JP4999468B2 - Spiral tube manufacturing method and spiral tube manufacturing apparatus - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a spiral tube having spiral irregularities and an apparatus for manufacturing a spiral tube that can be preferably used for, for example, a heat exchanger of an air conditioner.

  A conventional smooth tube material is formed into a spiral tube (spiral corrugated tube) by twisting. “The outer tube has an outer tube end and has the same predetermined pitch for flexibility. It is composed of two spiral corrugated pipes in which the first spiral having p and the second spiral are combined with each other, so that the bending workability is improved as compared with the smooth pipe. It can be used for piping that requires a small bend that is difficult to bend with a smooth tube, such as in the case of a coil. "(For example, see Patent Document 1).

Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2005-9832 (first page, FIG. 1)

  In the case of the conventional technology as described above, Patent Document 1 does not particularly describe a method of manufacturing a spiral tube (spiral corrugated tube). However, generally, a smooth tube is simply twisted to obtain an outer shape of a tubular body. Since the first spiral and the second spiral having the same predetermined pitch p were processed into a shape combined with each other, the shapes of peaks and valleys formed in the spiral portion due to uneven thickness existing in the smooth tube There was a problem that the size was varied and it was difficult to control with high accuracy.

  The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-described problems of the prior art, and a high-quality spiral tube manufacturing method and spiral tube manufacturing method capable of forming the shape or size of spiral peaks and valleys with high accuracy. The object is to provide a manufacturing apparatus.

  In the spiral tube manufacturing method according to the present invention, after forming a plurality of recesses as starting points on the peripheral surface of a smooth tube material, the periphery of the tube material is rotated by rotating a portion away from the recess by a predetermined distance. In the method of manufacturing a spiral tube formed into spiral irregularities, after pressing a molding member previously molded in accordance with the obtained irregularities into the concave portion serving as the starting point, the molding member is connected to the spiral in conjunction with the rotation. It moves along a concave part of a shape.

  The spiral tube manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention includes a first chuck means for holding one end of a pipe material, a first chuck holding base having a drive mechanism for rotating the first chuck means, and the pipe material. A second chuck holding table having a second chuck means for holding the end portion and provided so as to be relatively movable in the direction of the first chuck holding table; and between the first chuck holding table and the second chuck holding table. And a third chuck holding base having a third chuck means provided so as to be relatively movable in the direction of the first chuck holding base, a driving mechanism for rotating the third chuck means, and a third chuck means. And a molding member that is pressed against a plurality of concave portions formed on the peripheral surface of the pipe material and molded into a predetermined spiral.

  In this invention, after pressing a molding member that has been molded in advance according to the obtained irregularities into a concave portion that is a starting point formed on the peripheral surface of a smooth tube material, the molding member is moved in the spiral shape in conjunction with the rotation. Since it is possible to forcibly adjust the unevenness of the pipe material by moving it along the concave portion, it is possible to manufacture a highly accurate spiral tube regardless of the uneven thickness of the pipe material. Moreover, it is possible to improve manufacturing defects caused by uneven thickness of the material. Therefore, the quality of the product can be improved by reducing the variation width of the spiral pitch.

Embodiment 1 FIG.
1 to 5 illustrate a spiral tube manufacturing method and a spiral tube manufacturing apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a perspective view schematically showing a schematic configuration of the spiral tube manufacturing apparatus. 2A is an enlarged perspective view schematically showing the third chuck means and the molding member surrounded by a circle A in FIG. 1, and FIG. 2B schematically shows a roller as the molding member. 3 is a sectional view taken along the line III-III in FIG. 2B, FIG. 4 is a partial sectional view showing a spiral tube obtained by the manufacturing apparatus of FIG. 1, and FIG. 5 is the manufacturing apparatus of FIG. FIG. 6 is a histogram diagram showing a variation in spiral pitch measured for a spiral tube obtained by the method according to the conventional method. In the drawings, the same reference numerals denote the same parts.

