JP4963506B2 - How to regenerate a bridge - Google Patents
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- JP4963506B2 JP4963506B2 JP2009215546A JP2009215546A JP4963506B2 JP 4963506 B2 JP4963506 B2 JP 4963506B2 JP 2009215546 A JP2009215546 A JP 2009215546A JP 2009215546 A JP2009215546 A JP 2009215546A JP 4963506 B2 JP4963506 B2 JP 4963506B2
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 17
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007596 consolidation process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl urethane Chemical compound CCOC(N)=O JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010883 coal ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006248 expandable polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012783 reinforcing fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009418 renovation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012876 topography Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/60—Planning or developing urban green infrastructure
Landscapes
- Road Paving Structures (AREA)
- Bridges Or Land Bridges (AREA)
Description
本発明は橋梁を再生する方法に関するものである。
The present invention relates to a method for regenerating a bridge.
我が国で山間部に設置したような小規模な橋梁において、その架け替えや補修が必要とされているものは、架設の時期からみて数十万件に及ぶと言われている。
そのような橋梁の補強、改修の技術としては、強化繊維シートを張り付けるような耐震補強方法が知られている。（特許文献１）
あるいは、橋梁の高欄や表面舗装、床版、支承といった、橋梁の構造の一部を改修、補強する方法が知られている。（特許文献２）
さらに、老朽化した橋梁はいったんすべてを解体してしまい、新たな橋梁をかけ直す方法も採用されている。
It is said that there are hundreds of thousands of small-scale bridges that need to be replaced or repaired in mountainous areas in Japan from the time of construction.
As a technique for reinforcing and rehabilitating such a bridge, an earthquake-proof reinforcement method in which a reinforcing fiber sheet is attached is known. (Patent Document 1)
Alternatively, a method for repairing and reinforcing a part of the bridge structure such as a bridge rail, surface pavement, floor slab, and support is known. (Patent Document 2)
In addition, a method has been adopted in which all the old bridges are once dismantled and a new bridge is rebuilt.
前記した従来の橋梁の補修方法にあっては、次のような問題点がある。
＜１＞ 一般に採用されているのは、特許文献に挙げたように、橋梁の一部の改修、補強であり、橋梁全体を対象としたものは見つからない。
＜２＞ 実際に現場で採用されている改修、補強工法では、橋梁上の通行を止めたり、一部を制限する方法であって、周辺の環境や経済活動に大きな影響を及ぼす。
＜３＞ 特に、老朽化した橋梁をいったん解体して、あらたな橋梁をかけ直す方法では、長期間にわたって通行が不可能となったり、仮の桟橋を仮設するなど、利用者や発注者に大きな負担がかかっている。
The conventional bridge repairing method described above has the following problems.
<1> As generally mentioned in the patent literature, some of the bridges are renovated and reinforced, and no one that covers the entire bridge is found.
<2> The renovation and reinforcement methods actually used in the field are methods that stop or partially restrict traffic on the bridge and have a great impact on the surrounding environment and economic activities.
<3> In particular, the method of dismantling an old bridge and re-connecting it to a new bridge makes it difficult for users and clients to order for a long period of time, such as disabling traffic for a long time or installing a temporary pier. There is a burden.
上記のような課題を解決するために、本発明の橋梁の再生方法は、橋台と橋台の間、あるいは橋台と橋脚の間に床板をかけ渡した橋梁において、前記の橋台と橋台、あるいは橋台と橋脚の間の空間を包囲する状態で、少なくとも橋梁の谷側に道路などの進路方向と平行に遮断壁を形成し、この遮断壁の山側の空間の内部に固結材を充填して行うことを特徴としたものである。
さらに本発明の橋梁の再生方法は、橋台と橋台の間、あるいは橋台と橋脚の間に床板をかけ渡した橋梁において、前記の橋台と橋台、あるいは橋台と橋脚の間の空間を包囲する状態で、少なくとも橋梁の谷側に道路などの進路方向と平行に遮断壁を形成するに際し、この遮断壁を、橋梁の側面から離れた位置に形成し、この遮断壁の山側の空間の内部に、橋梁の床版と同一高さまで固結材を充填して行うことを特徴としたものである。
上記の工法に使用する固化材としては、軽量盛土材を採用することができる。
In order to solve the above-described problems, a method for regenerating a bridge according to the present invention is the above-described abutment and abutment, or the abutment in a bridge in which a floor plate is bridged between the abutment and the abutment or between the abutment and the pier. In a state of surrounding the space between the piers, form a barrier wall parallel to the direction of the road, such as roads, at least on the valley side of the bridge, and fill the interior of the space on the mountain side of this barrier wall with a binder. It is characterized by.
