JP4993947B2 - Wall repair structure - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a wall surface repair structure for preventing moisture from entering from a crack portion generated on a wall surface.

  Cracks (cracks) occur on concrete walls, mortar walls, or wall surfaces such as tiles and bricks (hereinafter collectively referred to simply as wall surfaces). One of the causes of this crack generation is a thermal stress generated inside the wall surface. That is, the wall surface has a temperature difference between a part exposed to solar heat and a shaded part, a shaded part of a tree, and the like, and a thermal stress is generated inside the wall surface due to the temperature difference. For example, when rainwater permeates from the crack portion, the wall material is deteriorated, and in the case of reinforced concrete, the reinforcing bar is corroded. Further, when the infiltrated moisture is thermally expanded, the wall surface is lifted and the so-called wall surface is peeled off. In such a situation, partial repair work for the wall surface is not sufficient, and overall and large-scale repair work is required. For these reasons, it is important for the wall surface to prevent moisture from entering (penetrating) from the crack portion.

  As a conventional method for sealing a cracked portion, there is a method in which a sealing material is applied to the cracked portion, and a repair composite layer in which a net is embedded is formed on the sealing material. The purpose of this sealing method is as follows. That is, the wall surface is thermally expanded and contracted by solar heat. As a result, the crack width of the crack portion changes. Due to this change in crack width, repeated stresses of tension and compression are generated in the sealing material and the repair composite layer, and cracks are generated in the sealing material and the repair composite layer itself. In view of this, this repair method forcibly prevents cracks in the sealing material and the repair composite layer depending on the strength of the repair composite layer in which the net is embedded.

  However, this conventional repair method has the following problems to be improved. That is, the tensile and compressive force that generates a crack by thermal expansion or contraction is larger than the tensile and compressive strength of the repair composite layer, and thus there is a problem that the crack propagates to the repair composite layer itself. Further, in order to sufficiently increase the strength of the repair composite layer, the thickness of the repair composite layer must be increased. However, when the thickness of the repair composite layer is increased, there is a problem that the repair composite layer partially rises and the appearance of the finished surface is impaired.

  Other conventional examples include the following. In this conventional example, the cracked wall surface is U or V cut along the crack, and the cut portion is filled with resin mortar. Further, there is disclosed a technique in which a polyester non-woven fabric is pasted on a polymer cement mortar, and a glass fiber net having a high tensile strength is stretched thereon to apply a polymer cement.

  Similar to the above-described conventional example, this conventional example uses a repair composite layer in which a net is embedded to forcibly suppress cracks, and thus has the same problem to be improved. Further, in this conventional example, the cracked wall surface is U-cut or V-cut along the crack, and thus has the following problems. That is, when a cracked wall surface is U or V cut along the crack, there is a problem that a lot of dust is generated, noise is generated, and the working environment is bad. In many cases, the building for repairing the wall surface is in the living environment. Therefore, the generation of dust and noise has a problem of adversely affecting the living environment. Moreover, since the process which cuts the cracked wall surface U or V along a crack is required, there exists a problem that the construction period to repair becomes long.

Japanese Patent No. 2796696 JP-A-8-28063

  The present invention is not forcibly suppressing the occurrence of cracking due to the strength of the repair composite layer in which the net or the like is embedded as in the prior art, but rather allows cracking to prevent cracking of the repair composite layer, and The U- or V-cut is used to eliminate dust and noise, shorten the repair period, make it cheaper, ensure sealing, and improve the appearance of the repaired finish wall. The purpose is to provide a repair structure.

The means grasped from the present invention is that the repair composite layer is formed by interposing the tape in the part corresponding to the crack part, so that the peeling strength of the tape part in the repair composite layer is weakened and repaired when the crack occurs. The force acting on the composite layer can be relaxed, and the followability of the repair composite layer to the cracks on the wall surface can be improved.

Next, the means ascertained from the description of claim 2 is that a repair composite layer is formed by interposing a tape in a portion corresponding to a crack portion, and the amount of emulsion resin relative to the powder material is used as a coating material used for the repair composite layer. The polymer cement-based coating material of 10 to 100% is used, so the elasticity of the coating material is improved, the peeling strength of the tape part is weakened, and the force acting on the repair composite layer is reduced when cracks occur Due to the effect, the followability of the repair composite layer with respect to the crack of the wall surface can be improved.

