JP4944139B2 - Upwelling flow generation structure - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to upwelling generated structure.

  The so-called upwelling current refers to the ocean current that flows from the seabed toward the sea surface. Such upwelling flow has a low water temperature and a high specific gravity. For this reason, the deep seawater which is easy to stagnate is raised, and vertical mixing of seawater is promoted. Also, nutrient salts such as phosphates and nitrates that are abundant on the sea floor are pushed up to the upper layers where sunlight reaches. This promotes photosynthesis by sunlight and promotes plankton growth. Along with this, deep seawater is raised to the surface. The amount of dissolved oxygen is increased by the pressure difference and the temperature difference due to the increase. The various phenomena as described above can form a suitable environment for fish to live. Accordingly, various structures have been developed that generate upwelling currents using horizontal currents such as ocean currents and tidal currents. As such an upwelling flow generating structure, there is an upwelling flow generating structure described in Japanese Patent No. 2628114 (Patent Document 1). This upwelling flow generating structure is formed in a mound shape. That is, this upwelling flow generating structure is formed by dropping mound materials such as rubble, blocks, and coal ash concrete blocks into the sea and stacking them on the seabed ground.

  However, such a conventional upwelling flow generating structure is formed by stacking rubble, blocks, etc., so that it is possible to generate upwelling flow, but there is little space for fish and the like. For this reason, there was a doubt about the actual effect even when the upwelling flow was generated.

Japanese Patent No. 2628114

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and is a structure for generating upwelling currents and forming a space for suitably inhabiting fish and the like, and has a workability in construction. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a structure for generating upwelling flow that is excellent in stability after construction.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention is a structure for generating upwelling flow, comprising a foundation part constructed by a foundation construction material, and a fish reef part installed above the foundation part. And the collapse prevention means is scattering prevention means for the fish reef part, and the scattering prevention means is a commercially available fish reef unit, and the fish reef units are spaced from each other within 5 m so as to surround the periphery of the fish reef part. It is characterized by being installed or formed separately by

The upwelling flow generating structure according to the present invention is an embodiment, and it is preferable that the fish reef unit is constructed by a concrete fish reef unit.

  It is preferable that the scattering prevention means for the fish reef is further provided with a fishing net catching prevention means. Such hook preventing means is preferably formed as a slope portion provided outside the fish reef portion scattering preventing means.

According to the present invention, it is a structure for generating upwelling flow that forms a space for suitably inhabiting fish and the like while generating upwelling flow, has good workability in construction, and is stable after construction. An upwelling flow generating structure with excellent properties is provided.

  In other words, the upwelling flow generating structure of the present invention has an appropriate foundation even when the tidal current is fast and difficult to construct, and it is almost necessary to estimate the timing of the tidal tendency. Absent. Therefore, workability is good. In particular, this effect can be expected by constructing the collapsing prevention means together. In addition, by appropriately adopting the anti-collapse means, the shape can be kept stable after construction and the collecting effect can be maintained.

It is a typical transverse cross section explaining one embodiment of the upwelling flow generating structure according to the present invention. It is a perspective view explaining one embodiment of the fish reef unit which can be adopted for the upwelling flow generating structure according to the present invention. It is a perspective view explaining other embodiment of the fish reef unit which can be employ | adopted for the upwelling flow generation | occurrence | production structure which concerns on this invention. It is a perspective view explaining embodiment of the scattering prevention means which can be employ | adopted as the upwelling flow generation | occurrence | production structure which concerns on this invention. It is a perspective view explaining other embodiment of the scattering prevention means which can be employ | adopted for the upwelling flow generation | occurrence | production structure which concerns on this invention. It is a perspective view explaining further another embodiment of the scattering prevention means which can be employ | adopted as the upwelling flow generation | occurrence | production structure which concerns on this invention. It is a typical cross-sectional view explaining other embodiment of the upwelling flow generation structure which concerns on this invention. It is a typical cross-sectional view explaining further another embodiment of the upwelling flow generating structure according to the present invention.

Hereinafter, the upwelling flow generating structure according to the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of a structure for generating upwelling flow according to the present invention. As illustrated, the upwelling flow generating structure 100 includes a base portion 102 and a fish reef portion 104. The foundation part 102 is constructed by a foundation construction material 106.

  The base portion 102 is preferably formed in a flat shape or a hill shape. By forming in this way, it is possible to form the upwelling flow generating structure in a desired shape as described later without stacking the fish reef part 104 itself in multiple layers. In the case where the seabed topography itself is an ideal topography, the formation of such a base portion 102 can be omitted exceptionally.

