JP4975154B2 - Water-mixed fuel and method for producing the same - Google Patents

Water-mixed fuel and method for producing the same Download PDF

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JP4975154B2
JP4975154B2 JP2010213072A JP2010213072A JP4975154B2 JP 4975154 B2 JP4975154 B2 JP 4975154B2 JP 2010213072 A JP2010213072 A JP 2010213072A JP 2010213072 A JP2010213072 A JP 2010213072A JP 4975154 B2 JP4975154 B2 JP 4975154B2
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mixed fuel
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oxide powder
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JP2012067188A (en
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俊郎 福田
利信 重松
英樹 嶋田
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MARINEX CORPORATION
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
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    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
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    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
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    • C10L2200/00—Components of fuel compositions
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    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L2200/00—Components of fuel compositions
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    • C10L2200/0204—Metals or alloys
    • C10L2200/0213—Group II metals: Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Ra, Zn, Cd, Hg
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    • C10L2200/00—Components of fuel compositions
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    • C10L2200/0204—Metals or alloys
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    • C10L2230/00—Function and purpose of a components of a fuel or the composition as a whole
    • C10L2230/04—Catalyst added to fuel stream to improve a reaction
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
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    • C10L2250/00—Structural features of fuel components or fuel compositions, either in solid, liquid or gaseous state
    • C10L2250/06—Particle, bubble or droplet size
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L2270/00—Specifically adapted fuels
    • C10L2270/02—Specifically adapted fuels for internal combustion engines
    • C10L2270/023—Specifically adapted fuels for internal combustion engines for gasoline engines
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L2270/00—Specifically adapted fuels
    • C10L2270/02—Specifically adapted fuels for internal combustion engines
    • C10L2270/026—Specifically adapted fuels for internal combustion engines for diesel engines, e.g. automobiles, stationary, marine

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Description

本発明は、燃料油と水とを混合した水混合燃料およびその製造方法に関する。   The present invention relates to a water-mixed fuel obtained by mixing fuel oil and water and a method for producing the same.

燃料内に水が混入するとエンジンの出力が低下することは古くから知られている。一方で、水を燃焼させる研究もなされており、例えば非特許文献１には水とマグネシウムを反応させることで熱エネルギーを得ることができるエンジンが開示されている。また、燃料油に水と界面活性剤を添加したエマルジョン燃料の開発も行われている（例えば特許文献１〜３参照。）。   It has long been known that the output of an engine is reduced when water is mixed into the fuel. On the other hand, research on burning water has also been conducted. For example, Non-Patent Document 1 discloses an engine capable of obtaining thermal energy by reacting water with magnesium. In addition, an emulsion fuel in which water and a surfactant are added to fuel oil has been developed (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 to 3).

特開２００１−３４８５７９号公報JP 2001-348579 A 特開２０００−２６３０６２号公報JP 2000-263062 A 特開平６−３４６０７１号公報JP-A-6-346071

“てんけんくんのオモシロ新技術４『ＭＡＧＩＣエンジン』〜循環型クリーンエネルギーシステム”，整備 ｉｎ Ｔｏｋｙｏ ２００６年７月号，［online］，ＴＯＳＳＮＥＴ，［平成２２年９月１５日検索］，インターネット＜ＵＲＬ：http://tossnet.or.jp/staticContents/public_html/mtou_tokyoweb/gallery/2006/omosiro200607.pdf＞“Tenken-kun's New Technology 4“ MAGIC Engine ”-Recyclable Clean Energy System”, Maintenance in Tokyo 2006 July issue, [online], TOSNET, [searched on September 15, 2010], Internet <URL : Http://tossnet.or.jp/staticContents/public_html/mtou_tokyoweb/gallery/2006/omosiro200607.pdf>

本発明は、上記従来の方法とは全く別のアプローチで燃料油と水とを混合した水混合燃料およびその製造方法を提供することを目的とする。   An object of the present invention is to provide a water-mixed fuel obtained by mixing fuel oil and water by a completely different approach from the above-described conventional method and a method for producing the same.

本発明の水混合燃料は、燃料油と、水と、金属酸化物の粉末とを含むものである。また、本発明の水混合燃料の製造方法は、燃料油と、水と、金属酸化物の粉末とを混合することを特徴とする。本発明の水混合燃料によれば、金属酸化物の粉末が触媒となって水の活性化エネルギーが下がり、燃料油とともに燃焼するようになる。   The water-mixed fuel of the present invention contains fuel oil, water, and metal oxide powder. The method for producing a water-mixed fuel of the present invention is characterized in that fuel oil, water, and metal oxide powder are mixed. According to the water-mixed fuel of the present invention, the metal oxide powder serves as a catalyst to reduce the activation energy of the water and combust with the fuel oil.

