JP4953332B2 - Agricultural machine - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a farm work machine capable of proceeding straight along with traveling of a traveling machine body at an offset position on the side of the traveling machine body.

  As such an agricultural machine, there is known a grooving machine that moves a working unit to an offset work position and proceeds along with traveling of the traveling machine body to continuously form grooves in the agricultural field. In general, the grooving machine performs the grooving work by fixing the working portion at the offset work position. However, as described in Patent Document 1, the offset work position is set according to the work conditions. There has been proposed one that can be changed laterally with respect to the traveling direction.

  As shown in FIG. 8 (rear view), the ditcher 100 is supported by a machine frame 101 that is supported at both ends behind a traveling machine body (a tractor in the literature) 90 and extends in the left-right direction with respect to the traveling direction of the traveling machine body 90. A work unit (work machine main body in the literature) 102 is slidably attached along the machine frame 101. The working unit 102 is provided on a screw auger in which a spiral blade body is provided upward from a lower part of a rotary shaft that extends in the vertical direction and is rotatably supported, and a rotary shaft that extends upward from the upper part of the screw auger. The jump plate, the auger case 103 that surrounds the rear side of the screw auger and can be discharged to the side, the groove shaping plate 104 that is attached to the rear portion of the auger case 103 and extends rearward, and the jump plate are covered. And a cover 105 having a discharge port on the left side in the traveling direction, a soil discharge plate 106 for guiding the soil discharged from the discharge port to the rear, and the like.

  When the traveling machine body 90 travels forward in a state where power is transmitted to the ditcher 100, the soil in the field is lifted upward along the auger case from below by the rotation of the screw auger and is ejected from the discharge port by the spring plate. It is discharged and discharged to the rear side in the aircraft traveling direction along the earth discharging plate 106. At the same time, grooves are formed where the soil is excavated.

Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 1-31642

  In this conventional grooving machine, the left end of the frame body is arranged on the inner side of the wheel of the traveling machine body, so even if the working part is attached to the left end part of the frame body, this is outside the wheel of the traveling machine body. Can not be placed in. For this reason, the conventional grooving machine has a problem that the relative position with respect to the traveling machine body is limited, and it is difficult for some workers to form a groove at a desired position even if the work on the opposite side is easy. ing.

  In addition, the conventional grooving machine performs a straight traveling operation along the traveling direction of the traveling machine body, but it is impossible to perform a subsequent grooving work when the tip of the traveling machine body reaches the end of the field. Have a problem.

  The present invention provides an agricultural machine capable of performing work by moving forward on a side or a desired position of a field, and also performing unworked portions remaining on the edge of the field by forward work from the opposite direction. The purpose is to do.

  In order to achieve the above object, the agricultural machine (for example, the grooving machine 1 in the embodiment) of the present invention is attached to a mounting mechanism (for example, the three-point link coupling mechanism 92 in the embodiment) disposed at the rear part of the traveling machine body. A mounting portion that is mounted and has an input shaft for inputting power from the traveling machine body, an offset mechanism portion that can move in the left-right direction from the mounting portion, and a pivotable portion provided on the moving end side of the offset mechanism portion A working unit having a working unit that is maintained in a predetermined direction and performs work by power transmitted from the input shaft, and the working unit discharges the soil excavated from below to above by the trench body. It is a groove digging work section that progresses while forming a groove, and proceeds in accordance with the forward traveling of the traveling machine body, and moves forward at an arbitrary position from the offset work position on one side in the left-right direction to the offset work position on the other side. The grooving body performs a work, and a rotary shaft that extends in the vertical direction and is rotatably supported, a spiral blade body that is provided upward from a lower portion of the rotary shaft, and a rotation that is above the spiral blade body. A jump plate provided on the shaft, and a cover portion that is disposed so as to cover the jump plate and includes a discharge direction changing mechanism for discharging the soil splashed by the jump plate in a predetermined direction. The cover discharge direction changing mechanism includes a disc-shaped fixing plate attached to the moving end side of the offset mechanism portion above the jumping plate, and a spring that is supported so as to be rotatable with respect to the fixing plate. A side plate that is movable along the outer periphery of the fixed plate, and the side plate has a side portion that is curved along the outer periphery of the fixed plate and surrounds the outer side of the spring plate. The direction length is shorter than the outer periphery of the fixed plate, and the side plate is rotated to one side with respect to the fixed plate. Then, a discharge port is formed below the other side of the fixing plate on the outer side of the other side end portion of the side portion, and when the side plate is rotated to the other side with respect to the fixing plate, the one side end portion of the side portion is A discharge port is formed below one side of the fixed plate on the outside.

