JP4989224B2 - Dnaワクチン組成物およびその使用方法 - Google Patents
Dnaワクチン組成物およびその使用方法 Download PDFInfo
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Description
Berzofsky et al.,Developing Synthetic Peptide Vaccines for HIV−1,Vaccines 95,pps.135−142,1995 Cease and Berzofsky,Toward a Vaccine for AIDS:The Emergence of Immunobiology−Based Vaccine Design,Annual Review of Immunology,12:923−989 Berzofsky,Progress Toward Artificial Vaccines for HIV,Vaccines 92,pps.40−41,1992 Putkonen et al.,Immunization with Live attenuated SIVmac Cand Protect Macaques Against Mucosal Infection with SIVsm,Vaccines 96,pps.200−210,1996 Dimmock and Primrose Introduction to Modern Virology,Fourth Ed.,Blackwell Science,1994 Haaft et al.,Evidence of Circulating Pathogenic SIV Following Challenge of Macaques Vaccinated with Live Attenuated SIV,Vaccines 96,pps.219−224,1996
図1は、本発明のΔ4−SHIVku2DNA構築物(配列番号1)の略図である。本発明のDNAワクチンであるΔ4−SHIVku2DNA構築物(配列番号1)の構築を以下のように行う。本発明のワクチンのために使用したベクターは、pET−9aである。pET−9aの2.3kbのEcoRI/XmmIフラグメントを、約7.4kbの修飾SHIVku2プロウイルスゲノムおよびSV40の約0.5kbのポリアデニル化シグナル配列と置換して、中間ベクターを得る。EcoRIおよびNotI制限部位を、別の中間ベクター中の5’LTRおよびnef遺伝子の末端のすぐ上流に作製する。逆転写酵素(rt)、インテグラーゼ(int)、およびvifの遺伝子を、pro遺伝子の下流末端とvpx遺伝子の上流との間の約2.5kb DNAフラグメントの欠失によって消失させる。次いで、SHIVku2プロウイルスゲノムのエンベロープ(env)、nef、および3’LTRをコードする約3.8kbのヌクレオチド配列を、HIV−1のenvおよびnef遺伝子をコードする約3.2kbのEcoRV/NotI DNAフラグメントと置換する。SHIVku2中のSIVmac239のリーダー配列、gag、およびpro遺伝子をコードする約2.5kbのNarI/BstE II DNAフラグメントを、HIV−1のHIV−1リーダー配列、gag、およびproをコードする約2.4kbのNarI/BstE IIフラグメントと置換して、Δ4−SHIVku2DNA構築物(配列番号1)を得る。而して、本発明のワクチンの5’LTR、vpx、及びvprはSIVmac239に由来し、gag、pro、tat、rev、vpu、env、及びnefはHIV−1に由来する。本発明のDNAワクチンであるΔ4−SHIVku2DNAの好ましい実施形態の配列を、配列番号1と命名する。
本発明の機能的態様およびその使用に由来する実験結果を詳述する前に、以前のものの有効性との比較によって本発明の有効性を確立することが必要である。本発明のワクチン前およびその試験より以前には、以前のもののワクチンとしての有用性は知られていなかった。
実施例2に記載の実験はrt遺伝子および3’LTRを欠くDNAワクチンであるΔ2−SHIVku2DNAの有効性を示していたものの、本発明のワクチンであるΔ4−SHIVku2がワクチンとして有効であるかどうかは明らかではなかった。この不確定さは、本発明のワクチンであるΔ4−SHIVku2が4つの欠失(rt、int、vif、および3’LTR)を含み、各欠失はウイルスの感染性に重要なウイルスゲノムの一部に対応するという事実に由来する。ウイルスを非感染性にすること及び使用時の安全を目的として欠失させたが、生ウイルスよりもむしろDNAを使用するという事実に加えて、これらの4つの欠失により、ワクチンのHIV−1に対する防御付与を不可能とするかどうかは知られていなかった。驚くべきことに、本発明のウイルスは、異種SHIV89.6Pに対する防御の誘導において、実施例2の生ウイルスとの比較で記載したΔ2−SHIVku2DNAワクチンと同様に有効であることが証明された。
3’LTR配列の置換物としてのSV40ポリアデニル化配列の有用性を比較するために、更なる実験を行った。該実験は、V5実施形態であるインタクトな3’LTRを有するSHIVku2DNAワクチンと、SV40ポリアデニル化配列と置換された3’LTRを有するV6実施形態であるSHIVku2DNAワクチン(配列番号6)との、ベクターがコードするウイルスタンパク質を発現する能力の比較によって完遂された(V5およびV6実施形態は、特許出願番号10/279,992号(その全体が本明細書中で参考として援用される)に記載されている)。該2つのDNA分子の細胞内区画および細胞外区画中におけるウイルスタンパク質の発現についての性能を、トランスフェクトした初代ヒト繊維芽細胞細胞、ヒト胚腎臓上皮細胞株293、およびJurkat細胞中で比較した。発現の持続時間およびタンパク質の産生量ならびに翻訳後修飾および前駆タンパク質の切断についてもDNAを比較した。3’LTR欠失V6実施形態であるSHIVku2DNAワクチン構築物は、驚くべきことに、両LTRを有するV5実施形態であるSHIVku2DNAワクチンよりもウイルスタンパク質産生でより有効であると判断した。タンパク質産生の持続時間もまた、3’LTR欠失ワクチンにおいての方が長かった。免疫沈降分析により、3’LTR欠失により、gag前駆体の切断が迅速となり、細胞外区画に輸送されるp27の量が2倍となることが明らかとなった。まとめると、これらのデータは、3’LTRの欠失により宿主DNAへのウイルスゲノムの組み込みに関する懸念が軽減されるだけでなく、ウイルスタンパク質がより有効に発現することを示している。
