JP2015129260A - Material for soil - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an inexpensive material for soil utilizing waste and being superior in water permeability, water holding and safety.SOLUTION: A material for soil is provided that contains porous inorganic scraps of which particle size is not more than 30 mm and which consists of at least one of crushed waste roof tiles, crushed waste ceramics and crushed waste bricks, and a compaction material of which particle size is not more than 30 mm. The compaction material can contain at least one of waterworks sludge, paper sludge, polymer and bamboo scraps, or at least one of ground waste roof tiles, ground waste bricks, gypsum scraps, crushed stone (sand) powder and screenings of which particle size is not more than 0.075 mm. Besides, a soil improvement method is provided that blends the material for soil with existing soil.

Description

  The present invention relates to a soil material using waste.

  The amount of general waste and industrial waste is increasing year by year, and the shortage of disposal sites and landfills for these wastes is a major problem. In order to solve such a problem, a method of effectively using waste has been conventionally considered, and one of them is development of a material for soil using waste. Soil materials are mixed with existing soil as soil (ground soil) for athletic fields, stadiums, racetracks, parks, etc., or as soil for cultivating vegetables, fruit trees and garden plants (planting soil) Or it is used alone. For this reason, the soil material is required not only to have soil properties such as water retention, water permeability and fertilizer, but also to have a function of improving the soil properties of existing soil.

  For example, Patent Document 1 discloses soil materials that use various wastes such as molten slag of general waste and industrial waste, purified water sludge, incinerated ash of paper and plastic, and combustion ash of livestock manure ( Greening materials) are disclosed. In this document, the water retention and water permeability of the soil material are enhanced by crushing the waste as a raw material to an appropriate size and adjusting the particle size, or by adding a binder component. Moreover, the fertilizer is added to the soil material by adjusting the type and ratio of the waste to be blended or adding a fertilizer component.

  Furthermore, in patent document 1, in order to improve the safety | security of the material for soil, it wash | cleans waste materials using water or an acidic liquid. Since some wastes contain highly toxic components and others show strong alkalinity, the toxicity of the waste is reduced or the pH value is adjusted by performing a cleaning treatment.

JP 2007-306844

Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries homepage, "Measurement of soil physical properties", [online], [Search on November 12, 2014], Internet <URL: http://www.maff.go.jp/j/seisan/kankyo /hozen_type/h_sehi_kizyun/pdf/gum23.pdf>

In order to perform such a cleaning process, not only a large amount of cleaning water is required, but also a cleaning facility is required. Also, it takes time and effort. For this reason, there was a problem that the manufacturing cost could not be suppressed despite the fact that waste was used.
The problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a soil material using waste, which is excellent in water permeability, water retention and safety, and inexpensive.

The material for soil which concerns on the 1st aspect of this invention made in order to solve the said subject,
a) a porous inorganic waste material having a particle size of 30 mm or less, comprising at least one of waste tile crushing material, waste ceramic crushing material, and waste brick crushing material;
b) It is characterized by including a compacting material having a particle size of 30 mm or less.

  Since all of the porous inorganic waste materials, such as waste tile crushing material, waste ceramic crushing material and waste brick crushing material, have water retention, the soil material of the present invention is excellent in water retention by including these porous inorganic waste materials. . Moreover, the water retention function and water permeability function of the soil material can be adjusted by appropriately adjusting the particle size of the porous inorganic waste material.

As the waste tile crushing material, it is preferable to use a clay tile waste material obtained by kneading, molding, and firing clay. As long as the clay tile is used, any of glaze tile, smoldering tile, and non-glazed tile may be used. Moreover, it is good to use the crushing material of the tile waste material generally marketed as a tile chip | tip. The tile chips are preliminarily adjusted to particle sizes of 0.01 to 3 mm, 0.01 to 5 mm, 5 to 13 mm, and 10 to 30 mm, and those having an appropriate particle size can be used.
It is preferable to use pottery or porcelain having a relatively large pore diameter as waste ceramic crushing material, regardless of whether glaze is present.
As the waste brick crushing material, any type of brick, such as clay, shale, mud, etc., molded and baked in a kiln, or compression molded material is used.

  The compaction material may include, for example, at least one of water purification sludge, paper sludge, polymer polymer, and bamboo waste material.

