JP5015905B2 - Multi-parallel power supply - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a multi-parallel power supply device, and more particularly to a multi-parallel power supply device that connects a plurality of power supply blocks in parallel to increase output.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a parallel switching regulator device is known in which a plurality of power supply blocks are connected in parallel and share the same load. The parallel switching regulator device includes one main (master) power supply block and n slave (slave) power supply blocks. The master power supply block compares the output voltage with a reference voltage and outputs a control signal (error). This error signal is sent to all the slave power supply blocks. The basic current mode control circuit provided in each power supply block controls the output current of each power supply block to 1 / n of the load current, thereby maintaining current balance between the power supply blocks (for example, , See Patent Document 1).

JP-A-1-129718 ("Summary of Invention" column, FIG. 1)

  In the power supply device disclosed in Patent Document 1, an error signal is sent from the master power supply block to all the slave power supply blocks as described above. When a large number of power supply blocks are connected in parallel, the error signal line However, there is a problem that the operation becomes unstable because noise is added to the error signal.

  If the error signal is transmitted by a digital signal, it is considered that the possibility of malfunction due to noise is reduced, but communication between digital signals between devices is generally slower than an analog signal, resulting in a slower control response, for example, When the load current fluctuates suddenly, the output voltage fluctuates greatly.

  The present invention has been made to solve such a problem. Even when a large number of power supply blocks are connected in parallel, the multi-parallel power supply device has high noise resistance, stable operation, and quick control response. The purpose is to obtain.

  In order to solve the above-described problem, a multi-parallel power supply device according to the present invention is a multi-parallel power supply device including a plurality of power supply blocks that are connected in parallel and that perform feedback control based on a feedback signal. An electric quantity detection means for detecting an electric quantity output from the power supply device; a local feedback path provided in each of the plurality of power supply blocks; a global feedback path provided in common to the plurality of power supply blocks; The electrical signal based on the electrical quantity is branched and transmitted to the local feedback path and the global feedback path to become the feedback signal, and the center frequency of the frequency distribution of the electrical signal transmitted through the global feedback path is The local feedback path is transmitted It is characterized in less than the center frequency of the frequency distribution of the electrical signals that.

  According to the multi-parallel power supply device according to the present invention, even when a large number of power supply blocks are connected in parallel, the noise resistance is high, while responding to a rapid load fluctuation at high speed, Current balance can be ensured.

  Preferred embodiments of a multi-parallel power supply device according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Note that the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

Embodiment 1 FIG.
1 is a diagram showing a circuit configuration of a multi-parallel power supply apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the multi-parallel power supply device according to the first embodiment includes n (n is a natural number of 2 or more) power supply blocks 1 a, 1 b,. Host control means, that is, a host control circuit 2. Here, the power supply blocks 1a, 1b,..., 1n are circuit units including a power circuit 3, a control circuit 4, and a diode 7 which will be described later. A plurality of power supply devices 1a, 1b,... 1n arranged in parallel and connected in parallel, or a plurality of power supply blocks 1a, 1b,. Various mounting forms are possible, such as those housed in a common housing, or those in which a plurality of power circuit blocks 1a, 1b,... 1n are mounted on a single board and connected in parallel within the board. It is done. Note that the power supply blocks 1a, 1b,... 1n are subjected to feedback control based on the feedback signal.

  Each of the power supply blocks 1a, 1b,... 1n is configured by the power circuit 3, which is a circuit block for converting power, the control circuit 4, and the diode 7, as described above. A step-down chopper type switching power supply circuit including the switch element 5 is used. Since the step-down chopper type switching power supply circuit is generally known, the description thereof is omitted here. As will be described later, the power circuit 3 may be a power supply circuit other than the step-down chopper type switching power supply circuit.