  In the figure, the spiral tube manufacturing apparatus includes a first chuck holding base 11 having a first chuck means 1 and a second chuck means 2 on the upper surface of a base 10 having a reference surface 10a. The direction of the first chuck holding base 11 between the second chuck holding base 21 movably provided in the direction of the holding base 11 as indicated by an arrow B, and the first chuck holding base 11 and the second chuck holding base 21. The third chuck holding base 31 having the third chuck means 3 movably provided as shown by the arrow C and the forming member 4 fixed to the third chuck means 3 are made of, for example, cemented carbide or steel. And three rollers 41 (41A, 41B, 41C) made of a hard metal such as the like. The central axes of the first, second, and third chuck means 1, 2, and 3 are provided on the same central axis O parallel to the directions of arrows B and C.

  The first chuck holding base 11 has a built-in driving mechanism for rotating the first chuck means 1 in the direction of arrow D, and the third chuck holding base 31 rotates the third chuck means 3 in the direction of arrow E. A drive mechanism is incorporated (both not shown). On one end face of the third chuck means 3 (right side in FIG. 2), three rollers are held so as to be movable in the center direction (and radial direction) as indicated by arrows F within a plane orthogonal to the center axis O. A base 32 is provided around the central axis O at an equal angle of 120 °. The three rollers 41A, 41B, and 41C are rotatably attached to support shafts 42 (42A, 42B, and 42C) fixed to the three roller holding bases 32, respectively.

  The support shafts 42A, 42B, and 42C are inclined at a predetermined angle, for example, 30 °, in the same direction in the horizontal plane when the central axis O is held horizontally and the roller holding base 32 of the roller 41A is held vertically. In addition, the abutting portions of the rollers 41A, 41B, 41C and the outer peripheral surface of the pipe material 5 that is the workpiece are disposed so as to be substantially at the same position in the extending direction of the central axis O. Further, as shown in FIG. 3, the roller 41 (41A, 41B, 41C) is provided with a shaft hole 41a at the center, and the outer peripheral portion 41b for forming the peripheral surface of the smooth tube material 5 in a spiral shape is a twisted shape. In this example, it is formed in an R shape (curved surface) having a semicircular cross section.

  Next, the operation of the first embodiment configured as described above will be described including the manufacturing method. First, an end portion (the other end portion) of a pipe material (typically, a copper pipe for a general heat exchanger, etc.) having a smooth surface (inner and outer peripheral surfaces) having a desired length, for example, an arbitrary length of 1 m to 5 m. ) In the vicinity, a recess serving as a starting point of the spiral is formed at three locations on the peripheral surface in the same manner as in the conventional method by a pressing jig not shown. Next, the tube material 5 is inserted so that the one end side is located on the first chuck means 1 and the other end part is located on the second chuck means 2 shown in FIG. 1, and the first chuck means 1 and the second chuck are inserted. The tube 5 is gripped by tightening the means 2 together. Next, a metal core 6 made of, for example, a stainless steel rod having a round bar shape, for example, a stainless bar, whose outer length is longer than the entire length of the tube material 5 and whose outer diameter is smaller than the inner diameter of the tube material 5 is inserted into the tube material 5.

  Next, the third chuck holding base 31 is moved to the position indicated by the arrow C so that each outer peripheral portion 41b of the roller 41 (41A, 41B, 41C) coincides with the position of a recess (not shown) serving as a starting point of the spiral provided in the tube material 5. The tip of the outer peripheral portion 41b of the roller 41 is moved from the central axis O in the direction of the central axis O indicated by the arrow F with the three roller holding bases 32 provided on the third chuck means 3 at the matched positions. Each of the three rollers 41A, 41B, and 41C is moved to the position where the thickness of the pipe 5 is added to the radius of the core 6 and the outer peripheral portion 41b of the three rollers 41A, 41B, 41C presses the concave portion that is the starting point of the spiral provided in the pipe 5 In this state, the roller holding base 32 is fixed to the third chuck means 3 main body by fixing means (not shown). At this time, the tip shape of the outer peripheral portion 41 b of the roller 41 is transferred to the outer shape portion of the tube material 5.