  According to the present invention, the working unit can perform forward work at an arbitrary position from the offset work position on one side in the left-right direction to the offset work position on the other side, and the work part can be moved with respect to the traveling direction of the traveling machine body. When the traveling machine body moves forward by moving to the offset work position on one side in the left-right direction, the working unit moves along one side in the left-right direction of the field to perform the forward work. In addition, the unworked part that remains after the tip of the traveling machine body reaches the end of the field is moved to the offset work position on the other side in the left-right direction with respect to the traveling direction of the traveling machine body, and the traveling machine body is moved in the opposite direction. When the vehicle travels forward, the unworked part can be worked in the forward work and can be connected to the already worked part. That is, it is possible to work from end to end of the field.

  In addition, since the working unit is a grooving working unit, the grooving working unit is moved to the offset working position on either side of the lateral direction with respect to the traveling direction of the traveling machine body, and the traveling machine body travels forward. The digging work part moves along one side of the field to perform the grooving work. In addition, the unworked portion remaining after the tip of the traveling machine body reaches the end of the field is moved to the offset work position on the other side in the left-right direction with respect to the traveling direction of the traveling machine body. If the vehicle travels forward from the opposite direction, the grooving operation of the unworked part can be performed by the forward work, and can be connected to the already worked part. That is, it is possible to dig a groove from end to end of the field.

  Further, the grooving body of the present invention includes a rotary shaft that extends in the vertical direction and is rotatably supported, a spiral blade body that is provided upward from the lower portion of the rotary shaft, and a rotational shaft that is above the spiral blade body. A jump plate provided on the shaft, and a cover portion disposed so as to cover the jump plate, the cover portion for discharging the soil splashed by the jump plate in a predetermined direction; By providing the discharge direction changing mechanism, the soil excavated by the grooving body can be discharged in a desired direction, and the soil can be brought to a desired side or scattered.

  The side plate of the present invention has a support portion that is rotatably supported by a support shaft provided on the moving end side of the offset mechanism portion and has a side portion connected to the distal end portion. A screw part that protrudes toward the side and is rotatably supported is provided, and a fastening member that protrudes toward the support part is provided on the fixed plate, and the fastening member has a lower side on one side or the other side of the fixed plate. A pair of screw holes that can be screwed with the threaded portion when the discharge port is formed are provided.

  According to the agricultural machine according to the present invention, the working unit proceeds with the forward traveling of the traveling machine body, and performs the forward work at an arbitrary position from the offset work position on the one side in the left-right direction to the offset work position on the other side. It can be performed, and by changing the offset position, it is possible to provide an agricultural machine that can be performed in an advance operation from end to end of the field.

The top view of the ditcher concerning one embodiment of the present invention is shown. The working part of a ditcher is shown, The figure (a) is a top view of a working part, The figure (b) is a partial rear view of a working part, The figure (c) is a partial side view of a working part It is. The top view for demonstrating operation | movement of a ditcher is shown. The top view for demonstrating operation | movement of the ditching machine in the case of forming the groove | channel from the end of an agricultural field to an end is shown. The working part of the ditcher concerning other embodiments of the present invention is shown, the figure (a) is a top view of a working part, and the figure (b) is the partial rear view of a working part. The working part of the ditcher concerning other embodiments of the present invention is shown, the figure (a) is a top view of a working part, and the figure (b) is the partial rear view of a working part. The top view for demonstrating operation | movement of the ditcher concerning other embodiment is shown. The rear view of the conventional trench machine is shown.

  Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment of an agricultural machine according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. This embodiment will be described by taking as an example a grooving machine that forms a groove in a farm field as the traveling machine body travels forward. For convenience of explanation, the following description will be made with the directions of arrows shown in FIG. 1 (plan view) as the front-rear direction and the left-right direction.

