CN111911894B - Steam boiler controlled according to pressure difference - Google Patents
Steam boiler controlled according to pressure difference Download PDFInfo
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- CN111911894B CN111911894B CN201910374263.1A CN201910374263A CN111911894B CN 111911894 B CN111911894 B CN 111911894B CN 201910374263 A CN201910374263 A CN 201910374263A CN 111911894 B CN111911894 B CN 111911894B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
- F22B1/28—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method in boilers heated electrically
- F22B1/284—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method in boilers heated electrically with water in reservoirs
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B35/00—Control systems for steam boilers
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Abstract
The invention provides a steam boiler based on pressure difference control, which comprises an electric heating device and a steam chamber, wherein the electric heating device is arranged in the steam chamber, the steam chamber comprises a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe, the electric heating device comprises a first pipe box, a second pipe box and a coil pipe, the coil pipe is communicated with the first pipe box and the second pipe box, the pressure difference or the accumulation of the pressure difference change is obtained through the comparison of pressure data of adjacent time, and when the pressure difference or the pressure difference change is lower than a threshold value, a controller controls an electric heater to stop heating or continue heating. The electric heating device can judge whether the stable state is reached or not according to the internal pressure difference or the accumulation of the pressure difference change, and controls the heating of the electric heater, so that the internal fluid can realize frequent vibration, and good descaling and heating effects are realized.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a steam generating apparatus, and more particularly, to a steam boiler controlled according to a pressure difference.
Background
Steam boilers are mechanical devices that use the heat energy of a fuel or other energy source to heat water into steam. The steam boiler has wide application field and is widely applied to places such as clothing factories, dry cleaning shops, restaurants, buns, dining halls, factories and mines, bean product factories and the like. In applicant's prior application, a new coil type electric heating coil, such as CN106123306A, was developed and studied to vibrate the elastic tube bundle due to the expansion of the fluid therein caused by heating, thereby achieving heating and descaling effects.
However, in the application, it is found that the continuous heating of the electric heater can cause the stability of the fluid formation of the internal electric heating device, that is, the fluid is not flowing or has little fluidity, or the flow rate is stable, so that the vibration performance of the coil is greatly weakened, thereby affecting the descaling of the coil and the heating efficiency, for this reason, the university of Qingdao science and technology has studied to develop a new steam boiler capable of generating periodic vibration, and has already made patent applications with application numbers of 2019101874848, 2019101875431, 2019101866555, 2019101914489.
However, in practice it has been found that adjusting the vibration of the tube bundle by a fixed periodic variation can result in hysteresis and excessively long or short periods. Therefore, the invention improves the previous application and intelligently controls the vibration, so that the fluid in the fluid can realize frequent vibration, and good descaling and heating effects can be realized.
In the prior application, the data of the temperature pressure liquid level is only controlled, the internal heating is considered to enter a sufficient state when certain data is reached, and the fluid flowing state also enters a stable state, but the judgment mode has obvious errors along with the continuous operation of a heating device, so that the result is inaccurate.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the technology researched in the prior art, the invention provides a novel intelligent control electric heating steam boiler according to the parameter difference of the time. The steam boiler can improve the heating efficiency, thereby realizing good descaling and heating effects.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a steam boiler based on pressure difference control comprises an electric heating device and a steam chamber, wherein the electric heating device is arranged in the steam chamber, the steam chamber comprises a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe, the electric heating device comprises a first pipe box, a second pipe box and a coil pipe, the coil pipe is communicated with the first pipe box and the second pipe box to form closed circulation of heating fluid, and an electric heater is arranged in the first pipe box; filling phase-change fluid in the first channel; the number of the coil pipes is one or more, each coil pipe comprises a plurality of arc-shaped pipe bundles, the central lines of the arc-shaped pipe bundles are arcs taking the first pipe box as a concentric circle, and the end parts of the adjacent pipe bundles are communicated, so that the end parts of the pipe bundles form free ends of the pipe bundles; the electric heating device is characterized in that a pressure sensing element is arranged in the electric heating device and used for detecting the pressure in the electric heating device, the pressure sensing element is in data connection with a controller, the controller extracts pressure data according to a time sequence, the pressure difference or the accumulation of the pressure difference change is obtained through the comparison of the pressure data of adjacent time, and when the pressure difference or the accumulation of the pressure difference change is lower than a threshold value, the controller controls the electric heater to stop heating or continue heating.
Preferably, if the pressure at the previous time is P1 and the pressure at the next time is P2, if P1< P2, the controller controls the electric heater to stop heating when the pressure is lower than the threshold value; if P1 is more than P2, the controller controls the electric heater to heat when the temperature is lower than the threshold value.
Preferably, if the pressure at the previous time is P1, the pressure at the next following is P2, and if P1 is P2, heating is judged according to the following:
if the pressure P1 is greater than the pressure of the first data, the controller controls the electric heater to stop heating when the pressure P is lower than the threshold value; wherein the first data is greater than the pressure of the phase change fluid after the phase change; preferably the pressure at which the phase change fluid substantially changes phase;
if P1 is less than the pressure of the second data, which is less than or equal to the pressure at which no phase change of the phase-change fluid occurs, then below the threshold, the controller controls the electric heater to continue heating.
