JP4963012B2 - Japanese stone filter material, Japanese stone fired gravel material, or fish breeding method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention is to grind stone processing scraps such as scraps and grinding scraps generated during mining and processing of stones, as well as crushing rough stones and defective stones into gravel or sand, or adding water to the stone powder. Baked gravel material or molded calcined gravel material made of granite stone, which is used for water purification materials, filter materials, horticultural or greening materials, and civil engineering materials after being molded into granules It is about.

  Stone material is mined and then processed into various products, but a large amount of scrap material and grinding / polishing waste are generated at the stage of mining and processing. In the past, these scraps have been disposed of in landfills where they have been disposed of, but stone processing companies in various regions are suffering from the decline in landfills and rising processing costs.

  This is also the case with Kuroshiki stone, a kind of tuffy sandstone. The powder was previously used for glaze of stone stone roof tiles, but its use is now decreasing. For this reason, many vendors deal with the processing waste by processing the processing waste and storing it on their premises, but this is not a drastic measure, and the processing of the processing waste is large. It is a problem.

  Furthermore, in the case of visiting stones, brittle parts (calcite) rich in calcium carbonate may be included due to insufficient metamorphosis, but such parts are not suitable for processing, so they remain as stone materials even if they are mined. There is also a significant proportion of bad stones that are discarded.

Therefore, the inventors of the present invention grinded a large one of the processing scraps into a shape of a bowl, a container, a plate, a plate, etc., and then baked it to give a change. Yellow to red to brown depending on the firing temperature. And the weight was reduced by several to 10%. Furthermore, when charcoal, firewood and other carbon sources were placed nearby and fired, they were fired in a partially tanned state, and very elegant figurines and flower pots were obtained (Patent Document 1).
JP 2003-026484 A

  However, the processing waste is not only large, but even if it is large, there are some that are poorly shaped and difficult to grind into baskets, containers, dishes, plates and the like. In practice, these are almost all, and it is extremely difficult to process a large amount of processed stone from the waiting stone with the above technique.

  On the other hand, the import of stone processing products has increased recently, and the reduction of stone processing production in Japan is remarkable. In particular, in the case of visiting stones, the mainstay of which was lanterns, combined with the decrease in Japanese-style architecture, the shipping value is a fraction of that of the peak. Therefore, in order to revitalize the processing and mining industry of visiting stones, it is an urgent issue to increase the use of raw stones themselves or the remaining defective stone materials (hereinafter referred to as raw stones) not only from the above-mentioned processing waste but also from the raw stones. is there.

  Therefore, the present inventors pay attention to the fact that when the waiting stones are fired, the water content increases or the water becomes leaky when water is put into the container. The present invention has been completed with the idea that it is crushed and fired in the shape of sand or sand and used as a filtering material, horticultural / greening material, civil engineering material or the like.

  In general, a filter medium (hereinafter also referred to as a filter medium) refers to a material for separating a solid substance from a liquid, but the filter medium referred to in the present invention is mainly used for purification of water (particularly biological filtration). This refers to the material used. However, it also has the function of separating fine solid substances such as suspended solids like sand filtration.

  For example, when breeding appreciation fish, it is necessary to filter the breeding water. In this case, there are physical filtration, chemical filtration, and biological filtration (nitrification). Physical filtration is filtration that physically removes dust using a wool mat such as glass fiber, and chemical filtration is a harmful substance (ammonia in the water tank) that has an adsorption effect such as activated carbon or zeolite. Etc.), and since the effect is limited, periodic replacement is required. Biological filtration (nitrification), on the other hand, refers to filtration that changes harmful ammonia emitted by appetizing fish into harmless substances (nitrates) by bacteria. Porous substances such as barley stone, coral sand, and ceramics are easy to propagate. A quality material is used as a filter medium.

