JP4943778B2 - Upset molding equipment - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an upset molding apparatus that compresses a metal rod-shaped material in the axial direction while heating between electrodes.

  Conventionally, engine valves have been used as engine components. This engine valve is composed of a bulging portion whose one end is formed in an umbrella shape and a shaft portion formed integrally with the bulging portion.

  For example, Patent Document 1 discloses an electric upsetter in which a heating power source device that energizes and heats a rod-shaped material disposed between electrodes in order to shorten the time required for upsetting in a subsequent process is a DC inverter heating method. Has been.

  Here, an outline of the manufacturing process of the engine valve will be described. First, an upset molding in which a metal rod-shaped material cut into a predetermined length by a cutter mechanism (not shown) is energized and heated between electrodes so that one end of the rod-shaped material is pressurized and has a substantially spherical heating portion. The body is obtained. A press process is performed on the heating portion of the upset molded body via a press device, a predetermined heat treatment is performed on the pressed molded body, and then a polishing process is performed to complete the engine valve.

JP 2004-160517 A

  By the way, the specific site | part with which the contact site | part of the electrode (forging table) which presses the said one end part by contacting with the one end part of the rod-shaped raw material which swells by energizing heating between electrodes and becomes a substantially spherical heating part was limited. Therefore, there is a problem that the durability of the forge table is deteriorated.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 8, after forming one end portion of one bar-shaped material 1 into a substantially spherical shape to form a heating unit 2, a forging table 3 made of a cylindrical body having a circular cross section is illustrated. When the upset molding is performed by slightly rotating by a predetermined angle by a non-feeding device, that is, when the forging table 3 is rotated in a predetermined direction at several pitches every time one rod-shaped material 1 is processed. Even if it exists, the contact site | part of the bottom face 4 of the forge stand 3 which contacts the one end part of the said rod-shaped raw material 1 is pinpointed to the single annular belt | band | zone 5 which consists of predetermined width.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and an object thereof is to provide an upset molding apparatus capable of improving the durability of a forging table that pressurizes one end of a rod-shaped material by a simple method. And

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention comprises a housing provided so as to be movable up and down,
A substantially disc-shaped receiver coupled to the housing;
A forge table that is pivotally supported along the circumferential direction of the receiver and is provided so as to be movable up and down in contact with one end of a rod-shaped material that is a molding material;
A feed mechanism for rotating the forge table by a predetermined angle about an axis as a rotation axis;
A pressing mechanism that contacts the other end of the bar material and presses the bar material;
An electrode for heating the rod-shaped material by energization;
With
The center O1 of the metal receiver is fixed to the housing;
In the virtual straight line A connecting the axial center O3 of the the center O1 and the鍛縮stand axis O2 rod-like Material in said socket member, respectively, of the鍛縮stand against center O1 within said socket member a first eccentric mounting position where the axis O2 is eccentric by a predetermined distance on one, on the imaginary straight line a, by a predetermined distance axis O2 is in the other of said鍛縮stand against center O1 within said socket member eccentric The second eccentric mounting position is provided to be mutually changeable.

  According to the present invention, first, the rod-shaped material is heated by energizing the electrode in a state where one end of the rod-shaped material is in contact with the forging table and the other end is pressed by the pressing mechanism. An upset molded body having a heating portion in which one end of the rod-shaped material bulges outward in the radius is obtained. In this way, each time the upset molding is performed on one bar-shaped material, the forging table is rotated by a predetermined angle via the feed mechanism to change the contact portion of the bar-shaped material with the forging table. Upset molding is performed.

In this case, in the present invention, on the virtual straight line A, a first eccentric mounting position axis O2 of鍛縮stand against center O1 in the socket member is decentered by a predetermined distance on one, on the imaginary straight line A , since the second eccentric mounting position axis O2 of the鍛縮stand against center O1 is offset to the other by a predetermined distance in said socket member is provided so as to be changed to each other, for example, advance the first After the predetermined time has elapsed, the mounting position relationship between the metal receiver and the forging table set at the eccentric mounting position (or the second eccentric mounting position) is easily changed to the second eccentric mounting position (or the first eccentric mounting position). Can be changed.

