JP4978837B2 - How to dismantle the tank - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for dismantling a tank for storing gas or liquid.

  Conventionally, a method for dismantling a tank that stores gas or liquid generally involves temporarily setting up a work scaffold around the tank, and then using this work scaffold, an operator cuts the tank body into small pieces, and the cut pieces are taken around the tank. The large-scale crane installed in the site is repeatedly dismantled and removed by repeating the large-scale work of hanging on the ground.

  Further, Patent Document 1 discloses an invention of a dismantling method that reduces a work at a high place in a conventional dismantling operation and sequentially cuts along a spiral line extending at a predetermined interval from a position in the vicinity of the center of the ceiling portion of the outer shell member. Is disclosed.

  Further, Patent Document 2 discloses an invention that does not require a scaffold and reduces work at a high place. In the present invention, dismantling is performed by dividing into an upper hemisphere portion located above the equator and a lower hemisphere portion located below, and a guide rail is installed along the side surface of the tank. This is a dismantling method in which an automatic cutting machine is operated to cut.

  Patent Document 3 discloses an invention that reduces work at high places and improves work efficiency. The present invention is a construction method in which a lower hemisphere portion and an upper hemisphere portion of a spherical tank main body are cut as inverted triangular cut pieces, fall down outward or inward by their own weight, and are suspended and dismantled on the ground.

JP-A-8-60893 JP-A-10-110543 JP-A-10-278993

  In the above conventional general dismantling method and Patent Documents 1 to 3, there is no particular device in the hanging work of the tank cutting piece, and the cutting piece is soft-landed (the impact at the time of landing on the cutting piece is eliminated or reduced, and the cutting is performed. It is troublesome to make the piece safely land on the ground, the foundation, the transfer device, etc.).

  Further, in the conventional general dismantling method and Patent Documents 1 to 3, there is no particular device in the work of hanging the cut pieces of the tank, and handling of the cut pieces after hanging is complicated. In particular, in Patent Document 3, since the cut piece is an elongated strip, the length of the line to be cut is long, and the handling of the strip is difficult.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a method for disassembling a tank that can easily soft land a cut piece of the tank. It is another object of the present invention to provide a method for disassembling a tank that allows easy handling of a cut piece after hanging down.

  The method for disassembling a tank according to claim 1 is a method for disassembling a tank in which a lower portion including a bottom portion of a tank main body for storing gas or liquid is constituted by a curved plate, and the tank main body is supported by a pedestal. A step of providing the curved plate with an outlet for taking out a cut piece at the upper part of the tank body, a step of suspending the cut piece obtained by cutting the upper part of the tank body through the tank body to a predetermined height, and a predetermined height. And hanging the cut piece along the curve of the inner wall surface of the curved plate, moving the cut piece to the take-out port, and taking it out from the take-out port.

  The tank disassembly method according to claim 2 is the tank disassembly method according to claim 1, wherein the step of providing the take-out port in the curved plate is such that an upper portion of a part of the curved plate is located on the tank body. It is a step of cutting and unfolding so that the lower end portion moves downward while being connected, the outlet is the lower end of the cut and unfolded portion, and the curve of the inner wall surface of the curved plate is the portion of the cut and unfolded portion It is characterized by a curve of the inner wall surface.

  The tank disassembly method according to claim 3 is the tank disassembly method according to claim 1, wherein the take-out port is provided by cutting out a part of the curved plate.

  The tank disassembling method according to claim 4 is the tank disassembling method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a transport device for transporting the cut pieces is disposed in the vicinity of the outlet. The cutting piece taken out from the outlet is directly placed on the conveying device.

  The tank disassembly method according to claim 5 is the tank disassembly method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the cut piece is a curved plate, and the suspended cut piece is curved. When following the curve of the inner wall surface of the plate, the curve of the cut piece and the curve of the inner wall surface of the curved plate are oriented in substantially the same direction.

  According to the tank disassembling method according to claim 1, the cut piece suspended to a predetermined height is moved along the curve of the inner wall surface of the curved plate and moved to the takeout port and taken out from the takeout port. Since the cut piece moves along the curve, the cut piece slowly moves to the take-out port from the predetermined height and is taken out from the take-out port. Compared to the case where the cut piece is lowered vertically. The cutting piece can be soft-landed from the take-out port to the ground, the foundation, the transfer device, etc. Furthermore, by moving inside the tank body, it can be safely suspended without being affected by strong winds.

