JP5008538B2 - One-way clutch - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a one-way clutch using an elastic member.

The conventional one-way clutch includes, for example, an outer shaft, a plurality of rollers, and a plurality of elastic members. The outer shaft is disposed on the outer peripheral side of the shaft member, and has an annular main body portion and a plurality of projecting portions projecting radially inward from the main body portion. A roller and an elastic member are arranged between the rotation directions of adjacent protrusions. The elastic member presses the roller to one side in the rotational direction (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
JP 2003-214461 A

  In the conventional one-way clutch, for example, a coil spring is used as an elastic member. When using a coil spring, it is necessary to provide a cap at the tip of the coil spring, which increases the number of parts. As a result, it is difficult to reduce the manufacturing cost with the conventional one-way clutch.

  The subject of this invention is providing the one-way clutch which can aim at reduction of manufacturing cost.

A one-way clutch according to a first invention is a one-way clutch provided on a shaft member, and includes an outer shaft, a roller, a torsion coil spring, and a cover . The outer shaft is disposed on the outer peripheral side of the shaft member. The roller is disposed between the shaft member and the outer shaft in the radial direction. The torsion coil spring is rotatably supported on the outer shaft, and applies a pressing force to the roller using the torsion spring force. The cover is disposed on the axial direction side of the outer shaft. The outer shaft includes an annular main body portion and a protrusion having a support hole extending in the axial direction and extending radially inward from the main body portion. The torsion coil spring includes a support portion inserted into the support hole, a contact portion that contacts the roller, and an elastic portion that elastically connects the support portion and the contact portion to generate a pressing force. . The cover has a restricting portion that accommodates the support portion in the axial direction with respect to the outer shaft and can abut against the support portion in the axial direction.

In this one-way clutch, since a torsion coil spring is used, unlike the case where a coil spring is used, a cap and a guide are not required. This enables a simplification of the structure, Ru can reduce the manufacturing cost.

In here, as the support hole, and the through-hole and penetrating non hole.

A one-way clutch according to a second invention is the one-way clutch according to the first invention, wherein the elastic portion is arranged on the axial direction side of the outer shaft.

One-way clutch according to the third invention, in the first or one-way clutch of the second invention, the elastic portion that is disposed radially outward from the support hole.

A one-way clutch according to a fourth aspect of the present invention is the one-way clutch according to any one of the first to third aspects, wherein the contact portion is in contact with the cylindrical roller at a plurality of locations when viewed from the axial direction. ing.

A one-way clutch according to a fifth aspect of the present invention is the one-way clutch according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, wherein the contact portion has a shape along the roller when viewed from the axial direction.

  In the one-way clutch according to the present invention, the manufacturing cost can be reduced by using a torsion coil spring.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

<Overall configuration of one-way clutch>
The overall configuration of the one-way clutch 1 according to an embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view of the one-way clutch 1. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the one-way clutch 1 taken along the line II. In FIG. 1, an arrow R1 indicates the rotation direction of the shaft member 2, and an arrow R2 indicates the opposite direction. The OO line shown in FIG. 2 is the rotation axis of the shaft member 2.

  As shown in FIG. 1, a one-way clutch 1 is provided on the outer peripheral side of the shaft member 2 in order to restrict relative rotation in one specific direction between the shaft member 2 and another member (not shown). . Here, the one-way clutch 1 restricts rotation of another member (not shown) with respect to the shaft member 2 in the R1 direction, and allows rotation of the other member with respect to the shaft member 2 in the R2 direction.

  Specifically, the one-way clutch 1 includes an outer shaft 3, a plurality of rollers 6, and a plurality of torsion coil springs 7. The outer shaft 3 is disposed on the outer peripheral side of the shaft member 2. The roller 6 is disposed between the shaft member 2 and the outer shaft 3 in the radial direction. The torsion coil spring 7 applies a pressing force to the roller 6 generally in the R1 direction.

  The one-way clutch 1 further has a cover 4 and a plate 9 disposed on the side of the outer shaft 3 in the axial direction. As shown in FIG. 2, the cover 4 is disposed so as to cover the first side surface 3 a of the outer shaft 3. The plate 9 is disposed so as to cover the second side surface 3 b of the outer shaft 3.

<Outer shaft and roller>
The outer shaft 3 is disposed on the outer peripheral side of the shaft member 2, and other members (not shown) are fixed thereto. The outer shaft 3 includes a substantially annular main body 31 disposed on the outer peripheral side of the shaft member 2 and a plurality of protrusions 32 that protrude radially inward from the main body 31.