Examples of materials that can be employed as the foundation construction material 106 include natural stone, concrete waste, and concrete blocks. In particular, it is preferable to use a concrete block containing industrial waste and by-products such as coal ash (fly ash, clinker ash) and molten slag from the viewpoint of cost and resource recycling. Furthermore, it is preferable that the ratio of the actual volume to the spatial volume of the foundation building material 106 is 60% and the unit volume weight is 1.3 t / m ³ or more. Thereby, collapse due to tidal current can be prevented.

  The fish reef part 104 is installed on the upper part of the foundation part 102. The fish reef portion 104 is formed by stacking the fish reef units 108 as constituent members. As the fish reef unit 108, for example, a direction fish reef having a frame structure 110 made of reinforced concrete as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 can be used. In addition, other commercially available products such as a fish reef unit composed of a substantially conical steel frame, a fish reef unit composed of a substantially pyramidal reinforced concrete frame, and a fish reef unit composed of a substantially house-shaped steel reinforced concrete can also be used. That is, it is preferable to have a collection effect and have an actual volume occupying 5 to 30% of the space volume. In addition, the fish reef unit 108 can be used alone or in combination of two or more types.

  The fish reef units 108 are preferably stacked in two or more stages. This is more preferable than constructing the fish reef portion 104 by stacking only one stage of the fish reef units 108 exceeding 5 m on the base portion 102. It is because it is excellent in terms of upwelling flow generation efficiency and collection effect. In particular, it is preferable that the concrete fish reef units 108 each having a side of 1 to 5 m having the shape shown in FIG. Similarly, it is because it is excellent in terms of upwelling flow generation efficiency and collection effect. In addition, it is preferable from the viewpoint of the collection effect that the ratio of the actual volume to the total spatial volume of the fish reef portion 104 is 40% or less, and further 30% or less.

  Examples of the material constituting the fish reef unit 108 include steel and other metals, concrete, wood, rope, synthetic resin, and stone. These materials can be used alone or in combination of two or more. In general, in consideration of durability and production convenience, reinforced concrete, steel material, or a combination thereof is used.

  When employing concrete, it is particularly preferable to use concrete containing industrial waste and by-products such as coal ash (fly ash, clinker ash) and molten slag from the viewpoint of cost and resource recycling. Further, the uppermost part of the fish reef part 104 is preferably set to a depth of 50 m or less, particularly in the sea near Japan, within 30 m. This is because in addition to the collection effect, a proliferation effect is also expected.

  Furthermore, in the embodiment of FIG. 1, scattering prevention means 114 of the fish reef portion 104 is provided as the collapse prevention means. The scattering prevention means 114 is preferably constructed so as to surround the periphery of the fish reef portion 104 using a commercially available fish reef unit similar to the fish reef unit 108. The scattering prevention means 114 has a function of preventing the fish reef unit 108 from scattering. The scattering prevention means 114 is preferably constructed using a unit having a larger mass per unit than the fish reef unit 108. This is to effectively suppress scattering. Even if a part of the fish reef portion 104 collapses due to the tidal current, the scattering prevention means 114 prevents the collapse from spreading to the surroundings. Thereby, the generation effect of the upwelling flow can be maintained.

  In addition, this scattering prevention means 114 is good also as utilizing the moderate convex topography formed naturally. That is, the installation can be omitted for a portion where the reef unit 108 can be determined to be difficult to scatter due to the direction of the tide or the inclination of the terrain. It is preferable from the viewpoint of the collection effect that the scattering prevention means 114 is installed or formed with its constituent units separated by an interval of 5 m or less. Further, it is preferable that the scattering prevention means 114 is installed or formed so as to be in contact with the fish reef part 104. But the distance with the fish reef part 104 should just be less than 10 m, and if it is less than 5 m, since the improvement of a gathering effect is seen, it is more preferable. As the scattering prevention means 114, for example, an assembled fish reef constructed by assembling a panel 112 having a window hole on a wall surface as shown in FIGS. A fish reef as shown in FIG. 6 may also be used. The scattering prevention means 114 includes an outer frame 122. The panel 124 is supported by the outer frame 122. The panel 124 crosses in a cross shape when seen in a plan view. In addition, when installing a concrete block, a commercially available fish reef unit, etc. as a structural unit of the scattering prevention means 114, it is suitable that the one side is less than 10 m. If it exceeds 10 m, a large crane is required, and it becomes easy to be affected by the tidal current at the time of installation, and the workability is deteriorated.