  For example, at the first eccentric mounting position, the contact locus with one end portion of the rod-shaped material is a small-diameter annular band on the bottom surface of the forge table, whereas at the second eccentric mounting position, one end portion of the rod-shaped material is The contact locus becomes a large-diameter annular band on the bottom surface of the dressing table, and can be a different contact site with respect to the rod-shaped material.

  Therefore, in the present invention, by effectively utilizing the pressing surface of the dressing table that pressurizes one end of the rod-shaped material, the number of upset molded bodies produced by one dressing table is increased, and The service life of the stand can be extended.

In the case of the has changed the mounting position of the socket member and鍛縮base but, given the virtual straight line A, the axis O2 is one鍛縮stand against center O1 in the socket member first and bushes and鍛縮stand set in the first eccentric mounting position where the distance was just eccentric, on the imaginary straight line a, the axis O2 of鍛縮stand against center O1 in the socket member is on the other A second receiving plate and a forging table that are set at a second eccentric mounting position that is eccentric by a predetermined distance are provided separately, and the first receiving plate and the forging table and the second receiving plate and the forging table are provided. The table may be provided so as to be interchangeable.

  Furthermore, a first line constituted by a plurality of first upset forming devices having a first metal receiving and forging table set at the first eccentric mounting position, and a first line set at the second eccentric mounting position. And a second line constituted by a plurality of second upset molding devices having a second receiving and forging table, and after a predetermined period of time, the first receiving and the forging table of the first line. The first eccentric mounting position and the second eccentric mounting position of the second receiving plate and the forging table according to the second line are mutually changed, or the first receiving plate and the forging table according to the first line. Can be used separately on the inner side and the outer side of the pressurizing surface of the forge table, by exchanging the second receiving plate and the forge table for the second line with each other. Double the service life of the dressing table in combination with two lines of lines It can be.

In the context of the mounting positions of the socket member and鍛縮base coupled to the housing, the shaft center O2 of鍛縮stand against center O1 in the socket member comprises a first eccentric mounting position eccentric by a predetermined distance on one By providing the second eccentric mounting position eccentric to the other by a predetermined distance so as to be mutually changeable, the pressing surface of the forging table that presses one end of the rod-shaped material is different, and the durability of the forging table is simplified. Can be improved by various methods. As a result, by effectively utilizing the pressing surface of the forging table that pressurizes one end of the rod-shaped material, the number of upset molded bodies produced by one forging table is increased, and the durability of the forging table is increased. Can be improved.

  A preferred embodiment of the upset molding apparatus according to the present invention will be described below and described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  In FIG. 1, reference numeral 10 indicates an upset molding apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

  The upset molding apparatus 10 is connected to a lifting unit (not shown) and is displaced in the vertical direction integrally with the lifting unit under the driving action of a lifting means (not shown), and is connected to the lower side of the housing 12. Insulating plate 14 and connecting block 16, a substantially disc-shaped receiver 18 connected to the lower side of the connecting block 16 via a screw member (not shown), and a lower side of the receiver 18 along the circumferential direction. And a forging table 22 that is in contact with the upper end of the rod-shaped material 20 that is a molding material and that can be moved up and down along an up-and-down direction via a lifting means (not shown). And a feed mechanism 24 that rotates the forge table 22 by a predetermined angle as a rotation axis.

  The upset molding apparatus 10 is provided with a piston rod (pressing mechanism) 26 that is fixed to a lower unit (not shown) and abuts the lower end portion of the rod-shaped material 20 to press the rod-shaped material 20 upward. A pressing cylinder (not shown), a clamp cylinder (not shown) provided with a pair of arms 28a and 28b for holding the rod-like material 20, and a pair of arms 28a and 28b are provided on the pair of arms 28a and 28b. And a pair of electrodes 30a and 30b for heating.

