JP4959678B2 - ベクトルを自動的に選択する胸部または心臓内インピーダンス - Google Patents
ベクトルを自動的に選択する胸部または心臓内インピーダンス Download PDFInfo
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Description
本明細書では、参照により本明細書に組み込まれる、2005年4月20日に出願された米国特許出願11/110,418号の優先権の利益が主張される。
レート応答型ペースメーカーでは、インピーダンス・センサを使用して経胸腔インピーダンスを測定することができる。一実施例では、このような胸部インピーダンスは、ペースメーカーのリード(「リード電極」)上の心臓内電極と電子回路や電源を収納した胸部配置ペースメーカーの「缶」上の他の電極との間で測定される。この測定された胸部インピーダンスは、とりわけ、呼吸成分と心収縮量(「心拍量」)成分の両方を含む。本発明の発明者の少なくとも何人かは、異なるリード電極位置(心室対心房)とペースメーカー缶埋め込み部位(左胸部埋め込み対右胸部埋め込み)の間の胸部インピーダンス信号を比較した調査研究の実施に参加している。
図3は、診断モードで心臓内または経胸腔インピーダンスを測定するためのシステム300とその環境の一実施例を一般に示し、後から診断モードでインピーダンス・データの収集に使用するため自動的に選択すべき電極構成を決定するための試験モードを含む、ブロック図である。この実施例では、システム300は、心臓機能管理(CFM)または他の埋め込み型医療機器(IMD)302、インピーダンス・データを集めるための電極304、IMD 302と通信するための外部機器306を備える。
上述のシステムおよび方法は、異なる現在の、または今後の電極構成を選択して、求められている情報の望ましいSNRを得るために使用できる(例えば、排他的に心拍情報または呼吸情報)。
上記の説明では、インピーダンス誘導心拍と呼吸信号を特に重視しているが、上記の技術は、肺浮腫もしくは胸水などによる過剰な胸部体液、または起立性もしくは他の低血圧症などによる胸部体液の欠乏を含む、被験者の胸部体液状態を表す近DC信号などの、注目する他のインピーダンス信号に関して電極を選択するために使用することができる。本明細書では、胸部インピーダンス信号の近DC成分の周波数は、呼吸と心収縮が胸部インピーダンス信号に著しい影響を及ぼす上限周波数を意味する(例えば、呼吸成分よりも少なくとも1桁低い)。一実施例では、胸部インピーダンス信号の近DC成分は、胸部インピーダンス信号の心拍と呼吸成分がより高い周波数にあるため、約5×10-7Hzから0.05Hzまでの信号周波数などの、約0.05Hzの値を有するカットオフ周波数よりも低い信号周波数を意味する。
上の説明は、例示することを目的としており、制限することを目的としていないことは理解されるであろう。例えば、上述の実施形態(および/またはその態様)は、互いに組み合わせて使用することができる。上記の説明を読んだ後、当業者には他の多くの実施形態が明白なものとなるであろう。したがって、本発明の範囲は、付属の請求項を参照して決定されるべきである。付属の請求項における英文中の「including(含む、備える)」および「in which」という言葉は、「comprising(含む、備える)」および「wherein」のそれぞれの言葉と等価であるものとして使用される。また、請求項では、「including(含む、備える)」および「comprising(備える、含む)」という言葉は、制約がない、つまり、請求項中のそのような言葉の後に列挙されているものに加えて複数の要素を含むシステム、機器、物品、またはプロセスは、その請求項の範囲内にあるとみなされる。さらに、本明細書および請求項では、「first(第1の)」、「second(第2の)」、および「third(第3の)」などの言葉は、単にラベルとして使用され、その対象に対する数値的要件を課すことを意図していない。
Claims (11)
- 被験者の胸部内の異なる電極構成からインピーダンス信号を受け取るように構成された入力を備える、インピーダンス検出器回路と、
前記インピーダンス検出器回路に結合され、前記インピーダンス信号を受け取り、そこから対応する心拍信号を抽出する、心拍信号フィルタ回路と、
前記インピーダンス検出器回路に結合され、前記インピーダンス信号を受け取り、そこから対応する呼吸信号を抽出する、呼吸信号フィルタ回路と、
前記心拍信号フィルタ回路に結合され、前記心拍信号を受け取り、そこから対応する心拍振幅を抽出する、心拍振幅測定回路と、
前記呼吸信号フィルタ回路に結合され、前記呼吸信号を受け取り、そこから対応する呼吸振幅を抽出する、呼吸振幅測定回路と、
同じ電極構成からの心拍振幅と対応する呼吸振幅との間の、各電極構成についての比較測定を計算し、それぞれの電極構成に関連付けられている前記比較測定の相対値に基づき、心拍信号と呼吸信号のうちの少なくとも1つを取得する際に使用する特定の電極構成を選択するように実行可能な命令を備えるプロセッサ回路と、
を備える埋め込み型医療デバイス(IMD)を備えるシステム。 - 前記比較測定結果は、前記心拍振幅と前記心拍振幅と同じ電極構成に関連付けられている前記呼吸振幅との比である請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 前記心拍信号と前記呼吸信号のうちの少なくとも1つは、心拍信号であり、前記比は、前記心拍振幅を前記呼吸振幅で割った値であり、前記プロセッサ回路は、他の少なくとも1つの電極構成に対応する比の値に対して前記対応する比の最大値を含む前記特定の電極構成を選択するように動作する請求項2に記載のシステム。
- 前記心拍信号と前記呼吸信号のうちの少なくとも1つは、呼吸信号であり、前記比は、前記呼吸振幅を前記心拍振幅で割った値であり、前記プロセッサ回路は、他の1つまたは複数の電極構成に対応する他の1つまたは複数の比の値に対して前記対応する比の最大値を含む前記特定の電極構成を選択するように動作する請求項2に記載のシステム。