Preferably, the pressure sensing element is disposed within the first and/or second header.
Preferably, the pressure sensing elements are disposed within the first and second header tanks.
Preferably, the number of the pressure sensing elements is n, and the current time pressure P is calculated in sequenceiWith a previous time pressure Qi-1Difference D ofi＝Pi-Qi-1And for n pressure differences DiPerforming arithmetic cumulative summation
When the value of Y is lower than a set threshold value, the controller controls the electric heater to stop heating or continue heating.
Preferably, when Y is more than 0 and is lower than the threshold value, the controller controls the electric heater to stop heating; if Y is less than 0, the controller controls the electric heater to heat when the Y is lower than the threshold value.
Preferably, if Y is 0, heating is judged according to the following:
if P isiIs greater than the pressure of the first data, and is below a threshold valueThe controller controls the electric heater to stop heating; wherein the first data is greater than the pressure of the phase change fluid after the phase change; preferably the pressure at which the phase change fluid substantially changes phase;
if P isiIs less than the pressure of the second data, the controller controls the electric heater to continue heating when the second data is less than or equal to the pressure at which the phase change of the phase-change fluid does not occur.
The invention has the following advantages:
1. the electric heating device can judge whether the electric heating device reaches a stable state or not according to the internal pressure difference or the accumulated pressure difference, and then intelligently controls the heating of the electric heater according to the internal pressure difference, so that the internal fluid can realize frequent vibration, and good descaling and heating effects are realized.
2. The invention designs a layout of an electric heating device with a novel structure in a steam chamber, which can further improve the heating efficiency.
3. The invention optimizes the optimal relationship of the parameters of the coil pipe through a large amount of experiments and numerical simulation, thereby realizing the optimal heating efficiency.
Description of the drawings:
fig. 1 is a top view of an electric heating apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a front view of the electric heating apparatus.
Fig. 3 is a schematic layout of an electrical heating device disposed in a circular vapor chamber.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the coil arrangement.
Figure 5 is a schematic view of a vapor chamber structure.
Fig. 6 is a control flow diagram.
In the figure: 1. coil pipe, 2, first pipe box, 3, free end, 4, free end, 5, water inlet pipe, 6, steam outlet, 7, free end, 8, second pipe box, 9, connecting point, 10, electric heating device, 11, steam chamber, 12 pipe bundle, 13 electric heater
Detailed Description
A steam boiler comprises an electric heating device 10, a steam chamber 11, the electric heating device 10 being arranged in the steam chamber 11, the steam chamber 11 comprising a water inlet tube 5 and a steam outlet 6. The steam vents 6 are arranged in the upper part of the steam chamber.
Preferably, the steam chamber is a cylindrical structure.
Fig. 1 shows a top view of an electric heating apparatus 10, as shown in fig. 1, the electric heating apparatus 10 includes a first pipe box 2, a second pipe box 8 and a coil 1, the coil 1 is communicated with the first pipe box 2 and the second pipe box 8, a fluid circulates in the first pipe box 2, the second pipe box 8 and the coil 1 in a closed manner, an electric heater 13 is disposed in the electric heating apparatus 10, and the electric heater 13 is used for heating the fluid in the electric heating apparatus 10 and then heating water in a steam chamber by the heated fluid.
As shown in fig. 1-2, an electric heater 13 is disposed in the first header tank 2; the first channel box 2 is filled with phase-change fluid; the number of the coil pipes 1 is one or more, each coil pipe 1 comprises a plurality of circular arc-shaped pipe bundles 12, the central lines of the circular arc-shaped pipe bundles 12 are circular arcs taking the first pipe box 2 as a concentric circle, the end parts of the adjacent pipe bundles 12 are communicated, and fluid forms serial flow between the first pipe box 2 and the second pipe box 8, so that the end parts of the pipe bundles form free ends 3 and 4 of the pipe bundles; the fluid is phase-change fluid, vapor-liquid phase-change liquid, the electric heating device is in data connection with the controller, and the controller controls the heating power of the electric heating device to periodically change along with the change of time.
Preferably, the first and second headers 2 and 8 are provided along a height direction.
It has been found in research and practice that continuous power-stable heating of the electric heater results in a stable fluid formation of the internal electric heating means, i.e. the fluid is not flowing or has little fluidity, or the flow is stable, resulting in a greatly reduced vibrational performance of the coil 1, thereby affecting the efficiency of descaling and heating of the coil 1. There is therefore a need for an improvement to the electrical heating coil described above as follows.
It has been found in research and practice that continuous power-stable heating of the electric heater results in a stable fluid formation of the internal electric heating means, i.e. the fluid is not flowing or has little fluidity, or the flow is stable, resulting in a greatly reduced vibrational performance of the coil 1, thereby affecting the efficiency of descaling and heating of the coil 1. There is therefore a need for an improvement to the electrical heating coil described above as follows.