As a specific example, a smooth heat exchanger copper pipe with an outer diameter of φ16 mm and a wall thickness of 0.8 mm is used as the pipe material 5, and a stainless steel rod with a radius of 4.75 mm is used as the core metal 6, and twisted into a spiral pipe (spiral corrugated pipe). In this case, a roller 41 having an R-shaped radius of the outer peripheral portion 41b formed to a predetermined value in a range of about 2 to 3 mm was used, and the distance between the tip of the outer peripheral portion 41b and the central axis O was set to 5.55 mm. . In addition, there is no special restriction | limiting in these shapes and dimensions, and it cannot be overemphasized that it can change suitably as desired.
Next, when the first chuck means 1 is rotated in the direction of the arrow D, the tube material 5 is also twisted in the same direction, and the concave portion (not shown) in contact with the outer peripheral portion 41b of the roller 41 is used as a starting point. A spiral twisted shape is formed in the left direction.

  Simultaneously with the formation of the spiral, the length of the tube material 5 is reduced, and the second chuck means 2, the second chuck holding base 21, the third chuck means 3, and the third chuck holding base 31 are left in FIG. Move relative to the direction. At this time, when the third chuck means 3 is rotated in the direction of the arrow E in synchronization with the speed at which the length of the tube material 5 is shortened by the twisting process, a roller 41 (41A, 41B, 41C) is newly formed. By rotating in the direction of the arrow G by friction with the spiral concave portion 50a, the outer peripheral portion 41b of the roller 41 moves in the concave portion 50a over substantially the entire length up to the gripping position of the tube material 5 by the first chuck means 1, The shape and size of the concave portion 50a, the shape of the convex portion 50b, and the pitch P size are forcibly adjusted, and the spiral tube 50 having a desired twist shape having three irregularities in the circumferential direction with excellent accuracy is obtained.

  Variations in the pitch P of the spiral are obtained for the spiral tube 50 obtained by the manufacturing apparatus and the manufacturing method of the first embodiment as described above and a spiral tube (not shown) of the same shape according to the prior art that does not use the molding member 4. The measurement result is the histogram of FIG. As shown in the histogram on the left side of the drawing, the spiral tube of the prior art showed variation in the pitch P range H of 7.0 mm to 9.8 mm with respect to the product specification of 8.4 mm. On the other hand, in the spiral tube 50 according to the first embodiment, as shown in the histogram on the right side of the drawing, the range I of the pitch P is 8.0 to 8.8 mm with respect to the product specification of 8.4 mm, and the variation width is Was small.

In the conventional method, when the uneven thickness of the pipe material 5 as a workpiece is large, fluctuations in torsional torque on the circumferential cross section of the pipe material 5 increase when twisted, but in the manufacturing method of the first embodiment, the outer portion of the pipe material 5 is Since it is compulsorily arranged by the roller 41 as the forming member 4, the deformation of the outer portion of the tube material 5 is alleviated, and therefore a highly accurate spiral tube 50 can be manufactured.
The spiral tube 50 obtained in the first embodiment is processed with high accuracy in the shape and dimensions of the concave and convex portions, for example, an outer diameter capillary tube (not shown) that can be accommodated in the concave portion 50a of the spiral tube 50. ) Is wound around the recess 50a with a wrapping machine, and a first refrigerant such as water is passed through the spiral pipe 50, and a second refrigerant such as natural refrigerant such as liquefied CO _{2 is} passed through the capillary pipe. In the case of configuring the device, there is a remarkable advantage that the winding machine can be processed smoothly without stopping or causing a winding failure.