  The main body 31 has an annular protrusion 31b protruding in the axial direction. The cover 4 is fitted on the inner peripheral side of the annular protrusion 31b. The annular protrusion 31b positions the cover 4 in the radial direction.

  The protrusions 32 are arranged at substantially equal pitches in the rotation direction of the shaft member 2. The cover 4 is fixed to the protrusion 32 by a rivet 34. A gap is formed between the protruding portion 32 and the shaft member 2 in the radial direction so that the protruding portion 32 does not contact the outer peripheral surface of the shaft member 2.

  A roller 6 is disposed between the rotation directions of the adjacent protrusions 32 and between the main body 31 and the shaft member 2 in the radial direction. The roller 6 is a columnar member for restricting or allowing relative rotation between the shaft member 2 and the outer shaft 3. The roller 6 is pressed substantially in the R1 direction by a torsion coil spring 7 supported by the outer shaft 3. It can also be said that the roller 6 is disposed between the shaft member 2 and the outer shaft 3 in the radial direction. Furthermore, it can be said that the outer shaft 3 has a pocket 11 as a space in which the roller 6 is disposed. The pocket 11 is formed on the inner side in the radial direction of the main body 31 and between the rotation directions of the adjacent protrusions 32.

  Between the rotation directions of the adjacent protrusions 32, the main body 31 has an inclined portion 31a. The inclined portion 31a is substantially flat and is inclined so as to approach the shaft member 2 in the R1 direction. For this reason, the radial clearance formed between the inclined portion 31a and the shaft member 2 is gradually reduced in the R1 direction.

  For example, since the radial gap is set larger than the outer diameter of the roller 6 in the R2 side half of the pocket 11, the roller 6 can rotate between the shaft member 2 and the inclined portion 31a. On the other hand, since the radial clearance is set smaller than the outer diameter of the roller 6 in the R1 side half of the pocket 11, the roller 6 is sandwiched between the shaft member 2 and the inclined portion 31a. The relative rotation of the shaft member 2 and the outer shaft 3 is restricted. In this state, a gap is secured between the rotation direction of the roller 6 and the protruding portion 32 on the R1 side of the roller 6. Since the roller 6 is pressed in the R1 direction by the torsion coil spring 7, when the shaft member 2 rotates in the R1 direction with respect to the outer shaft 3, the roller 6 is likely to be sandwiched between the shaft member 2 and the inclined portion 31a.

<Torsion coil spring>
The structure of the torsion coil spring 7 and its periphery will be described with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4 are partial plan views of the torsion coil spring 7 and its periphery. FIG. 3 shows a state where the cover 4 is not provided. FIG. 4 shows a state where the cover 4 is present. FIG. 5 is a partial cross-sectional view of the torsion coil spring 7 and its periphery. FIG. 6 is a single view (compressed state) of the torsion coil spring 7.

  As shown in FIGS. 3 to 5, the one-way clutch 1 is provided with a plurality of torsion coil springs 7 in order to press the roller 6 in the R1 direction. As shown in FIG. 6, the torsion coil spring 7 is composed of one wire, and has a spring main body 73 (an example of an elastic portion), a support portion 71, and a contact portion 72. .

  The spring body 73 is a portion wound in a coil shape to generate a torsion spring force. As shown in FIG. 5, in the present embodiment, the spring main body 73 is disposed on the side of the outer shaft 3 in the axial direction (on the cover 4 side). The support part 71 and the contact part 72 are elastically connected by the spring body 73.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the support part 71 is a part supported by the outer shaft 3, and has a first support part 71a and a second support part 71b. The first support portion 71a is connected to the first end portion 73a of the spring body 73 (more specifically, the end portion disposed on the outer shaft 3 side), and the first support portion 71a is connected to the first end portion 73a of the outer shaft 3 from the first end portion 73a. It extends along one side surface 3a.

  As shown in FIGS. 3 to 5, the protruding portion 32 of the outer shaft 3 has a support hole 35 penetrating in the axial direction. The second support portion 71 b extends in the axial direction from the end portion of the first support portion 71 a and is inserted into the support hole 35. Since the inner diameter of the support hole 35 is larger than the outer diameter of the second support portion 71 b, the second support portion 71 b can rotate within the support hole 35. Thus, the spring body 73 is supported with respect to the outer shaft 3 by the support hole 35 and the support portion 71 of the protrusion 32.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the contact portion 72 is a portion that transmits a pressing force to the roller 6, and is in contact with the roller 6. Specifically, as illustrated in FIG. 6, the contact portion 72 includes a root portion 72 a, a first contact portion 72 b, an intermediate portion 72 c, and a second contact portion 72 d.

