JP4927972B2 - Wort boiling equipment - Google Patents

Wort boiling equipment Download PDF

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JP4927972B2
JP4927972B2 JP2010127298A JP2010127298A JP4927972B2 JP 4927972 B2 JP4927972 B2 JP 4927972B2 JP 2010127298 A JP2010127298 A JP 2010127298A JP 2010127298 A JP2010127298 A JP 2010127298A JP 4927972 B2 JP4927972 B2 JP 4927972B2
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heat exchanger
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supply line
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JP2010183919A (en
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公人 川村
弘 小畠
良隆 工藤
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Asahi Breweries Ltd
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Description

本発明は、ビール製品や発泡酒製品の製造に好適な麦汁煮沸装置に関する。 The present invention relates to a preferred wort boiling device for the production of beer products and malt beer products.

ビール製品や発泡酒製品は、一般的に、湯に麦芽の一部及び必要に応じて副原料（例えば、米、コーン・スターチ）を加えて仕込釜で煮た後に、仕込槽において残りの麦芽にお湯を加え、更に仕込釜で得られたものを加えてもろみを生成し、これをろ過した麦汁にホップを加えて煮沸釜で煮沸し、それを発酵・熟成させた後にろ過して製造されうる。   In general, beer products and sparkling liquor products are prepared by adding a part of malt to hot water and, if necessary, auxiliary materials (for example, rice, corn starch) and boiling in a charging pot, and then remaining malt in the charging tank. Add hot water, and then add the one obtained in the charging kettle to produce mash, add hops to the filtered wort, boil it in the boiling kettle, ferment and age it, and filter it Can be done.

煮沸釜では、麦汁中の水分を規定量だけ蒸発させる煮沸工程が実施される。煮沸釜の一例として、多管式熱交換器（ローレンコッファー）を用いたものがある。多管式熱交換器は、典型的には、麦汁を通す多数の伝熱管と、該多数の伝熱管を取り囲む外管とを備え、外管内に加熱された蒸気を通すことにより蒸気と麦汁との間で熱交換を行うように構成されている。   In the boiling kettle, a boiling process is performed in which the water in the wort is evaporated by a specified amount. One example of the boiling kettle is one using a multi-tube heat exchanger (Lauren Coffer). A multi-tube heat exchanger typically includes a number of heat transfer tubes through which wort passes and an outer tube surrounding the plurality of heat transfer tubes, and steam and wheat are passed through the heated steam through the outer tubes. It is configured to exchange heat with the juice.

従来、多管式熱交換器を有する煮沸釜では、煮沸釜内の麦汁の液面をレベル計で計測しながら予め定められた煮沸強度（時間あたりの水分蒸発量（％／ｈ））が維持されるように、熱交換器に供給する蒸気の流量を制御弁によって制御していた。   Conventionally, in a boiling kettle having a multi-tube heat exchanger, a predetermined boiling strength (water evaporation per hour (% / h)) is measured while measuring the liquid level of wort in the boiling kettle with a level meter. In order to be maintained, the flow rate of steam supplied to the heat exchanger was controlled by a control valve.

特許第３４９０４６０号公報Japanese Patent No. 3490460

麦汁の液面レベルに基づいて熱交換器に供給する蒸気流量を制御する方式では、蒸気流量の変化に対する液面レベルの追随が非常に遅いために、実際の煮沸強度を目標煮沸強度に正確に一致させることは極めて困難である。従来の典型例では、煮沸工程において、麦汁の実際の液面レベルは、目標煮沸強度によって規定される目標液面レベル曲線の上下に大きく数回にわたって振動するために、煮沸工程の終了時に実際の液面レベルを目標液面レベルに収束させることが困難であった。これは、実際の蒸発量を目標蒸発量に一致させることの難しさを示す。   In the method of controlling the steam flow rate supplied to the heat exchanger based on the wort liquid level, the actual boiling strength is accurately adjusted to the target boiling strength because the liquid level is very slow to follow the change in the steam flow rate. It is extremely difficult to match. In the conventional typical example, in the boiling process, the actual liquid level of wort vibrates several times up and down the target liquid level curve defined by the target boiling strength, so it is actually at the end of the boiling process. It was difficult to converge the liquid level to the target liquid level. This indicates the difficulty of making the actual evaporation amount coincide with the target evaporation amount.