  In the present embodiment, a slope plate 116 is further formed as a slope portion so as to surround the outside of the scattering prevention means 114. The slope plate 116 functions as a fish net hook preventing means. That is, this slope board 116 is for making it difficult for the fishnet of a trawler to catch on the upwelling flow generation structure 100 and the scattering prevention means 114, for example.

  The slope plate 116 preferably has an elevation angle A of 10 to 80 degrees, more preferably 30 to 60 degrees. When the elevation angle A of the slope plate 116 is less than 10 degrees, the size of the slope plate 116 becomes larger than necessary. Moreover, since it is 30 degrees or more, since the magnitude | size of the slope board 116 can be made small, it is suitable from a viewpoint of workability | operativity of the production and installation of the slope board 116, and cost. If the elevation angle exceeds 80 degrees, the effect of the slope plate 116 cannot be expected. In any case, it is necessary that the height of the upwelling flow generating structure be limited to a height equal to or less than the extended surface of the inclined plate of the slope plate 116.

  The slope plate 116 is designed in consideration of the seafloor topography, and concrete, stone, metal, wood, synthetic resin, or a combination of these is prepared in advance at the factory, and the elevation angle is based on the plan at the installation location. It is preferable that the components are assembled. From the viewpoint of ease of manufacture and the viewpoint of durability, it is more preferable to use a concrete, a steel material, or a member combining these. Alternatively, the slope plate 116 may be produced by placing concrete on the seabed at the installation location so as to have a predetermined shape.

  As a whole form of the upwelling flow generating structure 100 itself, various forms such as a cone, a V shape when viewed from above, a W shape when viewed from above, a square shape, and the like can be used. Can be adopted. Moreover, it is good also as installing the some upwelling flow generation | occurrence | production structure 100 in an installation place.

  Next, an embodiment of the construction method of the upwelling flow generating structure according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. For example, a net is employed as a means for preventing collapse, the foundation construction material 106 is wrapped with the net, and the foundation construction material 106 is suspended to the seabed together with the net to construct the foundation 102. Subsequently, the fish reef unit 108 that is a constituent member of the fish reef portion 104 is suspended on the foundation portion 102 to construct the fish reef portion 104. Here, it is preferable to construct the foundation part with the foundation construction material 106 still in the net. This is because this net serves as a connector and functions as a means for preventing collapse after construction.

  The upwelling flow generating structure can be prevented from collapsing by connecting its constituent elements using such nets, wire ropes and the like. That is, in constructing the upwelling flow generating structure according to the present invention, the coupling tool between the foundation construction materials 106, the coupling tool between the fish reef units (components) 108 of the fish reef part 104, and the foundation construction material 106 and the above A connection tool selected from the connection tools with the fish reef unit 108 is employed to improve workability and prevent the structure after the construction from collapsing.

  FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view for explaining another embodiment of the upwelling flow generating structure according to the present invention. In this embodiment, since the seabed 120 is substantially hill-shaped, the layer of the foundation construction material 106 is thin. Other configurations are the same as those described in the embodiment of FIG.

  FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view illustrating still another embodiment of the upwelling flow generating structure according to the present invention. In this embodiment, although the sea floor 130 has an ideal hill shape, a case where a depression 132 is present at the center is described. The foundation construction material 106 is applied only to the depression 132. Other configurations are the same as those described in the embodiment of FIG.

Other Embodiments Although the upwelling flow generating structure according to the present invention has been described with respect to the above-described embodiments, the present invention is not limited to such embodiments and is obvious to those skilled in the art. All modifications, changes, and additions are included in the technical scope of the present invention.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 100 Upwelling generation structure 102 Foundation part 104 Fish reef part 106 Foundation construction material 108 Fish reef unit 110 Frame structure 112 Panel 114 Scattering prevention means 116 Slope board 120 Sea bottom 130 Sea bottom 132 Dimple

Claims (4)

It comprises a foundation constructed from foundation construction material and a fish reef part installed on the upper part of the foundation part, and comprises a collapse prevention means, and the collapse prevention means is a scattering prevention means for the fish reef part, and the scattering prevention means An upwelling flow generating structure constructed by installing or forming the fish reef units at intervals of 5 m or less so as to surround the fish reef part using a commercially available fish reef unit . The reef units, upwelling generation structure of claim 1, characterized in that constructed by concrete reef unit. The upwelling flow generating structure according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein a fish net catch preventing means is provided in the splash preventing means of the fish reef part. 4. The upwelling flow generating structure according to claim 3 , wherein the fish net hook preventing means is formed as a slope portion provided outside the fish reef portion scattering preventing means.

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