  The forge table 22 is formed of a substantially cylindrical body, and a stepped hole 32 penetrating along the axial direction is formed at the center thereof. An annular groove 34 is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the forge table 22 so as to extend over the entire circumference. The forge table 22 is detachably connected to a disk-shaped metal receiver 18 via a mounting bolt (not shown) inserted into the stepped hole 32.

  In this case, the stepped hole portion 32 has an effect of radiating heat from the forge table 22, and the durability of the forge table 22 can be improved by controlling the temperature of the forge table 22. The mounting bolt is provided with a heat-resistant bearing member (not shown) for pivotally supporting the forge table 22 in a rotatable manner.

  The feed mechanism 24 is pivotally attached to a pair of guide rods 38a and 38b supported by the housing 12 via a spring member 36, and lower ends of the pair of guide rods 38a and 38b, respectively. The arcuate portion 40 is engaged with the annular groove 34 of the table 22, so that the guide plate 42 a and 42 b for guiding the forge table 22 along the circumferential direction and the outer surface of the forge table 22 are fitted. A piston rod provided with a ratchet 46 having a ring-shaped ring body and a serrated tooth portion 44 formed on the peripheral edge thereof, and a locking claw 48 having an acute cross section engaging with the tooth portion 44 of the ratchet 46 at the tip portion 50, and a feed cylinder 52 that rotates the forge table 22 by a predetermined angle along the direction of the arrow by moving the piston rod 50 back and forth.

In this case, as shown in FIG. 5A, the shaft center (center) O1 of the metal receiver 18 formed in a disc shape and the shaft center O2 of the forge table 22 made of a cylindrical body are the above-described shaft center O1 and the above-mentioned shaft center O1. On the virtual straight line A that connects the axis O2 and the axis O3 of the rod-shaped material 20 that is the workpiece, the axes O2 and E2 are connected in a state of being eccentric by a predetermined distance X1. The virtual straight line B indicates a virtual line that passes through the axis O1 of the receiver 18 and is orthogonal to the virtual straight line A.

  In other words, on the virtual straight line A that connects the axis O1, the axis O2, and the axis O3 of the rod-shaped material 20 that is the workpiece, the axis O2 of the forge table 22 is the axis O1 of the receiver 18. Is located at a position eccentric by a predetermined distance X1 from the rod-shaped material 20 toward the axis O3 side (upper side in FIG. 5A). Hereinafter, such a position state is referred to as a first eccentric mounting position.

  4A and 4B show a comparative example (reference example) in which the axis O1 of the receiver 18 and the axis O2 of the forge table 22 are matched, and FIGS. 4A and 4B. By comparing and comparing the comparative example shown in FIG. 5 and the first eccentric mounting position shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B, the eccentric state related to the first eccentric mounting position will be easily understood.

  The upset molding apparatus 10 according to the embodiment of the present invention is basically configured as described above. Next, the operation, function, and effect thereof will be described.

  First, a metal rod-shaped material 20 as a molding material is set between a piston rod 26 of a pressing cylinder and a forging table 22, and then a pair of arms 28a and 28b are moved under a driving action of a clamp cylinder (not shown). The pair of electrodes 30a and 30b respectively provided on the pair of arms 28a and 28b are clamped in contact with the rod-shaped material 20 (see FIGS. 3A to 3C). At that time, after the forge table 22 is lowered to a predetermined position via a lifting means (not shown), it is stopped at a predetermined position to be in a fixed state, and the bottom surface 22a of the forge table 22 contacts the upper end of the rod-shaped material 20. It will be in the state.

  In a state where the rod-shaped material 20 is clamped, the rod-shaped material 20 is heated by energizing a pair of electrodes 30a and 30b via a power supply means (not shown), and the piston rod is driven under the driving action of the pressing cylinder. 26 is raised and the bar-shaped material 20 is pressed upward (see FIG. 3D).