本発明は、上記の課題認識を基礎としてなされたものであり、例えば、煮沸の制御を安定的かつ正確に行うことを目的とする。   The present invention has been made on the basis of the above-mentioned problem recognition, and an object thereof is, for example, to stably and accurately control boiling.

本発明の麦汁煮沸装置は、熱交換器が内部に配置された煮沸釜と、
前記熱交換器に蒸気を供給する供給ラインと、前記熱交換器から蒸気又はそれが凝縮した水を排出する排出ラインと、前記供給ラインを通して前記熱交換器に供給される蒸気の温度を測定する第１温度計と、前記排出ラインを通して前記熱交換器から排出される蒸気又は水の温度を測定する第２温度計と、前記第１温度計で測定される温度及び前記第２温度計で測定される温度に基づいて、前記供給ラインを通る蒸気によって前記熱交換器に供給される時間あたりの熱量を制御する制御器とを備える。 The wort boiling apparatus of the present invention is a boiling kettle in which a heat exchanger is disposed,
A supply line for supplying steam to the heat exchanger, a discharge line for discharging steam or water condensed from the heat exchanger, and a temperature of the steam supplied to the heat exchanger through the supply line. A first thermometer, a second thermometer for measuring the temperature of steam or water discharged from the heat exchanger through the discharge line, a temperature measured by the first thermometer, and a measurement by the second thermometer And a controller for controlling the amount of heat per hour supplied to the heat exchanger by the steam passing through the supply line.

本発明の好適な実施形態によれば、前記制御器は、前記供給ラインを通る蒸気の流量を制御する制御弁を備えうる。この場合において、前記制御器は、前記第１温度計で測定される温度及び前記第２温度計で測定される温度に基づいて前記供給ラインを通して前記熱交換器に供給すべき蒸気の流量を演算し、その演算結果に前記供給ラインを通して前記熱交換器に供給される蒸気の流量が一致するように前記制御弁を制御することができる。   According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the controller may comprise a control valve that controls the flow rate of steam through the supply line. In this case, the controller calculates the flow rate of steam to be supplied to the heat exchanger through the supply line based on the temperature measured by the first thermometer and the temperature measured by the second thermometer. And the said control valve can be controlled so that the flow volume of the vapor | steam supplied to the said heat exchanger through the said supply line may correspond with the calculation result.

或いは、前記制御器は、前記供給ラインを通る蒸気の流量を制御する制御弁と、前記供給ラインを通る蒸気の流量を測定する流量計とを備えることが好ましい。この場合において、前記制御器は、前記第１温度計で測定される温度及び前記第２温度計で測定される温度に基づいて前記供給ラインを通して前記熱交換器に供給すべき蒸気の流量を演算し、その演算結果に前記流量計によって測定される流量が一致するように前記制御弁を制御することができる。   Alternatively, the controller preferably includes a control valve that controls a flow rate of steam passing through the supply line, and a flow meter that measures a flow rate of steam passing through the supply line. In this case, the controller calculates the flow rate of steam to be supplied to the heat exchanger through the supply line based on the temperature measured by the first thermometer and the temperature measured by the second thermometer. Then, the control valve can be controlled so that the flow rate measured by the flow meter matches the calculation result.

本発明の実施形態の麦汁煮沸方法は、熱交換器が内部に配置された煮沸釜と、前記熱交換器に蒸気を供給する供給ラインと、前記熱交換器から蒸気又はそれが凝縮した水を排出する排出ラインとを備える麦汁煮沸装置における麦汁煮沸方法に係り、前記供給ラインを通して前記熱交換器に供給される蒸気の温度と前記排出ラインを通して前記熱交換器から排出される蒸気又は水の温度とに基づいて前記第供給ラインを通る蒸気によって前記熱交換器に供給される時間あたりの熱量を制御しながら麦汁を煮沸する。 The wort boiling method according to the embodiment of the present invention includes a boiling pot in which a heat exchanger is arranged, a supply line for supplying steam to the heat exchanger, steam from the heat exchanger or water in which it is condensed. A wort boiling method in a wort boiling apparatus comprising a discharge line for discharging steam, a temperature of steam supplied to the heat exchanger through the supply line, and steam discharged from the heat exchanger through the discharge line, or The wort is boiled while controlling the amount of heat per hour supplied to the heat exchanger by steam passing through the first supply line based on the temperature of water.