水をエネルギーとするためには、水を水素と酸素に分解し、水素を爆発させることが必要となるが、水を分解するには、基底状態から遷移状態に励起するための活性化エネルギーを与える必要がある。この活性化エネルギーは以下のアレニウスの式によって表現される。

Figure 0004975154
In order to use water as energy, it is necessary to decompose water into hydrogen and oxygen and explode hydrogen. Need to give. This activation energy is expressed by the following Arrhenius equation.
Figure 0004975154

この活性化エネルギーは、触媒による反応定数や頻度因子のコントロールによって値が変わる。一方、水素の爆発エネルギーは約２５０ｋＪ／ｍｏｌ（〜５０００℃）である。つまり、水が水素と酸素に分解するエネルギーをＥ1とし、爆発エネルギーをＥ2とすると、Ｅ1＜Ｅ2の不等式が成り立つ。本発明の水混合燃料では、金属酸化物の粉末が触媒となることにより、この水の活性化エネルギーＥ1を下げることができる。 This activation energy varies depending on the reaction constant and frequency factor controlled by the catalyst. On the other hand, the explosion energy of hydrogen is about 250 kJ / mol (˜5000 ° C.). In other words, if E 1 is the energy at which water decomposes into hydrogen and oxygen, and E 2 is the explosion energy, then the inequality E 1 <E 2 holds. In the water-mixed fuel of the present invention, the activation energy E 1 of the water can be lowered by using the metal oxide powder as a catalyst.

ここで、金属酸化物の粉末は、酸化チタン、酸化マグネシウムや酸化ナトリウム等を用いることが可能である。   Here, titanium oxide, magnesium oxide, sodium oxide, or the like can be used as the metal oxide powder.

また、金属酸化物の粉末は粒径１０μｍ以下であることが望ましい。粒径１０μｍ以下であることにより、水混合燃料中の水と金属酸化物とが十分に接触し、触媒として高効率で機能するようになる。また、粒径１０μｍ以下であることにより、この水混合燃料を燃焼させる原動機内を傷つけることを防止することができる。なお、粒径１０μｍ超の場合には触媒の機能が低下する。   The metal oxide powder preferably has a particle size of 10 μm or less. When the particle size is 10 μm or less, the water in the water-mixed fuel and the metal oxide are sufficiently in contact with each other and function as a catalyst with high efficiency. Further, when the particle diameter is 10 μm or less, it is possible to prevent the inside of the prime mover that burns the water-mixed fuel from being damaged. When the particle size exceeds 10 μm, the function of the catalyst is lowered.

（１）燃料油と、水と、金属酸化物の粉末とを含む水混合燃料によれば、金属酸化物の粉末が触媒となって水の活性化エネルギーが下がり、燃料油とともに燃焼するようになるので、水をエネルギーとして利用することが可能となる。
（２）金属酸化物の粉末が粒径１０μｍ以下であることにより、水混合燃料中の水と金属酸化物とが十分に接触し、触媒として高効率で機能するようになり、燃焼効率が向上する。また、水混合燃料を燃焼させる原動機内を傷つけることを防止することができる。 (1) According to the water-mixed fuel containing fuel oil, water, and metal oxide powder, the metal oxide powder serves as a catalyst so that the activation energy of the water decreases and burns with the fuel oil. Therefore, water can be used as energy.
(2) Since the metal oxide powder has a particle size of 10 μm or less, the water in the water-mixed fuel and the metal oxide are in sufficient contact, functioning as a catalyst with high efficiency, and improving combustion efficiency. To do. Further, it is possible to prevent the inside of the prime mover that burns the water-mixed fuel from being damaged.

水混合燃料中の水を０．０４〜１．００ｗｔ％とし、酸化チタン粉末を０．０２ｗｔ％，０．０４ｗｔ％，０．０６％とした場合の実験結果のグラフを示す図である。It is a figure which shows the graph of an experimental result when water in a water mixed fuel is 0.04-1.00 wt%, and a titanium oxide powder is 0.02 wt%, 0.04 wt%, 0.06%. 水混合燃料中の水を０．０４〜１．００ｗｔ％とし、酸化チタン粉末を０．０８ｗｔ％，０．１０ｗｔ％，０．１２％とした場合の実験結果のグラフを示す図である。It is a figure which shows the graph of an experimental result when water in a water-mixed fuel is 0.04-1.00 wt%, and a titanium oxide powder is 0.08 wt%, 0.10 wt%, 0.12%. 水混合燃料中の水を０．０４〜１．００ｗｔ％とし、酸化チタン粉末を０．１４ｗｔ％，０．１６ｗｔ％，０．１８％とした場合の実験結果のグラフを示す図である。It is a figure which shows the graph of an experimental result at the time of making water in a water-mixed fuel into 0.04-1.00 wt% and making a titanium oxide powder into 0.14 wt%, 0.16 wt%, 0.18%.