In addition , since the tape with ears is used, the adhesive strength of the ear part is increased, and the tape part is pulled intensively to promote the separation between the tape and the repair composite layer, and the repair composite when a crack occurs The force acting on the layer can be relaxed, and the followability of the repair composite layer to the wall crack can be improved.

According to the present invention, since the repair composite layer is only formed by interposing the tape in the portion corresponding to the crack portion, it is not necessary to perform U- or V-cut as in the prior art, and generation of dust and noise is eliminated. The repair period can be shortened and the cost can be reduced. And, the peeling strength of the tape part in the repair composite layer was weakened, the force acting on the repair composite layer at the time of crack occurrence was relaxed, and the followability of the repair composite layer to the crack on the wall surface was improved. Can be eliminated, and the cracks generated on the wall surface can be reliably sealed. And since the force which acts on a repair composite layer at the time of a crack generation is eased, a repair composite layer can be made thin and the external appearance of the wall surface after repair can be improved.

  Next, according to the present invention ascertained from the description of claim 2, as a coating material used for the repair composite layer, a polymer cement-based coating material in which the resin amount of the emulsion to the powder material is 10 to 100%, By improving the elasticity of the coating material and weakening the peel strength of the tape part and mitigating the force acting on the repair composite layer when cracks occur, the repair composite layer can follow the cracks on the wall surface. Since it improved, the crack of a repair composite layer can be eliminated and the crack part which generate | occur | produced in the wall surface can be sealed reliably. And since the force which acts on a repair composite layer at the time of a crack generation is eased, a repair composite layer can be made thin and the external appearance of the wall surface after repair can be improved.

Further , according to the present invention, the tape with the ear is used, the adhesive strength of the ear portion is increased, the tape portion is pulled intensively, and the peeling between the tape and the repair composite layer is actively promoted. Since the force acting on the repair composite layer when the crack occurs is improved and the followability of the repair composite layer to the crack on the wall surface is improved, the crack of the repair composite layer can be eliminated, and the crack on the wall surface can be sealed. It can be done reliably. And since the force which acts on a repair composite layer at the time of a crack generation is eased, a repair composite layer can be made thin and the external appearance of the wall surface after repair can be improved.

In the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1, a tape 5 is interposed in a repair composite layer formed of a base material 4, a net fixing layer 7, a net 8, a top coat 9 and the like in a crack portion 2 of a wall surface 1. In addition, although the sealing material 3 is shown in FIG. 1, this sealing material 3 may be eliminated.

  The present invention ascertained from the description of claim 2 is that in FIG. 1, as a coating material for the base material 4, the net fixing layer 7, and the top coating 9, a polymer cement-based coating in which the amount of emulsion resin to the powder material is 10 to 100% Use wood.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. First, the repair composite layer is a generic name for a repair layer in which a net formed in a crack portion of a wall surface and a coating material are combined in combination. In FIG. 1, the base material 4, the net fixing layer 7, the net 8 and the top coat are combined. Nine. The repair composite layer shown in FIG. 1 is an example, and the present invention is not limited to this.

  The following description is based on the repair composite layer shown in FIGS. The crack 2 generated on the wall surface 1 is in a state in which the U or V is not cut. Before the repair work is carried out, the wall 1 is cleaned. Next, a sealing material 3 is applied to the crack portion 2 and subjected to a sealing process. In the present embodiment, the sealing material 3 is applied, but the sealing material 3 may not be applied. Next, the base material 4 is applied to the sealing material 3 and the wall surface 1. When the sealing material 3 is not applied, the base material 4 is applied directly to the wall surface 1. The base material 4 is applied smoothly and thinly toward the end so that there is no step between the wall surface 1 as shown in FIG.

  Next, a tape 5 is attached to the base material 4. As shown in FIG. 3, the tape 5 is obtained by sticking a tape 5 having a width W2 to a nonwoven fabric having a width W1. Since this width is affixed to a portion corresponding to the crack portion 2 and exhibits an effect, a certain amount of width is required. That is, since the crack 2 that has occurred is usually not a straight line, a certain amount of width is required to attach the tape 5 thereon. Therefore, the widths W1 and W2 are determined depending on the situation of the crack portion 2. In addition, if the width of the tape 5 is narrow, the crack followability is lowered. Conversely, if the width is wide, the tape 5 can be reliably attached on the portion corresponding to the crack portion 2. The area increases, the adhesive strength decreases, and the strength of the repair composite layer decreases. Further, the cost increases as the widths W1 and W2 become wider. Accordingly, the widths W1 and W2 are optimally determined in consideration of crack followability, adhesive strength (repair composite layer), and cost, with the widths W1 = 10 cm and W2 = 5 cm. However, even if W1 = W2, the function as the tape 5 can be obtained. In FIG. 3, the tape 5 is attached to the nonwoven fabric forming the ear 6, but an acrylic adhesive may be directly applied to the nonwoven fabric instead of the tape 5. In short, it is sufficient that the coating material does not permeate, and it is not limited to the tape 5 or the acrylic adhesive.

