JP4960625B2 - Shifting structure of work equipment - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a speed change operation structure used for a working machine such as a combine.

In a combine, a structure in which forward / reverse power shifted by a main transmission consisting of a hydrostatic continuously variable transmission is shifted to a plurality of stages by a gear-type sub-transmission mechanism and travel speed is frequently used. A brake is provided on the lower transmission of the auxiliary transmission mechanism. This brake is braked by depressing a dedicated pedal, and a parking state is brought about by holding and holding the pedal in the depressed position (see, for example, Patent Document 1). .
JP 2002-295719 A

  In the conventional structure, the pedal that has been depressed and released is released and the brake is released to run, but if you forget to release the brake and start the aircraft, the engine stops and restarts. Start is required.

  The present invention has been made paying attention to such points, and an object thereof is to make it possible to start the aircraft without forgetting to release the parking brake.

First invention comprises a main transmission mechanism for driving, shaft having both ends supported by the mission-case via a bearing, and a plurality of different gear diameters are integrally mounted, the relative said support shaft A traveling sub-transmission mechanism having a shift gear supported slidably in the axial direction of the support shaft, a sub-transmission lever that operates the sub-transmission mechanism, and a parking brake that prevents the travel transmission system from rotating freely; And the parking brake penetrates the plate member along the axial direction, and a plate member fixed to the one end portion of the support shaft in the state opposite to the shift gear. A parking position for operating the parking brake on the operation path of the auxiliary transmission lever. Comprising said vice When the speed lever is operated to the parking position, the pawl is engaged with the hole to prevent the traveling transmission system from rotating, and the shaft of the transmission case Forming a recess recessed toward the opposite side of the shift gear on one end side, disposing a bearing supporting the one end of the support shaft in the recess; and The plate member is fixed to the transmission case with the hole facing the recess.

  According to the above configuration, the auxiliary transmission lever is always operated to one of the transmission positions during traveling, so that the auxiliary transmission lever is always removed from the parking position where the parking brake is actuated.

  Therefore, according to the first invention, the airframe can be started without forgetting to release the parking brake.

In a second aspect of the invention, the plate member is fixed to the transmission case with the hole portion facing the bearing .

According to a third aspect of the present invention, a bearing that supports one end of the support shaft and the plate member are disposed apart from each other in the axial direction, and the auxiliary transmission lever is operated to the parking position. The claw portion is configured to penetrate the hole and enter the recess .

According to a fourth aspect of the invention, the claw portion is provided on a side surface of the gear closest to the plate member among the plurality of gears .

5th invention is equipped with the 2nd support shaft horizontally supported by the said transmission case in the state parallel to the said support shaft, and the said 2nd support shaft is the same side as one edge part of the said support shaft. Is supported by the transmission case in a state where the end of the plate is penetrated by the plate member.

  FIG. 1 shows an entire side surface of a normal combine according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 shows an entire plane thereof. In this combine, a traveling machine body 2 having a pair of left and right crawler traveling devices 1 is provided with an axial flow type threshing device 3 and a bag-packing type grain collection unit 4 arranged in parallel on the left and right sides, and grain collection. A basic structure in which a driving unit 5 is provided in front of the unit 4 is provided. At the front part of the threshing device 3, a feeder 6 for transporting the harvested crop is connected around the fulcrum P so as to be swingable up and down, and at the front end of the feeder 6 is connected the cutting unit 7 having a cutting width substantially corresponding to the width of the machine body. In addition, the engine 8 is disposed in the lateral direction below the operation unit 5.

  A hydraulic cylinder 9 is installed between the front part of the traveling machine body 2 and the lower part of the feeder 6, and the cutting part 7 swings up and down around the fulcrum P integrally with the feeder 6 by the expansion and contraction operation of the hydraulic cylinder 9. It has become. Above the front part of the mowing unit 7, a scraping reel 10 for scraping and raising the planted cereals backward is provided.

  The mowing unit 7 includes a pair of left and right weeding frames 11 configured in a vertical wall shape, a clipper-type mowing device 12, an auger 13 for laterally feeding the harvested crop to the middle of the mowing width, and left and right weeding frames 11 The conveyance deck 14 which connects the lower parts of each is provided. The feeder 6 is configured by accommodating a scraping conveyor 16 inside a cylindrical conveyance case 15 penetrating in the front-rear direction. The scraping conveyor 16 is configured by horizontally connecting a transport bar 16b across left and right chains 16a that are wound in a vertical direction, and the cereals that are laterally fed by the auger 13 are formed on the bottom surface of the transport case 15. The threshing device 3 is then scraped and conveyed along the front end of the threshing device 3.