The purified water sludge is a precipitate obtained as a result of adsorbing phosphorus, which is one of the pollutant components, by adding a flocculant into the contaminated water at the water purification plant, and contains phosphorus, which is one of the three major elements of fertilizer. Moreover, it is excellent in water retention. The purified water sludge having various particle sizes from very small to 30 mm can be used.
Paper sludge is a waste generated in the papermaking process, and has excellent water retention like purified water sludge and can be of various particle sizes.
The high molecular polymer is, for example, a hydrophilic cross-linked polymer obtained by cross-linking a water-soluble resin such as polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene glycol or sodium polyacrylate, and a water-soluble acrylic acid polymer obtained by cross-linking sodium polyacrylate is particularly preferable. Can be used. These are conventionally used for soil water retention agents, disposable diapers, pet sheets, and the like, and have the property of expanding several tens of times when they absorb moisture. Considering the size after expansion, the size of the water-absorbing polymer particles is preferably about 1 mm or less. Further, as the polymer, inorganic aggregates such as aluminum sulfate (sulfate band) and polyaluminum chloride (PAC) can be used. These are agglomerates used for the treatment of water for sewage water, sewage effluents, or industrial effluents, and have the functionality that fine particles and suspended solids in the suspension to be treated adhere and settle, so that the soil is agglomerated. The effect which promotes can also be acquired.
Bamboo waste is a waste material generated in large quantities by logging a bamboo forest. In addition to the effect of compacting soil, bamboo waste has the effect of suppressing the growth of weeds. Therefore, when bamboo waste material is used, a herbicidal effect can also be obtained. For example, it can be suitably used as materials for soil for soil ground, soil for lawn ground, and materials for sidewalks.
In the present invention, since the compaction material is included in addition to the porous inorganic waste material, a soil material having excellent water retention and fertilization properties can be obtained.

  In addition, the compacting material may include, for example, at least one of waste tile grinding material having a particle size of 0.075 mm or less, waste brick grinding material, crushed stone powder (sand powder), and screenings. .

By crushing waste tiles and waste bricks, materials with various particle sizes can be obtained. Among them, fine particles (silt / clay) of 0.075 mm or less called grinding material enter the gaps in the porous inorganic waste material, and can be suitably used as a compacting material.
The gypsum waste material is obtained by crushing and crushing gypsum board that is discarded when building is newly constructed or demolished, and then separating the paper. Since the gypsum waste material is a gypsum waste mainly composed of calcium sulfate, a soil material containing a large amount of calcium can be obtained. Since the adsorption property of calcium to soil is higher than the adsorption property of sodium, when applied to alkaline soil containing a large amount of sodium, sodium can be discharged from the soil and modified to neutral or weakly alkaline soil.
Crushed stone (sand) powder is a waste material generated during wet processing such as washing crushed stone in a quarry, a quarry, a sand mill, etc., and is a fine sandy particle having a very small particle size. The screenings are prepared by sieving crushed rocks or slags to adjust the particle size. Gypsum waste, crushed stone powder, and screenings are all low-cost silt raw materials and can impart a compacting function to soil materials.

  The soil material of the present invention can contain a salt material as a defrosting material. Thereby, it can be set as the soil material suitable for use in a cold region.

  It is preferable that the soil material of the present invention contains a fertilizer material consisting of at least one of thinned wood, purified water sludge, and paper sludge. Soil materials containing such fertilizer materials can be suitably used as materials for planting soils in particular.

  The soil material of the present invention preferably contains a water retention material made of crushed and pulverized at least one of thinned wood, rice husk, scallop shell, and pumice. All of these water retention materials have the functionality of enhancing the water retention and humidity control properties of the soil. In particular, if rice husk or scallop husk is blended, the roadbed material can be prevented from freezing and weed growth can be suppressed. Moreover, pumice has many pores inside, and in addition to water retention and humidity control, it can also enhance fertilizer and drainage. As the pumice, for example, kagalite (product name: Kagalite Kogyo Co., Ltd.) can be used.

  The soil material of the present invention can include at least one of pure sand soil having an average particle diameter of 0.01 to 10 mm, red soil (Kanto loam layer), and black soil. Thereby, the particle size etc. of the whole material can be adjusted and water retention, water permeability, hardness, etc. can be set suitably.