  However, barley stone, coral sand, ceramics, etc. are quite expensive. The burnt stones made from Kisekiishi gravel show the same or better performance as biofilters, and are inexpensive because they can be obtained simply by crushing them and firing them. It can be dealt with and is extremely meaningful. In addition, the fired product is porous because, as will be described later, various stone fragments, crystal fragments, and various substrates are accumulated along with various substrates, and the organic matter is removed by firing. This is because micropores are formed.

  Therefore, the visiting stone filter medium of the present invention is more easily propagated with bacteria as compared to barley stone, coral sand, and commercially available ceramic products, and as a result, the ability to nitrify ammonia is enhanced. Further, it exhibits an excellent property that there is little fluctuation in pH. Furthermore, visiting stones contain a large amount of calcium and iron, and are excellent in adsorption of phosphorus.

  The size of gravel that can be used is a few millimeters to several centimeters (about 2.60 mm to 30 mm: sub-angle gravel) for ordinary small aquariums, but when used for purification of large aquariums, ponds, rivers, etc. Up to a large size (about 30 mm to about several tens of cm in diameter) can be used. Further, the powder of less than sub-gravel (less than 2.60 mm) is kneaded with water and formed into a size of about sub-gravel (2.60-30 mm) and then fired. In addition, on the particle size classification of the soil (both Soil Society and International Soil Society), gravel means 2 mm or more, but in the present invention, 2.60 mm or more is used as gravel because 2.60 mm sieve is used. ing. However, in the present invention, sand of about 0.5 to 2 mm and gravel of less than 2 to 2.60 mm can also be used in the cultivated soil described below. In terms of the particle size classification of the soil, sand is defined as 0.075 to 2 mm (Soil Science Society) or 0.02 to 2 mm (International Soil Society). After all, in the present invention, the crushed product is screened and used according to the application. However, in the case of a filter medium, it is difficult to use if it is too fine, so use a filter medium of about 2.60 mm or more.

  First, a large piece of processing waste or rough or the like is crushed into a gravel or sand with a crusher, benoto, hammer, or the like, and sieved to obtain the above-mentioned rubble, sub-clave or sand. There are many scaly and flat pebbles ground with a lathe. This processed debris is a sub-gravel having a thickness of about 2 to 5 mm and a length and width of about 2.60 mm to 30 mm. These gravels and sub-slabs may be fired as they are, but the corners may be rounded or partly pulverized by using a Los Angeles grinding test machine that conducts a grinding test. In many cases, this is effective for washing the filter medium for small water tanks and the like so as not to hurt the hand.

On the other hand, the waiting stone powder of the present invention is obtained by crushing rough stones, defective stone materials, mill ends, grinding scraps, etc. with crushers and crushers such as crushers and rollers, ) Is obtained by sieving (2.60 mm or less) as it is. The particle size distribution is almost similar to the particle size accumulation curve of FIG. 3 and includes about 5% or less of gravel (classified by the Japan Geotechnical Society) of 2.60 mm or less.

  The molding is performed by a known method such as an extrusion method or a rotating disk method. In the present invention, it was experimentally molded using a concrete (mortar) mixer (a kind of rotating disk method). However, in order to manufacture in large quantities, it is preferable to use an extruder or to extrude and shape the rotating disk. When a concrete mixer is used, 10 kg (10% water content) of granite stone powder is placed in the mixer and gradually added with 2 to 3 L of water while rotating. The particle size is 2.60 mm to 3 cm, depending on the condition of the water and the rotation time. Those smaller than 2.60 mm have poor molding efficiency, but can be used for horticulture. Although the molded product is spherical, it may be crushed into a flat shape. When this flat shaped product or flat gravel-like lathe scrap is fired, there is an advantage that when the container is filled, resistance is generated in the flow of water from above and the contact time is increased. In the case of molding by extrusion method, water is kneaded and used at a ratio of 10 to 40 parts by weight, more preferably 20 to 30 parts by weight, with respect to 100 parts by weight of the visiting stone powder. The kneading method is not particularly limited, but if a small concrete mixer is used, a small amount of kneaded material can be easily obtained. In the case of a large amount, a larger mixer may be used. The molded product is fired after drying. In addition, when the molded product is baked, a powder of about sand (2 mm or less) or silt (0.02 mm or less) can often be produced at about 1%. This sand and silt should be sifted and used for gardening.

