JP4972436B2 - Polyhedron processing method and processing holding device thereof - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a polyhedron processing and holding device and a processing method having side surfaces connected to a horizontal upper surface and a lower surface at the same predetermined angle.

  In general, as a means for processing a polyhedron, after forming a workpiece having a shape approximate to a desired polyhedron in advance by an appropriate forming method such as cutting and polishing of a processing material or extrusion molding, each surface of the polyhedron is finished. It is configured to be finished as a finished polyhedron. The processing of each surface of the polyhedron is performed by a vertical rotary grinding machine that processes a rotated processing member from above the processing surface, a sun gear disposed in the center, an internal gear disposed on the outer periphery, the sun gear, A double-sided machine that has a carrier that rotates and revolves around the sun gear by rotation of an internal gear, and that processes both upper and lower surfaces by a lower processing surface plate and an upper processing surface plate that rotates in a direction opposite to the lower processing surface plate. A method using a processing apparatus such as the above is known (see, for example, Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2).

  By the way, in recent years, in a power generation device using sunlight, a concentrating solar power generation device is used instead of a panel type solar power generation device that performs solar power generation by inclining a panel on which a plurality of solar cells are arranged at a predetermined angle. (See, for example, Patent Document 3). In this concentrating solar power generation device, a polyhedron (pyramidal frustum shape) having side surfaces connected to the horizontal upper surface and the lower surface at the same predetermined angle is formed between the condensing lens and the solar cell. A homogenizer is disposed, the sunlight converged by the condenser lens is incident on the homogenizer, and the incident light is totally reflected in the homogenizer and irradiated with the homogenized light. Thereby, it becomes possible to perform about 2.6 times the power generation as compared with the panel type solar power generation device.

  When manufacturing a polyhedron having side surfaces connected to the upper surface and the lower surface at a predetermined angle like the above homogenizer, a dedicated processing apparatus is formed after forming a workpiece having a shape approximated to a desired polyhedron by an appropriate molding method. However, there is a problem that it is not versatile and economically disadvantageous.

  Therefore, in order to perform processing by a processing apparatus such as the vertical rotary grinder or double-side processing machine used for processing each surface of the above-described general polyhedron, for example, as shown in FIG. When processing into a desired polyhedron (finished polyhedron), the processing surface (side surface 123A in the illustrated example) of the workpiece 120 is turned upward, and the processing surface 123A becomes horizontal when processed as a finishing surface. Thus, the processing holding device 130 having the holding portion 135 that holds the side surface 123C opposite to the processing surface 123A is used. In this holding device 130, when the side surface 123A connected to the upper and lower surfaces 121, 122 of the workpiece 120 at a predetermined angle is processed as in the illustrated example, the holding portion 135 is formed to be inclined at a predetermined angle. The In FIG. 17, reference numeral 121 denotes a lower surface of the workpiece 120, 122 denotes an upper surface of the workpiece 120, and 123 </ b> B and 123 </ b> D denote side surfaces connected to the upper and lower surfaces 121 and 122.

In the processing using the holding device 130, after the one side surface 123A of the workpiece 120 is disposed on the upper side and processed as a finished surface, the other side surfaces 123B, 123C, and 123D are on the upper side. Processing is performed in the same manner by sequentially holding. When processing the upper surface 121 and the lower surface 122 of the workpiece 120, the upper and lower surfaces 121, 122 are fixed with the upper surface 121 or the lower surface 122 of the workpiece 120 standing upright. Each is configured to be processed as a finished surface. However, in the conventional processing described above, when the upper and lower surfaces 121 and 122 are processed into a finished polyhedron, it is inevitable that the angles of the side surfaces with respect to the upper surface and the lower surface vary. In the conventional processing, each time the surfaces 121, 122, 123A, 123B, 123C, and 123D of the workpiece 120 are processed, the workpiece 120 needs to be held again, and the number of processing steps is increased. It was also a problem that the work became more complicated.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-200546 JP 2006-68888 A JP 2003-258291 A

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described points, and a polyhedron having side surfaces connected to each of a horizontal upper surface and a lower surface at the same predetermined angle can be obtained with fewer processing steps without using a dedicated processing device. In addition, the present invention provides a polyhedron processing and holding device and a processing method capable of processing with high accuracy.

The invention of claim 1 comprises a truncated pyramid-shaped polyhedron having a plurality of side surfaces (23A, 23B, 23C, 23D) connected to the upper surface and the lower surface between the lower surface (21) and the upper surface (22). The workpiece (20) has a bottom surface and a top surface (11) which are both horizontal on the bottom surface and top surface (12), and each side surface is the same predetermined with respect to the top surface and the top and bottom surfaces. A method of processing into a finished polyhedron (10) having finished side surfaces (13A, 13B, 13C, 13D) connected at angles (α, β), and detachably holding two adjacent side surfaces of the workpiece A workpiece member having a piece member (40) to be mounted and a fixing member (51A, 51B, 51C, 51D, 51E) for the piece member, and held by the piece member fixed to the fixing member Finished surface (K) using a plurality of piece holding members (50A, 50B, 50C, 50D, 50E) horizontally held, the workpiece is held on the piece member, and the workpiece holding member is provided with the workpiece The first side surface (13A) for processing the finishing side surface (13D) while holding the side surface (23D) horizontally adjacent to the one side surface while processing the finishing side surface (13A) while holding the one side surface (23A) horizontally. The workpiece is held by the piece member via the two side surface processing steps and the adjacent finishing side surfaces (13A, 13D), and the other side surface (23B) of the workpiece by the piece holding member. And processing the finished side surface (13B) while horizontally holding the side surface (23C) adjacent to the other side surface and processing the finished side surface (13C) by horizontally holding the side surface (23C). , Each adjacent finish side ( 3A, 13D) holding the workpiece on the piece member, holding the lower surface (21) horizontally by another piece holding member to process the finished upper and lower surfaces (11), and forming the upper surface (22) The present invention relates to a method for processing a polyhedron, characterized by comprising a processing step of upper and lower surfaces by a finishing side surface for processing the finished upper surface (12) while being held horizontally .