  The input terminals 6 of the power supply blocks 1a, 1b,... 1n are connected to a DC power supply, and the voltage is applied in parallel to the respective power supply blocks 1a, 1b,. Outputs of the respective power circuits 3 are output from the power supply blocks 1a, 1b,... 1n via the respective diodes 7, and are connected to outputs of other power supply blocks at the output terminal 8. The respective power supply blocks 1a, 1b,... 1n are connected in parallel. The diodes 7 provided on the output sides of the respective power circuits 3 are for preventing current from flowing backward from other power supply blocks.

  The control circuit 4 detects the output voltage of the power circuit 3 by voltage detection means for detecting the output voltage of the multi-parallel power supply device, that is, the voltage detector 20, and detects the output current of the power circuit 3 as current detection means, That is, it has a function of maintaining the output current and voltage at a predetermined value by performing feedback control that is detected by the current detector 10 and controls on / off of the switch element 5 used in the power circuit 3. Yes. The voltage detector 20 functions as an electric quantity detector that detects an output voltage output from the multi-parallel power supply device as an electric quantity. Note that a current detector may be arranged instead of the voltage detector 20 to detect the output current as an electric quantity.

  Further, the control circuit 4 calculates the difference between the voltage detected by the voltage detector 20 and the current detected by the current detector 10 from each command value and generates an error signal. A first subtractor 11 which is a second subtractor 12 which is a second subtracting means, and a proportional adjustment means or a proportional / differential which gives the error signal of the first subtractor 11 a predetermined frequency-gain characteristic. An adjustment means 13 comprising an adjustment means, a PWM signal generator 14 which is a PWM signal generation means for generating a PWM signal for controlling on / off of the switch element 5 provided in the power circuit 3, and an addition means which will be described later. An adder 15 and digital / analog conversion means (hereinafter referred to as a D / A converter) 16 are provided. Since PWM control of a power supply using a feedback loop is also a known technique, the operation will be described in detail below with a focus on differences between a general power supply control method and the first embodiment.

  By the way, when a large number of power supply blocks with constant voltage output are connected in parallel, the variation in output current between power supply blocks increases due to slight differences in output characteristics of each power supply block, and an overload is applied to a specific power supply block. Often occurs. Therefore, in the first embodiment, a method is used in which the power supply blocks 1a, 1b,. That is, in each power supply block 1a, 1b,... 1n, the output current is detected by the current detector 10, and this is transmitted through the current feedback path 17 and compared with the current command value in the second subtractor 12. PWM control is performed so that the output current becomes a predetermined value. Here, in order to improve the responsiveness and stability of the current feedback, the second subtractor 12 and the PWM signal generator 14 include a proportional adjustment means, a proportional integration adjustment means, or a proportional differential integration adjustment means. The adjusting means (not shown) may be inserted. Further, the output voltage is detected by the voltage detector 20, transmitted through the local feedback path 18, compared with the voltage command value in the first subtractor 11, and fed back to the above-described current command value. As a result, the output voltage can be kept constant.

  Here, the voltage feedback loop is only one system common to all the power supply blocks 1a, 1b,... 1n, and the current command values in all the power supply blocks 1a, 1b,. Then, it is expected that the output currents of all the power supply blocks 1a, 1b,. However, as described above, when the voltage feedback path is constituted by analog signal lines, there is a problem that the operation becomes unstable due to noise. In addition, when the voltage feedback path is constituted by a digital signal line, communication by a digital signal between devices is generally slow, so that there is a problem that the voltage control response of the power supply becomes slow.

  Therefore, in the first embodiment, the voltage feedback path is common to the local feedback path 18 closed in each of the power supply blocks 1a, 1b,... 1n and all the power supply blocks 1a, 1b,. The system is divided into two systems with a global feedback path 19 provided. The output voltage detected by the voltage detector 20 is branched and transmitted to the local feedback path 18 and the global feedback path 19 as an electrical signal (feedback signal). In the local feedback path 18, the frequency component having a relatively high center frequency of the frequency distribution of the electric signal transmitted through the local feedback path 18 is used. In the global feedback path 19, the electric signal transmitted through the global feedback path 19 is used. The frequency component having a relatively low center frequency is transmitted. The boundary between the relatively high frequency and the relatively low frequency is a design matter that differs depending on the power supply and is not uniquely determined. However, as an example, the boundary between the relatively high frequency and the relatively high frequency is several hundred to several kHz. It is thought that it is divided into low frequencies.