  Accordingly, the upper end portion of the rod-shaped material 20 that abuts against the bottom surface 22a of the forge table 22 expands under the energization heating action by the pair of electrodes 30a and 30b and the pressing action by the pressing cylinder, and the substantially spherical heating part. 20a is formed. After the desired shape of the substantially spherical heating part 20a having a planar depression is formed by the bottom surface 22a of the forge table 22, the energization to the electrodes 30a and 30b is stopped, and a clamp cylinder (not shown) is driven. By separating the arms 28a and 28b from the rod-shaped material 20 (see FIG. 3E), the upset molded body (see FIG. 3F) is accommodated in a container (not shown).

  After one upset molded body is completed, the feed cylinder 52 is driven to elongate the piston rod 50, and the locking claw 48 connected to the tip of the piston rod 50 is fitted to the outer peripheral surface of the forging table 22. By engaging with the tooth portion 44 of the worn ratchet 46, the forge table 22 rotates in the direction of arrow C by a predetermined angle (for example, 3 degrees) with the axis O2 as the center of rotation (see FIG. 2). ).

  Next, after the rod-shaped material 20 to be upset formed is set in the same manner as described above to obtain the upset molded body as described above, the forging table 22 is moved by the arrow C by a predetermined angle under the driving action of the feed cylinder 52. The forging table is rotated by a predetermined angle along the circumferential direction every time the rod-shaped material 20 is processed. For example, when the predetermined angle is set to 3 degrees, 120 upset molded bodies are obtained by one rotation of the forge table 22.

  The upset molded body is press-molded by a mold apparatus (not shown), and then an engine valve (not shown) as a product is obtained through a finishing process such as polishing.

  After a predetermined period of time has elapsed using the upset molding apparatus 10, a mounting screw (not shown) is loosened to remove the receiver 18 and the forging table 22, and the eccentric mounting position of the forging table 22 with respect to the receiving 18 is set to the first position. The first eccentric mounting position (see FIGS. 5A and 5B) is changed to the second eccentric mounting position (see FIGS. 6A and 6B).

  That is, in the conventional first eccentric mounting position shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B, virtual straight lines A respectively connecting the axis O1 of the receiver 18, the axis O2 of the forge table 22, and the axis O3 of the rod-shaped material 20. Above, the axial center O2 of the forge table 22 is decentered by a predetermined distance X1 from the axial center O1 of the receiver 18 toward the axial center O3 side of the rod-shaped material 20 (the axial center O2 is the axis on the virtual straight line A). 6A and 6B, the axis O2 of the forge table 22 on the virtual straight line A is opposite to the above, as shown in FIGS. 6A and 6B. A second eccentric mounting position (axial center O2 on the imaginary straight line A) which is a position eccentric from the axial center O1 of the receiver 18 by a predetermined distance X2 in the direction toward the side (the direction away from the axial center O3 of the rod-shaped material 20). Is located on the lower side of the axis O1).

  As described above, after the forging table 22 is attached in a state in which it is deviated by the same distance (X1 = X2) in the opposite direction to the above on the virtual straight line A with respect to the metal receiver 18, The upset molding is performed in the same manner by mounting the metal receiver 18 and the forging table 22 changed to the second eccentric mounting position.

  In addition, the change of the eccentric mounting position of the dressing table 22 with respect to the metal receiver 18 is easily performed by, for example, attaching / detaching a mounting screw or the like (not shown). Moreover, the position where the rod-shaped raw material 20 which is a workpiece | work is set is constant and is not changed.

  In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 7, the contact locus of the forging table 22 that contacts the upper end portion of the rod-shaped material 20 at the first eccentric mounting position of the forging table 22 with respect to the metal receiver 18 is an annular shape having a small diameter. At the second eccentric mounting position where the band E1 (see solid line) is subsequently changed and the eccentric position is changed, an annular band E2 (two points) in which the contact trajectory of the forging table 22 contacting the upper end of the rod-shaped material 20 is large in diameter. (See chain line).