  Moreover, soil can be improved by mix | blending the material for soil mentioned above with the existing soil. By using the soil improvement method of the present invention, it is possible to improve the soil while effectively using existing soil such as local soil and natural soil.

  The soil material according to the present invention is mainly waste. Among them, waste tile crushing material, waste ceramic crushing material, and waste brick crushing material are porous inorganic waste materials and have water retention. These porous inorganic waste materials can adjust the water retention function and water permeability function of the soil material by adjusting the appropriate particle size. In addition, unlike the general waste and industrial waste, the above porous inorganic waste materials are excellent in safety and do not require treatment for adjusting the pH value or mitigating toxicity. Can do.

The graph which shows the experimental result of the growth amount in the house cultivation of the turf using the soil material of this invention. The graph which shows the experimental result of the growth amount in the open field cultivation of the turf using the soil material of this invention. The graph which shows the hardness test result of the material for soils of this invention. The figure which shows the arrangement | positioning of the division in the herbicidal effect test of the soil material of this invention, and the mixing | blending of use soil. The figure explaining the process of the soil improvement method using the soil material of this invention.

The soil material according to the present invention includes a porous inorganic waste material having a particle size of 30 mm or less and a compacting material having a particle size of 30 mm or less, consisting of at least one of waste tile crush material, waste ceramic crush material, and waste brick crush material. including.
The material for soil according to the present invention includes any one of waste tile crushing material, waste ceramic crushing material, waste brick crushing material, which is a porous inorganic waste material, and its particle size is adjusted to 30 mm or less, so that water retention is achieved. Excellent water permeability. The porous inorganic waste material is less toxic than other wastes such as general waste and industrial waste molten slag, and the pH value of the eluate is also a value that adversely affects the growth of plants. Therefore, it is a soil material with excellent safety.

  Moreover, the compacting material used for the soil material according to the present invention may include at least one of purified water sludge, paper sludge, polymer polymer, and bamboo waste material. Alternatively, the compacting material may include at least one of waste tile grinding material having a particle size of 0.075 mm or less, waste brick grinding material, gypsum waste material, crushed stone powder, and screenings. Waste tiles and waste brick grinding materials are materials obtained at the same time when they are crushed, and are silt parts produced by rubbing particles. Similarly, gypsum waste, crushed stone powder, and screenings are silt components that are generated when the waste is crushed.

The soil material according to the present invention can be applied to various soils such as ground soil, planting soil, pavement roadbed material, sidewalk material, etc., and an appropriate material according to the application target is porous. It can be added to inorganic waste materials.
For example, when used as soil for ground of soil or lawn, roadbed material for pavement, or material for sidewalks, the hardness of the material can be appropriately adjusted depending on the combination and blending amount of the above-described compacting materials.
The soil material applied to the ground soil is required to have a function of improving the deterioration of the soil structure (aggregate structure or gap between soil particles) against excessive treading pressure. Since all of the purified water sludge, the paper sludge, and the polymer polymer particles are easily aggregated, if they are included in the compacting material, a soil material having a function of improving the deterioration of the soil structure against excessive treading pressure can be obtained.
Here, agglomeration, or agglomeration structure, refers to a state in which soil particles are combined by the action of a cation, clay mineral, organic matter (humus), or the like to form an aggregate (aggregate) of small particles. Soil with a developed aggregate structure is excellent in water permeability, elasticity, and water retention because a fine intergranular gap is formed inside the aggregate and an inter-aggregate gap (non-capillary pore) is formed outside the aggregate. . Therefore, the soil material containing purified water sludge or polymer polymer particles is excellent in water permeability, elasticity, and water retention.
Moreover, when using the soil material of this invention as a soil for grounds or a material for sidewalks, the soil material which has a herbicidal property can be obtained by including bamboo waste material in the compacting material.