  When molding, seed materials such as rice husks, wood chips, and rock grains are placed in a mixer and rotated together with the waiting stone powder, so that the seed material can be molded as a core, so there is an advantage that a large one can be molded quickly. Muddy water (bentonite water) may be used instead of water. Furthermore, as an extender, sludge that has not been dehydrated (moisture of 100 to 300%) and construction sludge (mud collected in the dam and containing a large amount of moisture as sludge) is about 20 to 30% by weight. When mixed with the body, there is an advantage that an exactly molded product can be formed, and there is no need for dehydration treatment or disposal treatment such as sludge. When the seed material is organic, such as rice husk, it is carbonized by firing, but a part of the carbon leaks from the fine pores of the fired grains and the whole color becomes dark.

  When the thus obtained breccia, subbreccia, sand or granular powder compact is fired, the iron contained therein is oxidized and colored red or brown. At the same time, the minute organic matter contained therein burns and disappears, and the portion becomes continuous micropores. Micropores are also generated by the enlargement of voids due to particle bonding such as rock fragments and minerals accompanying vitrification. Then, it can be seen that the surface of the fired product is visually and tactilely sensed as the firing temperature is increased, and the texture is increased to a porous structure by firing. In the case of using organic seed materials such as rice husks and wood chips, these organic substances are carbonized during firing to form sardines and cavities. The molded calcined gravel material of the present invention uses a visitor stone powder containing sand and gravel, and therefore has good water mobility, and does not crack due to uneven distribution of water during drying or calcining.

  The coming stones (the coming rust stones) targeted by the present invention are the tuff that constitutes the lower layer of the Neogene Miocene Izumo Group, which is widely distributed on the southern coast of Lake Shinji in Shimane Prefecture. Sandstone refers to sandstone, and high-quality ones are concentrated in the rocky facies of massive tuffy coarse-grained sandstone. The range is approximately 10km east-west from Yatsuka-gun Tamayu-cho to Shinji-cho, with a width of 1-2km. Exists. This stone is soft and easy to mine and process, and Izumo stone lantern is designated as a traditional craft.

  This coming rust stone is composed of a wide variety of rock fragments and crystal fragments, and a matrix (matrix) that fills the space between them. The size of the rock fragments is often 0.5 mm to 1.0 mm in diameter, and is about 1.5 mm at the maximum. The proportion of rock and crystal fragments is as high as 80%. As rock fragments, andesite, quartz andesite, rhyolite, flowering rock, and various types of tuff have been confirmed. As crystal fragments, plagioclase, pyroxene, amphibole, biotite, opaque minerals, volcanic glass, and altered minerals have been confirmed. In addition, as a substrate (matrix), zeolite, chlorite, and carbonate mineral formed by alteration have been confirmed.

Many of these minerals are called clay minerals, and this is the reason why crushed rust stones can be formed. In addition, because it contains zeolite (zeolite), it is excellent in ammonia adsorption and moisture uptake and discharge. In addition to visiting rust stones, there is what is known as visiting shiroishi. This is chronologically old and has a lot of rhyolite-type montmorillonite, which cannot be used in the present invention. In addition, as shown in Table 1 (analog “Shimane Geology” published by Shimane Prefecture), a lot of iron is included in the incoming rust stone (6.13% as Fe ₂ O ₃ ). Therefore, the porcelain clay of the present invention is colored red, brown to black color when fired. However, in the case of the present invention, since it is used as a filter material or a greening material, the color of the fired product does not matter. In the table, the numerical value indicates weight percent. Further, as is apparent from Table 1, the incoming rust stone contains about 7% loss on burning (Ig. Loss). This is an ancient plant residue, which disappears during firing and creates micropores.