  According to the method for disassembling a tank according to claim 2, since the upper part of the part of the curved plate is connected to the tank main body, the lower end part is cut and deployed so that the lower end part moves downward. Can be brought closer to the ground, foundation, or conveying device, and the cut piece can be soft-landed more easily.

  According to the method for disassembling the tank according to the third aspect, since the mouth after cutting out only a part of the curved plate becomes the outlet, the outlet can be easily formed.

  According to the method for disassembling a tank according to claim 4, by disposing a conveying device that conveys the cut piece in the vicinity of the outlet, and placing the cut piece taken out from the outlet directly on the conveying device, the cutting is performed. There is no need to place the piece separately on the conveying device, and the cut piece can be directly conveyed by the conveying device. Thereby, handling of the cut piece after hanging down becomes easy.

  According to the method for disassembling a tank according to claim 5, the cut piece is a curved plate, and when the suspended cut piece is caused to follow the curve of the inner wall surface of the curved plate, the curve of the cut piece is obtained. And the curve of the inner wall surface of the curved plate are oriented in substantially the same direction, the cut piece can be moved smoothly, and the soft landing of the cut piece can be made easier. Further, the cut piece is a curved plate, and when the suspended cut piece is made to follow the curve of the inner wall surface of the curved plate, the curve of the cut piece and the curve of the inner wall surface of the curved plate are substantially the same. By facing in the same direction, it is possible to align the direction of the curve of the cut piece after hanging, so it becomes easier to carry the cut piece, so handling of the cut piece after hanging is handled It becomes easy. Moreover, when the direction of the curve of the cut piece after hanging is the same, when a plurality of cut pieces are stacked, the cut pieces are easily stacked, so that handling such as storage of the cut pieces after hanging is facilitated.

  An example of an embodiment of a tank disassembly method according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 5. In this description, the case where the tank body is a spherical spherical tank will be described. However, the tank body is composed of a curved plate at the bottom including the bottom of the tank body for storing gas and liquid, and the tank body is formed by a pedestal. A supported tank may be used, and a portion above the curved plate (for example, a portion above the equator portion of the spherical tank body) may have a cylindrical shape or the like. The curved plate is a curved plate, and includes a hemispherical shell plate, a half-oval plate, or the like that is the upper or lower portion of the spherical tank body.

  The upper part of the tank body is a part (substantially upper half) above the equator of the spherical tank body in the spherical tank. The upper part of the tank body is a part above the curved plate of the tank body when the shape of the tank body is other than a spherical shape. The lower part of the tank body includes a bottom part of the tank body and is constituted by a curved plate. The lower part of the tank body is a part (substantially lower half) below the equator of the spherical tank body in the spherical tank.

  FIG. 1 is a first explanatory view showing a situation in which the upper part of the tank body is disassembled. FIG. 2 is a second explanatory view showing a situation in which the upper part of the tank body is disassembled. FIG. 3 is a third explanatory view showing a situation in which the upper part of the tank body is disassembled. FIG. 4 is a fourth explanatory view showing a situation in which the upper part of the tank body is disassembled.

  1 is a tank body, 1a is an upper part of the tank body, 1b is a curved plate at the lower part of the tank body, 1c is an equator part of the tank body, 2 is a crane, 3 is a zenith part including an upper nozzle (not shown), 4 is A lowermost part including a lower nozzle (not shown), 5 is a conveying device for conveying a cut piece, and 15 is a pedestal for supporting the tank body 1.

  In FIG. 1 to FIG. 4, some of the plurality of pedestals 15 that support the tank body 1 are omitted. Further, in FIGS. 1 to 4, the scaffolds necessary for the dismantling work of the tank body 1 and the workers working on the scaffolds are omitted.

  In the tank dismantling method, for example, a crane 2 is installed and dismantling work is performed.

