Automobile hub, machining device and machining process
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of automobile parts, and particularly relates to an automobile hub, a machining device and a machining process.
Background
The automobile hub mainly serves as a supporting function of a tire, the hub of an automobile in large-scale engineering operation is required to bear huge torsion in the past and the past, the existing hub usually adopts an integrated casting forming process, the integrated hub structure has the characteristic of relatively complex structure, the hub with the integrated casting complex structure has the defect of low consistency in the torque resistance, and the requirement on the torque resistance of the hub in the field of common cars is not high in the field of large-scale engineering operation automobiles, so that the integrated hub is commonly used in the common cars, and the defect of the integrated hub in the field of large-scale engineering locomotives is highlighted.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: in order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a split type automobile hub, a machining device and a process thereof.
The technical scheme is as follows: in order to achieve the purpose, the automobile hub machining device comprises a wire cutting device, wherein the wire cutting device comprises a working platform, a horizontal sliding groove is formed in the working platform, a sliding block is arranged in the sliding groove in a sliding mode, a supporting vertical rotating shaft is further arranged, and the lower end of the vertical rotating shaft is rotatably arranged on the sliding block; the top of the vertical rotating shaft is fixedly supported and connected with a linear cutting platform in a horizontal posture; the contour of the linear cutting platform is a gear contour, and the gear contour of the linear cutting platform is consistent with the contour of the outer ring of the rim disc after the linear cutting is finished; a plurality of limiting columns are vertically arranged on the upper surface of the linear cutting platform and are distributed in a circumferential array;
a linear motor seat is further arranged on one side of the working platform, a horizontal linear motor is fixedly mounted on the linear motor seat, the axis of a linear push rod of the linear motor is parallel to the extending direction of the sliding groove, a gear seat is arranged at the tail end of the linear push rod of the linear motor, a driving gear is rotatably mounted on the gear seat, the driving gear is meshed with the gear profile of the linear cutting platform, and the driving gear drives the linear cutting platform to horizontally rotate along the vertical rotating shaft; the gear seat is also provided with a gear motor, and the gear motor is in driving connection with the driving gear;
the axis of the linear push rod passes through the centers of the driving gear and the linear cutting platform simultaneously; an elastic part is arranged on one side of the sliding block, which is far away from the linear motor, and the sliding block is enabled to move close to the linear motor gradually by the elastic part in a free state;
an electric spark cutting line is vertically arranged on one side, far away from the driving gear, of the wire cutting platform; the axial extension line of the linear push rod is perpendicular to and intersects with the electric spark cutting line.
Further, a processing technology of the automobile hub processing device is characterized in that: the wire cutting wheel rim comprises a wheel rim disc to be subjected to wire cutting, wherein a plurality of end cover flange mounting holes are formed in the periphery of a wheel hub shaft hole in the center of the wheel rim disc to be subjected to wire cutting; performing linear cutting on the circular outline of the wheel rim disc to be subjected to linear cutting by adopting linear cutting equipment, and forming the wheel rim disc to be subjected to the linear cutting process; a circle of outer tooth bodies distributed in a circumferential array are formed on the outer ring profile of the rim plate;
the wire cutting process comprises the following steps:
a preparation stage: firstly, coaxially placing a wheel rim disc to be subjected to linear cutting on a table top on the upper surface of a working platform, and respectively and correspondingly sliding a plurality of limiting columns through a plurality of end cover flange mounting holes on the wheel rim disc to be subjected to linear cutting; at the moment, the synchronization of the wheel disc to be subjected to linear cutting and the linear cutting platform is realized; starting the wire cutting equipment to enable the electric spark cutting wire to be in a power-on state; meanwhile, starting a linear motor, driving a linear push rod to slowly extend outwards, further enabling a driving gear to push a wire cutting platform to move gradually close to an electric spark cutting line until the electric spark cutting line contacts the outline edge of a wheel ring disc to be cut on the wire cutting platform, starting a cooling liquid device and continuously supplying cutting liquid to the electric spark cutting line;
and (3) cutting: the driving gear motor drives the linear cutting platform and the rim disc to be subjected to linear cutting to gradually rotate in the same direction; meanwhile, the linear motor drives the linear push rod to reciprocate back and forth; the wire cutting platform rotates and reciprocates along the extension direction of the sliding groove, the comprehensive motion effect of the wire cutting platform enables the electric spark cutting wire to perform cutting motion for cutting the gear outline relative to the wheel rim disc to be subjected to wire cutting, and the process of cutting the wheel rim disc to be subjected to wire cutting by the electric spark cutting wire is finished after the wire cutting platform completes one complete rotation, so that finished products of a waste outer ring and a wheel rim disc are formed;
and (4) finishing the inspection stage: and taking down the waste outer ring, then keeping the finished product of the rim plate on the linear cutting platform, then comparing the outer tooth body on the outer ring outline of the finished product of the rim plate with the gear outline of the linear cutting platform, and if the contact ratio of the outer tooth body on the outer ring outline of the finished product of the rim plate and the gear outline of the linear cutting platform reaches the preset requirement, the process for linear cutting is qualified.