  Next, the firing temperature will be described. The firing temperature in the present invention is 800 ° C to 1180 ° C. If it is 800 ° C. or lower, the mineral cannot be vitrified and become brittle. Moreover, when it exceeds 1200 degreeC, it will melt | dissolve (melt) and will become tattered. 1180 ° C. is the limit to keep the stone shape. 1100 ° C. to 1150 ° C. is preferable in terms of strength. This is an important element for preventing the filter medium for aquarium from being crushed and finely divided when regularly washed. On the other hand, the degree of micropores is determined by the water absorption rate as will be described later. However, if the firing temperature is low, the removal of organic substances is small, so that there are few micropores, and if it is too high, the micropores are crushed and the water absorption rate decreases. A preferable firing temperature is about 1100 ° C to 1140 ° C.

  In addition, the temperature said here means the maximum temperature. That is, FIG. 5 shows an example of a firing temperature pattern in the case of using an electric kiln. The temperature is gradually raised from room temperature to 1120 ° C. and then lowered. The firing temperature in this case is referred to as 1120 ° C. The temperature is gradually raised from room temperature over 8 hours, and the power is turned off when the temperature reaches 1120 ° C. Then, it is allowed to cool naturally over 10 hours, and when the temperature reaches 300 ° C., the kiln lid is opened. In the case of Patent Document 1, since the object is large, the temperature was increased and decreased over time (about twice). However, in the case of gravels and sand, the object is small and the heat capacity is small. The temperature rise / fall time is sufficient. For larger gravel it takes some time.

  When firing small particles such as gravels and sand in an electric kiln, they are put in an unglazed “saya”, but in the case of large gravel, they may be packed in a kiln and fired. The present invention is not limited to an electric kiln, and a kiln using a fuel such as oil, gas, or firewood is naturally used. In addition to a single kiln, it can also be fired in climbing kilns and continuous kilns. In order to increase production efficiency, it is better to bake gravel, sub-gravel and sand in a large heat-resistant container in a continuous kiln.

  The above description has been made on the filter material. However, the firewood gravel material and molded fired gravel material according to the present invention can be used for various purposes by utilizing the water permeability and water retention due to their continuous porosity, and the ability to purify water. Can be considered. For example, sewage and drainage purifiers and filter media, horticultural and greening materials such as pots and planters and rooftop greening soil, subterranean infiltration materials and roadbed materials under permeable pavement, and sandpile substitutes used for ground improvement Civil engineering materials such as. That is, it can be used in the same manner as conventional gravel and sand, and has excellent performance.

  As described above in detail, the present invention is a crushed or sandy crushed product or a granular molded product of a visit stone (a visit rust stone) of 800 ° C to 1180 ° C, more preferably 1100 ° C to 1140 ° C. Fired at the temperature of

Therefore,
(1) Conventionally, it is possible to effectively use processing scraps and defective stone materials such as grinding stone scraps and grinding scraps that have been discarded without use, and a large amount of processing is possible.
(2) Since the processing stones and defective stone materials of the waiting stones are simply crushed or shaped into pebbles and fired, they can be processed in large quantities at a relatively low cost.
(3) A filter medium for biological filtration having an excellent effect on removing ammonia from water in an aquarium, a creek, a pond, and the like can be obtained.
(4) Permeability and water retention due to continuous porosity and water purifying ability, purifying and filtering materials for sewage and drainage, gardening and planting materials such as pot and planter soil and rooftop greening soil, underground infiltration It can be widely used for civil engineering materials such as roadbed materials under permeable pavement materials and sand pile substitutes used for ground improvement.
It is possible to commercialize waste with a little effort and cost, and it will be a savior for the visiting stone related industries.

  A crushed stone with a diameter of about 2.60mm to 30mm is filled into an unglazed "sheath", placed in an electric kiln and fired at a firing temperature of 1120 ° C. Get gravel material.