  In this way, the contact portion that comes into contact with the rod-shaped material 20 just by decentering the mounting position of the dressing table 22 with respect to the metal receiver 18 in the vertical direction along the virtual straight line A has a large diameter and the same bottom surface 22a of the dressing table 22. By using the small-diameter double annular bands E1 and E2, the service life is doubled compared to the conventional one, and the durability can be improved and the manufacturing cost can be suppressed.

  In other words, the bottom surface 22a of the forge table 22 is effectively utilized by changing the portion where the upper end of the bar-shaped material 20 contacts by a simple method of changing the eccentric mounting position of the forge table 22 with respect to the metal receiver 18. The service life of the dressing table 22 can be increased.

  In the present embodiment, the case where the first eccentric mounting position is changed to the second eccentric mounting position is described. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the second eccentric mounting position is changed from the first eccentric mounting position to the first eccentric mounting position. You may make it change to an attachment position.

  In the present embodiment, the case where the eccentric mounting position of the forge table 22 with respect to the metal receiver 18 is changed in the single upset molding apparatus 10 is described, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the same structure is used. Between the pair of upset forming apparatuses having the above, the metal receiver 18 and the forging table 22 attached at the first eccentric mounting position and the metal receiver 18 and the forging table 22 attached at the second eccentric mounting position are alternately exchanged. You may make it do.

  For example, the metal receiver 18 and the forging table 22 in the first upset molding apparatus 10a are set to the first eccentric mounting position, while the metal receiver 18 and the forging table 22 in the second upset molding apparatus 10b are set to the second eccentric mounting position. And after a predetermined period of time, the first upset molding apparatus is configured to connect the receiver 18 and the forging table 22 according to the first eccentric mounting position and the receiver 18 and the forging table 22 according to the second eccentric mounting position. 10a and the second upset molding apparatus 10b may be provided so as to be interchangeable with each other. Of course, the replacement work in this case is also easily performed.

  Further, in the present embodiment, the description is based on the first eccentric mounting position and the second eccentric mounting position, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the axis of the forge table 22 relative to the axis O1 of the receiver 18 is not limited thereto. By appropriately selecting the eccentric direction and the separation distance of the center O2, for example, the nth eccentric mounting position such as the third eccentric mounting position can be set, and the durability of the forging table 22 can be further improved. it can.

  Furthermore, in the present embodiment, the first line is constituted by the plurality of first upset molding devices 10a having the first receiver 18 and the forging table 22 set at the first eccentric mounting position, The second line may be constituted by a plurality of second upset molding devices 10b having the second metal receiver 18 and the forging table 22 set at the two eccentric mounting positions.

  In this case, after elapse of a predetermined period, the first eccentric mounting position of the first receiver 18 and the forge table 22 according to the first line and the second receiver 18 and the forge table 22 according to the second line. The second eccentric mounting position is mutually changed, or the first receiver 18 and the dressing table 22 according to the first line and the second receiver 18 and the dressing table 22 according to the second line, Can be used separately on the inner side and the outer side of the pressurization surface of the dressing table 22, and can be used together in two rows of lines including the first line and the second line. As a result, in the present embodiment, the service life of the dressing table 22 can be doubled.

  Furthermore, in the present embodiment, the explanation is based on upset molding used for upsetting, which is a pre-process of forging press processing for forming an umbrella part of an engine valve for an automobile, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, as a pre-process for forging press or cutting of automotive transmission components such as a propeller shaft, a rear axle shaft, a main drive gear, and a gear with a shaft, the tip of the metal rod-shaped material has a predetermined size. You may apply in order to shape | mold a radial outward direction bulging part.