  With this configuration, an average current balance between the power supply blocks 1a, 1b,..., 1n is secured by the global feedback path 19 while responding rapidly to a sudden load change by the local feedback path 18. It is possible to prevent overloading of some power supply blocks.

  Specifically, in the global feedback path 19, the output voltage detected by the voltage detector 20 at the output terminal 8 of the parallel power supply device is converted into the voltage command value in the third subtractor 21 as the third subtracting means. The difference signal is generated as a global feedback signal through an integration adjusting means 22 provided in the middle of the global feedback path 19 and an analog / digital conversion means (hereinafter referred to as A / D converter) 23, and all the power supplies Distribute to blocks 1a, 1b,. The third subtracter 21, the integral adjustment means 22, and the A / D converter 23 constitute the host control circuit 2. In the present embodiment, the voltage command value input to the subtractor 11 and the voltage command value input to the subtractor 21 are the same value.

  In the local feedback path 18, the output voltage of each power circuit 3 is detected, the first subtracter 11 in the control circuit 4 calculates the difference from the voltage command value, and then in the middle of the local feedback path 18. The adjusting means 13 comprising the provided proportional adjusting means or proportional / differential adjusting means is passed. Then, the adder 15 restores the original voltage feedback signal by converting the signal of the local feedback path 18 and the signal of the global feedback path 19 into an analog signal by the D / A converter 16 and adding them. Used as a current command value. This is shown in FIG.

  That is, FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the frequency characteristics of the control signal in the global feedback path 19 and the control signal in the local feedback path 18. As shown in FIG. 2, the global feedback signal that has passed through the integral adjusting means 22 contains many low-frequency components of the signal, and the local feedback signal that has passed through the adjusting means 13 consisting of proportional adjusting means or proportional / differential adjusting means is The signal contains more high frequency components. The point that the stability of the feedback loop can be secured by appropriately setting the gain of the adjusting means 13 consisting of the integral adjusting means 22, proportional adjusting means or proportional / derivative adjusting means is that proportional / integral / derivative adjusting means is used. This is the same as feedback control of a general power supply device.

  Further, by using an analog circuit or a high-speed digital circuit as hardware constituting the local feedback path 18, high-speed processing can be performed. A high-speed digital circuit is a logic digital circuit using an ASIC, FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array), CPLD (Complex Program Logic Device), or a sequential processing digital circuit such as a microcomputer or DSP (Digital Signal Processor). This can be realized by cooperating a single element or a plurality of elements mounted on the same substrate.

  On the other hand, in the global feedback path 19, the global feedback signal is converted into a digital signal by the A / D converter 23 and distributed to the respective power supply blocks 1a, 1b,. This can be realized by returning the analog signal again by the D / A converter 16 in each of the power supply blocks 1a, 1b,. As comparatively low-speed digital signal connection methods, serial communication methods such as RS-232C, SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface), and I2C (Inter-Integrated Circuit), and parallel communication methods such as GPIB (General Purpose Interface Bus) are used. Can be used. Noise resistance can be improved by using such relatively low-speed digital communication. In the global feedback path 19, one common circuit provided for the plurality of power supply blocks 1 a, 1 b,... 1 n is provided independently as the host control circuit 2, so that n power supply blocks 1 a, 1 b,. ... 1n specifications can be shared, and production management costs can be reduced.

  As described above, by having the global feedback path 19 and the local feedback path 18, even when a large number of power supply blocks 1 a, 1 b,. .., 1n can be secured, and a high noise immunity can be obtained.

  In the above description, a signal that has passed through the integral adjusting means 22 is sent to the global feedback path 19, and a signal that has passed through the adjusting means 13, which is a proportional adjusting means or a proportional / differential adjusting means, to the local feedback path 18. However, the same effect can be obtained by using a signal that has passed the proportional / integral adjustment means in the global feedback path 19 and a signal that has passed the differential adjustment means in the local feedback path 18. be able to.