Furthermore, the method for regenerating a bridge according to the present invention is a bridge in which a floor board is bridged between an abutment and an abutment, and a space between the abutment and the abutment or between the abutment and the pier is surrounded. When forming a barrier wall at least on the valley side of the bridge parallel to the direction of the road, etc., this barrier wall is formed at a position away from the side surface of the bridge, and the bridge wall is formed in the space on the mountain side of the barrier wall. It is characterized by filling with a consolidation material to the same height as the floor slab.
As the solidifying material used in the above construction method, a lightweight embankment material can be adopted.
本発明の橋梁の再生方法は以上説明したようになるから次のような効果を得ることができる。
＜１＞ 橋梁の一部の補修、補強ではなく、橋梁全体の再生である。
＜２＞ 老朽化した橋梁全体を、解体せずに再生する方法である。
＜３＞ 橋梁全体を補修する方法でありながら、現状の交通にまったく影響を与えないので、周辺の経済環境を乱すことがない。
＜４＞ 老朽化した橋梁をいったん解体して再度、新たな橋梁を架設するのと同様の効果を得られながら、大幅なコスト削減を期待できる。
＜５＞ 橋梁の幅員を増加する場合にも、現在の橋梁上の交通にまったく影響を与えずに行うことができる。
Since the bridge regeneration method of the present invention is as described above, the following effects can be obtained.
<1> Regeneration of the entire bridge, not repair or reinforcement of a part of the bridge.
<2> This is a method to regenerate the entire aging bridge without dismantling it.
<3> Although it is a method of repairing the entire bridge, it will not affect the current traffic at all, so it will not disturb the surrounding economic environment.
<4> A significant cost reduction can be expected while obtaining the same effect as dismantling an old bridge and constructing a new bridge again.
<5> Even if the width of the bridge is increased, it can be done without affecting the current traffic on the bridge.
以下図面を参照にしながら本発明の好適な実施の形態を詳細に説明する。 DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
＜１＞ 対象とする橋梁。
本発明の再生方法、再生の一つとしての拡幅方法の対象とする橋梁は、図１に示すように、橋台と橋台の間、あるいは橋台と橋脚ａの間に床板ｂをかけ渡したような橋梁Ａである。
単純梁で構成した橋梁はもちろん、連続梁、ラーメン構造、さらには吊橋、斜長橋もその対象とすることができる。
また道路橋でも鉄道橋、水路橋など用途の限定はない。
橋梁Ａを構成する材料は、コンクリートであっても鋼材であっても対象とすることができる。
なお、本願発明の方法は後述するように橋梁全体をそのまま支持してしまう、というか、巻き込んでしまうという、従来の「補修」「補強」「改修」「修繕」などの概念、用語に該当しない工法である。
そのために適切な表現がないのでとりあえず「再生」という用語で説明するが、権利解釈上では本願発明の「再生」は従来の技術用語としての「再生」の概念に限定されないものであることを明確にしておく。
<1> The target bridge.
As shown in FIG. 1, the bridge to be subjected to the regeneration method of the present invention and the widening method as one of the regenerations is such that the floor board b is bridged between the abutment and the abutment or between the abutment and the pier a. Bridge A.
Not only bridges composed of simple beams, but also continuous beams, rigid frame structures, suspension bridges and cable-stayed bridges can be targeted.
There are no restrictions on the use of road bridges such as railway bridges and waterway bridges.
The material constituting the bridge A can be a target whether it is concrete or steel.
In addition, the method of the present invention does not fall under the conventional concepts and terms of “repair”, “reinforcement”, “repair”, “repair”, etc., that the entire bridge is supported as it is or will be involved as will be described later. It is a construction method.