本発明の実施の形態における水混合燃料は、燃料油と水と金属酸化物の粉末とを混合することにより製造する。燃料油としては、軽油やガソリン等を使用することができる。また、金属酸化物の粉末としては、酸化チタン、酸化マグネシウムや酸化ナトリウム等を乳鉢等ですり潰して粒径１０μｍ以下の粉末としたものを使用することができる。なお、水混合燃料中の水は０．０４〜１．００ｗｔ％、金属酸化物は０．０２〜０．１４ｗｔ％となるようにする。   The water-mixed fuel in the embodiment of the present invention is manufactured by mixing fuel oil, water, and metal oxide powder. As fuel oil, light oil, gasoline, or the like can be used. Further, as the metal oxide powder, it is possible to use a powder having a particle size of 10 μm or less by grinding titanium oxide, magnesium oxide, sodium oxide or the like with a mortar or the like. The water content in the water-mixed fuel is 0.04 to 1.00 wt%, and the metal oxide is 0.02 to 0.14 wt%.

この水混合燃料をディーゼルエンジンやガソリンエンジン等の原動機やボイラ等の燃料油として使用すれば、金属酸化物の粉末が触媒となって水の活性化エネルギーが下がり、燃料油とともに燃焼し、水をエネルギーとして利用することができる。また、金属酸化物の粉末の粒径は１０μｍ以下であるため、原動機内を傷つけることもない。   If this water-mixed fuel is used as a fuel oil for diesel engines, gasoline engines, or other prime movers or boilers, the metal oxide powder acts as a catalyst to reduce the activation energy of the water and burn with the fuel oil, It can be used as energy. Further, since the particle size of the metal oxide powder is 10 μm or less, the inside of the prime mover is not damaged.

上記本発明の実施の形態における水混合燃料についてエンジン効率の測定実験を行った。本実施例における水混合燃料は、軽油１リットルに対して所定量の水を投入し、スターラーで攪拌し、さらに金属酸化物としての酸化チタンを乳鉢ですり潰して粉末化したものを所定量投入し、攪拌することにより製造した。また、比較例として酸化チタンを混合せずに、水のみを混合した水混合燃料を使用した。   An engine efficiency measurement experiment was conducted on the water-mixed fuel according to the embodiment of the present invention. The water-mixed fuel in this embodiment is charged with a predetermined amount of water per liter of light oil, stirred with a stirrer, and further ground with titanium oxide as a metal oxide in a mortar and powdered. , Produced by stirring. Further, as a comparative example, a water mixed fuel in which only water was mixed without mixing titanium oxide was used.

なお、エンジン効率の測定は、実車両の加速度を測定することにより行った。

Figure 0004975154
より、加速度はエンジンの出力と比例関係にある。ｍは単なる質量ではなく、エンジンの出力効率や摩擦などを含む合成質量である。したがって、加速度を測定することにより、エンジン出力に比例した量を測定したことになる。ただし、測定値は絶対値ではなく、相対値となる。 The engine efficiency was measured by measuring the acceleration of the actual vehicle.
Figure 0004975154
Therefore, the acceleration is proportional to the engine output. m is not a mere mass, but a synthetic mass including engine output efficiency and friction. Therefore, by measuring the acceleration, an amount proportional to the engine output is measured. However, the measured value is not an absolute value but a relative value.

計測方法は、以下の手順による。
（１）実車両のディーゼルエンジンに燃料を投入。
（２）ローギアでアクセルベタ踏みの条件で加速度を測定。
（３）燃料を抜く。
（４）無添加の軽油を投入し、暖気運転。
（５）燃料を抜く。
（６）水混合燃料の条件を変えて、（１）〜（５）を繰り返し。 The measurement method is as follows.
(1) Fuel is supplied to the diesel engine of the actual vehicle.
(2) Acceleration is measured under conditions of accelerator pedaling with low gear.
(3) Drain the fuel.
(4) Add additive-free diesel oil and warm up operation.
(5) Drain the fuel.
(6) Repeat the steps (1) to (5) while changing the conditions of the water-mixed fuel.