  Here, the crack followability means that the wall surface 1 is expanded and contracted by solar heat, the gap of the crack portion 2 is changed, and the tensile and compressive stress generated in the repair composite layer is relaxed. Adhesive strength (adhesion strength) refers to cohesive failure of materials, interfacial delamination, interfacial thin layer delamination, etc. In the examples of FIGS. 1 and 2, the base material 4 and the tape 5 or the tape 5 and the net fixing layer 7 It is the strength at the time of interfacial peeling and interfacial thin layer peeling. The crack followability is achieved by interfacial peeling or interfacial thin layer peeling of the tape 5.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the ear | edge part 6 is formed by sticking the tape 5 of width W2 on the nonwoven fabric of width W1. That is, by embedding the ear portion 6 in the base material 4, the adhesive strength of the tape 5 can be attached to the base material 4 in a weakened state. That is, when the base material 4 is not solidified, the base material 4 passes through the mesh of the ear portion 6. Thereby, the ear | edge part 6 will be in the state embed | buried under the base material. On the other hand, the portion where the tape 5 is adhered does not transmit the base material 4. Therefore, the tape 5 is attached to the base material 4 with the adhesive strength of the tape 5 being weaker than the adhesive strength of the ear portion 6. The mounting range of the tape 5 may be a range that covers a portion corresponding to the crack 2 as shown in FIG. In the embodiment of FIG. 2, it is a part of the sealing material 3. As the material of the tape 5, it is preferable to use a material that does not transmit the coating material.

  Next, a net fixing layer 7 is applied on the tape 5, the ears 6, and the base material 4. A net 8 is embedded in the net fixing layer 7. As shown in FIG. 2, the thickness of the net fixing layer 7 is gradually reduced toward the end so that there is no step between the end of the net fixing layer 7 and the wall surface 1. Then, a top coat 9 and a finish coat 10 are performed on the net 8.

  In the above embodiment, the base material 4 is applied on the sealing material 3, and then the tape 5 having the ears 6 formed thereon is interposed, but the ears 6 are formed on the sealing material 3. The tape 5 may be covered and the base material 4 may be applied thereon. Thereby, the base material 4 permeate | transmits the part of the ear | edge part 6, and the tape 5 is fixed to the wall surface 1 in the state by which the ear | edge part 6 was embed | buried. And since the base material 6 does not permeate | transmit the part of the tape 5, the adhesive strength between the tape 5 and the sealing material 3 and between the base material 4 and the tape 5 is weak, and the base material 4 and the ear | edge part 6 and The tape 5 can be interposed in a portion corresponding to the crack 2 in a state where the adhesive strength between the two is increased. In the case where the sealing material 3 is not applied, the base material 4 is directly applied to the clean wall surface 1, and the tape 5 having the ears 6 formed thereon is covered. Even in this case, the tape 5 is equivalent to the crack portion 2 in a state where the adhesive strength between the base material 4 and the tape 5 is weak and the adhesive strength between the base material 4 and the ear portion 6 is increased. It can intervene in the part to do.

  Moreover, in the said Example, although the tape 5 is made to interpose in the state which made the tape 5 the upper surface, you may make it interpose the tape 5 in the state which made the tape 5 back. Also by this, the base material 4 transmits the portion of the ear portion 6 and does not transmit the portion of the tape 5. Therefore, the adhesive strength between the base material 4 and the tape 5 is weak, and the base material 4 and the ear portion 6. The tape 5 can be interposed in a portion corresponding to the crack 2 in a state where the adhesive strength between the two is increased.

  The coating material for the repair composite layer formed by the base material 4, the net fixing layer 7, and the top coat 9 may be any material that has excellent elasticity. Use wood. Usually, an emulsion resin and an aggregate containing cement (Portland, Alumina, etc.) are mixed and applied to use as a base material or a waterproof coating. Depending on the type and amount of emulsion resin and the type and amount of cement and aggregate, properties with a fairly wide range of properties (elasticity) can be obtained.