The invention according to claim 2 is a holding device for a workpiece used in the processing method according to claim 1, wherein the first holding for detachably holding two adjacent side surfaces of the workpiece. A piece member (40) having a portion (41) and a second holding portion (42), and a fitting groove (45A, 45B) formed on the opposite side of each holding portion, and the fitting of the piece member A plurality of piece holding members (50A, 50B, 50C, 50D, 51E ) having respective mounting fixing portions ( 51A, 51B, 51C, 51D, 51E ) that are detachably fitted to any of the grooves. ), And two adjacent side surfaces opposite to the two adjacent side surfaces of the workpiece held by the piece members fixed to the mounting fixing portions (51A, 51D) are finished machining surfaces ( K) Horizontal holding to hold horizontally (55A, 55D) and side work piece holding members (50A, 50D), and similarly, the work piece held by the piece members fixedly attached to the attachment fixing portions (51B, 51C, 51E). It consists of a top or bottom surface processing piece holding member (50B, 50C, 50E) having a horizontal holding portion (55B, 55C, 55E) for horizontally holding the upper surface or the lower surface to be a finished surface (K). And a polyhedron processing and holding device.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, the first holding portion and the second holding portion of the piece member are perpendicular to each other with two adjacent finishing side surfaces that are not held by the first and second holding portions having the common side (14) as an axis. The polyhedron processing and holding device according to claim 2 , wherein the polyhedron is formed by inclined surfaces so as to form surfaces.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the bottom surface and the side surface of the piece member are formed as a surface that makes a right angle, and the finished side surface that forms a right angle with the common side as an axis is parallel to the bottom surface and the side surface. The polyhedron processing and holding device according to claim 3 , which is arranged.

The invention according to claim 5 relates to the polyhedron processing and holding device according to any one of claims 2 to 4 , wherein each holding portion of the piece member is formed as an adhesive surface by an adhesive.

The invention according to claim 6 relates to the polyhedron processing and holding device according to any one of claims 2 to 4 , wherein each holding portion of the piece member is formed as a vacuum suction surface by a vacuum device.

The invention according to claim 7 relates to the polyhedron processing and holding device according to any one of claims 2 to 4 , wherein each holding portion of the piece member is formed as a freeze-bonded surface made of cyclic polydimethylsiloxane.

In the invention of claim 8, the piece holding member is placed on a surface plate (T), and the piece member is detachably attached to and fixed to the attachment fixing portion by turning on and off an electromagnet installed on the surface plate. The polyhedron processing and holding device according to any one of claims 2 to 7 , wherein the piece holding member is detachably fixed to the surface plate.

The invention according to claim 9 relates to the polyhedron processing and holding device according to any one of claims 2 to 8 , wherein a plurality of piece members are attached and fixed to the piece holding member.

The method of processing a polyhedron according to the invention of claim 1 is a pyramid having a plurality of side surfaces (23A, 23B, 23C, 23D) connected to the upper surface and the lower surface between the lower surface (21) and the upper surface (22). A workpiece (20) made of a trapezoidal polyhedron has a horizontal finishing surface (11) and a finishing top surface (12) both on the bottom surface and top surface, and the side surfaces on the horizontal finishing top surface and finishing surface. A method of processing into a finished polyhedron (10) having finished side surfaces (13A, 13B, 13C, 13D) connected to each other at the same predetermined angle (α, β) . A piece member (40) that detachably holds the side surface and an attachment fixing portion (51A, 51B, 51C, 51D, 51E) for the piece member, and the piece member attached and fixed to the attachment fixing portion. Retained addendum A plurality of piece holding members (50A, 50B, 50C, 50D, 50E) that hold the surface of the work material horizontally as a finished surface (K) are used to hold the workpiece on the piece member, and The side surface (13A) of the workpiece is horizontally held on the holding member to process the finished side surface (13A), and the side surface (23D) adjacent to the one side surface is horizontally held to finish the side surface (13D). The workpiece is held on the piece member via the first two adjacent side face machining steps and the adjacent finish side faces (13A, 13D), and the workpiece is held by the piece holding member. The other side (23B) of the material is held horizontally to process the finished side (13B), and the side (23C) adjacent to the other side is held horizontally to finish the finished side (13C). Two adjacent side processing steps and front While holding the workpiece on the piece member via the adjacent finishing side surfaces (13A, 13D) and holding the lower surface (21) horizontally with the other piece holding members, the finished upper and lower surfaces (11) are processed. Since the upper and lower surfaces are processed by the finished side surface that holds the upper surface (22) horizontally and the finished upper surface (12) is processed, the processing steps can be reduced as compared with the conventional method, and the working efficiency is remarkably improved. improves.

A polyhedron processing and holding device according to a second aspect of the present invention is a holding device for a workpiece used in the processing method according to claim 1, wherein two adjacent side surfaces of the workpiece are attached and detached. A piece member (40) having a first holding portion (41) and a second holding portion (42) that can be held , and fitting grooves (45A, 45B) formed on opposite sides of the holding portions, respectively. A plurality of piece holding members (50A, 51A, 51B, 51C, 51D, 51E ) having respective attachment fixing portions ( 51A, 51B, 51C, 51D, 51E ) that are detachably fitted and fixed to any of the fitting grooves of the piece members . 50B, 50C, 50D, 51E), which are adjacent 2 opposite to the two adjacent side surfaces of the workpiece held by the piece member fixedly attached to the attachment fixing portion (51A, 51D). One side is the finished surface (K) Similarly, the side surface processing piece holding members (50A, 50D) having horizontal holding portions (55A, 55D) for holding horizontally are held by the piece members fixedly attached to the mounting fixing portions (51B, 51C, 51E). The upper or lower surface processing piece holding member (50B, 50C) having a horizontal holding portion (55B, 55C, 55E) for horizontally holding the upper surface or the lower surface of the workpiece to be finished surface (K). 50E) , it is not necessary to use a dedicated processing device when processing into a finished polyhedron, and processing can be performed with high accuracy using a known processing device.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the second aspect , the first holding portion and the second holding portion of the piece member have two common side surfaces (14) that are not held by the first and second holding portions. ) As the axis that forms a right angle with respect to each other, the finished surface can be easily held horizontally by the horizontal holding portion of the piece holding member.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the third aspect, the bottom surface and the side surface of the piece member are formed as a surface that makes a right angle, and the finished side surface that forms a right angle with the common side as an axis is a parallel surface with respect to the bottom surface and the side surface, respectively. Therefore, the finished surface can be more easily horizontally held by the horizontal holding portion of the piece holding member.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in any one of the second to fourth aspects, since each holding portion of the piece member is formed as an adhesive surface by an adhesive, the workpiece can be held very easily.