Even when the soil material of the present invention is used as planting soil, the compacted material should contain either purified water sludge, paper sludge, or polymer polymer particles so as to have the aggregate structure described above. Is preferred. As a result, large pores are formed between the aggregates inside the soil, and small pores are formed inside the aggregates to activate the activities of soil microorganisms and soil small organisms, and many nutrients necessary for the growth of plants and the like are generated. The environment can be arranged as follows. Among these, more soil can be agglomerated by using aluminum sulfate (sulfate band) or polyaluminum chloride (PAC), which is an inorganic agglomerate which is a kind of polymer polymer particles.
In addition, when purified water sludge is included in the compacting material, a soil material containing phosphorus, which is one of the fertilizer components necessary for plant growth, can be obtained. Furthermore, the material for soil containing a fertilizer component can be obtained also by including what adjusted the thinning material produced | generated by the thinning of a forest to the appropriate particle size separately from a porous inorganic waste material and a compacting material.

Since water purification sludge, paper sludge, and high polymer particles have water retention properties, inclusion of these in the compaction material provides soil materials with excellent heat island control, and improves fertilizer effects in planting soils. To do. Moreover, since it has a dry prevention effect, it can reduce the amount of water spray and prevent summer withering.
In addition, by adding a salt material separately from the porous inorganic waste material and the compacting material, it is possible to obtain a frost-proof property and obtain a soil material suitable for use in a cold region.
In addition, by including a water retaining material made of crushed and crushed at least one of thinned wood, rice husk, scallop shell, and pumice, it is possible to further increase water retention and humidity control. . In particular, if rice husk or scallop husk is blended, the roadbed material can be prevented from freezing and weed growth can be suppressed. Moreover, pumice has many pores inside, and in addition to water retention and humidity control, it can also enhance fertilizer and drainage. As the pumice, for example, kagalite (product name: Kagalite Industry Co., Ltd.) can be used.

The soil material according to the present invention can be added with various functions by including various materials in addition to the above. Tables 1 and 2 below show examples of blending components and blending patterns of soil materials that can be used for ground soil. Table 1 shows suitable particle size ranges for some of the blended components. In addition, although the lower limit is not shown in the particle size range (including 0 mm), this indicates that the particle size may be very small. This is because these components may have functions such as water retention and air permeability due to the presence of a plurality of grains in a lump even when the grain size of individual grains is very small.

Table 3 shows blending components of soil materials that can be used for planting soil, and Table 4 shows examples of blending patterns.

Tables 1 and 3 also show the characteristics (effects) of each component. As is clear from the comparison of Tables 1 and 3, the ground soil contains a lot of materials having a compaction function and an aggregating function as compared with the soil for planting. Moreover, since the waste tile crushing material has water retention, by using the soil material of the present invention, the ground soil is excellent in dustproofness and heat island suppression action. In planting soil, the fertilizer effect is improved. Moreover, since it has a dry prevention effect, it can reduce the amount of water spray and prevent summer withering. Further, by adjusting the particle size of the waste tile crushing material, it is possible to adjust the water permeability and the degree of compaction in the ground soil.
On the other hand, by using waste tile crushing material, water permeability and air permeability are improved in the soil for planting, and solidification of the soil can be prevented.

Next, an experiment was conducted to examine the influence of the soil material according to the present invention on the growth of plants.
In this experiment, when the seeds of four kinds of lawns (Himekourai, Tifton, Bent, Kentucky Bluegrass) were sown in the control plots shown in Table 5 and A to C plots, they were cultivated for a predetermined period in the open ground and house. The amount of growth was examined. In the control plot, sand sand soil which has been conventionally used as soil for ground and soil for planting was used.

The amount of growth was expressed in terms of weight (fresh weight) (g / m ² ) after cutting the grass in each ward after cultivation. The results are shown in Tables 6 and 7, and FIGS. Table 6 is a table showing the amount of growth in house cultivation of three varieties of turf, and FIG. 1 is a graph showing the amount of growth in house cultivation of “Vent” among four varieties of turf. On the other hand, Table 7 is a table showing the amount of growth in open field cultivation of four varieties of turf, and FIG. 2 is a graph showing the amount of growth in open field cultivation of “Bent”.

  As shown in Tables 6 and 7 and FIGS. 1 and 2, in house cultivation, the growth of Tifton and bent was the best in the A zone, and the C zone was the next best. Moreover, Himekourai had the same amount of growth in the A and C sections. On the other hand, in open-air cultivation, the bent growth was the best in the A ward, and the C ward was the next best, but the other three varieties had the highest growth in the C ward, and the A It was excellent. Furthermore, the growth of the control plot was the worst in both house cultivation and outdoor cultivation.