  Next, a test example for crack followability is shown. The test body used for the test is shown in FIGS. The test body shown in FIG. 5 has a sealing material applied thereto, and the test body in FIG. 6 has no sealing material applied thereto. The specimen shown in FIG. 5 is a slate plate having a thickness of 3 mm, but a sealing material is applied to the butt, and a base material, a tape with ears, a net fixing layer, a net, and an overcoat are applied on the sealing material. is there. The test body shown in FIG. 6 is the same as the test body shown in FIG. 5 except that the sealing material is not applied.

(Explanation of terms in the table)
A single-component polyurethane sealant is used as the sealant, and the base material, net fixing layer, and topcoat are emulsion liquid material (ethylene vinyl acetate resin 53%), cement aggregate (alumina cement, silica sand, etc.) and water. Two types of coating materials with different blending ratios were used. In the table, blending ratio emulsion liquid material: cement aggregate: water 14: 9: 1.5 coating material is shown as blending [1], 21: 9: 3.0 coating material is blended [2 ].

  In the table, the treated cloth composite net is the tape with ears shown in FIG. The net [5] is a net having a mesh size of 5 mm × 5 mm, and a tape is attached to the net. Similarly, the net [3] is a net having a mesh size of 3 mm × 3 mm, and a tape is attached to the net.

(Crack following test)
Two specimens shown in FIG. 5 (with a sealing material applied) and FIG. 6 (without a sealing material applied) were prepared as follows. First, the test body shown in FIG. 5 attaches two slate plates, and affixes a cloth tape on the back surface to fix the two slate plates. Next, urethane (seal material) having a thickness of 2 mm and a width of 20 mm is applied to the butt portion of the slate plate. Next, after the sealing material is cured, a coating material is applied thereon. Adhere the tape with ears and apply the coating material. Then, after leaving to dry, a coating material was further applied. There are two types of coating materials, [1] and [2]. Therefore, the test body which apply | coated this sealing material produced two types from which a coating material differs.

  On the other hand, the test body shown in FIG. 6 attaches two slate plates, and affixes a cloth tape on the back surface to fix the two slate plates. Next, a coating material is applied to the butt portion of the slate. Adhere the tape with ears and apply the coating material. Then, after leaving to dry, a coating material was further applied. There are two types of coating materials, [1] and [2]. Therefore, the test body which does not apply | coat this sealing material produced two types from which a coating material differs. The curing curing of the test specimens shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 was allowed to stand for 14 days in a constant temperature room (20 ° C., 65% RH).

  The crack followability was measured by mounting the test specimen on a tensile tester. The attachment was carried out by the chuck of the tensile tester so that the butt portion of the slate plate was at the center. The chuck interval was 24 cm. And it pulled at the speed | rate of 5 mm / min, and the opening dimension of the butt | matching part of a slate board when the crack produced in the surface of the coating material was measured.

(Adhesion strength test)
The latency of the surface of the concrete board (300 × 300 × 30 mm) is removed with sandpaper to obtain a clean surface. A line assuming cracks is drawn on it. A primer of a sealing material is applied to an eye wider than 2 cm in width around this line, and a one-component polyurethane sealing material is processed and cured to a thickness of 2 to 3 mm and a width of about 2 cm. Also, prepare a concrete board that does not treat the sealing material. Apply the mixed [1] or mixed [2] coating material to the concrete plate treated with the sealing material and the untreated concrete plate to a width of about 10 cm, centering on the wire, and leave the uncured tape from above Paste directly. The mixed [1] or mixed [2] coating material is applied onto the ear tape and allowed to stand for a while to dry and cure. Furthermore, the same coating material is applied thereon to form a test specimen. The curing curing was carried out for 14 days by leaving it in a constant temperature room (20 ° C., 65% RH).

  The adhesion strength was measured by conducting an adhesion test using a Kenken tensile tester and confirming the following adhesion strength. The locations where the adhesion test was carried out were (1) where only the coating material was applied, (2) where the coating material and net were combined, and (3) where the coating material, net and nonwoven fabric were combined. (4) A part where the tape is applied to the coating material, the net, and the nonwoven fabric, and (5) A part where the tape is applied to the coating material and the nonwoven fabric and the sealing material is combined.