In the prior application of the inventor, a periodic heating mode is provided, and the vibration of the coil is continuously promoted by the periodic heating mode, so that the heating efficiency and the descaling effect are improved. However, adjusting the vibration of the tube bundle with a fixed periodic variation can lead to hysteresis and too long or too short a period. Therefore, the invention improves the previous application and intelligently controls the vibration, so that the fluid in the fluid can realize frequent vibration, and good descaling and heating effects can be realized.
Aiming at the defects in the technology researched in the prior art, the invention provides a novel electric heating water heater capable of intelligently controlling vibration. This water heater can improve heating efficiency to realize fine scale removal and heating effect.
Automatically adjusting vibration based on pressure difference
Preferably, a pressure sensing element is arranged in the electric heating device and used for detecting the pressure in the electric heating device, the pressure sensing element is in data connection with the controller, the controller extracts pressure data according to a time sequence, the pressure data in adjacent time periods are compared to obtain the pressure difference or the accumulation of the pressure difference change, and when the pressure difference or the accumulation of the pressure difference change is lower than a threshold value, the controller controls the electric heater to stop heating or continue heating.
Through the pressure difference of the previous and subsequent time periods or the accumulated pressure difference detected by the pressure sensing element, the evaporation of the fluid inside can be judged to be basically saturated through the pressure difference, and the volume of the fluid inside is basically not changed greatly. So that the fluid undergoes volume reduction to thereby realize vibration. When the pressure difference is reduced to a certain degree, the internal fluid starts to enter a stable state again, and at the moment, the fluid needs to be heated so as to be evaporated and expanded again, so that the electric heater needs to be started for heating.
The stable state of the fluid is judged according to the pressure difference or the accumulation of the pressure difference change, so that the result is more accurate, and the problem of error increase caused by aging due to the running time problem is solved.
Preferably, if the pressure of the preceding period is P1 and the pressure of the adjacent following period is P2, if P1< P2, the controller controls the electric heater to stop heating when the threshold value is lower; if P1 is more than P2, the controller controls the electric heater to heat when the temperature is lower than the threshold value.
The current electric heater is determined to be in a heating state or a non-heating state through sequential pressure size judgment, so that the running state of the electric heater is determined according to different conditions.
Preferably, if the pressure of the preceding period is P1, the pressure of the adjacent succeeding period is P2, and if P1 is P2, heating is judged according to the following:
if the pressure P1 is greater than the pressure of the first data, the controller controls the electric heater to stop heating when the pressure P is lower than the threshold value; wherein the first data is greater than the pressure of the phase change fluid after the phase change; preferably the first data is a pressure at which the phase change fluid is substantially phase-changed;
if P1 is less than or equal to the pressure of the second data, which is less than or equal to the pressure at which the phase change fluid does not undergo the phase change, then below the threshold, the controller controls the electric heater to continue heating.
The first data is pressure data in a fully heated state, and the second data is pressure data in the absence of heating or in the beginning of heating. The judgment of the pressure is also used for determining whether the current electric heater is in a heating state or a non-heating state, so that the operation state of the electric heater is determined according to different conditions.
Preferably, the pressure sensing element is arranged within the first header tank 2 and/or the second header tank 8.
Preferably, the pressure sensing elements are disposed within the first and second header tanks 2 and 8. The average of the pressures of the two headers can be selected as regulating data.
Preferably, the pressure sensing element is disposed at the free end. Through setting up at the free end, can perceive the pressure variation of free end to realize better control and regulation.
Preferably, the number of the pressure sensing elements is n, and the pressure P in the current time period is calculated in sequenceiPressure Q of the preceding periodi-1Difference D ofi＝Pi-Qi-1And for n pressure differences DiPerforming arithmetic cumulative summation
When the value of Y is lower than a set threshold value, the controller controls the electric heater to stop heating or continue heating.
Preferably, when Y is more than 0 and is lower than the threshold value, the controller controls the electric heater to stop heating; if Y is less than 0, the controller controls the electric heater to heat when the Y is lower than the threshold value.
The current electric heater is determined to be in a heating state or a non-heating state through sequential pressure size judgment, so that the running state of the electric heater is determined according to different conditions.
Preferably, if Y is 0, heating is judged according to the following:
if P isiIf the arithmetic mean of the first data is larger than the pressure of the first data, the controller controls the electric heater to stop heating when the arithmetic mean of the first data is lower than the threshold; wherein the first data is greater than the pressure of the phase change fluid after the phase change; preferably the pressure at which the phase change fluid substantially changes phase;
if P isiIs less than the pressure of the second data, the controller controls the electric heater to continue heating when the second data is less than or equal to the pressure at which the phase change of the phase-change fluid does not occur.
The first data is pressure data in a fully heated state, and the second data is pressure data in the absence of heating or in the beginning of heating. The judgment of the pressure is also used for determining whether the current electric heater is in a heating state or a non-heating state, so that the operation state of the electric heater is determined according to different conditions.
Preferably, the period of time for measuring the pressure is 1 to 10 minutes, preferably 3 to 6 minutes, and further preferably 4 minutes.
Preferably, the threshold is 100-1000pa, preferably 500 pa.