The auger 13 is provided with left and right screws 18 for laterally feeding the harvested cereal toward the front end inlet of the feeder 6 on the outer periphery of an auger drum 17 that is rotationally driven in a fixed direction from the front to the bottom. the drum outer peripheral portion facing the inlet, has become pair not a One of the take-in fingers 19 which projecting and retracting operation along with the drum rotation and equipped with a structure in the circumferential direction four positions, transporting a wide range of clippings was culms deck 14 is configured to be fed to the front end inlet of the feeder 6 by the feed finger 19 by being fed laterally to the middle of the cutting width along 14.

  Auxiliary scraping fingers 20 that operate in the lateral feed working area by the right screw 18 are separately provided at a position on the outer peripheral right side of the auger drum 17, and the auger 13 is separated from the front end inlet of the feeder 6 in the lateral direction. The cereals that have fallen into the transport deck 14 in the front are squeezed into the lateral feed action area of the screw 18 by the auxiliary take-up fingers 20, and are sent to the action area of the rake finger 19 under the lateral feed action of the screw 18. It has become.

  The take-up reel 10 is pivotally supported via a support bracket 22 at the front part of a pair of left and right support arms 21 that can swing up and down around a base end fulcrum a, and the support arm 21 is moved up and down by a hydraulic cylinder 23. By moving, it is possible to change the height of the scraping action of the scraping reel 10 and to adjust the position of the scratching action back and forth by sliding the support bracket 22 along the support arm 21. It has become.

  As shown in the transmission system diagram of FIG. 3, the power from the engine 8 is divided into a traveling system and a working system, and the power of the traveling system is transmitted to the main transmission mechanism 31 via a belt tension type main clutch 30. The The main transmission mechanism 31 is composed of a hydraulic continuously variable transmission (HST), and forward (forward) or reverse (reverse) transmission power taken out from the main transmission mechanism 31 is input to the mission case 32, After the gear transmission is shifted in two steps by the sub-transmission mechanism 33, it is transmitted to the left and right axles 35 via the left and right side clutches 34, and the left and right crawler travel devices 1 are driven.

  The power of the work system branched off from the engine power is belt-transmitted to the tang shaft 41, which is the input shaft of the threshing device 3, via the belt tension type threshing clutch 40. The power transmitted to the Karatsu shaft 41 is further branched into two systems on the left side of the machine body, and one of the branch powers is provided in the threshing device 3 for the first screw feed 42 for the first feed and the second feed for the second feed. Is transmitted to the second screw shaft 43 and the swing sorting case drive shaft 44, and the other branching power is belted to the input shaft 46 of the bevel gear case 45 disposed in the front part of the threshing device 3. The handling cylinder 47 is driven by the power transmitted and the direction changed by the bevel gear case 45.

  The input shaft 46 of the bevel gear case 45 and the feeder drive shaft 48 horizontally mounted on the base end of the feeder 6 are belt-linked via a belt tension type mowing clutch 49 and scraped by the power transmitted to the feeder drive shaft 48. The raising conveyor 16, the auger 13, the mowing device 12, and the scraping reel 10 are driven.

  FIG. 4 shows details of the internal structures of the main transmission mechanism 31 and the transmission case 32.

  The main transmission mechanism 31 accommodates an axial plunger type variable displacement pump 31P and an axial plunger type constant displacement motor 31M between the joined transmission case 51 and the thick plate-like port block 52. The pump 31P and the motor 31M are connected to each other by an internal oil passage (not shown) formed in the port block 52 and a hydraulic continuously variable transmission mechanism having a known structure is used. The engine power is transmitted to 53, and the transmission power extracted from the motor shaft 54 that is the output shaft is transmitted to the transmission case 32.

  A pump case 55 is connected to the lateral outer side of the transmission case 51. The pump case 55 incorporates a trochoidal charge pump CP that is driven concentrically by an extension of the pump shaft 53, and an oil filter in which oil discharged from the charge pump CP is mounted on the upper surface of the transmission case 51. After being purified at 56, it is supplied to a charge oil passage (not shown) formed in the port block 52 via an internal oil passage 57 in the case wall.

  The discharge oil amount and the discharge direction of the pump 31P are changed by changing the angle of the swash plate 58. The shift operation shaft 59 (see FIG. 7) for adjusting the angle of the swash plate 58 and the operating unit 5 are provided. The main transmission lever 60 is linked to the link as will be described later.