  The root portion 72a is a portion connected to the second end portion 73b of the spring body 73 (more specifically, the end portion disposed on the side opposite to the outer shaft 3), and extends axially from the second end portion 73b. It extends. An end portion of the root portion 72 a is disposed in the pocket 11.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the first abutting portion 72 b is a portion that extends substantially inward in the radial direction from the end portion of the root portion 72 a and abuts against the roller 6. The first abutting portion 72 b has a shape generally along the outer shape of the roller 6 so that the first abutting portion 72 b abuts the roller 6 at a plurality of locations. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 6, when viewed from the axial direction, the first contact portion 72 b is bent near the center so as to substantially follow the outer shape of the roller 6. Thereby, for example, the first contact portion 72b is in contact with the roller 6 at two points (points P1 and P2).

  As shown in FIG. 6, the intermediate part 72c extends in the axial direction from the end of the first contact part 72b, and connects the first contact part 72b and the second contact part 72d. As shown in FIG. 5, the length of the intermediate portion 72 c is slightly shorter than the axial dimension of the roller 6.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the second abutting portion 72d is a portion that extends substantially radially outward from the end of the intermediate portion 72c, and abuts against the roller 6 in the same manner as the first abutting portion 72b. The second contact portion 72d has substantially the same shape as the first contact portion 72b. Specifically, when viewed from the axial direction, the second contact portion 72d is bent in the vicinity of the center so as to substantially follow the outer shape of the roller 6. Thereby, for example, the second contact portion 72d is in contact with the roller 6 at two points (points P3 and P4).

  The state shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 is a state in which the roller 6 is sandwiched between the inclined portion 31 a of the outer shaft 3 and the shaft member 2. In this state, the torsion coil spring 7 is compressed in the rotational direction between the roller 6 and the support hole 35 of the protrusion 32, so that the roller 6 is always pressed in the R1 direction.

<Cover>
As shown in FIGS. 2 and 5, a cover 4 is arranged on the side of the outer shaft 3 in the axial direction so that the roller 6 and the torsion coil spring 7 do not fall off. Specifically, the cover 4 is a substantially disk-shaped member disposed so as to cover the first side surface 3a of the outer shaft 3, and includes a cover main body 41 and a plurality of fixings extending radially outward from the cover main body 41. Part 42.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the fixing portion 42 is fixed to the outer shaft 3 by a rivet 34. A cover portion 43 is disposed so as to correspond to the protruding portion 32 of the outer shaft 3. The roller 6 and the pocket 11 are disposed between the rotation directions of the adjacent fixing portions 42.

  A cover portion 43 is provided on the R2 side of the fixed portion. The cover portion 43 extends radially outward from the cover main body 41 and is disposed on the side of the roller 6 in the axial direction. The cover portion 43 has a smaller radial dimension than the fixed portion 42. For example, the radial dimension of the cover part 43 is approximately half of the radial dimension of the fixed part 42. The roller 6 can contact the fixed portion 42 in the axial direction. Thereby, it is possible to prevent the roller 6 from falling off the pocket 11.

  A restricting portion 44 is provided on the R1 side of the fixed portion 42. The restricting portion 44 is provided so as to cover the support portion 71 (more specifically, the first support portion 71a) of the torsion coil spring 7, and is radially outward from the cover body 41 (from the fixed portion 42 to the R2 direction). ) It extends.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the restricting portion 44 has a recess 44 a that is disposed so as to face the protruding portion 32. The first support portion 71a is accommodated in the recess 44a. The range of the recess 44a is wider than the movable range of the first support portion 71a so that the movement of the torsion coil spring 7 in the rotational direction is not restricted by the cover 4.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the restricting portion 44 has a support surface 44b formed in the recess 44a. The support surface 44b faces the outer shaft 3 in the axial direction. A first support portion 71a is disposed between the first side surface 3a of the outer shaft 3 and the support surface 44b. A gap larger than the diameter of the first support portion 71a is secured between the first side surface 3a and the support surface 44b. Since the support surface 44b can contact the first support portion 71a in the axial direction, the movement of the first support portion 71a in the axial direction is restricted between the first side surface 3a and the support surface 44b in the axial direction.

  The shape of the cover 4 will be described from another viewpoint. Although the cover 4 includes the cover main body 41, the fixing portion 42, the cover portion 43, and the restriction portion 44, it can be considered that the cover 4 includes a plurality of notches 45. Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, the notches 45 are arranged at substantially equal pitches in the rotation direction, and are provided corresponding to the rollers 6 and the torsion coil springs 7. A spring body 73 of the torsion coil spring 7 is disposed in the notch 45. As will be described later, since the spring body 73 moves mainly in the rotational direction, it is necessary to secure a space in which the spring body 73 moves. Here, the movement space of the spring body 73 is secured as the notch 45.