  The transport device 5 is inserted below the tank body 1 in a state where the transport device 5 can travel, and is used for receiving a cut piece cut from the lowermost part 4 or the tank, and used for transport (transfer and transport). This conveyance apparatus 5 is comprised with a trolley, for example. It is desirable to use a turntable that can change its direction.

  As a first step, the zenith part 3 (size and shape can be determined as appropriate. Here, a circular shape) of the spherical tank body 1 is cut out and removed by the crane 2 to form a hole 1d (see FIG. 1). This first step may be unnecessary if cut pieces 7a, 8a and the like described later can be cut from the upper portion of the tank body 1a.

  As a second step, the lowermost portion 4 (size and shape can be determined as appropriate. Here, a circular shape) of the spherical tank body 1 is cut out to form a hole 1e (see FIG. 1). Further, the lowermost part 4 is carried on the carrying device 5. This second step may be unnecessary if a guide plate 6 described later can be formed.

  As a third step, the curved plate 1b is cut in the meridian direction from the hole 1e to the equator portion 1c, and the lower end portion 6b of this portion moves downward while the upper portion 6a of the cut portion is connected to the tank body 1. In this manner, the guide plate 6 is developed in the downward direction by expanding the portion so as to hang downward (see FIG. 2).

  The lower end portion 6b of the guide plate 6 corresponds to an outlet. The lower end 6b is also expressed as an outlet 6b.

  In order to cut and deploy the lower end portion 6b so that the lower end portion 6b moves downward while the upper portion 6a of a part of the curved plate 1b is connected to the tank body, the outlet 6b is brought closer to the ground, foundation, transfer device, etc. below the tank. The cut pieces 7a and 8a can be soft-landed more easily. In the case of the above-described cutting and unfolding, the lowermost part of the tank is at a high position, and this is particularly effective when the distance between the ground, the foundation, the transfer device and the like and the lower part of the tank body is separated.

  In the second step and the third step, the curved plate 1b is provided with an outlet 6b for taking out the upper cut piece of the tank body 1 that has been suspended. More specifically, in the second step and the third step, cutting and unfolding are performed so that the lower end portion 6b moves downward while the upper portion 6a of a part of the curved plate 1b is connected to the tank body 1 ( That is, a guide plate is formed in the second step and the third step). Here, the cut and developed part (a part of the curved plate 1 b) corresponds to the guide plate 6. Here, the cutting includes cutting the lowermost part 4 and making a cut in the bent plate 1b.

  The shape of the guide plate 6 is substantially band-shaped (including band-shaped) because the cut is made in the substantially meridian direction (including the meridian direction and the vertical direction) (see FIG. 5). An inverted triangular shape may be used. The guide plate 6 may have any shape as long as the guide plate 6 has a certain width, and can be any shape as long as the guide plate 6 can be hung down along the curve of the guide plate 6.

  In addition, if the outlet 6 for taking out the cutting piece of the upper part of the tank main body 1 can be provided in the curved board 1b, specifically, the upper part of the one part part of the curved board 1b will be connected with the tank main body 1. FIG. The second step may be omitted if the lower end 6b can be cut and expanded so as to move downward. In the case where the second step is omitted, a cut having a predetermined shape is made in the third step (for example, a cut is made from the lowermost part of the curved plate 1b to the equator portion 1c), that is, cut and developed into a predetermined shape. Thus, the guide plate 6 is formed.

  In addition, the conveyance apparatus 5 is arrange | positioned in the vicinity of the take-out port 6b (here, the position of the take-out port 6b).