  First, the traveling machine body to which the ditcher is mounted will be described. As shown in FIG. 1, the traveling machine body 90 is a so-called tractor in which a pair of left and right front wheels and a rear wheel 91 are disposed on the front side and the rear side of the vehicle body, and a three-point link coupling mechanism 92 is provided at the rear part of the traveling machine body 90. Is provided.

  The three-point link coupling mechanism 92 includes a pair of lower links 92a that are disposed at a predetermined interval in the machine body width direction of the traveling machine body 90, extend rearward, and are rotatably attached in the vertical direction. A top link 92b that is disposed at an upper position between the links 92a and extends rearward and is pivotably mounted in the vertical direction; and a lifting device (not shown) that swings the lower link 92a in the vertical direction. The trench excavator 1 can move in the vertical direction by the vertical swing of the lower link 92a.

  The grooving machine 1 is connected to a three-point link coupling mechanism 92 provided at the rear part of the traveling machine body 90, and performs grooving work according to the forward traveling of the traveling machine body 90, and is attached to the traveling machine body 90. A mounting unit 10 having an input shaft 12a to which power from the traveling machine body 90 is input, an offset mechanism unit 20 attached to the mounting part 10 and movable in the left-right direction of the traveling machine body 90, and an offset mechanism unit 20 A working unit 50 that is disposed on the moving end side (rear end side) so as to be rotatable in the horizontal direction and performs grooving work on the left and right sides of the traveling machine body 90 or at a desired position by power transmitted from the input shaft 12a. Have.

  The mounting portion 10 includes a hitch frame 11 extending in the left-right direction, and a connection frame (not shown) that is attached to the front side of the hitch frame 11 and can be connected to a three-point link connection mechanism 92 provided on the traveling machine body 90. .

  A gear box 12 is provided at the center of the hitch frame 11 in the left-right direction. The gear box 12 includes the input shaft 12a described above, and the input shaft 12a is a transmission shaft from a PTO shaft (not shown) of the traveling machine body 90. Power is transmitted through (not shown).

  The offset mechanism unit 20 is rotatably connected to the center of the hitch frame 11 with the front end side as a link fulcrum and extends rearward, and is arranged along the left side of the offset arm 21 so that the front end side is hitch. The hitch frame 11 has an offset member connected to a rear arm 24 rotatably connected to the left end portion of the frame 11 and connected to a rear arm 24 having a rear end portion rotatably attached to the rear end portion of the offset arm 21. The arm 21, the rear arm 24, and the link member 22 constitute a parallel link mechanism.

  Between the offset arm 21 and the link member 22, there is located a movement restricting device 30 that restricts the movement of the offset mechanism unit 20 and maintains the working unit 50 at an arbitrary position from the right offset working position to the left offset working position. It is attached to be adjustable.

  A support shaft 25 extending downward is attached to the rear arm 24 that rotatably connects the rear end portion of the offset arm 21, and a working portion 50 is fixed to the lower side of the support shaft 25. For this reason, the working unit 50 is always maintained in a certain direction (front side in the drawing) regardless of the movement of the offset mechanism unit 20 in the left-right direction.

  As shown in FIG. 2A (plan view), FIG. 2B (rear view), and FIG. 2C (side view), the working unit 50 is a flange provided at the lower end of the support shaft 25. A grooved body 60 is rotatably attached to the part 51. The grooving body 60 includes a rotary shaft 61 extending in the vertical direction, and a spiral blade body 62 is attached upward from a lower portion of the rotary shaft 61. The rotating shaft 61 is configured to rotate by receiving the power transmitted to the input shaft 12a. The rotation shaft 61 rotates in the direction of arrow A so that the spiral blade body 62 moves upward from the lower part. In addition, the rotating shaft 61 is in a posture oriented in a substantially vertical direction at the time of work.