The transmission case 32 has a first shaft 61 as a “ support shaft” , a counter shaft 62, a second shaft 63, and a pair of left and right axles 35 supported horizontally. The first shaft 61 and the counter shaft The auxiliary transmission mechanism 33 is provided over 62. An input gear G2 meshing with an output gear G1 fixed to the inner end of the case of the motor shaft 54 is fixed to the first shaft 61, and a small-diameter gear G3 and a large-diameter gear G4 as “a plurality of gears” are provided. The shift gear SG for auxiliary transmission, which is equipped as a single unit, is mounted on the spline. A shift gear CG formed by integrating a large-diameter transmission gear G5 that can be engaged with the small-diameter gear G3 and a small-diameter transmission gear G6 that can be engaged with the large-diameter gear G4 is loosely supported at the left and right central portions of the counter shaft 62. By shifting the shift gear SG to the right in the figure and selectively engaging the small-diameter gear G3 with the large-diameter transmission gear G5, the “low speed” shown in FIG. Shifting to the left in the figure and selectively engaging the large-diameter gear G4 with the small-diameter transmission gear G6, "high speed" appears, and by shifting the shift gear SG to an intermediate position not engaged with the transmission gear CG, "neutral" Appears.

  A parking brake PB is provided at one of the shaft support portions of the first shaft 61 equipped with the shift gear SG. The parking brake PB prevents the rotation of the shift gear SG, thereby fixing the lower transmission side engaged with the shift gear SG and is configured as follows.

On the outer surface of the large-diameter gear G4 in the shift gear SG, an engaging claw 65 as a “claw portion” is projected, and the shift gear SG can be shifted further in the engaging claw protruding direction than the “low speed” position. It is configured. On the other hand, a brake plate 66 as a “plate member” that is fitted and fixed to the side wall of the case is disposed at the shaft support portion of the first shaft 61 so as to face the shift gear SG from the axial direction. When the engagement claw projecting direction is further shifted from the “low speed” position, the engagement claw 65 is formed in the lock hole 67 as the “hole” formed in the brake plate 66 as shown in FIG. By engaging, the rotation of the shift gear SG is prevented. Here, even when the engagement claw 65 of the shift gear SG is engaged with the brake plate 66, the engagement state of the small-diameter gear G3 and the large-diameter transmission gear G5 is maintained, and the transmission lower hand interlocked with the transmission gear CG. The crawler traveling device 1 is fixed by fixing the transmission system on the side.

  On the left and right sides of the counter shaft 62, a clutch gear G7 constituting the side clutch 34 is loosely supported so as to be slidable in the axial direction, and a pair of output gears G8 engaged with each clutch gear G7 are attached to the second shaft 63. It is supported loosely. When the clutch gear G7 is slid inward, the clutch gear G7 is engaged with the internal gear G9 formed at the center of the transmission gear CG to bring the clutch into the engaged state, and the clutch gear G7 is slid outward. Thus, the clutch is disengaged from the internal gear G9, and the clutch gear G7 is slid in the “clutch engaged” direction by a spring 68 that is normally fitted on the counter shaft 62. It is energized. The clutch gear G7 is configured to be wide, and is always engaged with the output gear G8 in both “clutch engagement” and “clutch disengagement”.

  Each output gear G8 is integrally connected to an intermediate small-diameter gear G10 loosely supported on the second shaft 63, and each intermediate small-diameter gear G10 is fixed to the inner end of each axle 35. G11 is engaged with each other, and the power extracted from each output gear G8 is transmitted to the left and right axles 35 at a reduced speed.

  Therefore, when both the left and right side clutches 34 are in the “clutch-engaged” state, power at a constant speed is taken out from the left and right output gears G8, the left and right crawler travel devices 1 are driven at a constant speed, and straight travel is performed. . When one of the side clutches 34 is in the “clutch disengaged” state, power transmission to one of the crawler traveling devices 1 is cut off, and the vehicle is steered by driving only the other crawler traveling device 1.

  As shown in FIG. 6, a boss portion 69 is extended outward from each clutch gear G7, and an operation plate 71 whose outward sliding movement is prevented by a stopper ring 70 is fitted to the boss portion 69 by a spline. It is fastened. A ring-shaped piston 73 facing the operation plate 71 via a thrust bearing 72 is provided on the wall surface of the mission case 32. The ring-shaped piston 73 is configured to move outward by pressure oil supply to press the operation plate 71 and slide the clutch gear G7 outward, that is, in the clutch disengagement direction against the spring 68. .