Preferably, the pressure value may be an average pressure value over a period of the time period. The pressure at a certain moment in time may also be used. For example, preferably both are pressures at the end of the time period.
Independently adjusting vibration based on temperature
Preferably, a temperature sensing element is arranged in the electric heating device and used for detecting the temperature in the electric heating device, the temperature sensing element is in data connection with the controller, the controller extracts temperature data according to a time sequence, the temperature difference or the accumulation of the temperature difference change is obtained through the comparison of the temperature data of adjacent time periods, and when the temperature difference or the accumulation of the temperature difference change is lower than a threshold value, the controller controls the electric heater to stop heating or continue heating.
The temperature difference or the accumulated temperature difference of the previous time period and the later time period detected by the temperature sensing element can be used for judging that the evaporation of the fluid inside is basically saturated and the volume of the fluid inside is not changed greatly. So that the fluid undergoes volume reduction to thereby realize vibration. When the temperature difference is reduced to a certain degree, the internal fluid starts to enter a stable state again, and the fluid needs to be heated to evaporate and expand again, so that the electric heater needs to be started for heating.
The stable state of the fluid is judged according to the temperature difference or the accumulation of the temperature difference change, so that the result is more accurate, and the problem of error increase caused by aging due to the problem of operation time is solved.
Preferably, if the temperature of the preceding period is T1 and the temperature of the adjacent succeeding period is T2, the controller controls the electric heater to stop heating if T1 < T2, which is lower than the threshold value; if T1 is greater than T2, the controller controls the electric heater to heat when the temperature is lower than the threshold value.
The current electric heater is determined to be in a heating state or a non-heating state through sequential temperature size judgment, so that the running state of the electric heater is determined according to different conditions.
Preferably, if the temperature of the preceding period is T1, the temperature of the adjacent succeeding period is T2, and if T1 is T2, heating is judged according to the following:
if T1 is greater than the temperature of the first data, the controller controls the electric heater to stop heating when the temperature is lower than the threshold value; wherein the first data is greater than the temperature of the phase change fluid after the phase change; preferably the first data is a temperature at which the phase change fluid substantially changes phase;
if T1 is less than or equal to the temperature of the second data, which is less than or equal to the temperature at which no phase change of the phase-change fluid occurs, below the threshold, the controller controls the electric heater to continue heating.
The first data is temperature data of a sufficiently heated state, and the second data is temperature data of no heating or temperature data of the beginning of heating. The judgment of the temperature is also used for determining whether the current electric heater is in a heating state or a non-heating state, so that the operation state of the electric heater is determined according to different conditions.
Preferably, the temperature sensing element is disposed at an upper end inside the first header and/or the second header.
Preferably, the temperature sensing element is disposed at an upper end inside the first and second header tanks.
Preferably, the temperature sensing element is disposed at the free end. Through setting up at the free end, can perceive the temperature variation of free end to realize better control and regulation.
Preferably, the number of the temperature sensing elements is n, and the temperature T in the current time period is calculated in sequenceiTemperature Q of the preceding time periodi-1Difference D ofi＝Ti-Qi-1，And for n temperature differences DiPerforming arithmetic cumulative summation
When the value of Y is lower than a set threshold value, the controller controls the electric heater to stop heating or continue heating.
Preferably, when Y is more than 0 and is lower than the threshold value, the controller controls the electric heater to stop heating; if Y is less than 0, the controller controls the electric heater to heat when the Y is lower than the threshold value.
The current electric heater is determined to be in a heating state or a non-heating state through sequential temperature size judgment, so that the running state of the electric heater is determined according to different conditions.
Preferably, if Y is 0, heating is judged according to the following:
if T isiIf the arithmetic mean of the first data is higher than the temperature of the first data, the controller controls the electric heater to stop heating when the arithmetic mean of the first data is lower than the threshold; wherein the first data is greater than the temperature of the phase change fluid after the phase change; preferably the temperature at which the phase change fluid substantially changes phase;
if T isiIs less than a temperature of a second data less than or equal to a temperature at which no phase change of the phase change fluid occurs, the controller controls the electric heater to continue heating when the temperature is below a threshold value.
The first data is temperature data of a sufficiently heated state, and the second data is temperature data of no heating or temperature data of the beginning of heating. The judgment of the temperature is also used for determining whether the current electric heater is in a heating state or a non-heating state, so that the operation state of the electric heater is determined according to different conditions.
Preferably, the period of time for measuring the temperature is 1 to 10 minutes, preferably 3 to 6 minutes, and further preferably 4 minutes.
Preferably, the threshold is 1-10 degrees Celsius, preferably 4 degrees Celsius.
Preferably, the temperature value may be an average temperature value over a period of the time period. The temperature at a certain moment in time may also be used. For example, preferably both are temperatures at the end of the time period.
Thirdly, automatically adjusting vibration based on liquid level
Preferably, a liquid level sensing element is arranged in the first pipe box and used for detecting the liquid level of the fluid in the first pipe box, the liquid level sensing element is in data connection with the controller, the controller extracts liquid level data according to a time sequence, the liquid level difference or the accumulation of the change of the liquid level difference is obtained through comparison of liquid level data of adjacent time periods, and when the liquid level difference or the accumulation of the change of the liquid level difference is lower than a threshold value, the controller controls the electric heater to stop heating or continue heating.