A sixth aspect of the present invention is that in any one of the second to fourth aspects, since each holding portion of the piece member is formed as a vacuum suction surface by a vacuum device, the work material can be easily attached and detached, and work efficiency is improved. To do.

The invention of claim 7 is the invention according to claims 2 to 4 , wherein each holding portion of the piece member is formed as a freeze-bonded surface made of cyclic polydimethylsiloxane, so that the workpiece can be easily attached and detached, and the work efficiency Will improve.

The invention of claim 8 is the invention according to claims 2 to 7 , wherein the piece holding member is placed on a surface plate (T), and the piece member is attached to and detached from the mounting fixing portion by turning on and off an electromagnet installed on the surface plate. Since the piece holding member is detachably fixed to the surface plate, the piece member and the piece holding member are more firmly fixed, and the processing and holding device is attached to the surface plate. Can be easily fixed.

According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, in the second to eighth aspects, since a plurality of piece members are attached and fixed to the piece holding member, it becomes possible to process a larger number of workpieces at a time and improve work efficiency. Can be made.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a perspective view before and after holding a workpiece of a polyhedron processing and holding device according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the workpiece and the finished polyhedron, and FIG. 3 is a side view of the finished polyhedron. 4 is a side view of the work holding device before and after holding the workpiece. FIG. 5 is a front view of the work holding device before and after holding the workpiece. FIG. 6 is a front view of the work holding device. FIG. 7 is a main part sectional view showing a method for fixing the workpiece to the piece member, and FIG. 8 is a processing holding device for arranging the side surface of the workpiece on the upper side. FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the main part of the processing and holding device in the state of FIG. 8, FIG. 10 is a top view of the processing and holding device in which the lower surface of the workpiece is arranged on the upper side, and FIG. FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of the main part of the processing and holding apparatus, FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of the main part of the processing and holding apparatus in which the upper surface of the workpiece is arranged on the upper side, and FIG. FIG. 14 is a sectional view of the main part of the processing and holding device in the state of FIG. 13, and FIG. 15 shows the upper and lower surfaces of the workpiece on the upper and lower sides. FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view of a main part of a work holding device for holding a workpiece by a piece member by vacuum suction.

  A polyhedron processing holding device 30 according to an embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 1 is for a workpiece 20 used when processing into a finished polyhedron 10 shown in FIGS. It consists of a piece member 40 and a piece holding member 50.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the finishing polyhedron 10 is formed in a so-called truncated pyramid shape, and a plurality of finishing polyhedrons 10 are connected to the lower surface 21 and the upper surface 22 between the lower surface 21 and the upper surface 22. A workpiece 20 made of a polyhedron having side surfaces 23A, 23B, 23C, and 23D, the lower surface 21 and the upper surface 22 are both the horizontal upper and lower surfaces 11 and the upper surface 12, and the side surfaces 23A, 23B, 23C, and 23D. Are processed as finishing side surfaces 13A, 13B, 13C, and 13D connected to the horizontal finishing top surface 11 and finishing top and bottom surfaces 12 at the same predetermined angles α and β, respectively. The finished polyhedron 10 of the embodiment has a total length of 40 mm, a finished top and bottom surface 11 formed into a square with a side of 11 mm, a finished top surface 12 formed into a square with a side of 6.5 mm, and predetermined angles α and β of 86. It is a homogenizer composed of finishing side surfaces 13A, 13B, 13C, and 13D that are connected by a finishing top surface 11 and a finishing top surface 12 at 8 ° and 93.2 °. The finished polyhedron 10 as the homogenizer is composed of a SiO ₂ —Na ₂ O—K ₂ O-based silicate glass, and the composition thereof is SiO ₂ : 69.5 wt%, Na ₂ O: 9.0 wt%, _{K 2 O: 11.0wt%, Al} 2 O 3: 2.5wt%, Sb 2 O 3: 0.25wt%, TiO 2: 6.0wt%, F: a 1.75wt%. In addition, the to-be-processed material 20 of an Example is shape | molded by heating the said silicate glass above the glass softening point and below a working point, and heat-processing. Further, the angles α and β of the finished side surface of the finished polyhedron 10 are α + β = 180 °.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 4 to 6, the piece member 40 includes a first holding portion 41 and a second holding portion 42 that detachably hold two adjacent side surfaces (23 </ b> B and 23 </ b> C) of the workpiece 20. Have. The piece member 40 of the embodiment is made of a metal member such as iron, and is formed as a surface in which a horizontally formed bottom surface 43 and a vertically formed side surface 44 form a right angle, and on one side surface 44A. A first holding part 41 and a second holding part 42 are formed. In the figure, 45A is a fitting groove formed on the bottom surface 43, 45B is a fitting groove formed on the other side surface 44B, 46 is an upper surface of the piece member 40 formed in parallel to the bottom surface 43, 47 is a front surface of the piece member 40, and 48 is a rear surface of the piece member 40.

In this piece member 40, as shown in FIGS. 4 to 6 and defined as the invention of claim 3 , the first holding portion 41 and the second holding portion 42 are connected to the first and second holding portions 41, 42. Two adjacent finishing side surfaces (13A, 13D) that are not held are formed by inclined surfaces so as to form a right angle with the common side 14 as an axis, and in particular, as defined in the invention of claim 4 , The finishing side surfaces (13A, 13D) perpendicular to the common side 14 are arranged so as to be parallel to the bottom surface 43 and the side surface 44 of the piece member 40, respectively. Further, in the piece member 40, as shown in the figure, a part on the lower surface 21 side and the upper surface 22 side of the workpiece 20 is protruded from the front and rear of the piece member 40, and the first and second holding portions 41, 42 are provided. The two adjacent finish side surfaces (13A, 13D) that are not held by the projections are configured to protrude from the side surface 44A and the upper surface 46, respectively. In the piece member 40 of the embodiment, the front surface 47 and the rear surface 48 are formed as surfaces parallel to the finishing upper and lower surfaces 11 and 12 when the workpiece 20 is held.