  In the above description, the case where the output voltage of the power circuit 3 is detected by the voltage detector 20 that detects the output voltage of the multi-parallel power supply device has been described. However, as shown in FIG. The voltage detector 9 is provided in each power supply block 1a, 1b,... 1n to detect the output voltage of the power circuit 3 of each power supply block 1a, 1b,. The same effect can be obtained by calculating the difference from the voltage command value by the first subtractor 11 in 4 and passing the adjustment means 13.

Embodiment 2. FIG.
Next, the multi-parallel power supply device according to the second embodiment will be described. FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a circuit configuration of the multi-parallel power supply device according to the second embodiment.
In the first embodiment, a multi-parallel power supply device using n equivalent power supply blocks 1a, 1b,..., 1n and the host control circuit 2 has been described, but one power supply block 1a and the host control circuit 2 are used. 4 may be integrated into a master power supply block 30, and the other n-1 power supply blocks may be configured as slave power supply blocks 30a, ... 30n-1.

  In FIG. 4, the master power supply block 30 is provided with a function for controlling individual power supply blocks and a host control function integrated with the control circuit 31. The control circuit 31 detects the output voltage of the power circuit 3, calculates a difference from the voltage command value by the first subtractor 11 in the control circuit 31, and then passes the proportional / integral adjustment means 32. Then, the difference between the output signal of the proportional / integral adjusting means 32 and the current feedback signal of the current feedback path 17 is calculated by the second subtractor 12, and the PWM signal generator 14 of the switch element 5 is calculated based on the difference value. A PWM signal for controlling on / off is generated.

  Further, the difference value from the voltage command value calculated by the first subtracter 11 in the control circuit 31 is passed through the integral adjusting means 22 and converted into a digital signal by the A / D converter 23. Then, after being distributed to each slave power supply block 30a... 30n-1 by a relatively low-speed digital signal, the analog signal is again analogized by the D / A converter 16 in each slave power supply block 30a. Return to the signal. In addition, about another structure, it is the same as that of what was demonstrated in Embodiment 1, or is equivalent, and the description is abbreviate | omitted by attaching | subjecting the same code | symbol.

  According to the multi-parallel power supply apparatus according to the second embodiment, it is necessary to use two types of power supplies, that is, the master power supply block 30 and the slave power supply blocks 30a,. It is not necessary to separately provide a host control circuit required in the multi-parallel power supply apparatus described in the above, and the power supply can be configured simply.

Embodiment 3 FIG.
Next, a multi-parallel power supply device according to Embodiment 3 will be described. FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a circuit configuration of the multi-parallel power supply device according to the third embodiment.
As shown in FIG. 5, the multi-parallel power supply according to the third embodiment uses a signal obtained by extracting a low frequency component by a low-pass filter 40 provided in the middle of the global feedback path 19 as a global feedback signal, and uses the local feedback path 18. A signal obtained by extracting a high-frequency component by a high-pass filter 41 provided in the middle is used as a local feedback signal. The description is omitted by attaching.

  Also in the above configuration, the same effect as that of the multi-parallel power supply device according to the first embodiment can be obtained. In this case, after synthesizing the global feedback signal and the local feedback signal, it is necessary to adjust the frequency characteristics of the feedback gain by passing the adjustment means 42 including the proportional / integral adjusting means or the proportional / integral / derivative adjusting means again. There is.

  Although the three embodiments have been described above, other than the voltage feedback signal, a signal including a relatively low frequency component is used as a global feedback signal, and a signal including a relatively high frequency component is used as a local feedback signal. Thus, it is possible to obtain the same effects as those of the above embodiments.

  In addition, it is desirable that the control circuit is a digital control power source composed entirely of digital circuits. In the case of a digital control power source, the output of the current detector and the voltage detector is A / D converted, and the control circuit is converted into digital data. To enter. In this case, it is not necessary to perform A / D conversion and D / A conversion again on the control signals sent to the respective power supply blocks through the global feedback path. In addition, variations in the control circuit between the power supply blocks can be reduced, and output current imbalance due to variations in the control circuit can be reduced.