  Of course, the use of the spiral tube 50, the configuration of the heat exchanger, the type of refrigerant used when the heat exchanger is configured, and the like are not limited to those exemplified above. Moreover, although the cemented carbide or steel was illustrated as a material of the roller 41 used preferably, a material is not specifically limited, If a Young's modulus is a metal of about 200 GPa or more, it will be from a general material without a special restriction | limiting. Since it can select and use suitably, it is also possible to reduce the manufacturing cost of a roller part. In addition, three rollers 41 are arranged around the work and three spiral irregularities are formed in the circumferential direction. However, the number of rollers 41 is changed to two, four or more, and the number of irregularities is changed. You can also

  As described above, according to the first embodiment, after forming a plurality of recesses as starting points on the peripheral surface of the smooth tube material 5, molding is provided on the third chuck means 3 to mold desired spiral irregularities. A roller 41 as a member is pressed against the recess, the third chuck unit 3 is rotated in conjunction with the rotation of the first chuck unit 1, and the roller 41 is pressed against the recess and rotated toward the chuck unit 1. By doing so, it is possible to manufacture a spiral tube with a highly accurate shape and dimensions of spiral irregularities. Moreover, since the manufacturing defect resulting from the uneven thickness of the pipe material 5 can be improved, the quality and reliability can be improved. Furthermore, in order to satisfy the product specifications, special specification pipe materials with small uneven thickness have been selected and used. However, since the general specification tube material can be used ignoring uneven thickness, the material cost can be reduced.

Embodiment 2. FIG.
6 is a cross-sectional view showing a roller constituting a forming member used in a spiral tube manufacturing apparatus according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention, and corresponds to a cross-sectional view taken along line VI-VI in FIG. In the figure, the roller 42 is provided with a shaft hole 42a similar to that of the first embodiment at the center of rotation, the outer peripheral portion 42b is formed in a mountain shape with a flat top, and the inclination angle θ of the protruding portion is about 120 to It is formed at about 130 °. Since other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment, illustration and description of the configurations are omitted.
When the roller 42 having the outer peripheral portion 42b having the cross-sectional mountain shape as described above is used as the forming member 4, the concave portion of the obtained spiral tube is also formed in the cross-sectional mountain shape (not shown), and is the same as in the first embodiment. Thus, a spiral tube having a highly accurate shape and size of the spiral irregularities can be obtained. In short, the shape of the roller used as the forming member is not particularly limited, and can be appropriately changed according to the required uneven shape of the spiral tube.

Embodiment 3 FIG.
FIG. 7 is a perspective view schematically showing a third chuck means equipped with a forming piece as a forming member used in a spiral tube manufacturing apparatus according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention. In the figure, at one end surface of the third chuck means 3, there are three holding bases 33 that are movable in the central direction (and radial direction) as indicated by arrows F within a plane orthogonal to the central axis O. Around the axis O is provided at an equal angle of 120 °. A molding piece 43 for restricting the shape and size of the spiral recess is fixed to the end surface portion on the center side of the holding table 33 at a predetermined angle. Since the other configuration is the same as that of the first embodiment, the illustration and description of the configuration are omitted, and the operation will be described below with reference to FIG.

  In the third embodiment configured as described above, after setting the tube material in the same manner as in the first or second embodiment, the holding base 33 provided in the third chuck means 3 is moved in the direction of the central axis O. The tip of the forming piece 43 is moved until it reaches a position 5.55 mm from the center of the tube material 5 and is pressed against a recess (not shown) as a starting point of the tube material 5, so that the tip shape of the forming piece 43 is changed to the tube material 5. Transfer to the outer shape of the. Thereafter, the first chuck means 1 is rotated in the direction of the arrow D, and the third chuck means 3 is rotated in the same direction in conjunction with the rotation, so that the molding piece 43 moves in the spiral recess, and the tube 5 The spiral shape of the outer shape can be formed with high accuracy. Further, since the uneven thickness of the pipe material 5 can be ignored, the material cost can be reduced, and the manufacturing defects caused by the uneven thickness of the tube material 5 can be improved, so that the quality and reliability can be improved. The same effect can be obtained.