As shown in FIG. 5, the axial dimension of the spring body 73 is smaller than the axial dimension (thickness) of the cover 4 (more specifically, the fixing portion 42, the cover portion 43, and the restricting portion 44). Does not protrude from the cover 4 in the axial direction. For this reason,
<Plate>
As shown in FIGS. 2 and 5, a plate 9 is disposed on the side of the outer shaft 3 in the axial direction so that the roller 6 does not fall off. Specifically, the plate 9 is an annular member that is fitted into the outer shaft 3 so as to cover the side surface of the outer shaft 3, and includes a disk-shaped plate body 91 and a cylindrical portion 92. Yes. The cylindrical portion 92 extends in the axial direction from the outer peripheral portion of the plate main body 91 and is fitted into the outer peripheral portion of the outer shaft 3. The plate body 91 covers the second side surface 3 b of the outer shaft 3 on the side opposite to the cover 4. Thereby, falling off of the roller 6 can be prevented.

<Operation of one-way clutch>
The operation of the one-way clutch 1 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 7 is an explanatory view of the operation of the roller 6 and the torsion coil spring 7.

  In FIG. 1, when the shaft member 2 rotates in the R1 direction with respect to the outer shaft 3, the roller 6 is pressed in the R1 direction by the torsion coil spring 7, so that the inclined portion 31a of the outer shaft 3 and the shaft member 2 A roller 6 is sandwiched between them. As a result, the relative rotation of the shaft member 2 and the outer shaft 3 is restricted by the roller 6, and the outer shaft 3 rotates integrally with the shaft member 2. Thereby, the power in the R1 direction of the shaft member 2 is transmitted to the outer shaft 3 via the roller 6.

  On the other hand, when the shaft member 2 rotates in the R2 direction with respect to the outer shaft 3, the roller 6 moves in the R2 direction against the pressing force of the torsion coil spring 7. As a result, the roller 6 can rotate between the inclined portion 31 a and the shaft member 2, and the outer shaft 3 can rotate with respect to the shaft member 2. Thereby, the power transmission from the shaft member 2 to the outer shaft 3 is interrupted.

  At this time, as the roller 6 moves in the R2 direction, the contact portion 72 of the torsion coil spring 7 is pushed by the roller 6 and the torsion coil spring 7 is compressed. As a result, as shown in FIG. 7, the support portion 71 rotates in the R2 direction with the second support portion 71b inserted into the support hole 35 as a fulcrum, and the spring body 73 moves outward in the R2 direction and the radial direction. The spring body 73 moves in the notch 45. Since the contact portion 72 is in contact with the roller 6 at four points (points P1 to P4), the state where the torsion coil spring 7 presses the roller 6 and the posture of the torsion coil spring 7 are stabilized.

  Further, since the first support portion 71 a of the support portion 71 is accommodated in the recess 44 a of the restriction portion 44, the first support portion 71 a is supported by the support surface of the restriction portion 44 even if the torsion coil spring 7 moves in the direction of dropping. 44b. Thereby, the operation of the torsion coil spring 7 is stabilized.

<Features>
The characteristics of the one-way clutch 1 are as follows.

(1)
Since the one-way clutch 1 uses the torsion coil spring 7, unlike the case where the coil spring is used, a cap and a guide are not required. As a result, the structure can be simplified and the manufacturing cost can be reduced.

(2)
In the one-way clutch 1, the torsion coil spring 7 is rotatably supported by the outer shaft 3. More specifically, since the support portion 71 (more specifically, the second support portion 71b) of the torsion coil spring 7 is inserted into the support hole 35 of the outer shaft 3, it is supported by the protruding portion 32 of the outer shaft 3. The torsion coil spring 7 can be supported only by forming the hole 35. Thereby, the support structure of the torsion coil spring 7 can be simplified.

  In particular, since the second support portion 71b is inserted into the support hole 35, unnecessary torque does not act on the support portion 71, and the operation of the torsion coil spring 7 is stabilized. Thereby, the torsion coil spring 7 can be prevented from being damaged.

(3)
In the one-way clutch 1, since the spring main body 73 is disposed on the axial direction side of the outer shaft 3, it is not necessary to secure a large volume of the pocket 11 in order to accommodate the spring main body 73. Thereby, size reduction can be achieved, ensuring the intensity | strength of the outer shaft 3. FIG.