(Manufacture of filter media 1)
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows a visiting stone filter medium 1 according to the present invention. This filter medium 1 is obtained by firing sub-gravels 2 made of lathe scraps of a waiting stone by polishing the corners and each surface to about 5 mm to 3 cm with a Los Angeles grinding test machine under the following conditions. There are many continuous fine holes 3.

  Firing was carried out by packing an unfired sheath 5 having a diameter of 35 cm and a height of 20 cm filled with sub-angular gravel 2 in an electric kiln 4 (1 m × 1 m × 1 m) shown in FIG. The firing conditions followed FIG. In FIG. 4, reference numeral 41 is a heat insulating material, 42 is a heater, 43 is a lid, and 44 is a vent hole.

  Firing was performed three times at temperatures of 1100 ° C., 1120 ° C., and 1140 ° C., where the strength of the fired stones was large. As a result, the water absorption rate of the filter medium 1 obtained was about 11% at 1100 ° C., about 8.5% at 1120 ° C., and about 6% at 1140 ° C. (immersion for 60 minutes). Each variation is caused by the unglazed pod, the position of 5 and the firing conditions. This water absorption rate can be regarded as substantially equal to the porosity. The water absorption of sub-angle gravel 2 (unfired) is about 4%. In the case of Patent Document 1, the water absorption was 2.59% for raw stone, 3.17% for 800 ° C. firing, 10.68% for 1120 ° C. firing, and 10.84% for 1150 ° C. firing. It seems that both were due to different firing conditions (patterns) and rough stones.

(Purification test 1-fresh water)
A comparative experiment was conducted on the ammonia treatment capacity of the Kuroshiki filter material 1 obtained in Example 1 and a commercially available barley stone and ceramic (Aheimec).
(1) Measurement conditions 4.5 L of purified water was put into a water tank (Tetra PL-17: 170 mm x 170 mm x 170 mm), and the water tank was set using 0.8 kg of each filter medium, and bubbling and water circulation were performed. Thereafter, 6 goldfish (3 cm in size) were added, and pH and ammonia concentration were measured. The pH was measured with a pH meter HM-20P from Toa DK, and ammonia was measured with Tetratest NH ₃ / NH ₄ ⁺ .
(2) Measurement results FIG. 7 shows changes in pH measurement values, and FIG. 8 shows changes in NH ₃ measurement values. In addition, as for the aquarium set, goldfish was introduced on July 15 and July 23, 2003, goldfish moved on July 31, purified water was added on August 18, and filtration bacteria (waist control) were introduced. . The results are shown in Table 2.

  From Table 2, it can be seen that the Kuroshiki filter media 1 has a smaller pH fluctuation and is stable compared to barley stone and ceramics, and the ammonia concentration decreases quickly, so that the breeding of bacteria in which the Kuroshiki filter media performs biological filtration. It can be said that it is suitable for.

  The same test was conducted for the Wool filter medium and no filter medium. The gold fish in the Wool filter medium was on July 24 (the day after the goldfish was introduced), and the goldfish in the Aquarium without filter medium was July 25. Each day died on the next day. Also, the goldfish in the ceramic filter media tank died on July 26 (3 days later).

(Purification test 2-seawater)
A comparative experiment was conducted on the ammonia treatment ability of the Kuroshiki filter media 1 obtained in Example 1 and commercially available cinnabar sand.
(1) Measurement condition 1
Put 60L of artificial seawater (Sea Life: manufactured by Marine Tech Co., Ltd.) 60L in a 60cm glass aquarium (60x30x36cm), and set each filter medium 5.6L in a filtration tank (Lacy-RF-60), bubbling and circulating water And heating (200W heater) and illumination (Nisso 2 lamp light) were performed. Then, appreciation fish (devast medusa and cobalt) were added, and ammonia concentration, nitrite concentration, nitrate concentration and pH were measured. The reagent used for the measurement is Aquamarine Pro “PRO”. The test period is from October 28, 2003 to January 29, 2004.