  When the hydraulic conductivity of the soil in the control plot and C plot was measured, the hydraulic conductivity in the control plot was 0.049 cm / s, and the hydraulic conductivity in the plot C was 0.652 cm / s. The hydraulic conductivity is a numerical value of the speed at which water moves through the soil. From the measurement results of the hydraulic conductivity, it can be said that the soil material of the present example has a water permeability of 10 times or more compared with the conventional soil material, and the effect of suppressing root rot is high.

対照区では固相が半分以上を占めているのに対し、Ｃ区では固相が27.6%にとどまっており、気相が42.0%を占めている。これにより、土壌内部の間隙が多く通気性が高いことが分かる。また、液相の割合もＣ区の方が高く、本実施例の土壌が保水性にも優れていることが分かる。 Table 8 shows the results of measuring the three-phase distribution of the soil in the control and C zones. The three-phase distribution is a numerical value of the ratio of the solid phase, liquid phase, and gas phase constituting the soil.

In the control zone, the solid phase accounts for more than half, whereas in the C zone, the solid phase is only 27.6% and the gas phase accounts for 42.0%. Thereby, it turns out that there are many gaps inside soil and air permeability is high. Moreover, the ratio of the liquid phase is higher in the C section, and it can be seen that the soil of this example is excellent in water retention.

Next, various soil materials with different blending materials and blending ratios were prepared, and experiments were conducted to examine the water permeability and water retention of these soil materials. In the experiment, the sample was placed in a container having about 20 small water passage holes on the bottom surface with filter paper on the bottom surface, and the water passage time when water was injected from above, and the amount of water injected The difference (ml) between the amount of water and the amount of water passed was measured, and each was used as an index of water permeability and water retention.
First, the water permeability and water retention of two kinds of pure sand, sand, and waste tiles, which are blended materials for soil, were examined. The results are shown in Table 9.

As can be seen from Table 9, the water permeability of the waste tile 1 (having fine grains) was the best among the four types, and the water retention of the waste tile 2 (having coarse grains) was the best.
Next, Ecoclay, a material for soil containing waste clay 2 in Ecoclay (hereinafter referred to as “ecoclay tile”), kagarite in ecoclay (natural crushed pumice stone (Rhyolite natural glass), Kagalite Industrial Co., Ltd.) The material for soil which mix | blended (henceforth "eco clay TS") was produced, and those water permeability and water retention were investigated. The results are shown in Table 10. Eco-clay is a trade name of Towa Sports Facility Co., Ltd., and it is used for soil materials containing pure sand soil and purified water sludge at an appropriate ratio, or for soil containing natural sand soil, purified water sludge, sand, etc. at an appropriate ratio. It is a material. In Table 10, the compounding material of each soil material and its ratio are shown.

  In order to consider the results shown in Table 10, only the results of the eco clay tiles 1 to 4 are taken out and shown in Table 11. Table 12 shows only the results of soil materials containing 70% pure sand soil, and Table 13 shows only the results of soil materials containing 80% true sand soil. In Tables 11 to 13, rankings are given in the order of excellent water permeability and water retention, and numerical values obtained by adding numbers representing the rankings are shown in the column for comprehensive evaluation. Therefore, the smaller the numerical value, the higher the overall evaluation.

  From Tables 11 to 13, it was not always possible to obtain the result that the soil material using waste tiles was excellent in water permeability and water retention, but by blending various materials other than waste tiles, water permeability and water retention were obtained. It was found that can be increased.

  The test for investigating the characteristics of the soil material according to the present invention as the ground soil was conducted. The three types of soil used in the test were conventional soil (100% pure sand), Ecoclay TS1 '(70% pure sand, 15% waste tile, 15% sludge), and Ecoclay TS2' (80% pure sand, waste tile) 10% and sludge 10%).

First, three types of soil permeability tests were conducted. The water permeability test was performed by putting a predetermined amount of water into a soil having a predetermined thickness and measuring the rate of penetration into the soil. In addition, the measurement was performed 2 days and 4 days after each soil was produced. From the results of the water permeability test shown in Table 14, it was confirmed that both Ecoclay TS1 ′ and TS2 ′ had a short water permeability time and good water permeability compared to conventional soil.