It is a partial cross section schematic structure figure of the upset molding device concerning an embodiment of the invention. FIG. 2 is an arrow view of the feed mechanism as viewed from the direction of arrow Z in FIG. 1. 3A to 3F are explanatory views showing a process in which upset molding is performed on the rod-shaped material. FIG. 4A is a side view of a comparative example in which the axis of the receiving plate and the axis of the forging table are matched, and FIG. 4B is a rod-shaped material in a state where the axis of the receiving plate and the axis of the forging table are matched. It is a side view of the comparative example which shows the contact locus | trajectory with the bottom face of a forge stand. FIG. 5A is a side view showing a first eccentric mounting position in which the shaft center of the forging table is eccentric to the upper side with respect to the shaft center of the receiver in the upset molding apparatus according to the present embodiment, and FIG. It is a side view which shows the contact locus | trajectory with the rod-shaped raw material in the 1st eccentric attachment position, and the bottom face of a forge stand. FIG. 6A is a side view showing a second eccentric mounting position in which the shaft center of the forging table is eccentric to the lower side with respect to the shaft center of the receiver in the upset molding apparatus according to the present embodiment, and FIG. It is a side view which shows the contact locus | trajectory with the rod-shaped raw material in the 2nd eccentric attachment position, and the bottom face of a forge stand. In the upset molding apparatus concerning this embodiment, it is explanatory drawing which shows the double annular belt which is a contact locus of the rod-shaped material and the forge stand in the case of the 1st eccentric mounting position and the 2nd eccentric mounting position. is there. It is explanatory drawing which shows the single cyclic | annular strip | belt which is a contact locus | trajectory with a rod-shaped raw material and a forge stand in the upset shaping | molding apparatus in a prior art.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10, 10a, 10b ... Upset molding apparatus 12 ... Housing 14 ... Insulating plate 18 ... Receipt 20 ... Rod-shaped material 22 ... Stretching table 24 ... Feed mechanism 26, 50 ... Piston rod 28a, 28b ... Arm 30a, 30b ... Electrode 32 ... Hole 34 ... Annular groove 36 ... Spring members 38a, 38b ... Guide rod 40 ... Arc part 42a, 42b ... Guide plate 44 ... Tooth part 46 ... Ratchet 48 ... Locking claw 52 ... Feed cylinder O1, O2, O3 ... Shaft Heart E1, E2 ... Annular belt

Claims (3)

A housing that is freely movable up and down;
A substantially disc-shaped receiver coupled to the housing;
A forge table that is pivotally supported along the circumferential direction of the receiver and is provided so as to be movable up and down in contact with one end of a rod-shaped material that is a molding material;
A feed mechanism for rotating the forge table by a predetermined angle about an axis as a rotation axis;
A pressing mechanism that contacts the other end of the bar material and presses the bar material;
An electrode for heating the rod-shaped material by energization;
With
The center O1 of the metal receiver is fixed to the housing;
In the virtual straight line A connecting the axial center O3 of the the center O1 and the鍛縮stand axis O2 rod-like Material in said socket member, respectively, of the鍛縮stand against center O1 within said socket member a first eccentric mounting position where the axis O2 is eccentric by a predetermined distance on one, on the imaginary straight line a, by a predetermined distance axis O2 is in the other of said鍛縮stand against center O1 within said socket member eccentric The upset molding apparatus, wherein the second eccentric mounting position is provided to be mutually changeable. The apparatus of claim 1.
In the virtual straight line A, the first and the receiving metal and鍛縮stand鍛縮stand axis O2 is set to a first eccentric mounting position eccentric by a predetermined distance in one respect center O1 in the bushes, on said imaginary straight line a, and the second socket member and鍛縮stand axis O2 of鍛縮stand against center O1 in the socket member is set to the second eccentric mounting position eccentric to the other by a predetermined distance The upset molding apparatus is characterized in that the first metal receiving / retracting table and the second metal receiving / reducing table are provided interchangeably. The apparatus of claim 2.
A first line constituted by a plurality of first upset forming devices having a first metal receiving and forging table set at the first eccentric mounting position, and a second line set at the second eccentric mounting position. An upset molding apparatus, comprising: a second line configured by a plurality of second upset molding apparatuses having a metal receiving and forging table.

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