  As a fourth step, the cut pieces 7a, 8a obtained by cutting the upper part of the tank body 1 are suspended to a predetermined height through the tank body 1, and as a fifth step, the cut pieces 7a, 8a suspended to a predetermined height are used. Then, it is suspended along the curve of the inner wall surface of the curved plate 1b (guide plate 6), moved to the outlet 6b and taken out from the outlet 6b (that is, passed through the outlet 6b). (See FIGS. 3 and 4). The operations of the fourth step and the fifth step are sequentially repeated, and the upper part of the tank body 1 is disassembled.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the upper upper plate 7 of the tank body 1 is cut into a predetermined size, and a cut piece 7a (because the tank body is spherical, it becomes a curved plate. The cut piece 7a is suspended to the predetermined height through the inside of the tank body 1 by the crane 2 and the cut piece 7a suspended to the predetermined height is suspended along the guide plate 6. It moves to the take-out port 6b, takes out from the take-out port 6b, and lands on the transfer device 5 (that is, directly put on the transfer device 5). This is sequentially repeated to disassemble the upper upper plate 7 of the tank body 1.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the lower upper plate 8 of the tank body 1 is cut to a predetermined size, and a cut piece 8a (a curved plate because the tank body is spherical. The cut piece 8a is suspended to the predetermined height through the inside of the tank body 1 by the crane 2 and the cut piece 8a suspended to the predetermined height is suspended along the guide plate 6. It moves to the take-out port 6b, takes out from the take-out port 6b, and lands on the transfer device 5 (that is, directly put on the transfer device 5). This is sequentially repeated to disassemble the lower upper plate 8 of the tank body 1.

  By suspending the cut pieces 7a, 8a through the inside of the tank body 1, the cut pieces 7a, 8a are protected by the tank body 1 and the influence of wind can be reduced. The cut pieces 7a and 8a can be safely suspended. In addition, by hanging the cut pieces 7a and 8a through the inside of the tank body 1, it is not necessary to hang the cut pieces 7a and 8a with the crane 2, for example, and move them outside the tank body 1. Even if there is no working area, dismantling work is possible. This can also be said in the modified example described later.

  Since the cut pieces 7a, 8a move along the curve by hanging down along the curve of the inner wall surface of the curved plate 1b and moving to the outlet 6b and taking out the cut pieces 7a, 8a from the outlet 6b, Since the cut pieces 7a, 8a move slowly to the take-out port 6b from the predetermined height and are taken out from the take-out port 6b, the take-out port 6b is simpler than when the cut pieces 7a, 8a are lowered vertically. The cut pieces can be soft-landed from the ground to the ground, foundation, transport device, etc. Moreover, since the curve of the inner wall surface of the curved plate 1b is used, the curved plate 1b itself can be used, and it is economical because it is not necessary to prepare other materials for providing the curve. These are also true for the modifications described later.

  Further, by moving the cutting pieces 7a and 8a along the curve of the inner wall surface of the curved plate 1b, the movement of the cutting pieces 7a and 8a (for example, movement due to an earthquake or the like) can be restricted. When following the curve of the inner wall surface of the curved plate 1b, it is possible to reduce the risk of the cut pieces 7a, 8a moving unexpectedly due to natural disasters such as an earthquake. This can also be said in the modified example described later.

  Here, when the suspended cut pieces 7a, 8a are made to follow the curve of the inner wall surface of the curved plate 1b (the curve of the inner wall surface of the guide plate 6), the cut pieces 7a, 8a as shown in FIGS. And the curve of the inner wall surface of the curved plate 1b (the curve of the inner wall surface of the guide plate 6) are preferably oriented in substantially the same direction. Thereby, the cut pieces 7a and 8a can be moved smoothly, and the soft landing of the cut pieces 7a and 8a can be made easier. Further, the cut pieces 7a and 8a are curved plates, and when the suspended cut pieces 7a and 8a are made to follow the curve of the inner wall surface of the curved plate 6b, the curves of the cut pieces 7a and 8a and the curved plate 1b are used. Since the curve of the inner wall surface is oriented in substantially the same direction, it is possible to align the direction of the curve of the cut pieces 7a, 8a after hanging down, so that the transfer of the cut pieces 7a, 8a becomes easy. The handling of the cut pieces 7a, 8a after hanging is facilitated. Further, when the cut pieces 7a, 8a after hanging are in the same direction of the curve, when a plurality of the cut pieces 7a, 8a are stacked, the cut pieces 7a, 8a are easily stacked. The handling of 8a becomes easy. These are also true for the modifications described later.

  The conveying device 5 that conveys the cut pieces 7a and 8a is disposed near the take-out port 6b, and the cut pieces 7a and 8a taken out from the take-out port 6b are placed directly on the carry device 5 so that the cut pieces 7a and 8a are conveyed. There is no need to place it separately on 5, and the cut pieces 7 a and 8 a can be directly conveyed by the conveying device 5. By adopting a turntable that can freely change its direction, the transport device 5 improves the workability of alignment and movement. Thereby, handling, such as loading and carrying of the cut piece after hanging down, becomes easy. This can also be said in the modified example described later.

