on the plurality of law frames, on the natural ground between the plurality of law frames and the law frame and on the pressure plate,
Slope greening and stabilization structure for greening the entire slope. 2. The slope greening and stabilization structure according to claim 1, wherein the porous band-like body maintains the shape by spanning a gap retaining material in the cylinder or on the concave side of the slope side. The slope greening and stabilization structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a connecting porous body having a plate-like shape and a large number of through holes penetrating from the front surface to the back surface is used as the spacing member. 3. The slope greening and stabilization structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the spacing member is linear and maintains the shape of the porous strip by hooking both ends thereof to the porous strip. As the porous strip, a resin, or a composite material comprising a resin, or a greening slope of claims 1, 2, 3 or 4, wherein the use of band-like body formed by rustproofing the wire mesh or expanded metal And stabilizing structure. By arranging the legal framework in a grid, a vertical frame and a horizontal frame are formed,
The slope greening and stabilizing structure according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5, wherein a pressure receiving plate is installed in a grid formed by a grid-like vertical frame and a horizontal frame. In the slope, the vertical frame and the horizontal frame are formed by arranging the frame frames in a cross shape.
The slope greening and stabilization structure according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5, wherein a pressure receiving plate is installed between the cross-shaped frame frames. Before installing the legal framework,
The greening and stabilization of the slope according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7, wherein a porous material having a large number of through holes penetrating from the front surface to the back surface is laid on the slope. Construction. The greening and stabilizing structure of a slope according to claim 8, wherein the porous material is a mesh material formed of a resin or a composite material containing a resin, or a rust-proof metal mesh or expanded metal.

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