In the piece member 40 of the embodiment, as defined in the invention of claim 5 , each holding portion 41, 42 is formed as an adhesive surface by an adhesive. For holding the workpiece 20, known hot melt adhesives such as stick wax, adfix, sky wax, shift wax, alcohol wax, aqua wax, and natural resin are used. In particular, if the workpiece 20 and the holding portions 41 and 42 of the piece member 40 are bonded via a thin buffer such as Japanese paper soaked with the adhesive, the workpiece 20 is When removed, it is possible to prevent the surface to be bonded of the workpiece 20 from being scratched.

  Further, when the workpiece 20 is fixed to the holding portions 41 and 42 of the piece member 40, a positioning member 60 shown in FIG. 7 is used. The positioning member 60 holds the first holding portion 41 of the piece member 40 in a horizontal state, and includes a holding surface 61 that is inclined at a predetermined angle, and the piece formed on the holding surface 61. A protrusion 62 that is detachably fitted in the fitting groove 45 </ b> A of the member 40, and is inclined with respect to the holding surface 61 at a predetermined angle, and supports the lower surface 21 or the upper surface 22 of the workpiece 20. And a support surface portion 63. The workpiece 20 is supported by the lower surface 21 or the upper surface 22 (upper surface 22 in the illustrated example) on the first and second holding portions 41 and 42 of the piece member 40 inclined at a predetermined angle by the inclined holding portion 61. Two adjacent side surfaces (23B, 23C) are configured to be fixed while being in contact with and supported by the surface portion 63.

As shown in FIGS. 1, 4 to 6, and FIGS. 8 to 15, the piece holding member 50 has an attachment fixing portion 51 for detachably attaching and fixing the piece member 40, and is attached and fixed to the attachment fixing portion 51. A horizontal holding portion 55 is provided for horizontally holding the work piece 20 held by the piece member 40 so that the upper side or the lower side of the workpiece 20 or the upper and lower sides of the workpiece 20 become the finished surface K. In this piece holding member 50, the mounting and fixing portion 51 is formed as a protruding portion that is formed in the horizontal holding portion 55 and is detachably fitted into the fitting groove 45A or the fitting groove 45B of the piece member 40. In addition, the piece holding member 50 of the embodiment is configured as a member made of metal such as iron like the piece member 40, and has individual shapes (50A, 50B) corresponding to each surface processed by the workpiece 20. , 50C, 50D, 50E). Incidentally, in this piece holding member 50, as shown in FIG. 1, but can be configured to hold one of the bridge member 40, shown in FIGS. 8 to 15 and claim 9 As specified in the invention, a plurality of piece members 40 (two piece members 40A and 40B in the examples of FIGS. 8 and 9 and four piece members 40A, 40B, 40C and 40D in the examples of FIGS. 10 to 15) are provided. If it is configured to be attached and fixed, a larger number of workpieces can be processed in a lump and work efficiency can be improved. 8 to 12, a symbol T is a surface plate of a known processing device on which the processing holding device 30 is placed.

  A processing holding device 30A shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 is used when processing one surface (upper surface) of the workpiece 20 by a known processing device M1 such as a vertical rotary grinder, and includes a piece holding member. 50A is placed on the surface plate T of the processing apparatus M1, and is configured to hold the piece member 40 so that one of the side surfaces 23A, 23B, 23C, and 23D of the workpiece 20 is on the upper side. . In this piece holding member 50A, as shown in FIG. 8, two piece members 40A, 40B are configured to be fixedly mounted, and as shown in FIG. 9, a horizontal holding portion 55A is formed horizontally. In the figure, reference numeral 51A denotes an attachment / fixing portion of the piece holding member 50A, and M1a denotes a processing surface plate of the processing apparatus M1.

  The processing holding device 30B shown in FIGS. 10 and 11 is used when processing one surface (upper surface) of the workpiece 20 by the processing device M1 such as a vertical rotary grinder, like the processing holding device 30A. The piece holding member 50B is placed on the surface plate T, and the piece member 40 is held so that the lower surface 21 of the workpiece 20 is on the upper side. In this piece holding member 50B, as shown in the top view of FIG. 10, the four piece members 40A, 40B, 40C, and 40D are configured to be held together, and the finished surface K of the lower surface 21 of the workpiece 20 is processed. The horizontal holding portion 55B is formed so as to be inclined from the lower side toward the upper side toward the piece member 40 so that the horizontal holding portion 55 is horizontal, and the pedestal portion integrally formed with the horizontal holding portion 55B on the lower board portion 52B. 53B. The pedestal portion 53B is configured such that the rear surface 48 of the piece member 40 is placed and the upper surface 22 of the workpiece 20 is held so as not to contact the lower plate portion 52B. In addition, the code | symbol 51B of a figure is an attachment fixing | fixed part of the piece holding member 50B.

  The processing and holding device 30C shown in FIG. 12 is used when processing one surface (upper surface) of the workpiece 20 by the processing device M1 such as a vertical rotary grinder similarly to the processing and holding devices 30A and 30B. The piece holding member 50C is placed on the surface plate T, and the piece member 40 is held so that the upper surface 22 of the workpiece 20 is on the upper side. The piece holding member 50C is configured to be able to hold the four piece members 40A, 40B, 40C, and 40D collectively as in the case of the piece holding member 50B. Further, in the piece holding member 50C, the horizontal holding portion 55C is formed to be inclined toward the piece member 40 from the upper side toward the lower side so that the finishing surface K of the upper surface 22 of the workpiece 20 is horizontal, A pedestal portion 53C is formed integrally with the horizontal holding portion 55C on the lower plate portion 52C. The pedestal portion 53C is configured such that the front surface 47 of the piece member 40 is placed and the lower surface 21 of the workpiece 20 is held so as not to contact the lower board portion 52C. In addition, the code | symbol 51C of a figure is an attachment fixing | fixed part of the piece holding member 50C.