  For example, when the cutting pieces 7 a and 8 a are suspended to a predetermined height by the crane 2, the worker can make the direction in the substantially same direction.

  Also, the direction of the substantially same direction is directed to the direction in the horizontal cross section of the tank body 1 before cutting the cut pieces 7a, 8a (for example, the east direction when the tank body is viewed from above) when the tank body is spherical. The direction of the guide plate 6 in the horizontal cross section of the tank main body 1 (for example, the east direction when the tank main body is viewed from above) is substantially the same direction, and the crane 2 of the cut pieces 7a, 8a when the cut pieces 7a, 8a are cut. This is possible by hanging the upper part. It should be noted that the direction of the cut pieces 7a and 8a does not change during the suspension.

  The predetermined height corresponds to, for example, the position (including the vicinity) of the curve of the inner wall surface of the curved plate 1b (the curve of the inner wall surface of the guide plate 6).

  In addition, by providing a plurality of guide plates 6, the guide plates 6 can easily direct the curves of the cut pieces 7a and 8a and the curve of the inner wall surface of the curved plate 1b (the curve of the inner wall surface of the guide plate 6) in substantially the same direction. Since the cut pieces 7a and 8a can be made to follow the curve of the inner wall surface of the curved plate 1b (guide plate 6), the curve of the cut pieces 7a and 8a and the curve of the inner wall surface of the curved plate 1b are substantially omitted. It becomes easy to turn to the same direction. Moreover, since it will suffice if the cutting pieces 7a, 8a are moved to the nearby guide plate 6, the moving distance of the cutting pieces 7a, 8a can be shortened and the work effort of the crane 2 can be reduced.

  FIG. 5 is a first explanatory view showing a situation in which the lower part of the tank body is disassembled. In FIG. 5, some of the plurality of pedestals 15 that support the tank body 1 are omitted. Further, the scaffolding necessary for the dismantling work of the spherical tank body 1 and the workers working on the scaffolding are omitted. In FIG. 5, four guide plates 6 are provided in the east, west, south, and north directions (the east, west, south, and north directions when the tank body 1 is viewed from above) in the horizontal cross section of the tank body 1 (the guide plates in the north direction are not visible. ).

  As a sixth step after dismantling the upper part of the tank body 1, the lower guide plate 6 of the tank body 1 is disassembled. Specifically, the guide plate 6 is sequentially cut from below such as cut pieces 60 a, 60 b, 60 c... (See FIG. 5), and is transported by the transport device 5.

A modification of the outlet will be described below.
The outlet for taking out the cut pieces 7a, 8a, etc. may be provided by cutting out a part of the curved plate 1b. That is, without forming the guide plate 6 as described above, for example, the hole 1e formed by cutting out the lowermost portion 4 of the curved plate 1b in the second step may be used as the outlet. In this case, the outlet corresponds to the hole 1e. Naturally, the size of the hole 1e is set such that the cut pieces 7a, 8a and the like can be taken out, that is, passed through. In this modified example, the third step and the sixth step are not necessary. Further, in this modification, in the fourth step and the fifth step, the curve of the inner wall surface of the curved plate 1b is not the curve of the guide plate 6, but the remaining curved plate 1b after cutting a part of the curved plate 1b. It becomes the curve of the inner wall surface.

  This modification is effective when, for example, the lowermost portion of the curved plate 1b of the tank body is located at a position close to the ground, the foundation, or the transfer device. That is, this modified example is effective when the hole 1e (extraction port) provided by cutting out a part of the curved plate 1b is located at a position close to the ground, the foundation, the transfer device, or the like.

  In this modification, since the outlet (hole 1e) after cutting out only a part of the curved plate 1b becomes the outlet, the outlet can be easily formed. This facilitates dismantling of the tank body. Further, in this modified example, the sixth step is not necessary, so that the lower part of the tank body can be easily disassembled.