  A protruding plate 63 extending in the vertical direction is attached to the rotating shaft 61 at an upper portion of the rotating shaft 61, and a cover portion 53 is attached to the flange portion 51 so as to cover the protruding plate 63. The cover unit 53 includes a top plate 80 above the jumping plate 63, a pair of rectangular side top plates 54 arranged to face the top plate 80 at a predetermined interval, and the side top plates 54. And an arcuate left-side plate 55 or right-side plate 56 that is detachably attached to the side of the spring-out plate 63. The top plate 80 is fixed to the flange portion 51. A pair of shafts 57 are attached to the upper ends of the left side plate 55 and the right side plate 56 in parallel with a predetermined interval and extend inward, and correspond to the left and right end portions on the upper side of the side top plate 54. A cylindrical portion 58 that fits the shaft portion 57 is attached so as to extend in the left-right direction. A hole is provided in each of the distal end side of the shaft portion 57 and the tube portion 58. When the shaft portion 57 is inserted into the tube portion 58, these hole portions are communicated with each other, and a locking pin 59 is inserted into the communicated hole portion. By inserting, the shaft portion 57 is fixed to the tube portion 58 and the left side plate 55 or the right side plate 56 is fixed to the side top plate 54.

  For this reason, when either the left side plate 55 or the right side plate 56 is attached, a soil discharge port 65 discharged by the spring plate 63 is formed. As described above, the side top plate 54 and the left side plate 55 or the right side plate 56 detachably attached to the side top plate 54 constitute a discharge direction changing mechanism 66 that changes the soil discharge direction, and either the left side plate 55 or the right side plate 56. By attaching, the discharge direction of the soil released from the jumping plate 63 can be set to either the left or right direction.

  A plate-like groove forming portion 70 for shaping the side surface and the bottom surface of the groove M to be formed is provided at a position behind the rotating shaft 61 and below the cover portion 53. An earth discharging plate 71 is attached to extend to the upper edge of the groove.

  Next, the operation of the grooving machine 1 when the grooving machine 1 of the present invention forms a groove in the field will be described. First, the case where a groove | channel is formed along the one side of the left-right direction of a rectangular-shaped field is demonstrated. As shown in FIG. 3 (a) (plan view) and FIG. 4 (a) (plan view), first, the digging machine 1 is mounted on the rear part of the traveling machine body 90, and the traveling machine body 90 is placed at a place where a groove is formed. After installing, the right side plate 56 is attached to the side top plate 54 and the discharge port 65 is formed on the left side. Then, the offset mechanism unit 20 is moved to move the working unit 50 to the right offset working position Pr, and the movement restricting device 30 regulates the movement of the offset mechanism unit 20. Then, the lower limit swing position of the lower link of the three-point link coupling mechanism is set so that the groove excavator 1 can move downward under its own weight until the groove M to be formed reaches a predetermined depth.

  Then, as shown in FIG. 4A, the traveling machine body 90 is caused to travel forward, and the power from the traveling machine body 90 is transmitted to the input shaft 12 a of the trench excavator 1. When power is transmitted to the ditcher 1, as shown in FIGS. 2 (a) and 2 (b), the rotating shaft 61 rotates and the soil of the field F moves upward from below by the rotation of the spiral blade body 62. The soil is discharged from the discharge port 65 to the left in the traveling direction of the traveling machine body 90 by the jumping plate 63. At the same time, the left and right side surfaces and the bottom surface of the groove M formed in the field F by the groove forming unit 70 are shaped. The rotating shaft 61 enters the field F by the weight of the trench excavator 1. For this reason, the depth of the groove M gradually increases as the groove machine 1 advances, and when the predetermined depth is reached, the downward movement of the groove machine 1 is restricted by the three-point link coupling mechanism, and the groove The excavator 1 continuously forms grooves having a predetermined depth.

And as shown to Fig.4 (a), when the front-end | tip part of the traveling machine body 90 reaches | attains the edge of the farm field F, it will be substantially equal to the length of the traveling machine body 90 in the area along one side of the corner Fc of the farm field F. An unworked portion W having a length remains. Therefore, the non-working portion W to form a groove, as shown in FIG. 4 (b) (plan view), moving the working unit 50 from the right side offset working position Pr to the left offset working position P _L, the working unit The traveling machine body 90 is caused to travel so that 50 is positioned at the end of the field F in the unworked portion W. Then, when the traveling machine body 90 travels forward from the opposite direction, the working unit 50 can perform the work of the unworked part W by the forward work and can be connected to the already worked part. That is, the ditching machine 1 can go straight from one end to the other and perform a ditching operation.