Furthermore, a plurality of hollow holes are formed in the disc surface of the rim disc in a circumferential array; the wheel rim is of an annular rotary body structure, a left inner ring and a right inner ring are integrally and coaxially arranged on two sides of a rotary body inner ring of the wheel rim, and a circle of inner tooth bodies are circumferentially distributed on the outline of one end, close to the left inner ring, of the rotary body inner ring of the wheel rim in an array manner; the outer tooth bodies on the rim disc are meshed with the inner tooth bodies on the inner ring of the rim; the disc surface of the rim disc is provided with a plurality of hollow holes in a circumferential array; the edge of the disc surface outline of the wheel rim disc is provided with a plurality of wheel rim fixing flange holes in a hollow manner in a circumferential array;
a plurality of left bolt through holes are formed in the left inner ring in a circumferential array, and a plurality of right bolt through holes are distributed in the right inner ring in a circumferential array; each rim fixing flange hole, the left bolt through hole and the right bolt through hole correspond to each other;
the locking bolt comprises a threaded head, a polished rod section and a threaded section in sequence along the length direction, the outer diameter of the threaded section is smaller than that of the polished rod section, and an annular shaft shoulder is formed at the joint of the threaded section and the polished rod section; the polished rod section correspondingly penetrates through the right bolt through hole, the outer diameter of the polished rod section is the same as the inner diameter of the right bolt through hole, the threaded section penetrates through the corresponding left bolt through hole and the corresponding rim fixing flange hole, and the inner diameters of the left bolt through hole and the rim fixing flange hole are both larger than the outer diameter of the threaded section; the tail end of the thread section is also provided with a locking nut in a locking manner, and an annular nut washer is clamped between the locking nut and the wheel ring disc;
an annular spring gap is formed between the outer wall of the threaded section and the inner wall of the corresponding left bolt through hole and the inner wall of the rim fixing flange hole, a locking spring is arranged between the annular spring gaps, the locking spring is sleeved on the threaded section, one end of the locking spring is pressed against the nut washer, and the other end of the locking spring is pressed against the annular shaft shoulder.
Has the advantages that: the wheel rim disc to be subjected to linear cutting is of a revolving body structure with a simple structure, the processes such as heat treatment and the like are simple, line cutting forming is carried out on the basis of the wheel rim disc to be subjected to linear cutting, cold machining is achieved, deformation of other parts cannot occur, machining precision is high, and the mechanical strength of the wheel rim disc material is not damaged in the technological process; the split hub structure of the invention has obvious technical progress, the two parts of the rim and the rim disc are combined to form the combined hub to replace the traditional integrated hub with a complex structure, the rim and the rim disc are both in a revolving body structure, the manufacturing process of the split blank is simpler than that of the traditional integrated complex hub, the rim and the rim disc adopt a mode that an outer tooth body on the rim disc is meshed with a plurality of tooth bodies on the rim, the torque transmission uniformity of the rim and the rim disc are greatly improved, the strength of the rim and the rim disc is close to the integrated hub structure in an ideal state, and the assembly process of the rim and the rim disc is simpler.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a wire-electrode cutting apparatus when a rim plate to be wire-electrode cut is not placed on a wire-electrode cutting platform;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a wire-cutting apparatus when a rim plate to be wire-cut is placed on a wire-cutting platform;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a wire cutting apparatus when a wire cutting wheel disc is completed by wire cutting;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a wire-electrode cutting apparatus after the outer ring of the scrap is separated from the finished rim plate;
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a hub assembly;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a hub disassembly configuration;
FIG. 7 is an axial view of the hub;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of FIG. 7 taken along line a;
FIG. 9 is a partial schematic view of FIG. 8;