Next, I will explain the results of the test. Tables 1 to 3 show the relationship between the presence / absence of the sealing material and the temperature and the crack followability when the ear tape is used. When the test Nos. 1 and 2 in Tables 1 to 3 are seen, the crack followability is almost the same, indicating good followability to each temperature. Further, at each temperature, the followability is better when there is no treatment of the sealing material. In Tables 1 to 3, when the test Nos. 1, 2 and 3, 4 are compared, the blend [1] has better followability than the blend [2], and the blend of the coating material follows. It turns out that it influences sex.

Next, looking at Table 4, in the processing cross column, “A” (A) indicates that the adhesion strength is extremely weak regardless of the coating material. In this table | surface, (A) shows what stuck the tape to the nonwoven fabric, and (B) shows what has not stuck the tape only on the nonwoven fabric.

(Comprehensive evaluation)
In Tables 1 to 3, the presence or absence of the sealing material and the composition of the coating material have some influence, but by using the tape with ears, the crack followability shows a large value of about 4 mm regardless of the temperature. The effect of the tape with ears can be confirmed. And in order to support this, in Table 4, the adhesion strength can be made extremely low by using the ear tape. That is, what can be said from Tables 1 to 3 and Table 4 can be said that the crack followability is improved by partially reducing the adhesion strength at the tape portion.

[Operation and effect of embodiment]
Based on the above test results, technical considerations can be considered as follows. In FIG. 4, a crack 2 is generated on the wall surface 1 due to the stress (arrows A and B) on the wall surface 1. The stresses A and B propagate to the sealing material 3 (arrow C). Further, cracks may also occur in the sealing material 3 and the base material 4. However, since the adhesive strength between the tape 5 and the base material 4 is weak, the interface 5 or the interface thin layer is peeled between the tape 5 and the base material 4 by the force that generates cracks in the base material 4. The propagation of stress to the fixed layer 7 and the top coat 9 is alleviated. Thereby, the crack of the net fixing layer 7 and the top coat 9 is prevented, and water can be prevented from entering the crack portion 2.

  Further, since the propagation of stress is relaxed by the tape 5, the strength of the sealing material 3, the base material 4, the tape fixing layer 7, the top coat 9 and the finish coat 10 is not required, and these layers can be made thin, The bulge at the repair point is lowered, and the appearance of the wall surface after repair is not impaired. Furthermore, since the steps between the end portions of the base material 4, the tape fixing layer 7, the top coat 9 and the finish coat 10 and the wall surface 1 are eliminated, the appearance of the wall surface after repair is not impaired. In addition, since the so-called double net structure in which the ear portion 6 and the net 8 are embedded and the tensile strength of the repair composite layer is strengthened, the crack of the net fixing layer 7, the top coat 9 and the finish 10 is prevented, and the wall surface after the repair is repaired. There is no loss of appearance. In the above description, the case where the sealing material 3 is applied has been described. As is apparent from the results of Tables 1 to 4, the cracking followability is better when the sealing material 3 is not provided. Can be obtained.

  Further, since the U or V is not cut with respect to the crack 2, the construction period of the repair work can be shortened, and the repair work can be made inexpensive. Further, since the U or V cut is not performed, dust and noise are not generated, and the influence on the work environment and the living environment can be reduced.

It is a perspective view which shows one Example of this invention. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of FIG. It is a top view of the tape in FIG. It is a figure for demonstrating the stress which generate | occur | produces in a crack part. Specimen (with sealing treatment) Specimen (no sealing treatment)

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Wall surface 2 Crack part 3 Sealing material 4 Base material 5 Tape 6 Ear part
7 Net fixed layer 8 Net 9 Top coat 10 Finish

Claims (3)

In the repair structure of the wall surface in which the repair composite layer is formed in the crack part of the wall surface,
The repair composite layer is a base material made of a coating material, a tape with an ear that forms an ear at both ends by attaching a tape having a width smaller than the width of the nonwoven fabric to the nonwoven fabric, a net, and a net fixing made of a coating material The tape part of the tape with ears is arranged in the part corresponding to the crack part, and the tape part prevents the base material from permeating, while the ear part is embedded with the base material. And the repair structure of the wall surface characterized by embed | buying the said net | network with the net fixed layer on the tape with an ear | edge. The coating material for forming the base material or the net fixing layer used in the repair composite layer is a polymer cement-based coating material having an emulsion resin amount of 10 to 100% with respect to the powder material. The wall surface repair structure described. The wall surface repair structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a tape portion of the ear tape is provided on a side opposite to the crack portion side of the ear tape.

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