本発明によれば、例えば、煮沸の制御を安定的かつ正確に行うことができる。   According to the present invention, for example, boiling can be controlled stably and accurately.

本発明の製造設備の好適な実施形態としての麦汁煮沸装置の概略構成を示す図である。It is a figure which shows schematic structure of the wort boiling apparatus as suitable embodiment of the manufacturing equipment of this invention. 多管式熱交換器の構成を概略的に示す図である。It is a figure which shows schematically the structure of a multitubular heat exchanger.

以下、添付図面を参照しながら本発明の好適な実施形態を説明する。   Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

図１は、本発明の製造設備の好適な実施形態としての麦汁煮沸装置の概略構成を示す図である。煮沸釜１０は、ビール又は発泡酒の製造において、麦汁１２を煮沸するために使用される。煮沸対象の麦汁は、もろみをろ過したものにホップを加えたものである。煮沸釜１０の内部には、麦汁１２を煮沸するための熱交換器２０が配置されている。熱交換器２０は、例えば、多管式熱交換器（ローレンコッファー）として構成されうる。   FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a wort boiling apparatus as a preferred embodiment of the production equipment of the present invention. The boiling pot 10 is used for boiling the wort 12 in the production of beer or sparkling liquor. The wort to be boiled is a product obtained by adding hops to mash. Inside the boiling pot 10, a heat exchanger 20 for boiling the wort 12 is disposed. The heat exchanger 20 can be configured as, for example, a multitubular heat exchanger (Lauren Coffer).

多管式熱交換器は、典型的には、図２に示すように、外管２２内に多数の伝熱管２１を配置し、これらの伝熱管２１と外管２２の内壁との間に加熱された蒸気を供給することにより伝熱管２１内を流れる麦汁を加熱するように構成されうる。   As shown in FIG. 2, a multi-tube heat exchanger typically has a large number of heat transfer tubes 21 arranged in an outer tube 22, and heating is performed between these heat transfer tubes 21 and the inner wall of the outer tube 22. The wort flowing through the heat transfer tube 21 can be heated by supplying the steam that has been generated.

麦汁煮沸装置は、煮沸釜１０内の熱交換器２０に加熱された蒸気を供給する供給ライン９０と、熱交換器２０から蒸気又はそれが凝縮した水を排出する排出ライン１００とを有する。排出ライン１００には、スチームトラップ８０が設けられていて、これにより蒸気状態で存在する水が凝縮される。   The wort boiling apparatus includes a supply line 90 that supplies heated steam to the heat exchanger 20 in the boiling pot 10 and a discharge line 100 that discharges steam or water condensed from the heat exchanger 20. The discharge line 100 is provided with a steam trap 80, whereby water existing in a vapor state is condensed.

熱交換器２０において、供給ライン９０を通して供給される蒸気は、伝熱管２１内の麦汁との熱交換によって冷却されて凝縮し液化しうる。伝熱管２１内の麦汁は、蒸気から与えられる熱によって加熱されて沸騰し、水分が蒸発する。   In the heat exchanger 20, the steam supplied through the supply line 90 can be cooled and condensed and liquefied by heat exchange with the wort in the heat transfer tube 21. The wort in the heat transfer tube 21 is heated and boiled by the heat given from the steam, and the water evaporates.