(4)
In the one-way clutch 1, the spring body 73 is disposed on the outer side in the radial direction than the support hole 35. Therefore, it is easy to secure a space for the spring body 73 to move when the torsion coil spring 7 is elastically deformed. Thereby, the structure which provides the torsion coil spring 7 in the side of the outer shaft 3 is easily realizable.

  In the above-described embodiment, by providing the cover 4 with the notch 45, a space in which the spring body 73 moves can be secured.

(5)
In the one-way clutch 1, since the movement of the support portion 71 in the axial direction is restricted by the restriction portion 44 of the cover 4, the torsion coil spring 7 is prevented from moving in the axial direction when the torsion coil spring 7 is elastically deformed. Can be prevented. Thereby, the operation of the torsion coil spring 7 is stabilized, and the operation of the one-way clutch 1 is also stabilized. Further, the torsion coil spring 7 can be prevented from falling off.

(6)
In this one-way clutch 1, when viewed from the axial direction, the contact portion 72 is in contact with the roller 6 at a plurality of points (points P1 to P4), so that the posture of the torsion coil spring 7 with respect to the roller 6 is stable. To do. As a result, the operation of the one-way clutch 1 is stabilized.

<Other embodiments>
The specific configuration of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

(1)
The arrangement of the torsion coil spring 7 is not limited to the above-described embodiment. For example, in the above-described embodiment, the spring body 73 of the torsion coil spring 7 is disposed on the side of the outer shaft 3 and is not accommodated in the pocket 11. However, the torsion coil spring 7 may be disposed in the pocket 11. In this case, the axial dimension of the one-way clutch 1 is shortened. When the torsion coil spring 7 is provided in the pocket 11, it is preferable to determine the shape of the pocket 11 in consideration of the space in which the torsion coil spring 7 moves.

(2)
The shape of the torsion coil spring 7 is not limited to the above-described embodiment. For example, in the above-described embodiment, when viewed from the axial direction, the first contact portion 72b and the second contact portion 72d of the torsion coil spring 7 are bent near the center. However, the 1st contact part 72b and the 2nd contact part 72d do not need to be bent.

  Conversely, the first contact part 72b and the second contact part 72d may have more bent parts. Furthermore, it may be curved along the outer peripheral surface of the roller 6 like a contact portion 272 of the torsion coil spring 207 shown in FIG. Even in this case, the posture of the torsion coil spring 207 with respect to the roller 6 is stabilized, and the operation of the one-way clutch 1 is stabilized.

(3)
In the above-described embodiment, the support hole 35 is a through hole, but may be a hole that does not penetrate.

(4)
The torsion coil springs 7 and 207 may be supported by the cover 4 or the plate 9.

The top view of a one way clutch. Sectional drawing of a one way clutch. The partial top view of a torsion coil spring and its periphery (without a cover). The partial top view of a torsion coil spring and its periphery (with a cover). FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view of a torsion coil spring and its periphery. Single view of a torsion coil spring (compressed state). Operation | movement explanatory drawing of a torsion coil spring. The partial top view of a torsion coil spring and its periphery (other embodiment).

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 One-way clutch 2 Shaft member 3 Outer shaft 31 Main body part 31a Inclined part 32 Projection part 35 Support hole 4 Cover 41 Cover main body 42 Fixing part 43 Cover part 6 Roller 7 Torsion coil spring 71 Support part 72 Contact part 73 Spring main body ( Example of elastic part)

Claims (5)

A one-way clutch provided on the shaft member,
An outer shaft disposed on the outer peripheral side of the shaft member;
A roller disposed between the shaft member and the outer shaft in a radial direction;
A torsion coil spring that is rotatably supported by the outer shaft and applies a pressing force to the roller using a torsion spring force;
A cover disposed on an axial side of the outer shaft;
Equipped with a,
The outer shaft has an annular main body portion, and a protrusion having a support hole extending in the axial direction and extending radially inward from the main body portion,
The torsion coil spring includes a support portion inserted into the support hole, a contact portion that contacts the roller, an elastic portion that elastically connects the support portion and the contact portion to generate the pressing force, Have
The cover has a restricting portion that accommodates the support portion in an axial direction with the outer shaft and is capable of contacting the support portion in the axial direction.
One way clutch. The elastic portion is disposed on the axial side of the outer shaft.
The one-way clutch according to claim 1 . The elastic part is disposed radially outside the support hole,
The one-way clutch according to claim 1 or 2 . When viewed from the axial direction, the contact portion is in contact with the roller at a plurality of locations,
The one-way clutch according to any one of claims 1 to 3 . When viewed from the axial direction, the contact portion has a shape along the roller.
The one-way clutch according to any one of claims 1 to 4 .

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