Through the liquid level difference of the front time and the back time or the accumulated liquid level difference detected by the liquid level sensing element, the evaporation of the internal fluid can be judged to be basically saturated through the liquid level difference, and the volume of the internal fluid is basically not changed greatly. So that the fluid undergoes volume reduction to thereby realize vibration. When the liquid level difference rises to a certain degree, the internal fluid starts to enter a stable state again, and at the moment, the fluid needs to be heated so as to be evaporated and expanded again, so that the electric heater needs to be started for heating.
The stable state of the fluid is judged according to the liquid level difference or the accumulation of the change of the liquid level difference, so that the result is more accurate, and the problem of error increase caused by aging due to the problem of operation time is solved.
Preferably, if the liquid level of the previous period is L1, and the liquid level of the adjacent subsequent period is L2, if L1 > L2, the controller controls the electric heater to stop heating when the threshold value is lower; if L1 < L2, the controller controls the electric heater to heat when the threshold value is lower.
The current electric heater is determined to be in a heating state or a non-heating state through the sequential liquid level judgment, so that the running state of the electric heater is determined according to different conditions.
Preferably, if the liquid level of the preceding period is L1, the liquid level of the adjacent succeeding period is L2, and if L1 is L2, heating is judged according to the following:
if the L1 is less than the liquid level of the first data or the L1 is 0, the controller controls the electric heater to stop heating when the L1 is less than the threshold value; wherein the first data is greater than the liquid level of the phase-change fluid after the phase change; preferably the first data is a level at which the phase change fluid is substantially phase changed;
if L1 is greater than or equal to a level at which no phase change of the phase change fluid occurs, the controller controls the electric heater to continue heating below the threshold value.
The first data is liquid level data of a fully heated state, including liquid level of dry-out, and the second data is liquid level data of no heating or heating beginning. Through the judgment of the liquid level, whether the current electric heater is in a heating state or a non-heating state is also determined, so that the operation state of the electric heater is determined according to different conditions.
Preferably, the number of the liquid level sensing elements is n, and the liquid level L in the current time period is calculated in sequenceiAnd the liquid level Q of the previous time periodi-1Difference D ofi＝Li-Qi-1And for n liquid level differences DiPerforming arithmetic cumulative summation
When the value of Y is lower than a set threshold value, the controller controls the electric heater to stop heating or continue heating.
Preferably, when Y is more than 0 and is lower than the threshold value, the controller controls the electric heater to stop heating; if Y is less than 0, the controller controls the electric heater to heat when the Y is lower than the threshold value.
The current electric heater is determined to be in a heating state or a non-heating state through the sequential liquid level judgment, so that the running state of the electric heater is determined according to different conditions.
Preferably, if Y is 0, heating is judged according to the following:
if L isiIf the arithmetic mean of the first data is less than the liquid level of the first data or 0, the controller controls the electric heater to stop heating when the arithmetic mean of the first data is less than the threshold value; wherein the first data is greater than the liquid level of the phase-change fluid after the phase change; preferably a liquid in which the phase change fluid is substantially phase-changedA bit;
if L isiIs greater than the level of the second data, and is less than the threshold value, the controller controls the electric heater to continue heating, wherein the second data is less than or equal to the level at which the phase change fluid does not undergo a phase change.
The first data is liquid level data of a fully heated state, including liquid level of dry-out, and the second data is liquid level data of no heating or heating beginning. Through the judgment of the liquid level, whether the current electric heater is in a heating state or a non-heating state is also determined, so that the operation state of the electric heater is determined according to different conditions.
Preferably, the period of time for which the measurement is also made is 1 to 10 minutes, preferably 3 to 6 minutes, and further preferably 4 minutes.
Preferably, the threshold is 1-10m, preferably 4 mm.
Preferably, the water level value may be an average water level value over a period of the time period. The water position at a certain moment in time may also be used. Such as preferably both water levels at the end of the time period.
Fourthly, automatically adjusting vibration based on speed
Preferably, a speed sensing element is arranged in the free end of the tube bundle and used for detecting the flow speed of the fluid in the free end of the tube bundle, the speed sensing element is in data connection with the controller, the controller extracts speed data according to a time sequence, the speed difference or the accumulation of the speed difference change is obtained through comparison of the speed data of adjacent time periods, and when the speed difference or the accumulation of the speed difference is lower than a threshold value, the controller controls the electric heater to stop heating or continue heating.
The difference in time velocity or the cumulative velocity difference before and after detection by the velocity sensing element can be used to determine that the evaporation of the fluid inside has substantially reached saturation and that the volume of the fluid inside has not substantially changed, in which case the fluid inside is relatively stable and the tube bundle is less vibratile, and therefore needs to be adjusted to vibrate and stop heating. So that the fluid undergoes volume reduction to thereby realize vibration. When the speed difference is reduced to a certain degree, the internal fluid starts to enter a stable state again, and the fluid needs to be heated to evaporate and expand again, so that the electric heater needs to be started for heating.