麦汁煮沸装置は、熱交換器２０において蒸気が麦汁によって時間あたりに奪われた熱量に基づいて、蒸気によって熱交換器２０に与えるべき時間あたりの熱量を逐次制御する。熱交換器２０において蒸気が麦汁によって時間あたりに奪われた熱量は、熱交換器２０に供給される蒸気の温度と、熱交換器２０から排出される蒸気又は水の温度との差分に基づいて演算することができる。そこで、供給ライン９０には、その中を通る蒸気の温度を測定する第１温度計３０が設けられ、排出ライン１００には、その中を通る蒸気又は水の温度を測定する第２温度計４０が設けられている。   The wort boiling device sequentially controls the amount of heat per hour to be given to the heat exchanger 20 by steam based on the amount of heat taken by the wort per hour by the wort in the heat exchanger 20. The amount of heat taken by the wort per hour in the heat exchanger 20 is based on the difference between the temperature of the steam supplied to the heat exchanger 20 and the temperature of the steam or water discharged from the heat exchanger 20. Can be calculated. Therefore, the supply line 90 is provided with a first thermometer 30 for measuring the temperature of the steam passing therethrough, and the discharge line 100 is provided with a second thermometer 40 for measuring the temperature of the steam or water passing therethrough. Is provided.

制御器１１０は、第１温度計３０によって測定される温度及び第２温度計４０によって測定される温度に基づいて、供給ライン９０を通して熱交換器２０に供給される蒸気の時間あたりの量（熱交換器２０に供給される時間あたりの熱量）を制御する。   Based on the temperature measured by the first thermometer 30 and the temperature measured by the second thermometer 40, the controller 110 measures the amount of steam (heat) that is supplied to the heat exchanger 20 through the supply line 90. The amount of heat per hour supplied to the exchanger 20 is controlled.

制御器１１０は、例えば、供給ライン９０を通る蒸気の流量（例えば、質量流量）を制御する制御弁６０及び制御弁６０の開度を制御する弁制御器５０を含んで構成され、第１温度計３０によって測定される温度及び第２温度計４０によって測定される温度に基づいて供給ライン９０を通して熱交換器２０に供給すべき蒸気の流量を逐次演算し、その演算結果に供給ライン９０を通して熱交換器２０に供給される蒸気の流量が一致するように制御弁６０を制御する。   The controller 110 includes, for example, a control valve 60 that controls the flow rate (for example, mass flow rate) of steam passing through the supply line 90 and a valve controller 50 that controls the opening degree of the control valve 60, and the first temperature. Based on the temperature measured by the meter 30 and the temperature measured by the second thermometer 40, the flow rate of the steam to be supplied to the heat exchanger 20 through the supply line 90 is sequentially calculated. The control valve 60 is controlled so that the flow rate of the steam supplied to the exchanger 20 matches.

制御器１１０は、更に、供給ライン９０を通る蒸気の流量（例えば、質量流量）を測定する流量計７０を含むことが好ましい。この場合において、制御器１１０は、第１温度計３０によって測定される温度及び第２温度計４０によって測定される温度に基づいて供給ライン９０を通して熱交換器２０に供給すべき蒸気の流量を逐次演算し、その演算結果に流量計７０によって測定される流量が一致するように制御弁６０を制御する。   The controller 110 further preferably includes a flow meter 70 that measures the flow rate of steam (eg, mass flow rate) through the supply line 90. In this case, the controller 110 sequentially determines the flow rate of the steam to be supplied to the heat exchanger 20 through the supply line 90 based on the temperature measured by the first thermometer 30 and the temperature measured by the second thermometer 40. The control valve 60 is controlled so that the flow rate measured by the flow meter 70 matches the calculation result.

以下、弁制御器５０による制御弁６０の制御について説明する。熱交換器２０に供給される蒸気によって麦汁に与えられる熱量をＱ１、供給ライン９０から供給される蒸気によって熱交換器２０に流入する熱量をＱ２、熱交換器２０から排出ライン１００に排出される蒸気又は水によって熱交換器２０から流出する熱量をＱ３とすると、次式が成り立つ。   Hereinafter, control of the control valve 60 by the valve controller 50 will be described. The amount of heat given to the wort by the steam supplied to the heat exchanger 20 is Q1, the amount of heat flowing into the heat exchanger 20 by the steam supplied from the supply line 90 is Q2, and is discharged from the heat exchanger 20 to the discharge line 100. If the amount of heat flowing out of the heat exchanger 20 by the steam or water is Q3, the following equation is established.