For this reason, since there is no appropriate expression, it will be explained using the term “reproduction” for the time being. However, it is clear that “reproduction” of the present invention is not limited to the concept of “reproduction” as a conventional technical term in terms of rights interpretation. Keep it.
＜２＞遮断壁の設置。
前記の橋台と橋台、あるいは橋台と橋脚の間の空間を包囲する状態で、橋梁Ａの少なくとも片側、あるいは両側に道路の進路方向と平行に遮断壁１を形成する。
この遮断壁１としては、たとえば幅２メートル、高さ１メートル程度の薄いコンクリートパネルを積み重ねる工法を採用することができる。
その場合に、コンクリートパネルの内部や背面にＰＣ鋼線、鋼棒を貫通させ、この鋼線や鋼棒を緊張することによって、コンクリートパネルを立ち上げることができる。
コンクリートパネル群は、鉛直に、あるいは一定の角度で橋梁Ａ側に倒した姿勢で積み上げて遮断壁１を形成する。
この遮断壁１の高さは、対象とする橋梁Ａの床版の高さ程度である。
さらにこの遮断壁１を設置する位置は、遮断壁１の上の縁が、橋梁Ａの高欄ｃの外側に接する程度に構築する。
このような遮断壁１の設置工事は、橋梁Ａの上を使用せず、橋梁Ａの下から行うから、橋梁Ａ上の交通を妨げることがない。
遮断壁１は、橋梁Ａの両側に設置する場合に限らず、図２に示す実施例のように谷側にのみ設置する場合もある。
谷側にのみ設置した場合には、山側の自然の斜面がそのまま山側の遮断壁として機能することになる。
<2> Installation of barrier walls.
In the state of surrounding the space between the abutment and the abutment or between the abutment and the pier, the barrier wall 1 is formed on at least one side or both sides of the bridge A in parallel with the road direction of the road.
As the blocking wall 1, for example, a method of stacking thin concrete panels having a width of about 2 meters and a height of about 1 meter can be employed.
In that case, a concrete panel can be started by penetrating a PC steel wire or a steel bar through the interior or back of the concrete panel and tensioning the steel wire or the steel bar.
The concrete panel group is piled up in a posture tilted vertically or at a certain angle toward the bridge A to form the barrier wall 1.
The height of the blocking wall 1 is about the height of the floor slab of the target bridge A.
Further, the position where the blocking wall 1 is installed is constructed such that the upper edge of the blocking wall 1 is in contact with the outside of the rail c of the bridge A.
Since the installation work of such a blocking wall 1 is performed from below the bridge A without using the top of the bridge A, traffic on the bridge A is not hindered.
The blocking wall 1 is not limited to being installed on both sides of the bridge A, but may be installed only on the valley side as in the embodiment shown in FIG.
When it is installed only on the valley side, the natural slope on the mountain side functions as a mountain-side barrier as it is.
＜３＞排水機能の確保。
橋梁Ａの下には雨水や地下水が集まって流れを形成しているから、それを遮断してはならない。
そのために、橋梁Ａを横断する方向に排水通路を貫通させる。
さらに地表面に市販の各種の排水材料を、橋梁Ａを横断する方向に敷設しておく。
<3> Ensure drainage function.
Since rainwater and groundwater gather under the bridge A to form a flow, it must not be blocked.
For this purpose, the drainage passage is penetrated in a direction crossing the bridge A.
Furthermore, various commercially available drainage materials are laid in the direction crossing the bridge A on the ground surface.
＜４＞固結材の充填。
上記の工程で、橋梁Ａの谷側、あるいは両側に遮断壁１を立ち上げると、橋梁Ａの下部が包囲されて空間が形成されることになる。
図の実施例のように遮断壁１を谷側だけに立ちあげると、山側は自然の地形が遮断壁を構成することになる。
この遮断壁１と橋梁Ａの床版で包囲した空間の内部に公知の固結材２を充填する。
固結材２としては、後述するように軽量盛土材として知られている公知の材料を使用することができる。
このような固結材２は、流動化しているので、パイプを利用して、包囲された空間に充填することができる。
橋梁Ａの下面において水平梁が縦横に配置してある場合には、橋梁Ａの直下の空間だけは橋梁Ａの床版に充填孔を開口して、そこまで充填用パイプを配置して充填を行う。
このような固結材２の供給工事は、橋梁Ａの上をほとんど使用せず、橋梁Ａ以外の周囲の地上空間から行うことができるから、橋梁Ａ上の交通を妨げることがない。
なお、充填前には地表面に防水シートの敷設、モルタルの吹き付け、アンカーボルトの打設、など、固結材２の供給前に一般に行われている各種の公知の予備工事を行う。
<4> Filling with consolidated material.