  Next, the case where the working unit 50 is arranged at an arbitrary position between the right offset work position Pr and the left offset work position, for example, at the intermediate work position Ps, will be described. In such a case, as shown in FIG. 3B (plan view), the offset mechanism unit 20 is moved to move the working unit 50 to the central working position Ps, and the movement of the offset mechanism unit 20 is restricted. It is regulated by the device 30. At this time, the working unit 50 is maintained in a state facing the front side. Further, the right side plate 56 is attached to the side top plate 54, and the discharge port 65 is formed on the left side. Depending on the working conditions, the right side plate 56 may be removed from the side top plate 54 and the left side plate may be attached to the side top plate 54 so that the soil discharge direction is on the right side.

  When the traveling machine body 90 travels forward and power is transmitted to the ditcher 1, the groove M can be formed on the rear side of the traveling machine body 90 traveling forward. And when the front-end | tip part of the traveling body 90 reaches | attains the edge of the agricultural field F, an unworked part will remain in the corner of the agricultural field F. Therefore, in order to form a groove in this unworked portion, as described above, the work unit 50 is moved from the center work position Ps to the right offset work position or the left offset work position, and the work unit 50 is moved to the field F in the unworked portion. The traveling machine body 90 is caused to travel so as to be positioned at the end. Then, when the traveling machine body 90 travels forward from the opposite direction, the working unit 50 can perform the grooving work by the forward work, and can connect to the already-worked part. That is, the grooving machine 1 can form a groove M extending from end to end of the field F.

  In addition, when the work can be performed across the already formed groove, the groove can be formed in the unworked portion when the traveling machine body 90 is moved forward from the opposite direction while the working unit 50 remains at the central work position Ps.

Thus, the working portion 50 of the grooving machine 1, it is possible to perform the advancing work at any position from the right offset working position Pr to the left offset working position P _L, grooving machine 1 of the present invention, Groove work can be performed while moving forward from end to end of the field.

  As shown in FIG. 5A (plan view) and FIG. 5B (side view), the discharge direction changing mechanism 66 is attached to a disc-shaped fixing plate 67 attached to the side top plate 54. The side plate 68 may be pivotably attached. The side plate 68 includes a curved side portion 68a and a support portion 68b that is connected to the upper portion of the side portion 68a, is disposed above the fixed plate 67, and is rotatably fitted to the rotary shaft 61. The support portion 68b is formed in a fan shape in a plan view (in the drawing, the central angle θ is about 125 °), its peripheral portion is disposed outside that of the fixed plate 67, and the side portion 68a is downward from the peripheral portion of the support portion 68b. Extend to. The side portion 68a has a central angle θ larger than that of the support portion 68b (in the drawing, the central angle θ ′ is about 210 °). For this reason, when the side plate 68 is moved to the right side, a discharge port 65 is formed below the left side of the fixed plate 67, and when the side plate 68 is rotated to the left side, FIG. 6 (a) (plan view), FIG. ) (Side view), a discharge port 65 is formed below the right side of the fixed plate 67.

  A screw portion 69 is rotatably attached to an intermediate portion of the support portion 68b, and an arcuate fastening member 73 is attached to an upper portion of the fixed plate 67. At both ends of the fastening member 73, screw holes 73a and 73b into which the screw part 69 is screwed are provided. The screw holes 73a and 73b can be screwed into the screw holes 73a when the side plate 68 is rotated to the right, and can be screwed into the screw holes 73b when the side plate 68 is rotated to the left. Are arranged as follows. For this reason, the side plate 68 can be fixed to the fixing plate 67 in a state where the discharge port 65 is opened by the screw portion 69 and the fastening member 73. In this way, the position of the discharge port can be changed simply by rotating the side plate 68 with respect to the fixed plate 67, and the discharge direction of the excavated soil can be set to either the left or right direction according to the working conditions. it can. However, the soil can be brought to the desired side or scattered.

  When a groove is formed along one side of the right side of the field F by the groove digger 1 having such a discharge direction changing mechanism 66, as shown in FIG. 7 (a) (plan view), the side plate 68 is rotated to the right to form a discharge port 65 on the left side of the fixed plate 67, and the working portion 50 of the ditcher 1 is moved to the right offset work position Pr. Then, when the traveling machine body is moved forward with the power transmitted to the trench digger 1 and the trench digger 1 is moved along one side, a groove M is formed along one side of the field F and the discharge port 65 is formed. Soil is discharged to the left in the direction of travel of the traveling aircraft.