The stable state of the fluid is judged according to the speed difference or the accumulation of the speed difference change, so that the result is more accurate, and the problem of error increase caused by aging due to the running time problem is solved.
Preferably, if the speed of the previous time period is V1, the speed of the adjacent following time period is V2, and if V1 < V2, the controller controls the electric heater to stop heating when it is lower than the threshold value; if V1 is more than V2, the controller controls the electric heater to heat when the threshold value is lower.
The current electric heater is determined to be in a heating state or a non-heating state through the judgment of the speed, so that the running state of the electric heater is determined according to different conditions.
Preferably, if the speed of the preceding time period is V1, the speed of the adjacent succeeding time period is V2, and if V1 is equal to V2, heating is judged according to the following:
if the V1 is greater than the speed of the first data, the controller controls the electric heater to stop heating when the V1 is lower than the threshold value; wherein the first data is greater than the speed of the phase change fluid after the phase change; preferably the first data is the speed at which the phase change fluid is substantially phase changed;
below the threshold, the controller controls the electric heater to continue heating if V1 is less than or equal to the velocity of the second data, which is less than or equal to the velocity at which no phase change of the phase-change fluid occurs.
The first data is speed data of a sufficiently heated state, and the second data is speed data of no heating or heating just started. The judgment of the speed is also used for determining whether the current electric heater is in a heating state or a non-heating state, so that the operation state of the electric heater is determined according to different conditions.
Preferably, the number of the speed sensing elements is n, and the speed V of the current time period is calculated in sequenceiAnd the previous time speed Qi-1Difference D ofi＝Vi-Qi-1，And for n speed differences DiPerforming arithmetic cumulative summation
When the value of Y is lower than a set threshold value, the controller controls the electric heater to stop heating or continue heating.
Preferably, when Y is more than 0 and is lower than the threshold value, the controller controls the electric heater to stop heating; if Y is less than 0, the controller controls the electric heater to heat when the Y is lower than the threshold value.
The current electric heater is determined to be in a heating state or a non-heating state through the judgment of the speed, so that the running state of the electric heater is determined according to different conditions.
Preferably, if Y is 0, heating is judged according to the following:
if ViIf the arithmetic mean of the first data is higher than the speed of the first data, the controller controls the electric heater to stop heating when the arithmetic mean of the first data is lower than the threshold; wherein the first data is greater than the speed of the phase change fluid after the phase change; preferably the rate at which the phase change fluid changes phase substantially;
if ViIs less than a speed of a second data, which is less than or equal to a speed at which no phase change of the phase-change fluid occurs, below the threshold value.
The first data is speed data of a sufficiently heated state, and the second data is speed data of no heating or heating just started. The judgment of the speed is also used for determining whether the current electric heater is in a heating state or a non-heating state, so that the operation state of the electric heater is determined according to different conditions.
Preferably, the period of time for measuring the speed is 1 to 10 minutes, preferably 3 to 6 minutes, and further preferably 4 minutes.
Preferably, the threshold is 1-3m/s, preferably 2 m/s.
Preferably, the speed value may be an average pressure value over a period of the time period. The speed at a certain moment in time may also be used. For example, preferably both are speeds at the end of the time period.
Alternatively, the steam chamber is internally provided with a medicine which is soaked in water, and when the steam chamber is used, the heat pipe heats water in the steam chamber, and the water heats the medicine, so that the liquid medicine is generated in the steam chamber. The evaporator is a liquid medicine fumigation-washing evaporator.
As another option, the steam boiler further comprises a liquid medicine evaporation box, the liquid medicine evaporation box is communicated with the steam chamber through a pipeline, an atomizer is arranged in the liquid medicine evaporation box, and the steam outlet 6 is arranged at the upper part of the liquid medicine evaporation box.
The generated liquid medicine enters the liquid medicine evaporation tank through a pipeline, is atomized in the liquid medicine evaporation tank and is discharged through the steam outlet. The vapor outlet may be discharged directly against the patient's diseased site for treatment.
Preferably, the pipe diameter of the first pipe box 2 is smaller than that of the second pipe box 8, and the pipe diameter of the first pipe box 2 is 0.50.8 times of that of the second pipe box 8. Through the pipe diameter change of first pipe case and second pipe case, can guarantee that the fluid carries out the phase transition and in the time weak point of first steam chamber, get into the coil pipe fast, fully get into second steam chamber heat transfer.
Preferably, the connection position 9 of the coil pipe at the first header is lower than the connection position of the second header and the coil pipe. This ensures that steam can rapidly enter the second header upwards.
Preferably, the first and second headers are provided with return lines at their bottoms to ensure that condensed fluid in the second header can enter the first line.
Preferably, the first and second headers are arranged in a height direction, the coil pipe is provided in plural numbers in the height direction of the first header, and a pipe diameter of the coil pipe is gradually reduced from top to bottom.
Preferably, the pipe diameter of the coil pipe is gradually decreased and gradually increased along the direction from the top to the bottom of the first pipe box.