  Near the left and right ends of the counter shaft 62, a side brake SB that acts on the clutch gear G7 is provided. The side brake SB is a multi-plate friction brake in which a friction plate 75 engaged with the outer periphery of the boss portion 69 and a friction plate 77 engaged with the inner periphery of the fixed bearing case 76 are alternately superposed in the axial direction. When the clutch gear G7 is slid further outward beyond the "clutch disengagement" position, the operation plate 71 is frictionally braked against the clutch gear G7 by pressing the superimposed friction plates 75 and 77. Is to be granted.

  Accordingly, when one of the clutch gears G7 is slid outward to reach the "clutch disengagement" position, the one crawler traveling device 1 that has been cut off from driving is loosely turned, and this clutch gear G7 Is continuously slid outward, a pivoting (pivot turn) is performed by braking one crawler traveling device 1 that has been cut off by the side brake SB.

  The operation structure of the main transmission mechanism 31, the auxiliary transmission mechanism 33, and the side clutch 34 will be described below.

  A control box 81 is erected in front of the driver's seat 80 in the driver 5, and a side operation panel 82 is provided on the left side of the driver's seat 80. As shown in FIG. 7, a bracket 84 is provided on a support frame 83 that supports a side operation panel 82, and a lever base end member 85 is mounted on the bracket 84 so as to be rotatable around a lateral fulcrum b. The main transmission lever 60 is connected to the upper end portion of the lever base end member 85 so as to be tiltable left and right around the fulcrum c in the front-rear direction, and the main transmission lever 60 is formed in the side operation panel 82 as shown in FIG. It is configured so that it can be swung back and forth along the stepped operation hole 86.

  The other end of the lever base end member 85 and the speed change operation arm 87 connected to the protruding end of the speed change operation shaft 59 are interlocked and connected by a push-pull rod 88, and the main speed change lever 60 is stepped in the operation hole 86. In the “stop” state set in the section, the swash plate 58 is at an angle orthogonal to the pump shaft 53 and discharge from the pump 31P is stopped, and the motor 31M stops. When the main transmission lever 60 is operated from “stop” to the forward operation path F, the swash plate 58 is tilted in the positive direction by an angle corresponding to the lever operation amount, and pressure oil is discharged in the positive direction. The shaft 54 rotates forward and forward shifting is performed. When the main transmission lever 60 is operated from “stop” to the backward reverse operation path R, the swash plate 58 is tilted in the reverse direction by an angle corresponding to the lever operation amount, and the pressure oil is discharged in the reverse direction. The shaft 54 rotates in the reverse direction and a reverse shift is performed.

  As shown in FIG. 8, the lateral fulcrum b is equipped with a disc spring 89 that gives a frictional resistance to the rotation of the lever base end member 85. This frictional resistance is set to a magnitude that overcomes the shift operation reaction force transmitted from the speed change operation shaft 59 via the push-pull rod 88, and thereby the main speed change lever 60 is frictionally held at an arbitrary operation position. Can be set.

  The transmission operation shaft 59 is subjected to rotational vibration by hydraulic pulsation or the like, and in order to suppress transmission of this vibration to the main transmission lever 60, a rubber-type or spring is provided in the middle of the push-pull rod 88. A type of damper 90 is interposed.

As shown in FIGS. 5 and 7, the shift fork 91 for operating the shift gear SG of the auxiliary transmission mechanism 33 extends along a support shaft 92 as a “second support shaft” that is horizontally fixed to the transmission case 32. An operation arm 93 that is slidably supported and engages with the shift fork 91 is supported through an operation shaft 94 so as to be swingable around a fulcrum d in the front-rear direction. The support shaft 92 is formed with detent grooves 95 at four locations in the axial direction, so that the shift fork 91 is stably held at the “high speed”, “neutral”, “low speed”, and “parking” positions. ing.

  As shown in FIG. 9, the side operation panel 82 is provided with a linear operation hole 96 positioned closer to the driver's seat than the operation hole 86 of the main transmission lever 60, and a sub-transmission shorter than the main transmission lever 60. A lever 97 protrudes from the operation hole 96 so as to be operated in the front-rear direction. The sub-transmission lever 97 is supported by the bracket 84 so as to be swingable about a lateral fulcrum e, and is connected to an operation arm 97a extending from the lever base end and an outer end of the operation shaft 94. 98 is interlocked and connected via an operation rod 99.

  The operation path of the sub-transmission lever 97 has a “high speed” position suitable for traveling at the time of non-working at the end, a “neutral” position ahead, a “low speed” position suitable for work traveling ahead, and the forefront. Each has a "parking" position. When the sub-shift lever 97 is moved from the “low speed” position to the “parking” position, the shift gear SG is maintained in the meshing state with the speed change gear CG as described above, and the idling state does not appear. When the vehicle is stopped on the slope and the parking brake PB is applied, the aircraft does not slide under its own weight.