Ｑ１＝Ｑ２−Ｑ３ ・・・（１）
ここで、水の蒸発熱（ｃａｌ／ｇ）をＡ（＝５４０ｃａｌ／ｇ）、時間あたりの麦汁からの水の蒸発量である煮沸強度（％／ｈ）をＸ、煮沸時間（ｈ）をＴ、初期状態（煮沸前）の麦汁の量（ＨＬ＝１０６リットル）をＶ１、係数をαとすると、Ｑ１は、次式で示される。 Q1 = Q2-Q3 (1)
Here, the heat of water evaporation (cal / g) is A (= 540 cal / g), the boiling strength (% / h) which is the amount of water evaporated from wort per hour is X, and the boiling time (h) is T, the amount of wort in the initial state (before boiling) a (HL = 10 6 liters) V1, if the coefficient is alpha, Q1 is expressed by the following equation.

Ｑ１＝Ａ・Ｘ・Ｔ・Ｖ１・α・１０６ ・・・（２）
また、蒸気の比熱（ｃａｌ／ｇ・℃）をＢ（＝０．５ｃａｌ／ｇ・℃）、蒸気の質量流量（ｋｇ／ｈ）をΓ、熱交換器２０の入口における蒸気の温度（第１温度計３０によって測定されるの蒸気の温度；℃）をｔ１、熱交換器２０の出口における蒸気又は水の温度（第２温度計４０によって測定される蒸気又は水の温度）をｔ２とすると、Ｑ２、Ｑ３は、次式で示される。 Q1 = A · X · T · V1 · α · 10 6 (2)
Further, the specific heat of steam (cal / g · ° C.) is B (= 0.5 cal / g · ° C.), the mass flow rate (kg / h) of steam is Γ, and the temperature of steam at the inlet of the heat exchanger 20 (first When the temperature of the steam measured by the thermometer 30 (° C.) is t1, and the temperature of the steam or water at the outlet of the heat exchanger 20 (the temperature of the steam or water measured by the second thermometer 40) is t2, Q2 and Q3 are represented by the following equations.

Ｑ２＝Ｂ・Γ・（ｔ１−ｔ２）・Ｔ・１０３ ・・・（３）
Ｑ３＝Ａ・Γ・Ｔ・１０３ ・・・（４）
したがって、（１）〜（４）式より、
Γ＝（Ａ・Ｘ・Ｖ１・α）／（Ｂ・（ｔ１−ｔ２）＋Ａ）・０．００１
・・・（５）
ここで、（５）式にＡ、Ｂを代入すると、次式が得られる。 Q2 = B · Γ · (t1−t2) · T · 10 3 (3)
Q3 = A · Γ · T · 10 3 (4)
Therefore, from the equations (1) to (4),
Γ = (A · X · V1 · α) / (B · (t1−t2) + A) · 0.001
... (5)
Here, when A and B are substituted into the equation (5), the following equation is obtained.

Γ＝（５４０・Ｘ・Ｖ１・α）／（０．５・（ｔ１−ｔ２）＋５４０）・０．００１
・・・（６）
（６）式において、煮沸強度Ｘ１及びαは、予め設定される値である。また、初期状態の麦汁の量Ｖ１は、煮沸すべき麦汁の量であるので煮沸前に設定される値である。したがって、制御器は、第１温度計３０によって測定される温度ｔ１及び第２温度計４０によって測定される温度ｔ２に基づいて、供給ライン９０を通して熱交換器２０に供給される蒸気の流量Γを逐次演算し、このΓに従って制御弁６０を制御することができる。 Γ = (540 · X · V1 · α) / (0.5 · (t1−t2) +540) · 0.001
... (6)
In the equation (6), the boiling strengths X1 and α are preset values. Moreover, since the amount V1 of wort in the initial state is the amount of wort to be boiled, it is a value set before boiling. Therefore, the controller sets the flow rate Γ of the steam supplied to the heat exchanger 20 through the supply line 90 based on the temperature t1 measured by the first thermometer 30 and the temperature t2 measured by the second thermometer 40. The control valve 60 can be controlled according to this Γ by sequentially calculating.