実験結果を図１〜図３に示す。図１は水混合燃料中の水を０．０４〜１．００ｗｔ％とし、酸化チタン粉末を０．０２ｗｔ％，０．０４ｗｔ％，０．０６％とした場合の実験結果のグラフを示す図、図２は水混合燃料中の水を０．０４〜１．００ｗｔ％とし、酸化チタン粉末を０．０８ｗｔ％，０．１０ｗｔ％，０．１２％とした場合の実験結果のグラフを示す図、図３は水混合燃料中の水を０．０４〜１．００ｗｔ％とし、酸化チタン粉末を０．１４ｗｔ％，０．１６ｗｔ％，０．１８％とした場合の実験結果のグラフを示す図である。また、比較例として図１〜図３に水のみを混合した水混合燃料の実験結果を示している。   The experimental results are shown in FIGS. FIG. 1 is a graph showing experimental results when water in a water-mixed fuel is 0.04 to 1.00 wt% and titanium oxide powder is 0.02 wt%, 0.04 wt%, and 0.06%; FIG. 2 is a graph showing experimental results when water in the water-mixed fuel is 0.04 to 1.00 wt% and titanium oxide powder is 0.08 wt%, 0.10 wt%, 0.12%, FIG. 3 is a graph showing experimental results when water in the water-mixed fuel is 0.04 to 1.00 wt% and titanium oxide powder is 0.14 wt%, 0.16 wt%, and 0.18%. is there. Moreover, the experimental result of the water mixed fuel which mixed only water is shown in FIGS. 1-3 as a comparative example.

図１に示すように、本実施例の水混合燃料では、酸化チタン粉末が０．０２〜０．０６ｗｔ％の場合には、水が０．２〜１．００ｗｔ％の範囲でほぼ水のみを混合した比較例の水混合燃料よりも加速度が高くなっており、エンジンの出力向上が確認できた。また、図２に示すように、本実施例の水混合燃料では、酸化チタン粉末が０．０８〜０．１２ｗｔ％の場合には、水のみを混合した比較例の水混合燃料よりも加速度が高くなり、エンジンの出力向上が見込めるが、水の含有量によっては比較例よりも出力が低下することがあった。   As shown in FIG. 1, in the water-mixed fuel of this example, when the titanium oxide powder is 0.02 to 0.06 wt%, the water is almost in the range of 0.2 to 1.00 wt%. The acceleration was higher than that of the mixed water-mixed fuel of Comparative Example, and it was confirmed that the engine output was improved. Further, as shown in FIG. 2, in the water mixed fuel of this example, when the titanium oxide powder was 0.08 to 0.12 wt%, the acceleration was higher than that of the water mixed fuel of the comparative example in which only water was mixed. The engine output can be expected to improve, but the output may be lower than that of the comparative example depending on the water content.

また、図３に示すように、本実施例の水混合燃料では、酸化チタン粉末が０．１４ｗｔ％の場合には、水の含有量によっては水のみを混合した比較例の水混合燃料よりも加速度が高くなることが確認できたが、酸化チタン粉末が０．１６ｗｔ％，０．１８ｗｔ％の場合は比較例の水混合燃料の加速度以下となり、エンジンの出力向上は見られなかった。   Further, as shown in FIG. 3, in the water-mixed fuel of this example, when the titanium oxide powder is 0.14 wt%, depending on the water content, the water-mixed fuel of the comparative example in which only water is mixed is used. Although it was confirmed that the acceleration was high, when the titanium oxide powder was 0.16 wt% and 0.18 wt%, the acceleration was lower than the acceleration of the water-mixed fuel of the comparative example, and the engine output was not improved.

本発明の水混合燃料およびその製造方法は、ディーゼルエンジンやガソリンエンジン等の原動機やボイラ等の燃料油およびその製造方法として有用である。   The water-mixed fuel and the production method thereof of the present invention are useful as a fuel oil for a prime mover such as a diesel engine or a gasoline engine, a boiler, or the like, and a production method thereof.

Claims (2)

軽油と、０．２〜１．０ｗｔ％の水と、０．０２〜０．０６ｗｔ％の酸化チタンの粉末とからなるディーゼルエンジン用水混合燃料。 Light oil and, 0.2~1.0wt% of water and, 0.02~0.06wt% powdered diesel engine water mixed fuel consisting of titanium oxide. 軽油と、０．２〜１．０ｗｔ％の水と、０．０２〜０．０６ｗｔ％の酸化チタンの粉末とを混合することを特徴とするディーゼルエンジン用水混合燃料の製造方法。 And light oil, and 0.2～1.0Wt% of water, a manufacturing method of water blended fuel for diesel engines, which comprises mixing a powder of 0.02～0.06Wt% of titanium oxide.
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