When a groove is formed at the intermediate work position Ps between the right offset work position Pr and the left offset work position P _L , the offset mechanism 20 is moved as shown in FIG. 7B (plan view). Then, the working unit 50 is moved to the central working position Ps, and the side plate 68 is rotated to the right side to form the discharge port 65 on the left side of the fixed plate 67. Then, when power is transmitted to the ditcher 1 while the traveling machine is traveling forward, a groove M is formed in the farm field F, and soil is discharged from the discharge port 65 to the left in the traveling direction of the traveling machine. Depending on the working conditions, instead of forming the discharge port 65 on the left side of the fixed plate 67 described above, the discharge port 65 may be formed on the right side of the fixed plate 67.

When forming a groove at the left offset work position P _L , as shown in FIG. 7C (plan view), the offset mechanism part 20 is moved to move the work part 50 to the left offset work position Ps. Then, the side plate 68 is rotated to the left to form a discharge port 65 on the right side of the fixed plate 67. Then, when power is transmitted to the trench excavator 1 while the traveling machine is traveling forward, a groove M is formed along one side of the field F, and soil is discharged from the discharge port 65 to the right in the traveling direction of the traveling machine. The

  In this way, the discharged direction of the excavated soil can be set to either the left or right direction according to the working conditions, and the soil can be brought to a desired side or scattered. Further, since the side plate 68 can be rotated and fixed with respect to the fixed plate 67, the position of the discharge port 65 can be easily changed, and the change operation of the discharge port 65 can be easily performed.

1 Groove machine (agricultural machine)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Mounting part 12a Input shaft 20 Offset mechanism part 50 Working part 53 Cover part 60 Groove body 61 Rotating shaft 62 Spiral blade body 63 Jumping plate 66 Discharge direction change mechanism 90 Traveling machine body 92 Three-point link connection mechanism (mounting mechanism)
M groove

Claims (2)

A mounting portion that is mounted on a mounting mechanism disposed at a rear portion of the traveling machine body and includes an input shaft that inputs power from the traveling machine body, an offset mechanism that is movable in the left-right direction from the mounting section, and the offset A farm working machine having a working unit that is provided on the moving end side of the mechanism unit and that is maintained in a predetermined direction and performs work by power transmitted from the input shaft,
The working portion is a groove digging working portion that forms a groove while discharging the soil excavated from below to above by the grooving body, and proceeds with the forward traveling of the traveling machine body, Perform forward work at any position from the offset work position on one side of the direction to the offset work position on the other side,
The grooving body is provided on a rotary shaft that extends in the vertical direction and is rotatably supported, a spiral blade body that is provided upward from a lower portion of the rotary shaft, and a rotary shaft that is above the spiral blade body. And a cover portion provided with a discharge direction changing mechanism for discharging the soil splashed by the jump plate in a predetermined direction so as to cover the jump plate,
The discharge direction changing mechanism of the cover portion is supported by a disk-shaped fixing plate attached to the moving end side of the offset mechanism portion above the jumping plate, and rotatably with respect to the fixing plate. A side plate that is movable along the outer periphery of the fixed plate on the outside of the spring plate
The side plate has a side portion that curves along the outer periphery of the fixed plate and surrounds the outside of the spring plate, and the circumferential length of the side portion is shorter than the outer periphery of the fixed plate,
When the side plate is rotated to one side with respect to the fixed plate, a discharge port is formed below the other side of the fixed plate outside the other side end of the side portion, and the side plate is used as the fixed plate. On the other hand, when it is rotated to the other side, a discharge port is formed below one side of the fixed plate outside the one side end of the side portion. The side plate includes a support portion that is rotatably supported by a support shaft provided on the moving end side of the offset mechanism portion, and the side portion is connected to a tip portion.
The support portion is provided with a screw portion that protrudes toward the fixed plate and is rotatably supported.
On the fixing plate, a fastening member protruding toward the support portion side is provided,
The fastening member is provided with a pair of screw holes that can be screwed together with the screw portion when a discharge port formed below one side or the other side of the fixing plate is formed. The agricultural machine according to 1.

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