(2) Measurement condition 2
FIG. 9 shows the ammonia concentration, nitrite concentration, and nitrate concentration in the case of Kuroshiki filter media, and FIG. 10 shows the ammonia concentration, nitrite concentration, and nitrate concentration in the case of cinnabar. In addition, pH was settled in the range of 7.9-8.1 in the case of Kuroshiki stone filter material, and 7.7-8.2 in the case of cinnabar sand throughout the period. 9 and 10, (1): 24 devastated daisies were introduced after setting the aquarium on 10/28, (2): Deves medallions were annihilated on 11/05, (3): 20 devours medallions were introduced on 11/21, (4): Devils shark annihilation at 12/01, (5): Water change 25L at 12/05, (6): Cobalt 10 animals, (7): Water change 25L at 12/30, (8): Samurai In the case of sand, cobalt is completely annihilated, and in the case of a stone filter made of Kurusu stone, (9): Only the filter material made of Kurumachi stone, water is changed to 01/29, and 19 pieces of cobalt are introduced. 02/25 Currently, 19 cobalts are alive.

(3) Measurement result In the water tank (FIG. 9) using the visit stone as a filter medium, the maximum value of ammonia was achieved on the 9th day, and the ammonia concentration began to decrease from the 12th day. In the case of cinnabar (FIG. 10), the concentration increased until the 12th day and began to decrease from the 15th day. The waiting stone seems to be slightly faster when ammonia goes up and down. On the 23rd day, the transition from nitrous acid to nitrate showed clearly different data from nitrous acid 25 and nitrate 25 for coral sand compared to nitrite 10 and nitrate 40. From this, it can be said that the adherence rate of bacteria converting nitrite to nitrate is higher than that of coral sand. Moreover, the variation in pH was smaller for the Kuroshiki filter media.
On the other hand, moss always adheres to the glass surface of the aquarium and the heater, giving unfavorable results both visually and growth. In the case of the cinnabar filter medium, moss (tea moss) was considerably adhered, but in the case of the Kuroshiki filter medium, the adhesion was hardly observed. In addition, the color of seawater was less yellowish and more transparent than the Kuroshiki filter media.

(Manufacture of filter media 2)
The granite stone powder, water (types 1 and 2), and seed materials (types 3 and 4) showing the particle size accumulation curve shown in FIG. 3 were used in the proportions shown in Table 3 and molded using a concrete mixer. Except for Type 1, muddy water containing 5% bentonite was used. The production time was about 10 to 15 minutes. Types 3 and 4 were colored black with carbon. When fired at the firing temperature shown in Table 2, molded fired gravel material 10 made of Kurusuishi was obtained as shown in FIG. 2 (a). Reference numeral 11 is a combustion trace of the seed material, and reference numeral 3 is a fine hole. FIG. 2 (b) shows a flat shaped calcined gravel material 12 obtained by pressing and firing a molded product. Each of these molded calcined gravel materials showed higher water absorption than the original stone. This water absorption is approximately the proportion of fine pores. Microorganisms settle here and purify the water.

(Use as greening material)
FIG. 11 shows a state in which the shaped and burned gravel material 10 made of waiting stone obtained in Example 4 is placed in a transparent glass pot 13 and a pothos (houseplant) 14 is planted. The shaped and burned gravel material 10 becomes darker when water is sucked, and the green pothos 14 appears to shine. And the molded baking gravel material 10 has better water retention than Kanuma soil, and the foliage plant 14 is growing smoothly. However, since the molded calcined gravel material 10 becomes alkaline in water, plants that prefer acidity, such as rhododendron, wither or stop growing. In addition to pothos, it is most suitable for plants such as saxifrage, pacula, black pine, moss, orchids such as purple and wind fields, gypsum and moth orchids, and other alkaline plants. Moreover, since it is a sterile soil, the sand and silt obtained by baking a sand-like crushed product and sieving the molded fired gravel are applied to the cultivation soil such as a veranda vegetable garden.