以上のように、第１温度計３０で測定される温度ｔ１及び第２温度計４０で測定される温度ｔ２に基づいて供給ライン９０を通る蒸気によって熱交換器２０に与えられる時間あたりの熱量を逐次制御することにより、従来の方法に比べて、実際の煮沸強度を目標煮沸強度Ｘに対して正確に一致させることができる。これは、従来のような麦汁の液面レベルに基づいて制御弁を制御する方法では、蒸気の流量変化に対する応答が得られるのが極めて遅いが、本方法によれば、熱交換器に対して供給する熱量の変化への追随が速い熱交換器の入口及び出口における蒸気又は水の温度に基づいて該熱量を制御するからである。   As described above, the amount of heat per time given to the heat exchanger 20 by the steam passing through the supply line 90 based on the temperature t1 measured by the first thermometer 30 and the temperature t2 measured by the second thermometer 40 is calculated. By sequentially controlling, the actual boiling intensity can be made to exactly match the target boiling intensity X as compared with the conventional method. This is because the conventional method of controlling the control valve based on the liquid level of wort is very slow in obtaining a response to the change in the flow rate of the steam. This is because the amount of heat is controlled on the basis of the temperature of the steam or water at the inlet and outlet of the heat exchanger that quickly follows the change in the amount of heat supplied.

１０ 煮沸釜
１２ 麦汁
２０ 熱交換器
３０ 第１温度計
４０ 第２温度計
５０ 弁制御器
６０ 制御弁
７０ 流量計
８０ スチームトラップ
９０ 供給ライン
１００ 排出ライン
１１０ 制御器 10 boiling pot 12 wort 20 heat exchanger 30 first thermometer 40 second thermometer 50 valve controller 60 control valve 70 flow meter 80 steam trap 90 supply line 100 discharge line 110 controller

Claims (2)

麦汁煮沸装置であって、
熱交換器が内部に配置された煮沸釜と、
前記熱交換器に蒸気を供給する供給ラインと、
前記熱交換器から蒸気又はそれが凝縮した水を排出する排出ラインと、
前記供給ラインを通して前記熱交換器に供給される蒸気の温度を測定する第１温度計と、
前記排出ラインを通して前記熱交換器から排出される蒸気又は水の温度を測定する第２温度計と、
前記第１温度計で測定される温度及び前記第２温度計で測定される温度に基づいて、前記供給ラインを通る蒸気によって前記熱交換器に供給される時間あたりの熱量を制御する制御器と、
を備えることを特徴とする麦汁煮沸装置。 A wort boiling device,
A boiling kettle with an internal heat exchanger,
A supply line for supplying steam to the heat exchanger;
A discharge line for discharging steam or water it has condensed from the heat exchanger;
A first thermometer for measuring a temperature of steam supplied to the heat exchanger through the supply line;
A second thermometer for measuring the temperature of steam or water discharged from the heat exchanger through the discharge line;
A controller for controlling the amount of heat per hour supplied to the heat exchanger by steam passing through the supply line based on the temperature measured by the first thermometer and the temperature measured by the second thermometer; ,
A wort boiling apparatus comprising: 前記制御器は、前記供給ラインを通る蒸気の流量を制御する制御弁を備え、前記第１温度計で測定される温度及び前記第２温度計で測定される温度に基づいて前記供給ラインを通して前記熱交換器に供給すべき蒸気の流量を演算し、その演算結果に前記供給ラインを通して前記熱交換器に供給される蒸気の流量が一致するように前記制御弁を制御することを特徴とする請求項１に記載の麦汁煮沸装置。   The controller includes a control valve for controlling a flow rate of steam through the supply line, and the controller controls the flow rate through the supply line based on the temperature measured by the first thermometer and the temperature measured by the second thermometer. The flow rate of the steam to be supplied to the heat exchanger is calculated, and the control valve is controlled so that the flow rate of the steam supplied to the heat exchanger through the supply line matches the calculation result. Item 2. A wort boiling apparatus according to Item 1.
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JPS6022905B2 (en) * 1983-06-08 1985-06-04 株式会社三宅製作所 Heat exchanger heat transfer adjustment device for brewing kettles for beer and whiskey
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