次に、本発明のワクチンによって誘導される免疫応答を、サイトカイン(例えば、GM−CSF)DNAの同時投与によって増強することができるかどうかを確認するために研究を行った。BALB/Cマウスを、100μgのΔ4−SHIVku2DNAと25μgのマウスGM−CSF DNAとの混合物によって筋肉内を通じて免疫化した。注射を2週間間隔で2回行い、マウスを第2の免疫化から1週間後に屠殺した。脾細胞を、ELISPOT(商標)アッセイにおいて5群に分割したSIV Gagペプチドに対する応答について試験した。免疫化用量が低く、且つ組織サンプルを初期に採取したにも関わらず、CMI応答がピークになる前に、ワクチンDNAと共にGM−CSF DNAを投与された4頭全ての動物が、20〜40細胞/106脾細胞の範囲でELISPOT(商標)応答を示したのに対して、ワクチンDNAのみを投与された動物ではその50%しかこのような応答を示さなかった。注射部位に多数の単核球が集中したことによって証明されるように、GM−CSFが顕著な走化性効果を生じた。この効果は、さらに多くの抗原提示樹状細胞を注射部位に引き付け、該現象はDNAワクチンのみを投与された動物で示された。しかし、驚くべきことに、ワクチンDNAおよびGM−CSFの両方を投与されたマウスは、DNAワクチンのみを投与された動物よりも低いCMI力価を示した。すなわち、ワクチンのみによって生成されたウイルスタンパク質特異的ELISPOT(商標)陽性細胞数は、ワクチン+GM−CSFによって生成された細胞数より有意に多かった。活性化脾細胞を発生する注射被験体の数の増加が予防的または治療的に望ましい場合、Δ4−SHIVku2DNAワクチンとGM−CSFなどのサイトカインとの同時投与が望ましいであろうと結論づけられた。
本出願は、2003年9月16日提出の米国特許仮出願番号60/503,197号の利益を主張する。
政府の権利に関する記述。本発明は、NIH助成金番号1401830およびG1402500によって一部援助を受けた。合衆国政府は、本発明に権利を有し得る。
Claims (6)
- ヒト免疫不全ウイルス(HIV)のgag遺伝子、HIVのpro遺伝子、サル免疫不全ウイルス(SIV)のvpx遺伝子、SIVのvpr遺伝子、HIVのvpu遺伝子、HIVのnef遺伝子、HIVのtat遺伝子、HIVのenv遺伝子、HIVのrev遺伝子をコードするコード配列、および前記コード配列に作動可能に連結されたプロモーターを有する単離されたDNA分子を含有するDNA組成物であって、
前記コード配列がポリアデニル化配列に作動可能に連結され、前記DNA組成物が、機能的な逆転写酵素(rt)遺伝子、機能的なインテグラーゼ(int)遺伝子、および機能的なウイルス感染性因子(vif)遺伝子を含まず、免疫反応を刺激可能である、DNA組成物。 - 前記プロモーター配列が、SIVの5’長末端反復(5’LTR)である請求項1に記載のDNA組成物。
- 前記DNA分子が、機能的な3’長末端反復(3’LTR)も含まない、請求項1または2に記載のDNA組成物。
- 前記ポリアデニル化配列が、SV40のポリアデニル化配列である請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載のDNA組成物。
- 薬学的に許容可能な担体をさらに含む請求項1から4のいずれか1項に記載のDNA免疫原性組成物。
- 前記単離されたDNA分子が、配列番号1を含むものである請求項4に記載のDNA組成物。
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PCT/US2004/030512 WO2005027844A2 (en) | 2003-09-16 | 2004-09-16 | Dna vaccine compositions and methods of use |
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US8765140B2 (en) * | 2003-09-16 | 2014-07-01 | University Of Kansas Medical Center | DNA vaccine compositions with HIV/SIV gene modifications |
PT1880008E (pt) * | 2005-05-03 | 2015-08-27 | Inserm Inst Nat De La Santé Et De La Rech Médicale | Expressão de proteína mitocondrial através de uma abordagem alotópica melhorada |
US7585675B2 (en) * | 2005-11-15 | 2009-09-08 | University Of Kansas Medical Center | Inhibition of HIV and SHIV replication with antisense interleukin-4 |
FR2979919B1 (fr) * | 2011-09-12 | 2015-12-11 | Centre Nat Rech Scient | Genomes lentiviraux chimeriques non-integratifs comme vaccins innovants contre vih-1 |
WO2013126469A1 (en) * | 2012-02-21 | 2013-08-29 | Immunogenetix Therapeutics, Inc. | Chimeric dna vaccine compositions and methods of use |
KR20220047277A (ko) | 2019-07-16 | 2022-04-15 | 길리애드 사이언시즈, 인코포레이티드 | Hiv 백신, 및 이의 제조 및 사용 방법 |
EP4277652A1 (en) | 2021-01-14 | 2023-11-22 | Gilead Sciences, Inc. | Hiv vaccines and methods of using |
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CA2538840A1 (en) | 2005-03-31 |
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AU2004273965A1 (en) | 2005-03-31 |
BRPI0414442A (pt) | 2006-11-14 |
US20090233857A1 (en) | 2009-09-17 |
US8003113B2 (en) | 2011-08-23 |
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