Embodiment 4 FIG.
8 to 11 illustrate a spiral tube manufacturing method and manufacturing apparatus according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention. FIG. 8 is a perspective view schematically showing a schematic configuration of the spiral tube manufacturing apparatus, and FIG. FIG. 9 is an enlarged view of the third chuck means surrounded by a circle J in FIG. 8 and a forming die as a forming member, and FIG. 9A is a perspective view schematically showing a state in which the forming die is fixed. 9 (b) is a front view showing a forming die. FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing a forming die as a forming member incorporated in the third chuck means shown in FIG. 9, and corresponds to a cross-sectional view taken along the line XX in FIG. FIG. 11 is a partial side view showing a spiral tube processed by the manufacturing apparatus of FIG.

  In the figure, the third chuck means 30 is provided so as to be rotatable in the direction of the arrow K with respect to the third chuck holding base 31 arranged in the same manner as in the first embodiment, and as shown by the arrow L in FIG. A mechanism (not shown) that can be divided in directions is provided. Inside the third chuck means 30, a molding die 44 is fixed as a molding member, which can be divided into two in the vertical direction. The forming die 44 is provided with a plurality of valley-shaped forming portions 44a forming a valley shape of the obtained spiral tube and a mountain-shaped forming portion 44b forming a mountain shape in a tapered spiral shape, and the smooth pipe 5 In contrast, a twisted shape is formed stepwise. A mechanism (not shown) that can be opened and closed in two directions from the center in the direction of arrow L in FIG. 9 is provided, and is integrated with the third chuck means 30. Since other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment, description thereof is omitted.

  Next, the manufacturing method of the spiral pipe | tube by the manufacturing apparatus of Embodiment 4 comprised as mentioned above is demonstrated. First, the vicinity of the other end portion of the pipe material 5 made of the same copper pipe as in the first embodiment (near the center of the right end portion in FIG. 8) is narrowed to the same or slightly larger diameter than the inner diameter of the forming die 44 by a known processing means. Turn into. Next, after the third chuck means 30 and the forming die 44 are opened in the direction of the arrow L and the diameter-reduced portion of the tube material 5 is positioned on the opened forming die 44, the third chuck means 30 and The forming die 44 is closed, and one end (the left side in FIG. 8) of the tube material 5 is gripped by the first chuck means 1 and the other end is gripped by the second chuck means 2.

  Next, the same round bar-shaped cored bar 6 as in the first embodiment is inserted into the tube material 5, and then the third chuck means 30 is fixed with the first chuck means 1 and the second chuck means 2 fixed. When rotated in the direction of the arrow K, the valley shape forming portion 44a and the mountain shape forming portion 44b of the forming die 44 shape the inner and outer peripheral surfaces of the tube body 5 in a spiral shape while the tube member 5 is gripped by the first chuck means 1. By moving over substantially the entire length, the spiral unevenness shape having a plurality of protrusions (in this case, two protrusions) in the circumferential direction shown in FIG. 11 and the pitch dimension are regulated, and the desired twisted shape with excellent accuracy is obtained. A spiral tube 51 is obtained. The second chuck means 2 moves in the direction of the first chuck means 1 in synchronization with the speed at which the length of the tube material 5 is shortened.

  As described above, according to the fourth embodiment, by using the forming die 44 for processing the uneven shape of the spiral tube, the shape of the outer portion of the obtained spiral tube 51 can be increased in accuracy. Moreover, since the uneven thickness of the pipe material 5 which is a raw material can be ignored as in the first embodiment, the material cost can be reduced. In addition, since manufacturing defects caused by uneven thickness of the pipe material can be improved, quality and reliability can be improved.

  In the description of the above embodiment, the heat exchanger in the form in which the capillary tube is wound in the concave portion 50a of the outer peripheral portion of the spiral tube 50 obtained is exemplified, but the present invention is not limited to this. It is also free to configure as a double-pipe heat exchanger or the like in which the pipe is housed inside another pipe material. Moreover, although the case where this invention was used for a heat exchanger was demonstrated, the use of a spiral pipe | tube is not necessarily limited to a heat exchanger. In the above embodiment, the first chuck holding base 11 is fixed and the second and third chuck holding bases 21 and 31 are movable. For example, any one chuck holding base is fixed, and the other It goes without saying that various modifications and changes can be made within the scope of the present invention, such as a configuration in which the chuck holding base is relatively movable.