  As shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, a control valve V that performs pressure oil supply / discharge control to the ring-shaped piston 73 that operates the left and right side clutches 34 is connected to the transmission case 32. The transmission case 32 is configured in a left-right divided structure, and a control valve V is bolted and connected to a seating surface 32a formed across the joining surface via a packing 101 and an intermediate plate 102. The pressure oil supply / discharge port 103 formed on the mounting surface of the control valve V and the port 104 formed on the seat surface 32a are connected in communication, and the connection portion is oil-tightly sealed by an O-ring 105. It is like that.

  The operation arm 106 of the control valve V is interlocked and connected to a control lever 107 erected from the control box 81 via a linkage mechanism (not shown). When the control lever 107 is in the left-right neutral position, Both the side claws 34 are “clutched” and the vehicle travels straight, and when the control lever 107 is operated to the left or right, the operated side clutch 34 becomes “clutch disengaged” on one side. The traveling machine body 2 turns in the operation direction of the control lever 107 by driving only the crawler traveling device 1. When the control lever 107 is further tilted after the side clutch 34 is turned off, the side brake SB on the side where the side clutch 34 is turned off is actuated to brake the crawler traveling device 1 whose drive is cut off. As described above, the aircraft is steered by pivoting. The control lever 107 is configured to be able to perform a cross operation forward, backward, left, and right. The hydraulic cylinder 9 is shortened by the forward operation thereof, and the cutting portion is lowered, and the hydraulic cylinder 9 is extended by the backward operation and the cutting operation is performed. The control lever 107 and the control valve (not shown) of the hydraulic cylinder 9 are linked so that the part rises.

  [Other Examples]

  (1) As the parking brake PB, a multi-plate friction brake or an inward expansion shoe brake can be used.

  (2) As the main transmission mechanism 31, a gear type multi-stage transmission mechanism or other transmission mechanism may be used.

Combine side view Overall plan view of combine Transmission system diagram Longitudinal front view of the mission case Longitudinal front view showing auxiliary transmission mechanism and parking brake Front view of side clutch Side view of speed change operation structure Longitudinal front view of shift lever base Top view of the shift lever operation section Top view of the mission case Exploded side view of control valve mounting part

31 Main transmission mechanism 32 Mission case 33 Sub transmission mechanism
61 1st axis (support axis)
65 engaging claw (claw part)
66 Brake plate (plate member)
67 Lock hole (hole)
92 Support shaft (second support shaft)
97 Sub-shift lever
PB parking brake
SG shift gear
G3 small diameter gear (multiple gears)
G4 large diameter gear (multiple gears)

Claims (5)

A main transmission mechanism for traveling;
Shaft having both ends supported by the mission-case via a bearing, and, equipped different gears integral diameters were slidably supported in the axial direction of the support shaft relative to said support shaft A sub-transmission mechanism for traveling having a shift gear;
An auxiliary transmission lever for operating the auxiliary transmission mechanism;
A parking brake that prevents the running transmission system from rotating,
The parking brake includes a plate member fixed to a side of one end portion of the support shaft in the transmission case so as to face the shift gear, and a hole portion that penetrates the plate member along the axial direction. And a claw portion provided on the shift gear and projecting toward the plate member along the axial direction,
A parking position for operating the parking brake is provided in an operation path of the auxiliary transmission lever, and when the auxiliary transmission lever is operated to the parking position, the claw portion engages with the hole portion and the driving transmission system It is configured to prevent rotation,
A bearing that forms a recess recessed toward the opposite side of the shift gear on one end side of the support shaft of the transmission case, and that supports one end portion of the support shaft in the recess. And a shift operation structure for a working machine in which the plate member is fixed to the transmission case with the hole facing the recess.   The speed change operation structure according to claim 1, wherein the plate member is fixed to the transmission case in a state where the hole portion faces the bearing. The bearing that supports one end of the support shaft and the plate member are arranged apart from each other in the axial direction,
The speed change operation structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the claw portion penetrates the hole portion and enters the recess when the auxiliary transmission lever is operated to the parking position. The shift operation structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the claw portion is provided on a side surface of a gear closest to the plate member among the plurality of gears. A second support shaft supported horizontally on the transmission case in a state parallel to the support shaft;
The second support shaft is supported by the transmission case in a state where an end portion on the same side as one end portion of the support shaft is passed through the plate member. The speed change operation structure according to item.

Images