In the above process, when the blocking wall 1 is raised on the valley side or both sides of the bridge A, the lower part of the bridge A is surrounded and a space is formed.
If the barrier wall 1 is raised only on the valley side as in the embodiment shown in the figure, the natural topography forms the barrier wall on the mountain side.
A known solidified material 2 is filled in the space surrounded by the barrier wall 1 and the floor slab of the bridge A.
As the consolidated material 2, a known material known as a lightweight embankment material can be used as will be described later.
Since such a consolidated material 2 is fluidized, the enclosed space can be filled using a pipe.
When horizontal beams are arranged vertically and horizontally on the lower surface of the bridge A, only the space directly under the bridge A has a filling hole opened in the floor slab of the bridge A, and a filling pipe is arranged to fill the hole. Do.
Such a supply work of the consolidated material 2 can be carried out from the surrounding ground space other than the bridge A without using the top of the bridge A, so that traffic on the bridge A is not hindered.
In addition, before filling, various well-known preparatory works generally performed before supplying the consolidated material 2, such as laying a waterproof sheet on the ground surface, spraying mortar, and placing anchor bolts, are performed.
＜５＞固結材による支持。
この工程によって、遮断壁１で包囲した橋梁Ａの下部の全体に固結材２が充填する。
すると、橋梁Ａの全体の荷重は、橋台ｄや橋脚ａによるのではなく、その下に位置する固結材２で受けることになる。
すなわち橋台や橋脚によって得られる支持力を無視して、固結材２のブロックだけで床版ｂや降雪の死荷重、通行車両の活荷重、地震時の水平荷重のすべてを受けることになる。
いわば、コンクリート製、鋼製の床版を、地表面に寝かして置いた状態と同じことになる。
したがって単純梁構造の橋脚はもちろん、連続梁、ラーメン構造、さらには吊橋、斜長橋もその対象とすることができる。
また、老朽化した橋梁Ａのその場しのぎの一部の改修ではなく、基本的な架け替え策、再生策として採用することができる。
<5> Support with a binder.
By this step, the whole of the lower part of the bridge A surrounded by the blocking wall 1 is filled with the consolidated material 2.
Then, the entire load of the bridge A is received not by the abutment d or the pier a but by the consolidated material 2 located thereunder.
In other words, ignoring the supporting force obtained by the abutment and the pier, the floor slab b, the dead load of snowfall, the live load of the passing vehicle, and the horizontal load at the time of the earthquake are all received only by the block of the consolidated material 2.
In other words, it is the same as placing a concrete or steel floor slab on the ground.
Therefore, not only piers with a simple beam structure, but also continuous beams, rigid frame structures, suspension bridges and cable-stayed bridges can be targeted.
In addition, it can be used as a basic replacement measure and renewal measure, rather than repairing part of the old bridge A.
＜６＞固結材の種類。
この固結材２としては、軽量盛土を採用することができる。
軽量盛土料とは、道路などの盛土を軽くして地盤に加わる負荷を軽減するために使用する材料である。
軽量盛土材としては、ＥＰＳと称する発泡スチロールブロック、ＦＣＢと称する気泡混合軽量土、発泡ウレタン軽量土、発泡ビーズ混合軽量土などが知られており、それらを採用する。
この他にもスーパーソル，石炭灰，水砕スラグなどが知られており、それらを採用することもできる。
<6> Types of consolidated materials.
As this consolidated material 2, a lightweight embankment can be adopted.
Lightweight embankment is a material used to lighten embankments such as roads and reduce the load on the ground.
As the lightweight embankment material, a foamed polystyrene block called EPS, a bubble mixed lightweight soil called FCB, a foamed urethane lightweight soil, a foamed bead mixed lightweight soil, and the like are known, and these are adopted.