Next, a clay distribution test of the above three types of soil was performed. The clay distribution test was performed by confirming the amount of fine particles (colloid, clay, and silt) in each soil and their floating state. In this test, the time until the fine particles were not suspended was measured. From the results shown in Table 15, it can be said that both Ecoclay TS1 ′ and TS2 ′ are soils that have a shorter settling time for fine particles than conventional soil, and are less susceptible to mudging and less dusty than conventional soil.

Moreover, the moisture characteristic test of the three types of soil was conducted. The moisture characteristic test was performed by measuring the solid phase rate of the soil and the moisture content in the dry state to confirm the effective moisture content in the soil. In addition, the measurement was performed 2 days and 4 days after each soil was produced. From the results shown in Table 16, it can be seen that both Ecoclay TS1 ′ and TS2 ′ have a lower solid phase ratio than conventional soil, and more gaps are formed in the soil. It was also confirmed that the amount of effective moisture was larger than that of conventional soil. This is thought to be due to the fact that there are many gaps inside the soil, so that moisture can be retained inside the gaps. Furthermore, since it can hold a lot of moisture, it can be said that the soil is hard to dry and dust is hard to reach.

Furthermore, the hardness test of the above three types of soil was performed. The hardness test was performed by measuring the indentation hardness using a proctor needle at a speed of 1 inch / second. Moreover, the hardness test was done in two places of each soil, and the average value was obtained. Furthermore, the measurement was performed 2 days and 4 days after each soil was produced. It is said that soil with a hardness of 40-110 is suitable for the ground (schoolyard, school playground). From the results shown in Table 17, it can be seen that the ecoclays TS1 ′ and TS2 ′ of this example both have a hardness suitable for the ground soil.

Next, the test which confirms the effect which suppresses the production | generation of a frost column by mix | blending a salt material with soil was done. In the test, five types of soils (150 ml each) shown in Table 18 were used. Of the five types of soil, each of Ecoclay X and Ecoclay Z was mixed with 3 kg of salt per 1 m ² (equivalent to ³ kg per 0.13 to 0.14 m 3).

This test was performed according to the following procedure.
(1) Spread tissue paper on the bottom of a cup-shaped plastic container and pour 5 ml of hot water.
(2) Put the above five types of soil into a plastic container and level the surface while applying manual pressure.
(3) Moisten the surface with a spray bottle, wipe off the water droplets inside the container, and then cover.
(4) Place a bubble cushioning material in another container (large container) of a size that can accommodate a plastic container, and pour hot water.
(5) A plastic container is accommodated in the large container.
(6) On the lid, fix 8 pieces of ice (adding about 10g of salt) in a plastic bag and place it in the freezer.
(7) Check the condition of the soil surface every hour and add hot water to the large container.

Freezing was confirmed on the surface of the conventional soil 2 (red soil) when 1 hour passed after the start of the test. Moreover, one ice column was confirmed on the surface of Ecoclay Y (without salt addition). No freezing or icicles were observed in other soils.
Even when 2 hours passed after the start of the test, freezing was confirmed on the surface of the conventional soil 2 (red soil). Moreover, several small ice pillars were confirmed on the surface of Ecoclay Y. No freezing or icicles were observed in other soils.
After that, as a result of continuing confirmation every hour, freezing and icicles were confirmed in the conventional soil 2 and icicles were confirmed in Ecoclay Y after 7 hours.
When 23 hours passed from the start, the test was terminated and the state of each soil was confirmed. In the conventional soil 1 (masa sand soil), although the freezing and the icicle were not confirmed, the expansion of the soil was confirmed. Moreover, in the conventional soil 2, in addition to freezing and icicles, significant expansion of the soil was confirmed. In Ecoclay X, Y, and Z, soil expansion was not confirmed.
In Ecoclay X and Z to which salt was added, the soil was not frozen or icicles were confirmed, and the soil was still not expanded. Therefore, it was confirmed that the salt has an effect of suppressing freezing and generation of frost columns. Therefore, by adding salt, a soil material suitable for use in a cold region can be produced.