- 前記プロセッサは、電極構成に関連付けられている少なくとも1つの比の値と予め決めた閾値とを比較し、少なくとも1つの比の値が前記閾値以下である場合に心拍信号と呼吸信号のうちの少なくとも1つを前記取得することを無効にするように構成される請求項2に記載のシステム。
- 被験者の胸部において、第1の電極構成を定める、少なくとも第1と第2の電極の間の第1のインピーダンス信号を測定することと、
被験者の胸部において、第2の電極構成を定める、少なくとも第3と第4の電極の間の第2のインピーダンス信号を測定することであって、前記第3と第4の電極のうちの少なくとも1つが前記第1と第2の電極のうちの少なくとも1つと異なる電極である、第2のインピーダンス信号を測定することと、
前記第1のインピーダンス信号から第1の心拍信号を抽出することと、
前記第1のインピーダンス信号から第1の呼吸信号を抽出することと、
前記第1の心拍信号から第1の心臓振幅測定結果を抽出することと、
前記第1の心拍信号から第1の呼吸振幅測定結果を抽出することと、
前記第1の心臓振幅測定結果と前記第1の呼吸振幅測定結果との間の第1の比較測定結果を計算することと、
前記第2のインピーダンス信号から第2の心拍信号を抽出することと、
前記第2のインピーダンス信号から第2の呼吸信号を抽出することと、
前記第2の心拍信号から第2の心臓振幅測定結果を抽出することと、
前記第2の心拍信号から第2の呼吸振幅測定結果を抽出することと、
前記第2の心臓振幅測定結果と前記第2の呼吸振幅測定結果との間の第2の比較測定結果を計算することと、
前記呼吸と心拍信号のうちの少なくとも1つをその後抽出するために前記第1と第2の電極構成のうちの1つを自動的に選択するために前記第1と第2の比較測定結果を比較することとを含む方法。 - 前記第1の比較測定結果を前記計算することは、前記第1の心臓振幅測定結果と前記第1の呼吸振幅測定結果との比を計算することを含み、
前記第2の比較測定結果を前記計算することは、前記第2の心臓振幅測定結果と前記第2の呼吸振幅測定結果との比を計算することを含む請求項6に記載の方法。 - 前記第1と第2の比較測定結果を前記第1と第2の電極構成のうちの1つを自動的に選択するために前記比較することは、第1の比較測定結果が前記第2の比較測定結果を超える場合に前記第1の電極構成を選択することを含む請求項6に記載の方法。
- 前記呼吸信号が注目され、前記第1の比較測定結果は、(1)前記第1の呼吸信号と前記第1の心臓信号との比、および(2)前記第1の呼吸信号と前記第1の心臓信号との差のうちの1つであり、前記第2の比較測定結果は、(1)前記第2の呼吸信号と前記第2の心臓信号との比、および(2)前記第2の呼吸信号と前記第2の心臓信号との差のうちの相当する1つである請求項8に記載の方法。
- さらに、
前記第1と第2の比較測定結果と閾値とを比較することと、
前記第1と第2の比較測定結果が両方とも前記閾値よりも小さい場合、前記呼吸と心拍信号のうちの少なくとも1つをその後抽出することを無効にすることとを含む請求項6に記載の方法。 - 前記第1の心臓振幅測定結果を前記抽出することは、複数の心臓周期にわたって前記第1の心臓振幅測定結果の中心傾向を決定することを含むこと、
前記第2の心臓振幅測定結果を前記抽出することは、複数の心臓周期にわたって前記第2の心臓振幅測定結果の中心傾向を決定することを含むこと、
前記第1の呼吸振幅測定結果を前記抽出することは、複数の呼吸周期にわたって前記第1の呼吸振幅測定結果の中心傾向を決定することを含むこと、
前記第2の呼吸振幅測定結果を前記抽出することは、複数の呼吸周期にわたって前記第2の呼吸振幅測定結果の中心傾向を決定することを含むこと
のうちの少なくとも1つが行われる請求項6に記載の方法。
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US11/110,418 | 2005-04-20 | ||
US11/110,418 US7630763B2 (en) | 2005-04-20 | 2005-04-20 | Thoracic or intracardiac impedance detection with automatic vector selection |
PCT/US2006/009646 WO2006115607A1 (en) | 2005-04-20 | 2006-03-16 | Thoracic or intracardiac impedance selecting vector automatically |
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AT (2) | ATE500864T1 (ja) |
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ATE443537T1 (de) | 2009-10-15 |
ATE500864T1 (de) | 2011-03-15 |
DE602006020643D1 (de) | 2011-04-21 |
EP1885444B1 (en) | 2009-09-23 |
EP2133117A1 (en) | 2009-12-16 |
JP2008536618A (ja) | 2008-09-11 |
US20130281867A1 (en) | 2013-10-24 |
US8761876B2 (en) | 2014-06-24 |
DE602006009392D1 (de) | 2009-11-05 |
US7630763B2 (en) | 2009-12-08 |
US20110301471A1 (en) | 2011-12-08 |
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