In addition, Supersol, coal ash, granulated slag, etc. are known, and these can also be adopted.
＜７＞橋梁の拡幅。
以上の説明は橋梁Ａの下部空間に固結材２を充填して、橋梁Ａ全体を支持する工法であった。
本発明の工法は、再生策の一つとして、橋梁Ａを拡幅する場合にも採用することができる。
その場合には、遮断壁１を形成するに際し、図７、８に示すように、橋梁Ａの両側に道路の進路方向と平行に形成する遮断壁１を、橋梁Ａの側面から離れた位置に形成する。
遮断壁１が鉛直の場合には、その離れた距離が、拡幅寸法である。
遮断壁１が橋梁Ａ側に傾斜している場合には、遮断壁１の上端と、橋梁Ａの高欄ｃ付近との離れた距離が拡幅寸法ということになる。
そして上記の方法と同様に、遮断壁１と橋梁Ａ下面で包囲した空間の内部に、橋梁Ａの床版と同一高さまで固結材２を充填する。
遮断壁１で包囲した空間とは、橋梁Ａの下部の空間、およびその空間と遮断壁１との間隔の空間である。
高欄ｃの位置まで達した固結材２の上面に舗装を施して拡幅部分を新たな歩道として利用することができる。
あるいは、旧橋脚の高欄ｃを撤去するなどの工事を行って橋梁Ａ全体の拡幅を完成する。
<7> Widening of the bridge.
The above description is a construction method in which the lower space of the bridge A is filled with the consolidation material 2 to support the entire bridge A.
The construction method of the present invention can also be adopted when widening the bridge A as one of the regeneration measures.
In that case, when the barrier wall 1 is formed, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the barrier walls 1 formed on both sides of the bridge A in parallel with the course direction of the road are positioned away from the side surface of the bridge A. Form.
When the blocking wall 1 is vertical, the distance away is the widening dimension.
When the blocking wall 1 is inclined to the bridge A side, the distance between the upper end of the blocking wall 1 and the vicinity of the rail c of the bridge A is the widening dimension.
Similarly to the above method, the solidified material 2 is filled up to the same height as the floor slab of the bridge A in the space surrounded by the blocking wall 1 and the lower surface of the bridge A.
The space surrounded by the blocking wall 1 is a space below the bridge A and a space between the space and the blocking wall 1.
The widened portion can be used as a new sidewalk by paving the upper surface of the consolidated material 2 reaching the position of the rail c.
Alternatively, the widening of the entire bridge A is completed by performing a construction such as removing the rail c of the old pier.
Ａ：橋梁
１：遮断壁
２：固結材
A: Bridge 1: Blocking wall 2: Solidified material
Claims (3)
少なくとも橋梁の谷側に、橋梁上の道路などの進路方向と平行に遮断壁を形成し、
この遮断壁の山側と橋梁の下面で構成した空間の内部に、
固結材を充填して行うことを特徴とした、
橋梁の再生方法。
In the bridge between the abutment and the abutment or between the abutment and the pier,
At least on the valley side of the bridge, form a barrier wall parallel to the direction of the road such as the road on the bridge,
Inside the space composed of the mountain side of this barrier and the lower surface of the bridge,
It is characterized by being filled with a binder.
How to regenerate a bridge.
少なくとも橋梁の谷側に、橋梁上の道路などの進路方向と平行に遮断壁を形成するに際し、
この遮断壁を、
橋梁の側面から離れた位置に形成し、
この遮断壁の山側と橋梁の下面で構成した空間に、
橋梁の床版と同一高さまで固結材を充填して行うことを特徴とした、
橋梁の再生方法。
In the bridge between the abutment and the abutment or between the abutment and the pier,
When forming a barrier wall at least on the valley side of the bridge, parallel to the direction of the road such as the road on the bridge,
This barrier
Formed at a position away from the side of the bridge,
In the space composed of the mountain side of this barrier and the lower surface of the bridge,
It is characterized by filling with a binder to the same height as the bridge slab,
How to regenerate a bridge.
固結材としては、軽量盛土材を採用した、
橋梁の再生方法。 The method according to claim 1 or 2,
As the consolidated material, a lightweight embankment material was adopted.
How to regenerate a bridge.
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