  The above test was performed in the same manner when 1 kg of salt was added and when 2 kg of salt was added. As a result, it was confirmed that the addition of 1 kg of salt was not sufficient in the defrosting effect, and the addition of 2 kg of salt gave the same result as above (that is, sufficient prevention was also obtained).

About the material for soil which added salt, the water permeability and water retention test were done like Example 2 above. Table 19 shows the results of water permeability and water retention tests of the sand sand used as a blending component in the test of Example 5. In addition, Table 20 shows the results of blending and water permeability and water retention tests of 10 types of soil (eco clay 11 to 20, 8 of which salt was added) used in this test.

  From the results shown in Table 20, it was confirmed that when salt was added, the water permeability slightly decreased, but there was no significant difference, and even when salt was added, there was no significant effect on water retention.

  A test was conducted to confirm how the hardness of the soil changes depending on the amount of gypsum board waste (gypsum waste). The soil used was conventional soil (100% pure sand), Ecoclay A (95% pure sand, 5% gypsum board waste), Ecoclay B (90% pure sand, 10% gypsum board waste), and Ecoclay C (masa sand) 80%, gypsum board waste 20%).

Table 21 shows the results of measuring the hardness by unifying the dry density of the above four types of soil to 1.68 g / cm ³ . In Example 6, the hardness of the soil was measured using a Yamanaka hardness tester (see Non-Patent Document 1, etc.).

  From the above measurement results, it was found that the hardness increased in soil containing 5% or 10% of gypsum board waste compared to conventional soil. On the other hand, it was found that when 20% of gypsum board waste was mixed, the hardness decreased and the whole became close to clay.

Also shows the dry density of the ^{soil, 1.68g / cm 3, 1.70g /} cm 3, a 1.73 g / cm ^3, and 1.75 g / cm ³ of varied in four stages result of measuring the hardness in FIG . From these results, it was confirmed that at any dry density, the hardness of the soil where the mixing ratio of gypsum board waste was 5% or 10% was high, and the hardness decreased when the mixing ratio was 20%.

  Eight kinds of soils with different blending components were placed in a 60mm square section and sprinkled with Bermudagrass seeds, and the progress was observed for about 3 months (98 days). Moreover, the hardness measurement and pH measurement of each division were performed in parallel. The components of the soil arranged in each section are shown in FIG. In addition, the notation such as 0-10 in the blended material indicates the particle size, and 0-10 means that the particle size is 10 mm or less.

Table 22 summarizes the measured values of the hardness and pH value of each soil at the end of the test, and the presence or absence of the herbicidal effect. The herbicidal effect x shown in Table 22 shows no herbicidal effect (Bermuda grass grew greatly), △ shows low herbicidal effect, ○ and ◎ confirm the herbicidal effect (Bermuda grass growth is It means that the growth is suppressed, and in particular, growth is hardly confirmed with ◎.

As shown in Table 22, a good herbicidal effect was observed in the sections 6, 7, and 8 in which the soil containing bamboo chips was placed. Therefore, it is preferable to include bamboo chips in the soil used for applications that require a herbicidal effect (ground, sidewalk, etc.). On the other hand, Bermudagrass grew greatly in the soil of section 2 containing sludge and gypsum board waste, and the fertilizer effect was recognized contrary to the herbicidal effect. Therefore, it is preferable to include sludge and gypsum board waste materials in applications where fertilizer effects are required (such as planting soil).
The pH values in each compartment were all near neutral.
Moreover, the measurement results of the hardness in each section are values within the range of hardness values suitable for the ground soil shown in Table 23. In terms of hardness, any soil is ground (soil ground or lawn ground), tennis It can be used on courts, promenades, and the like.

  Some soils that have been used in the various tests described above and have been confirmed to have various effects include pure sand and red soil. These are natural soils and are already contained in ground soil, planting soil, or sidewalk soil. Therefore, the soil material according to the present invention can be used not only as soil alone, but also by manufacturing with a composition that supplements the functionality of existing soil and mixing it with existing soil. FIG. 5 shows a procedure when the soil material according to the present invention is used by mixing with existing soil. FIG. 5 (a) is an example of ground soil, and FIG. 5 (b) is an example of turf floor soil (planting soil).