  Each power supply block uses a step-down chopper switching power supply, but other types of power supplies such as a boost chopper type, a forward type, a flyback type, a half bridge type, a full bridge type, and a SEPIC type. A similar control method can be applied to a switching power source such as a linear regulator.

It is a figure which shows the circuit structure of the multiple parallel power supply device which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a figure which shows the frequency characteristic of the control signal in the global feedback path | route of the multiple parallel power supply device which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention, and the control signal in a local feedback path | route. It is a figure which shows another circuit structure of the multiple parallel power supply device which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a figure which shows the circuit structure of the multiple parallel power supply device which concerns on Embodiment 2 of this invention. It is a figure which shows the circuit structure of the multiple parallel power supply device which concerns on Embodiment 3 of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

1a, 1b,... 1n Power supply block 2 Host control circuit 3 Power circuit 4, 31 Control circuit 5 Switch element 6 Input terminal 7 Diode 8 Output terminal 9 First voltage detector 10 Current detector 11 First subtractor 12 Second subtractor 13, 42 Adjusting means 14 PWM signal generator 15 Adder 16 D / A converter 17 Current feedback path 18 Local feedback path 19 Global feedback path 20 Second voltage detector 21 Third subtractor 22 Integral adjustment means 23 A / D converter 30 Master power supply block 30a,... 30n-1 Slave power supply block 32 Proportional / integral adjustment means 40 Low-pass filter 41 High-pass filter

Claims (9)

A multi-parallel power supply device including a plurality of power supply blocks connected in parallel and subjected to feedback control based on a feedback signal,
An electric quantity detection means for detecting an electric quantity output from the multi-parallel power supply device;
A local feedback path provided in each of the plurality of power supply blocks;
A global feedback path provided in common for the plurality of power supply blocks;
With
The electrical signal based on the quantity of electricity is branched and transmitted to the local feedback path and the global feedback path to become the feedback signal,
The multi-parallel power supply apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the center frequency of the frequency distribution of the electric signal transmitted through the global feedback path is lower than the center frequency of the frequency distribution of the electric signal transmitted through the local feedback path.   The multi-parallel power supply apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the electric quantity detection unit detects a voltage or a current as the electric quantity.   Provided in each of the plurality of power supply blocks, comprising current detection means for detecting the output current of each of the plurality of power supply blocks, wherein feedback control is performed based on the output current and the amount of electricity. The multi-parallel power supply device according to claim 1 or 2.   4. The multi-parallel power supply according to claim 1, wherein an electrical signal transmitted through the global feedback path is converted into a digital signal in the middle of the global feedback path. 5. apparatus. Integral adjustment means provided in the middle of the global feedback path;
Proportional adjustment means or proportional / derivative adjustment means provided in the middle of the local feedback path;
The multi-parallel power supply device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising: Proportional / integral adjustment means provided in the middle of the global feedback path,
5. The multi-parallel power supply device according to claim 1, further comprising a proportional / differential adjustment unit provided in the middle of the local feedback path. A low-pass filter provided in the middle of the global feedback path;
A high-pass filter provided in the middle of the local feedback path;
Proportional / integral adjusting means or proportional / integral / derivative adjusting means for passing a combined signal of the signal passed through the low-pass filter and the signal passed through the high-pass filter;
The multi-parallel power supply device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising:   8. The global feedback path according to claim 1, wherein the global feedback path is a path distributed to the plurality of power supply blocks via a host control block provided separately from the plurality of power supply blocks. The multi-parallel power supply device according to one item.   The plurality of power supply blocks are constituted by one master power supply block and another slave power supply block, and the global feedback path is a path distributed to the other slave power supply blocks starting from the master power supply block. The multi-parallel power supply device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the multi-parallel power supply device is provided.

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