The pipe diameter range through the coil pipe increases, can guarantee that more steam passes through upper portion entering second steam chamber, guarantees that the distribution of steam is even in all coil pipes, further strengthens heat transfer effect for whole vibration effect is even, and heat transfer effect increases, further improves heat transfer effect and scale removal effect. Experiments show that better heat exchange effect and descaling effect can be achieved by adopting the structural design.
Preferably, the plurality of coils are arranged along the height direction of the first tube box, and the distance between the adjacent coils is increased from the top to the bottom.
Preferably, the distance between the coils increases along the height direction of the first header.
The interval range through the coil pipe increases, can guarantee that more steam passes through upper portion entering second steam chamber, guarantees that the distribution of steam is even in all coil pipes, further strengthens heat transfer effect for whole vibration effect is even, and heat transfer effect increases, further improves heat transfer effect and scale removal effect. Experiments show that better heat exchange effect and descaling effect can be achieved by adopting the structural design.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 5, the steam chamber is a circular steam chamber in cross section, and a plurality of electric heating means are provided in the steam chamber.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 5, a plurality of electrical heating means are provided in the vapor chamber, one of which is provided in the center of the vapor chamber as a central electrical heating means, and the others are distributed around the center of the vapor chamber as peripheral electrical heating means. Through such structural design, can be so that the fluid fully reaches the vibration purpose in the steam chamber, improve the heat transfer effect.
Preferably, the heating power of the single peripheral electric heating means is smaller than the heating power of the central electric heating means. Through the design, the center reaches higher vibration frequency to form a central vibration source, so that the periphery is influenced, and better heat transfer enhancement and descaling effects are achieved.
Preferably, on the same horizontal heat exchange section, the fluid needs to achieve uniform vibration, and uneven heat exchange distribution is avoided. It is therefore necessary to distribute the amount of heating power among the different electric heating devices reasonably. Through experiments, the heating power ratio of the central electric heating device to the peripheral tube bundle electric heating device is related to two key factors, wherein one of the two key factors is the distance between the peripheral electric heating device and the center of the steam chamber (namely the distance between the circle center of the peripheral electric heating device and the circle center of the central electric heating device) and the diameter of the steam chamber. Therefore, the invention optimizes the optimal proportional distribution of the pulsating flow according to a large number of numerical simulations and experiments.
Preferably, the radius of the inner wall of the steam chamber is B, the center of the central electric heating device is arranged at the center of the circular cross section of the steam chamber, the distance from the center of the peripheral electric heating device to the center of the circular cross section of the steam chamber is S, the centers of adjacent peripheral electric heating devices are respectively connected with the center of the circular cross section, the included angle formed by the two connecting lines is a, the heating power of the peripheral electric heating device is W2, and the heating power of a single central electric heating device is W1, so that the following requirements are met:
W1/W2 ═ a-B ═ Ln (B/S); ln is a logarithmic function;
a, b are coefficients, wherein 1.9819 < a < 1.9823, 0.5258 < b < 0.5264;
1.25＜B/S＜2.1；
1.6＜W1/W2＜1.9。
wherein 35 DEG < A < 80 deg.
Preferably, the number of the four-side distribution is 4-5.
Preferably, B is 1600-2400 mm, preferably 2000 mm; s is 1200-2000 mm, preferably 1700 mm; the diameter of the heat exchange tube is 12-20 mm, preferably 16 mm; the outermost diameter of the pulsating coil is 300-. The diameter of the riser is 100-116 mm, preferably 108 mm, the height of the first header and the second header is 1.8-2.2 m, preferably 2m, and the distance between adjacent pulse tubes is 65-100 mm. Preferably around 80 mm.
The total heating power is preferably 6000-14000W, and more preferably 7500W.
More preferably, a is 1.9821 and b is 0.5261.
The steam outlet is arranged at the middle position of the upper wall of the steam chamber.
Preferably, the steam chamber is of circular cross-section and is provided with a plurality of electrical heating means, one of which is provided at the centre of the circular cross-section and the other of which forms electrical heating means distributed around the centre of the circular cross-section.
The coils 1 are in one or more groups, each group of coils 1 comprises a plurality of circular arc-shaped tube bundles 12, the central lines of the circular arc-shaped tube bundles 12 are circular arcs of concentric circles, and the ends of the adjacent tube bundles 12 are communicated, so that the ends of the coils 1 form tube bundle free ends 3, 4, such as the free ends 3, 4 in fig. 2.
Preferably, the heating fluid is a vapor-liquid phase-change fluid.
Preferably, the first header 2, the second header 8, and the coil 1 are all of a circular tube structure.
Preferably, the tube bundle of the coil 1 is an elastic tube bundle.
The heat exchange coefficient can be further improved by arranging the tube bundle of the coil 1 with an elastic tube bundle.
Preferably, the concentric circles are circles centered on the center of the first header 2. I.e. the tube bundle 12 of the coil 1 is arranged around the centre line of the first tube box 2.