In the case of soil for ground, first, as a preliminary survey, a field survey, a laboratory test, and a formulation design are performed. In the field survey, existing soil (local soil) is sampled locally. In the laboratory test, the soil quality of the existing soil is tested. In the mix design, the proportion of existing soil that can be recycled is determined, and the mix of soil materials is designed to improve the existing soil or to make up for the lack of functions.
When the preliminary survey is completed, the soil material is manufactured based on the formulation design.
When the production of soil materials is completed, construction is performed. The construction will be carried out in the order of scraping and accumulation of existing soil (earthwork), maximum particle size adjustment (sieving) of existing soil, mixing of existing soil and soil material after particle size adjustment, and leveling rolling. Thereby, the ground soil is completed.

  In the case of turf floor soil (planting soil), the steps up to the production of soil materials are the same as described above, and the construction steps are different. Construction will be carried out in the order of carrying in soil materials, leveling the soil materials, mixing the soil materials with the local soil, ground leveling and rolling. This completes the turf floor soil.

In addition, this invention is not limited to an above-described Example, A suitable change is possible. For example, although the example which used the waste tile crushing material as a porous inorganic waste material was shown in the said Example, you may use a waste ceramic crushing material and a waste brick crushing material.
Components other than those described above may be included. For example, in the case of a soil material for the purpose of improving the acidity and alkalinity of the soil, molten slag is preferably blended.

Soil for materials according to the present onset Ming was made in order to solve the above-
a) a porous inorganic waste material having a particle size of 30 mm or less, comprising at least one of waste tile crushing material, waste ceramic crushing material, and waste brick crushing material;
b) It is characterized by including a compacting material having a particle size of 30 mm or less.

The soil material according to the present invention can be applied to various soils such as ground soil, planting soil, pavement roadbed material, sidewalk material, etc., and an appropriate material according to the application target is porous. It can be added to inorganic waste materials.
For example, when used as soil for ground of soil or lawn, roadbed material for pavement, or material for sidewalks, the hardness of the material can be appropriately adjusted depending on the combination and blending amount of the above-described compacting materials.
The soil material applied to the ground soil is required to have a function of improving the deterioration of the soil structure (aggregate structure or gap between soil particles) against excessive treading pressure. Since all of the purified water sludge, the paper sludge, and the polymer polymer particles are easily aggregated, if they are included in the compacting material, a soil material having a function of improving the deterioration of the soil structure against excessive treading pressure can be obtained.
Here, agglomeration, or agglomeration structure, refers to a state in which soil particles are combined by the action of a cation, clay mineral, organic matter (humus), or the like to form an aggregate (aggregate) of small particles. Soil with a developed aggregate structure is excellent in water permeability, elasticity, and water retention because a fine intergranular gap is formed inside the aggregate and an inter-aggregate gap (non-capillary pore) is formed outside the aggregate. . Therefore, the soil material containing purified water sludge , paper sludge, or polymer polymer particles is excellent in water permeability, elasticity, and water retention.
Moreover, when using the soil material of this invention as a soil for grounds or a material for sidewalks, the soil material which has a herbicidal property can be obtained by including bamboo waste material in the compacting material.

Claims (8)

a) a porous inorganic waste material having a particle size of 30 mm or less, comprising at least one of waste tile crushing material, waste ceramic crushing material, and waste brick crushing material;
b) Soil material containing compaction material with a particle size of 30mm or less.   The soil material according to claim 1, wherein the compacting material includes at least one of water purification sludge, paper sludge, polymer polymer, and bamboo waste material.   The compacting material includes at least one of waste tile grinding material having a particle size of 0.075 mm or less, waste brick grinding material, gypsum waste material, crushed stone (sand) powder, and screenings. Item 3. A soil material according to Item 1 or 2.   The soil material according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a salt material as a defrosting material.   5. The soil material according to claim 1, comprising a fertilizer material comprising at least one of thinned wood, purified water sludge, and paper sludge.   The soil material according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising a water retention material made of crushed and pulverized at least one of thinned wood, rice husk, scallop shell, and pumice.   The soil material according to any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising at least one kind of pure sand soil, red soil, and black soil having an average particle diameter of 0.01 to 10 mm.   The soil improvement method characterized by mix | blending the soil material of Claims 1-7 with the existing soil.

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