  The processing holding device 30D shown in FIGS. 13 and 14 is used when the workpiece 20 is processed from both the upper and lower sides by the processing device M2 such as a double-sided processing machine, and the piece holding member 50D is one piece member. One of the side surfaces 23A, 23B, 23C, 23D of the workpiece 20 held by 40 (40A, 40B) is the upper side, and the workpiece 20 held by the other piece member 40 (40C, 40D) The plurality of piece members 40 (40A, 40B, 40C, 40D) are configured to be held on the upper side and the lower side so that any one of the side surfaces 23A, 23B, 23C, 23D is on the lower side. As shown in FIG. 14, the piece holding member 50 is configured so that two piece members 40A and 40B on the upper side and two piece members 40C and 40D on the lower side can be held together and held horizontally on both the upper and lower sides. The portion 55D is formed horizontally. In this figure, reference numeral 51D is an attachment / fixing portion of the piece holding member 50D, M2a is an upper processing surface plate of the processing device M2, and M2b is a lower processing surface plate of the processing device M2.

  The processing holding device 30E shown in FIG. 15 is used when the workpiece 20 is processed from both the upper and lower sides by the processing device M2 such as a double-sided processing machine like the processing holding device 30D. In addition, the lower surface 21 or the upper surface 22 of the workpiece 20 held by the plurality of piece members 40 (40A, 40B, 40C, 40D) is configured to be held on the upper side or the lower side. The piece holding member 50E is configured to be able to hold the four piece members 40A, 40B, 40C, and 40D at once as in the case of the piece holding member 50C. Further, in this piece holding member 50E, the horizontal holding portion 55E is arranged so that each piece member 40 (40A) is moved from the upper side toward the lower side so that the finishing surfaces K of the lower surface 21 and the upper surface 22 of the workpiece 20 are horizontal. , 40B, 40C, 40D). In addition, the code | symbol 51E in a figure is an attachment fixing | fixed part of the piece holding member 50E.

Further, machining the holding device 30A shown in FIG. 8 to 12, 30B, 30C as, when processing by placing the piece holding member 50A, 50B, the 50C to the base T was defined as an invention of claim 8 In this manner, the piece member 40 is detachably attached and fixed to the attachment fixing portions 51A, 51B, and 51C by turning on and off an electromagnet (not shown) installed on the surface plate T, and the piece holding members 50A, 50B, and 50C are fixed. It is configured to be detachably fixed to the board T. As a result, the frame member 40 can be more firmly fixed by the frame holding members 50A, 50B, and 50C, and the frame holding members 50A, 50B, and 50C can be easily fixed on the surface plate T. Further, when high-speed machining with a high machining rate and high load is performed, for example, the side surfaces 23A, 23A, and 23A of the workpieces 20, 20, 20, and 20 held by the piece member 40 illustrated in FIGS. , 23A may be used for appropriate reinforcement such as holding by using a separate member.

Next, a processing method for processing the workpiece 20 into the finished polyhedron 10 will be described with reference to FIGS. The processing method, there is carried out using a processing holding device 30 described above, it holds two adjacent side surfaces of the workpiece 20 to the first holding portion 41 and the second holding portion 42 of the bridge member 40, After holding horizontally so that the upper or lower surface of the workpiece 20 held by the piece member 40 by the piece holding member 50 becomes the finished surface K, the finished surface K is made horizontal. In addition to processing, other side surfaces not held by the holding portions 41 and 42 are horizontally held by the holding member 50 in the same manner as described above, and the finishing surface K is processed to be horizontal, and then the processing is performed. The two adjacent side surfaces of the workpiece 20 thus held are held by the first holding portion 41 and the second holding portion 42 of the piece member 40 and horizontally held by the piece holding member 50 in the same manner as described above, so that the finished processed surface is obtained. Process K to be horizontal . Details will be described below.

  In this processing method, first, after a predetermined glass block is heated to a glass softening point or more and below a work point to form a workpiece 20 having a rough shape of a truncated pyramid by heat processing, as shown in FIG. The piece member 40 is fixedly held on the holding surface 61 inclined at a predetermined angle so that the first holding portion 41 is in a horizontal state, and the first and second holding portions 41 and 42 are supported by the support surface portion 63 of the positioning member 60. Thus, two adjacent side surfaces (23B, 23C) of the workpiece 20 are detachably held. At that time, a hot melt adhesive is applied to the first and second holding portions 41 and 42, and Japanese paper is placed on the first and second holding portions 41 and 42 so that the hot melt adhesive is infiltrated, so that the workpiece 20 is adjacent. Two side surfaces (23B, 23C) are bonded.

  When the workpiece 20 is held on the piece member 40 as described above, a plurality (two in the illustrated example) piece members 40 (40A, 40B) are subsequently held on the piece as shown in FIGS. It is held by the member 50A. At that time, as shown in FIG. 8, the piece member 40A is held by the horizontal holding portion 55A with the bottom surface 43 as the lower side so that the side surface 23A of the workpiece 20 becomes the upper side. On the other hand, the piece member 40B is held by the horizontal holding portion 55A with the side surface 44B on the lower side so that the side surface 23D of the workpiece 20 is on the upper side.

  Next, as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, a work holding device 30 </ b> A that holds a piece member 40 (40 </ b> A, 40 </ b> B) holding a workpiece 20 with a piece holding member 50 </ b> A is a well-known vertical rotary grinder. The piece holding member 50A is fixed to the surface plate T by operating an electromagnet (not shown) placed on the surface plate T of the processing apparatus M1 and installed on the surface plate T, and the piece member 40 and the piece holding member. 50A is magnetically fixed. Then, the side surface 23A of the workpiece 20 disposed on the upper side by the piece member 40A and the side surface 23D of the workpiece 20 disposed on the upper side by the piece member 40B are respectively formed by the processing surface plate M1a of the processing apparatus M1. To be ground.