  Although not shown in the drawings, the water permeability is used for roadbed materials for water-permeable paving, and the purification ability, particularly the purification ability for ammonia, is used for purification of rural village drainage. be able to.

  Processed waste stones that have been troubled by processing and storage in the industry, and processed the waste stones and defective stones by crushing and firing them into filter media with excellent biological filtration (nitrification) ability, etc. And do not leave all the bad stones, and treat them in large quantities for effective use.

It is an expansion perspective view which shows the firewood gravel material made from waiting stones of this invention. Example 1 (A), (b) is an expansion perspective view which shows the visiting stone-made shaping | molding baking gravel material of this invention. Example 4 It is a graph which shows the particle size accumulation curve of the visiting stone powder used for this invention. Example 4 It is sectional drawing which shows an example of an electric kiln. Example 1 It is a graph which shows an example of a baking temperature pattern (Example 1). It is a graph which shows the relationship between the water absorptivity and the calcination temperature of a filter material made from Japanese stone. Example 1 It is a graph which shows the change of the pH measured value in fresh water. (Example 2) Is a graph showing changes in NH ₃ measurements in fresh water. (Example 2) It is a graph which shows the relationship between the ammonia concentration, nitrite concentration, nitrate concentration, and date at the time of using a Kuroshiki filter material for seawater. (Example 3) It is a graph which shows the relationship between the ammonia concentration at the time of using a cinnabar filter medium for seawater, nitrite concentration, nitrate concentration, and a date. (Example 3) It is a front view of the state which used the shaping | molding baking gravel material of this invention for the potted soil. (Example 5)

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Filter stone made from stone 2 Sub-angle gravel 3 Fine hole 4 Electric kiln 41 Heat insulating material 42 Heater 43 Lid 44 Vent hole 5 Sheath 10 Molded calcination gravel 11 Seed combustion mark 12 Molded calcination gravel 13 Glass bowl 14 Foliage plant

Claims (5)

By adhering bacteria removing harmful substances in the water tank and ponds and streams to breed fish been made to biological filtration, the 2.60mm~10 few cm of Kimachi stone size of gravel-like crushed product, 2 Granules made from 2.6mm to 3cm by adding water to 2.6mm or less gravel stone powder containing 2.6mm or less gravel (classified by the Geological Society of Japan) , or this visit A filter material made from stone made from stone, characterized in that a granulate formed by adding bentonite water to stone powder to a size of 2.6 mm to 3 cm is fired at a firing temperature of 800 ° C to 1180 ° C. Purification material and water-retaining material of sewage and drainage, gardening materials and greening materials such as soil in the pot, there is to be used for construction materials, such as underground infiltration material or roadbed material, of Kimachi stone 2.60mm~10 number cm the size of the gravel-like crushing products, granules molded by adding water to the one containing 2.6mm following Kimachi stone powder body 2.6mm below gravel (classification of soil Society), or the Kimachi A granite made of stone powder, which is formed by adding bentonite water and calcined at a firing temperature of 800 ° C. to 1180 ° C. 1. A gravels of 2.60 mm to 10 centimeters in size of a waiting stone, which are attached to bacteria that remove harmful substances in fish tanks, ponds and streams, and are biologically filtered . Granules formed by adding water to a granite powder of 2.6 mm or less in a granite stone powder of 6 mm or less , or bentonite water added to this granite stone powder. The baked granule is fired at a firing temperature of 800 ° C. to 1180 ° C., and is then placed in a filter medium tank, a water tank, a pond, and a stream provided outside the fish tank, and the fish is raised in the water tank, the pond, and the stream. In addition, a method for raising fish characterized in that water in a tank, pond, or stream is brought into contact with a filter medium to lower the pH fluctuation of the water and decrease the ammonia concentration.   The filter material made from Kurusu stone or the burned gravel material made from Kuruguishi according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the firing temperature is 1100C to 1140C.   The method for raising fish according to claim 3, wherein the firing temperature is 1100 ° C to 1140 ° C.

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