FIG. 10 is a schematic sectional view of the rim;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the structure of the rim plate.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The automobile hub machining device shown in fig. 1 to 11 comprises a wire cutting device, wherein the wire cutting device comprises a working platform 86, a horizontal sliding groove 71 is formed in the working platform 86, a sliding block 76 is arranged in the sliding groove 71 in a sliding manner, the automobile hub machining device further comprises a supporting vertical rotating shaft 75, and the lower end of the vertical rotating shaft 75 is rotatably arranged on the sliding block 76; the top of the vertical rotating shaft 75 is fixedly supported and connected with a linear cutting platform 82 with a horizontal posture; the contour of the linear cutting platform 82 is a gear contour, and the gear contour of the linear cutting platform 82 is consistent with the contour of the outer ring of the rim disc 23 after the linear cutting is finished; a plurality of limiting columns 78 are vertically arranged on the upper surface of the linear cutting platform 82, and the limiting columns 78 are distributed in a circumferential array;
a linear motor seat 74 is further arranged on one side of the working platform 86, a horizontal linear motor 85 is fixedly mounted on the linear motor seat 74, the axis of a linear push rod 84 of the linear motor 85 is parallel to the extending direction of the sliding groove 71, a gear seat 83 is arranged at the tail end of the linear push rod 84 of the linear motor 85, a driving gear 73 is rotatably mounted on the gear seat 83, the driving gear 73 is meshed with the gear profile of the linear cutting platform 82, and the driving gear 73 drives the linear cutting platform 82 to horizontally rotate along the vertical rotating shaft 75; the gear seat 83 is also provided with a gear motor 72, and the gear motor 72 is in driving connection with the driving gear 73;
the axis of the linear push rod 84 passes through the centers of the driving gear 73 and the linear cutting platform 82 at the same time; an elastic part 77 is arranged on one side of the sliding block 76 away from the linear motor 85, and the sliding block 76 moves closer to the linear motor 85 gradually by the elastic part 77 in a free state;
an electric spark cutting line 79 is vertically arranged on one side, away from the driving gear 73, of the wire cutting platform 82; the axis extension of the linear push rod 84 is perpendicular to and intersects the spark cutting line 79.
The technical process and technical progress of the wire cutting processing are as follows:
as shown in fig. 1 to 4, the wire cutting wheel disc 81 comprises a disc structure, and a plurality of end cover flange mounting holes 48 are arranged around a hub axle hole 47 at the central part of the wire cutting wheel disc 81; performing linear cutting on the circular outline of the to-be-linearly-cut rim plate 81 by using linear cutting equipment, and forming a rim plate 23 after the to-be-linearly-cut rim plate 81 is subjected to a linear cutting process; a circle of external tooth bodies 50 distributed in a circumferential array are formed on the outer ring profile of the rim plate 23;
the wire cutting process comprises the following steps:
a preparation stage: firstly, coaxially placing a to-be-wire-cut rim plate 81 on the upper surface table of a working platform 86, and respectively and correspondingly sliding a plurality of limiting columns 78 to penetrate through a plurality of end cover flange mounting holes 48 on the to-be-wire-cut rim plate 81; at the moment, the synchronization of the wheel disc 81 to be subjected to linear cutting and the linear cutting platform 82 is realized; at this time, the wire cutting equipment is started to enable the electric spark cutting wire 79 to be in an electrified state; meanwhile, the linear motor 85 is started, the linear push rod 84 is driven to slowly extend outwards, and then the driving gear 73 pushes the wire cutting platform 82 to move gradually close to the electric spark cutting wire 79 until the electric spark cutting wire 79 contacts the contour edge of the to-be-wire-cut rim disc 81 on the wire cutting platform 82, and the cooling liquid device is started and supplies cutting liquid to the electric spark cutting wire 79 continuously;
and (3) cutting: the gear motor 72 is driven, so that the driving gear 73 drives the linear cutting platform 82 and the wheel ring disc 81 to be subjected to linear cutting to gradually rotate in the forward direction; meanwhile, the linear motor 85 drives the linear push rod 84 to reciprocate back and forth; further, the wire cutting platform 82 performs reciprocating motion along the extending direction of the sliding groove 71 while performing rotary motion, the comprehensive motion effect of the wire cutting platform 82 enables the electric spark cutting wire 79 to perform cutting motion for cutting the gear outline relative to the rim plate 81 to be cut, and the process of cutting the rim plate 81 to be cut by the electric spark cutting wire 79 is finished after the wire cutting platform 82 completes one complete rotation, so as to form a waste outer ring 87 and a rim plate 23 finished product, as shown in fig. 3;
and (4) finishing the inspection stage: and (3) removing the waste outer ring 87, then keeping the finished product of the rim plate 23 on the wire cutting platform 82, and then comparing the outer tooth body 50 on the outer ring profile of the finished product of the rim plate 23 with the gear profile of the wire cutting platform 82, wherein if the overlap ratio of the outer tooth body 50 on the outer ring profile of the finished product of the rim plate 23 and the gear profile of the wire cutting platform 82 reaches a preset requirement, the wire cutting process is qualified.