  Subsequently, each of the piece members 40A and 40B is rotated by 90 °, and the side surface 44B is placed on the piece holding member 50A so that the side surface 23D of the workpiece 20 becomes the upper side as in the piece member 40B of FIG. As shown in FIG. 8, the frame member 40B is held by the horizontal holding portion 55A, and the horizontal holding portion 55A with the bottom surface 43 as the piece holding member 50A side so that the side surface 23A of the workpiece 20 becomes the upper side as in the piece member 40A of FIG. Hold by. Then, similarly to the grinding process of the side surfaces 23A and 23D of the workpiece 20, the piece holding member 50A is fixed on the surface plate T by an electromagnet (not shown) and the piece member 40 is magnetically fixed to the piece holding member 50A. Then, the side surface 23D of the workpiece 20 disposed on the upper side by the piece member 40A and the side surface 23A of the workpiece 20 disposed on the upper side by the piece member 40B constitute the machining surface plate M1a of the machining apparatus M1. Are ground respectively.

  Next, as shown in FIGS. 13 and 14, the piece member 40 </ b> A is held by the horizontal holding portion 55 </ b> D of the piece holding member 50 </ b> D so that the side surface 23 </ b> A of each ground workpiece 20 becomes the upper side, and the piece member 40B is held by the horizontal holding portion 55D of the piece holding member 50D so that the side surface 23D of each of the ground workpieces 20 is the upper side, and the piece member 40C is further held by each of the ground workpieces 20 The piece holding member 50D is held by the horizontal holding portion 55D of the piece holding member 50D so that the side surface 23A is on the lower side, and the piece member 40D is placed on the lower side of the ground side surface 23D of each workpiece 20 to be ground. Is held by the horizontal holding portion 55D to form a processing holding device 30D, which is placed on a lower processing surface plate M2b of a known processing device M2 composed of a double-side processing machine. Then, the side surface 23A of the upper workpiece 20 held by the piece member 40A and the side surface 23D of the upper workpiece 20 held by the piece member 40B are polished by the upper processing surface plate M2a of the processing apparatus M2. At the same time, the side surface 23A of the lower workpiece 20 held by the piece member 40C and the side surface 23D of the lower workpiece 20 held by the piece member 40D are polished by the lower processing surface plate M2b of the processing apparatus M2. Then, the side surfaces 23A, 23D, 23A, and 23D are horizontally processed as finishing surfaces K (finishing side surfaces 13A, 13D, 13A, and 13D of the finishing polyhedron 10).

  Further, when the side surfaces 23A, 23D, 23A, and 23D of the workpieces 20 held by the piece members 40A, 40B, 40C, and 40D are processed as the finish processing surfaces K, the piece members 40A, 40B, 40C, and 40D are processed. Are rotated by 90 °, and the piece member 40A is held by the horizontal holding portion 55D with the side face 44B as the piece holding member 50D side so that the side face 23D of the workpiece 20 becomes the upper side like the piece member 40B of FIG. At the same time, the piece member 40B is held by the horizontal holding portion 55D with the bottom face 43 as the piece holding member 50D side so that the side surface 23A of the workpiece 20 is on the upper side like the piece member 40A of FIG. 13, and further, the piece member 40C. As shown in FIG. 13, the horizontal holding portion 55D with the side surface 44B as the piece holding member 50D side so that the side surface 23D of the workpiece 20 is on the lower side. Therefore causes held, is held by the horizontal holder 55D the bottom 43 as side surface 23A of the workpiece 20 as the bridge member 40C in FIG. 13 the frame member 40D is lower side as piece holding member 50D side. Then, similarly to the polishing step of the side surfaces 23A, 23D, 23A, 23D of the workpiece 20, the side surface 23D of the workpiece 20 arranged on the upper side by the piece member 40A and the piece member 40B are arranged on the upper side. The side surface 23A of the workpiece 20 is polished by the upper processing surface plate M2a of the processing apparatus M2, and at the same time, the side surface 23D of the workpiece 20 disposed on the lower side by the piece member 40C and the piece member 40D are lowered to the lower side. The side surface 23A of the disposed workpiece 20 is polished by the lower processing surface plate M2b of the processing device M2, and the side surfaces 23D, 23A, 23D, 23A are finished processed surfaces K (finished side surfaces 13D, 13A of the finished polyhedron 10). , 13D, 13A).

  Here, after processing the side surfaces 23A and 23D of the workpiece 20 as the finishing surface K (finishing side surfaces 13A and 13D), the workpiece 20 is released from being held by the piece member 40, and the positioning member 60 shown in FIG. The finishing side surfaces 13A and 13D are bonded to each other through Japanese paper in which an adhesive applied to the holding portions 41 and 42 of the piece member 40 is permeated. Then, by using the processing holding devices 50A and 50D shown in FIGS. 8, 9 and 13, 14, the side surfaces 23B and 23C of the workpiece 20 are finished by the same procedure as the processing of the side surfaces 23A and 23D, respectively. It is processed horizontally as (finished side surfaces 13B, 13C).

  Thus, after processing the side surfaces 23A, 23B, 23C, and 23D of the workpiece 20 into the finishing side surfaces 13A, 13B, 13C, and 13D of the finishing polyhedron 10, the piece members 40A and 40B as shown in FIGS. , 40C and 40D are respectively held by the horizontal holding portion 55B of the piece holding member 50B so that the lower surface 21 of the workpiece 20 is on the upper side, and placed on the surface plate T of the processing device M1 as the processing holding device 30B. Is done. Then, the piece holding member 50B is fixed to the surface plate T by the electromagnet installed on the surface plate T, and the piece member 40 and the piece holding member 50B are fixed, and the workpiece 20 is processed by the processing surface plate M1a of the processing apparatus M1. The lower surface 21 is ground.

  Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 12, the piece members 40A, 40B, 40C, and 40D are respectively held by the horizontal holding portions 55C of the piece holding member 50C so that the upper surface 22 of the workpiece 20 is on the upper side. The holding device 30C is placed on the surface plate T of the processing device M1. Then, the piece holding member 50C is fixed to the surface plate T by the electromagnet installed on the surface plate T, and the piece member 40 and the piece holding member 50C are fixed, and the workpiece 20 is processed by the processing surface plate M1a of the processing apparatus M1. The upper surface 22 is ground.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 15, the piece members 40A, 40B, 40C, and 40D are placed on the horizontal holding portion 55E of the piece holding member 50E so that the lower surface 21 of the workpiece 20 is on the lower side and the upper surface 22 is on the upper side. The upper surface 22 of each workpiece 20 held by the piece members 40 (40A, 40B, 40C, 40D) by the upper processing surface plate M2a and the lower processing surface plate M2b of the processing device M2 is held as the processing holding device 30E. The bottom surface 22 and the bottom surface 22 are polished, respectively, and the bottom surface 21 and the top surface 22 are respectively machined horizontally as finishing surfaces K (the top and bottom surfaces 11 and the top surface 12 of the finished polyhedron 10).

  As described above, the polyhedron processing and holding device 30 of the present invention includes a piece member 40 having a first holding part 41 and a second holding part 42 that detachably hold two adjacent side surfaces of the workpiece 20. The frame member 40 has an attachment fixing portion 51 for detachably attaching and fixing the piece member 40, and the upper or lower side or both upper and lower portions of the workpiece 20 held by the piece member 40 attached and fixed to the attachment fixing portion 51. Since the piece holding member 50 having the horizontal holding portion 55 that holds horizontally so that the surface to be finished is the finished processing surface K, when processing into the finished polyhedron 10, it is not necessary to use a dedicated processing device. Processing can be performed with high accuracy using a processing device (such as a vertical rotary grinder or a double-sided processing machine).

  In the processing method using the processing and holding device 30, two adjacent side surfaces of the workpiece 20 (side surfaces 13 </ b> A and 13 </ b> D of the finished polyhedron 10 as the finishing surface K) are used as holding portions for the piece member 40. Since a plurality of surfaces (side surfaces 23B, 23C, lower surface 21, and upper surface 22) can be processed while being held at 41, the number of processing steps can be reduced as compared with the conventional case, and the working efficiency is remarkably improved. improves. In particular, this processing method is suitable for a polyhedron having side surfaces connecting a brittle material such as glass with a horizontal upper surface and a lower surface such as a truncated pyramid at the same predetermined angle, and processing a workpiece during processing. There is no risk of cracks on the surface.

  The polyhedron processing and holding device of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and can be implemented by appropriately changing a part of the configuration without departing from the spirit of the invention. In the embodiment, the workpiece 20 is processed in the order of the side surfaces (23A, 23D, 23B, and 23C) and the upper and lower surfaces 21 and 22, respectively, but the upper and lower surfaces 21 and 22 are processed by the side surfaces 23A, 23B, 23C, Any order as long as any two adjacent side surfaces of 23D are used as the finished surface K and the finished surface K is held by the first holding portion 41 and the second holding portion 42 of the piece member 40. The upper and lower surfaces 21 and 22 may be processed after the side surfaces 23A and 23D are processed, respectively, and the side surfaces 23B and 23C may be finally processed.

Moreover, in the Example, although the workpiece 20 comprised the 1st holding | maintenance part 41 and the 2nd holding | maintenance part 42 of the piece member 40 as an adhesive surface, as shown in FIG. 16 and prescribed | regulated as invention of Claim 6 The holding portions 41 and 42 can be formed as vacuum suction surfaces 41A and 42A by a vacuum device (not shown). In the first holding portion 41A as a vacuum suction surface, a suction hole 71 penetrating to the bottom surface 43 is formed in a substantially central portion, and an elastic body 76 made of rubber or the like is disposed on the outer edge portion of the surface. Further, in the second holding portion 42A as the vacuum suction surface, a suction hole 72 penetrating to the side surface 44B is formed in a substantially central portion, and an elastic body 77 made of rubber or the like is disposed on the outer edge portion of the surface. Then, an external vacuum device is connected to each of the suction holes 71 and 72, and the workpiece 20 is arranged on the first and second holding portions 41A and 42A via the elastic bodies 76 and 77, and the vacuum device is used. By vacuum suction, the workpiece 20 is vacuum-sucked by the first and second holding portions 41A and 42A. Thereby, the workpiece 20 can be easily attached and detached, and the work efficiency is improved. Reference numeral 56 in the drawing is a suction hole formed in the piece holding member 50 so as to be connected to the suction hole 71 of the piece member 40.

Further, although not shown, as defined in the invention of claim 7 , each holding portion 41, 42 of the piece member 40 may be formed as a freeze-bonded surface made of cyclic polydimethylsiloxane. In holding the workpiece 20, for example, octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (GE-Toshiba Silicone Co., Ltd. TSF404) having a freezing point of around 17 ° C. is used as the cyclic polydimethylsiloxane. Then, an appropriate amount of the cyclic polydimethylsiloxane is dropped onto each holding portion 41, 42 of the piece member 40 using a dispenser, syringe, or the like at around room temperature (20-30 ° C.) to form a homogeneous film, and the workpiece 20 Is placed at a predetermined position of each of the holding portions 41 and 42, and then transferred onto a cooling plate at about 2 to 5 ° C. to solidify the cyclic polydimethylsiloxane and freeze-bonded. In this way, if the workpiece 20 is held by freezing adhesion, the workpiece 20 can be easily removed by returning the piece member 40 to room temperature. Therefore, the workpiece 20 can be easily attached and detached, and the working efficiency is improved. In addition, when the workpiece 20 is held by freeze bonding as described above, it is preferable to use a grinding machine having a cooling device for a grinding fluid, such as a known vertical grinding machine, as the processing apparatus.

  Furthermore, in the present invention, the finished polyhedron has a truncated pyramid shape having a total length of about 40 mm, but is not limited thereto. For example, the total length is about 20 mm (angle α is 83.6 °, angle β is 96.4 °).