The perspective view which shows typically the schematic structure of the manufacturing apparatus of the spiral tube by Embodiment 1 of this invention. (A) is the perspective view which expands and shows typically the 3rd chuck | zipper means and shaping | molding member which were enclosed by the circle | round | yen A of FIG. 1, (b) is a front view which shows typically the roller as a shaping | molding member. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line III-III in FIG. The fragmentary sectional view which shows the spiral tube obtained by the manufacturing apparatus of FIG. The histogram figure which shows the dispersion | variation in the pitch of the spiral measured about the spiral tube obtained by the manufacturing apparatus of FIG. 1 compared with the spiral tube by a conventional method. Sectional drawing which shows the roller which comprises the shaping | molding member used for the manufacturing apparatus of the spiral tube by Embodiment 2 of this invention (equivalent to the arrow directional cross-sectional view in the VI-VI line of FIG.2 (b)). The perspective view which shows typically the 3rd chuck | zipper means with which the shaping | molding piece as a shaping | molding member used for the manufacturing apparatus of the spiral tube by Embodiment 3 of this invention was mounted | worn. The perspective view which shows typically the schematic structure of the manufacturing apparatus of the spiral tube by Embodiment 4 of this invention. It is a figure which expands and shows the shaping | molding die as a 3rd chuck means and a shaping | molding member enclosed with the circle | round | yen J of FIG. 8, (a) is a perspective view which shows typically the state which fixed the shaping | molding die. This corresponds to a cross-sectional view taken along line XX in FIG. The partial side view which shows the spiral pipe | tube processed with the manufacturing apparatus of FIG.

Explanation of symbols

  10a Reference surface, 10 substrate, 1 first chuck means, 11 first chuck holding table, 2 second chuck means, 21 second chuck holding table, 3, 30 third chuck means, 31 third chuck holding table , 32 roller holder, 33 holder, 4 molding member, 41 (41A, 41B, 41C) roller, 41a shaft hole, 41b outer periphery, 42 (42A, 42B, 42C) support shaft, 42a shaft hole, 42b outer periphery , 43 molding pieces, 44 molding dies, 44a valley shape forming portion, 44b mountain shape forming portion, 5 pipe material, 50, 51 spiral tube, 50a concave portion, 50b convex portion, 6 cored bar, O central axis.

Claims (6)

  Manufacturing a spiral tube in which a plurality of recesses starting from the periphery of a smooth tube material are formed, and then the periphery of the tube material is formed into a spiral asperity by rotating a portion away from the recess by a predetermined distance. In the method, after pressing a molding member molded in advance according to the obtained unevenness into the recess serving as the starting point, the molding member is moved along the spiral recess in conjunction with the rotation. A method of manufacturing a spiral tube.   2. The method of manufacturing a spiral tube according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of rollers are used as the molded member.   2. The method of manufacturing a spiral tube according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of molding pieces are used as the molding member.   A first chuck means for holding one end of the pipe material, a first chuck holding base having a drive mechanism for rotating the first chuck means, and a second chuck means for holding the other end of the pipe material. A second chuck holding table provided to be relatively movable in the direction of the first chuck holding table, and a relative movement in the direction of the first chuck holding table between the first chuck holding table and the second chuck holding table. A third chuck holding base having a third chuck means and a drive mechanism for rotating the third chuck means, and a plurality of chucks fixed to the third chuck means and formed on the peripheral surface of the tube material. An apparatus for manufacturing a spiral tube, comprising: a molding member that is pressed against a recess and is molded into a predetermined spiral.   5. The spiral tube manufacturing apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the forming member is formed by using a plurality of rollers that rotate about an axis inclined at a predetermined angle with respect to an axial direction of the pipe material.   5. The spiral tube manufacturing apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the forming member comprises a plurality of forming pieces.

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