The concrete structure and the technical progress of the automobile hub in the scheme are introduced as follows, as shown in figures 5 to 11: including the rim 34 and the rim plate 23; the wheel rim 34 is of an annular revolving body structure, a left inner ring 43 and a right inner ring 46 are integrally and coaxially arranged on two sides of the revolving body inner ring of the wheel rim 34, and a circle of inner tooth bodies 60 are circumferentially distributed on the outline of one end, close to the left inner ring 43, of the revolving body inner ring of the wheel rim 34; the rim plate 23 is of a circular disc-shaped structure, and a circle of outer tooth bodies 50 are distributed on the outer ring profile of the rim plate 23 in a circumferential array manner; a plurality of outer tooth bodies 50 on the rim disc 23 are meshed with a plurality of inner tooth bodies 60 on the inner ring of the rim 34; two kinds of parts of wheel rim and wheel rim dish form combination formula wheel hub after combining, replace traditional complex construction's integrated wheel hub, its wheel rim and wheel rim dish are solid of revolution structure, and its split type blank manufacturing process is simpler than traditional integral type complex wheel hub, and wheel rim dish adopt on the wheel rim dish the outer dentate with if the dentate engaged with mode of wheel rim, greatly improve its moment of torsion transmission's homogeneity, the integral type wheel hub structure under its intensity is close to the ideal state.
The disc surface of the rim disc 23 is provided with a plurality of hollow holes 49 in a circumferential array; a plurality of end cover flange mounting holes 48 are formed around a hub shaft hole 47 at the central part of the rim plate 23; the edge of the disc surface outline of the rim disc 23 is provided with a plurality of rim fixing flange holes 40 in a circumferential array in a hollow manner.
A plurality of left bolt through holes 41 are formed in the left inner ring 43 in a circumferential array, and a plurality of right bolt through holes 39 are distributed in the right inner ring 46 in a circumferential array; each rim fixing flange hole 40, the left bolt through hole 41 and the right bolt through hole 39 correspond to each other; the locking device further comprises a plurality of locking bolts 36, each locking bolt 36 sequentially comprises a threaded head 45, a polished rod section 38 and a threaded section 37 along the length direction, the outer diameter of the threaded section 37 is smaller than that of the polished rod section 38, and an annular shaft shoulder 02 is formed at the joint of the threaded section 37 and the polished rod section 38; the polished rod section 38 correspondingly penetrates through the right bolt through hole 39, the outer diameter of the polished rod section 38 is the same as the inner diameter of the right bolt through hole 39, the threaded section 37 penetrates through the corresponding left bolt through hole 41 and the rim fixing flange hole 40, the inner diameters of the left bolt through hole 41 and the rim fixing flange hole 40 are both larger than the outer diameter of the threaded section 37, the size relation enables the side wall of the threaded section 37 not to contact the rim fixing flange hole 40, and further the elastic deformation of the torsion property does not form bending moment force on the locking bolt 36 when the rim plate 23 is subjected to large torsion, so that the locking bolt 36 cannot be broken; the tail end of the threaded section 37 is also provided with a locking nut 35 in a locking manner, and an annular nut washer 44 is clamped between the locking nut 35 and the wheel rim plate 23;
an annular spring gap 01 is formed between the outer wall of the threaded section 37 and the inner wall of the corresponding left bolt through hole 41 and the rim fixing flange hole 40, a locking spring 42 is arranged between the annular spring gaps 01, the locking spring 42 is sleeved on the threaded section 37, one end of the locking spring 42 is pressed against the nut washer 44, the other end of the locking spring 42 is pressed against the annular shaft shoulder 02, and the structure of the locking spring 42 enables the locking nut 35 to always receive the axial pressing force of the locking spring 42 even in a loose state, so that the effect of preventing the locking nut 35 from continuously loosening is achieved.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and it should be noted that: it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the principles of the invention and these are intended to be within the scope of the invention.