It is the perspective view before the holding | maintenance of the workpiece of the polyhedron process holding | maintenance apparatus which concerns on one Example of this invention, and after a holding | maintenance. It is a perspective view of a workpiece and a finishing polyhedron. It is a side view of a finishing polyhedron. It is a side view before holding | maintenance of the workpiece of a process holding apparatus, and after holding | maintenance. It is a front view after the holding of the workpiece of a processing holding device, and after holding. It is a rear view before and after holding the workpiece of the process holding device. It is principal part sectional drawing showing the fixing method to the piece member of a workpiece. It is a front view of the process holding | maintenance apparatus which arrange | positions the side surface of a workpiece to the upper side. It is principal part sectional drawing of the process holding | maintenance apparatus of the state of FIG. It is a top view of the process holding | maintenance apparatus which arrange | positions the lower surface of a workpiece to the upper side. It is principal part sectional drawing of the process holding | maintenance apparatus of the state of FIG. It is principal part sectional drawing of the process holding | maintenance apparatus which arrange | positions the upper surface of a workpiece to the upper side. It is a front view of the process holding | maintenance apparatus which each arrange | positions each side surface of a several to-be-processed material to the upper part side and the lower part side. It is principal part sectional drawing of the process holding | maintenance apparatus of the state of FIG. It is principal part sectional drawing of the process holding | maintenance apparatus which arrange | positions the upper and lower surfaces of a workpiece on the upper side and the lower side, respectively. It is principal part sectional drawing of the process holding | maintenance apparatus which hold | maintains a to-be-processed material with a piece member by vacuum suction. It is principal part sectional drawing of the conventional process holding | maintenance apparatus.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Finish polyhedron 11 Finish upper and lower surface 12 Finish upper surface 13A, 13B, 13C, 13D Finish side surface 20 Workpiece material 21 Lower surface 22 Upper surface 23A, 23B, 23C, 23D Side surface 30 Polyhedron holding device 40 Piece member 41 First holding part 42 Second Holding part 50 Frame holding member 51 Mounting fixing part 55 Horizontal holding part K Finished surface

Claims (9)

A workpiece (20) made of a truncated pyramid-shaped polyhedron having a plurality of side surfaces (23A, 23B, 23C, 23D) connected to the upper surface and the lower surface between the lower surface (21) and the upper surface (22). The lower and upper surfaces are both a horizontal finishing surface (11) and a finishing upper surface (12), and the side surfaces are at the same predetermined angle (α, β) with respect to the horizontal finishing upper surface and finishing surface. A method of processing into a finished polyhedron (10) having finished side surfaces (13A, 13B, 13C, 13D) connected to each other,
A piece member (40) that detachably holds two adjacent side surfaces of the workpiece, and an attachment fixing portion (51A, 51B, 51C, 51D, 51E) for the piece member, and the attachment fixation Using a plurality of piece holding members (50A, 50B, 50C, 50D, 50E) that horizontally hold the surface of the workpiece held by the piece member fixedly attached to the part as the finishing surface (K),
The workpiece is held by the piece member, and one side surface (23A) of the workpiece is horizontally held by the piece holding member to process the finished side surface (13A), and adjacent to the one side surface. A first adjacent two side processing step for processing the finished side surface (13D) while holding the side surface (23D) horizontally;
The workpiece is held on the piece member via the adjacent finishing side surfaces (13A, 13D), and the other side surface (23B) of the workpiece is horizontally held by the piece holding member to finish the side surface. (13B) and processing the second adjacent two side surfaces for processing the finished side surface (13C) by horizontally holding the side surface (23C) adjacent to the other side surface;
The workpiece is held on the piece member via the adjacent finishing side surfaces (13A, 13D), and the bottom surface (21) is horizontally held by another piece holding member to process the finished top and bottom surfaces (11). In addition, the upper and lower surface processing steps by the finishing side surface that processes the finishing top surface (12) while holding the top surface (22) horizontally.
A method of processing a polyhedron characterized by comprising: A holding device for a workpiece used in the processing method according to claim 1,
A first holding portion (41) and a second holding portion (42) that detachably hold two adjacent side surfaces of the workpiece, and fitting grooves (45A) formed on opposite sides of the holding portions, respectively. , 45B) with a piece member (40),
A plurality of piece holding members (50A, 50B ) having respective attachment fixing portions ( 51A, 51B, 51C, 51D, 51E ) which are detachably fitted and attached to any of the fitting grooves of the piece members. , 50C, 50D, 51E)
Two adjacent side surfaces opposite to the two adjacent side surfaces of the workpiece held by the piece members fixed and fixed to the mounting fixing portions (51A, 51D) are finished processed surfaces (K). A side surface processing piece holding member (50A, 50D) having a horizontal holding portion (55A, 55D) for holding horizontally,
Similarly, a horizontal holding portion that holds horizontally so that the upper surface or the lower surface of the workpiece held by the piece member fixed and fixed to the mounting fixing portion (51B, 51C, 51E) becomes a finished surface (K). (55B, 55C, 55E) Top or bottom processing piece holding member (50B, 50C, 50E)
A polyhedron processing and holding device characterized by comprising: The first holding part and the second holding part of the piece member are such that two adjacent finishing side faces not held by the first and second holding parts are perpendicular to each other with the common side (14) as an axis. The polyhedron processing and holding device according to claim 2 , wherein the polyhedral processing and holding device is formed by inclined surfaces. The bottom and sides of the bridge member is formed as a plane perpendicular to claim 3 in which the finish side perpendicular are arranged parallel surfaces respectively to the bottom and sides of the common sides as the shaft The process holding | maintenance apparatus of the polyhedron of description. The polyhedron processing and holding device according to any one of claims 2 to 4 , wherein each holding portion of the piece member is formed as an adhesive surface by an adhesive. The polyhedron processing and holding device according to any one of claims 2 to 4 , wherein each holding portion of the piece member is formed as a vacuum suction surface by a vacuum device. The polyhedron processing and holding device according to any one of claims 2 to 4 , wherein each holding portion of the piece member is formed as a freeze-bonded surface made of cyclic polydimethylsiloxane. The piece holding member is placed on a surface plate (T), and the piece member is detachably attached and fixed to the attachment fixing portion by turning on and off an electromagnet installed on the surface plate, and the piece holding member is The polyhedron processing holding device according to any one of claims 2 to 7 , which is detachably fixed to a surface plate. The polyhedron processing and holding device according to any one of claims 2 to 8 , wherein a plurality of piece members are attached and fixed to the piece holding member.

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