  In this modified example, the cut pieces 7a and 8a to be hung down are protected from the wind by the tank body 1 from passing through the inside of the tank body 1 to the outlet (hole 1e), so that the guide plate 6 is formed. The cut pieces 7a and 8a can be suspended more safely than the above.

  In this modification, the guide plate 6 corresponds to the remaining portion obtained by cutting out a part of the curved plate 1b, and the inner wall surface of the remaining portion and all 360 degrees are used as the curve of the inner wall surface of the curved plate 1b. Since it is possible, it is easy to select an inner wall surface in which the direction of the curve of the cut pieces 7a, 8a (in the case of a curved plate) and the direction of the curve of the inner wall surface of the curved plate 1b are the same, 7a, 8a, etc. ) And the curve of the inner wall surface of the curved plate 1b are easily oriented in substantially the same direction. Further, when moving these 7a, 8a, etc., the guide plate 6 corresponds to the remaining part of the curved plate 1b cut out, and the inner wall surface of the remaining part of the curved plate 1b is all 360 degrees. Since it can be used as a curve of the inner wall surface, the working distance of the crane 2 can be reduced by shortening the moving distance of the cutting pieces 7a, 8a.

  In the present embodiment and the modification, the operation of cutting the tank body, such as cutting of a cut piece or cutting a cut, is performed by, for example, gas cutting or the like by a working robot or a worker on a scaffold (not shown).

  The tank disassembly method of the present invention is suitable when the work place is small and a large crane cannot be used, and it is safe and efficient in work using a small crane and a transport device with good operability. It can be dismantled and is not limited to the above-described embodiments and modifications, and various modifications are made to the embodiments and modifications as long as they do not depart from the gist of the present invention. Can be adopted.

It is 1st explanatory drawing which shows the condition which disassembles the upper part of a tank main body. It is a 2nd explanatory view showing the situation where the upper part of a tank body is disassembled. It is a 3rd explanatory view which shows the condition which disassembles the upper part of a tank main body. It is the 4th explanatory view showing the situation where the upper part of a tank body is disassembled. It is 1st explanatory drawing which shows the condition which disassembles the lower part of a tank main body.

Explanation of symbols

1 Tank body
1a Upper part of tank body
1b Curved plate at the bottom of the tank
1c Equator of tank
1d hole
1e hole (extraction port)
2 crane
3 Zenith part including upper nozzle
4 Bottom part including lower nozzle
5 Transport device
6 Guide plate
6a Upper part of the cut
6b Lower end (outlet)
7 Upper plate
7a Cutting piece
8 Lower upper plate
8a Cutting piece
15 pedestal
60a, 60b, 60c

Claims (5)

  A method for disassembling a tank in which a lower portion including a bottom portion of a tank main body for storing gas or liquid is formed of a curved plate and the tank main body is supported by a pedestal, and for removing a cut piece on the upper portion of the suspended tank main body. A step of suspending the cut piece cut from the upper portion of the tank body to a predetermined height through the inside of the tank main body, and a step of hanging the cut piece suspended to the predetermined height inside the curved plate. A tank dismantling method comprising: hanging down along a curve of the wall surface, moving to the take-out port, and taking out from the take-out port.   2. The method of disassembling a tank according to claim 1, wherein the step of providing the take-out port in the curved plate is cut so that the upper end of a part of the curved plate is connected to the tank body and the lower end moves downward. The tank is characterized in that the tank is a step of expanding, wherein the outlet is a lower end portion of the cut and developed part, and a curve of the inner wall surface of the curved plate is a curve of the inner wall surface of the cut and developed part. Dismantling method.   2. The method for disassembling a tank according to claim 1, wherein the take-out port is provided by cutting out a part of the curved plate.   4. The tank disassembly method according to claim 1, wherein a transport device that transports the cut piece is disposed near the take-out port, and the cut piece taken out from the take-out port is directly placed on the transport device. A method for disassembling a tank characterized by the above.   5. The tank disassembly method according to claim 1, wherein the cut piece is a curved plate, and when the suspended cut piece is caused to follow the curve of the inner wall surface of the curved plate, A tank disassembling method, wherein the curve of the cut piece and the curve of the inner wall surface of the curved plate are oriented in substantially the same direction.

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