As shown in fig. 4, the tube bundle 12 is not a complete circle, but rather leaves a mouth, thereby forming the free end of the tube bundle. The angle of the arc of the mouth part is 65-85 degrees, namely the sum of included angles b and c in figure 4 is 65-85 degrees.
Preferably, the ends of the tube bundle on the same side are aligned in the same plane, with the extension of the ends (or the plane in which the ends lie) passing through the median line of the first tube box 2.
Further preferably, the electric heater 13 is an electric heating rod.
Preferably, the first end of the inner tube bundle of the coil 1 is connected to the first tube box 2, the second end is connected to one end of the adjacent outer tube bundle, one end of the outermost tube bundle of the coil 1 is connected to the second tube box 8, and the ends of the adjacent tube bundles are connected to form a serial structure.
The plane in which the first end is located forms an angle c of 40-50 degrees with the plane in which the centre lines of the first and second headers 2, 8 are located.
The plane of the second end forms an angle b of 25-35 degrees with the plane of the centre lines of the first and second headers 2, 8.
Through the design of the preferable included angle, the vibration of the free end is optimal, and therefore the heating efficiency is optimal.
As shown in fig. 4, there are 4 tube bundles of coil 1, with tube bundles A, B, C, D in communication. Of course, the number is not limited to four, and a plurality of the connecting structures are the same as that in fig. 4.
The number of the coil pipes 1 is multiple, and the plurality of coil pipes 1 are respectively and independently connected with the first pipe box 2 and the second pipe box 8, that is, the plurality of coil pipes 1 are in a parallel structure.
Preferably, the electric heater is provided in a plurality of stages in the height direction, each stage is independently controlled, and the electric heater is sequentially activated from the lower end in the height direction until all the stages are activated as time passes.
Preferably, the heating power is the same for each section. The electric heater is started from the lower part upwards gradually, so that the fluid at the lower part is fully heated, a good natural convection is formed, the flow of the fluid is further promoted, and the elastic vibration effect is increased. Through the change of the heating power with time variability, the fluid can be frequently evaporated, expanded and contracted in the elastic tube bundle, so that the vibration of the elastic tube bundle is continuously driven, and the heating efficiency and the descaling operation can be further realized.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it is not limited thereto. Various changes and modifications may be effected therein by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. A steam boiler based on pressure difference control comprises an electric heating device and a steam chamber, wherein the electric heating device is arranged in the steam chamber, the steam chamber comprises a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe, the electric heating device comprises a first pipe box, a second pipe box and a coil pipe, the coil pipe is communicated with the first pipe box and the second pipe box to form closed circulation of heating fluid, and an electric heater is arranged in the first pipe box; filling phase-change fluid in the first channel; the number of the coil pipes is one or more, each coil pipe comprises a plurality of arc-shaped pipe bundles, the central lines of the arc-shaped pipe bundles are arcs taking the first pipe box as a concentric circle, and the end parts of the adjacent pipe bundles are communicated, so that the end parts of the pipe bundles form free ends of the pipe bundles; the electric heating device is characterized in that a pressure sensing element is arranged in the electric heating device and used for detecting the pressure in the electric heating device, the pressure sensing element is in data connection with a controller, the controller extracts pressure data according to a time sequence, the pressure difference or the accumulation of the pressure difference change is obtained through the comparison of the pressure data of adjacent time periods, and when the pressure difference or the accumulation of the pressure difference change is lower than a threshold value, the controller controls the electric heater to stop heating or continue heating; if the pressure of the preceding time period is P1 and the pressure of the adjacent following time period is P2, if P1 is P2, heating is judged according to the following:
if the pressure P1 is greater than the pressure of the first data, the controller controls the electric heater to stop heating when the pressure P is lower than the threshold value; wherein the first data is greater than the pressure of the phase change fluid after the phase change; preferably the pressure at which the phase change fluid substantially changes phase;
if P1 is less than the pressure of the second data, which is less than or equal to the pressure at which no phase change of the phase-change fluid occurs, then below the threshold, the controller controls the electric heater to continue heating.
2. A steam boiler according to claim 1, wherein if the pressure of the preceding period is P1 and the pressure of the adjacent succeeding period is P2, the controller controls the electric heater to stop heating if P1< P2, which is lower than the threshold value; if P1> P2, the controller controls the electric heater to heat when the threshold value is lower.
3. A steam boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that the pressure sensing element is arranged in the first tube box and/or the second tube box.
4. A steam boiler according to claim 3, characterized in that the pressure sensing element is arranged in the first tube box and the second tube box.
5. A steam boiler according to claim 4,
the number of the pressure sensing elements is n, and the pressure P of the current time period is calculated in sequenceiWith a previous time pressure Qi-1Difference D ofi＝Pi-Qi-1And for n pressure differences DiPerforming arithmetic cumulative summation
When the value of Y is lower than a set threshold value, the controller controls the electric heater to stop heating or continue heating.
6. A steam boiler according to claim 4, wherein Y >0, below the threshold, the controller controls the electric heater to stop heating; if Y <0, then lower than the threshold, the controller controls the electric heater to heat.
7. A steam boiler according to claim 5, characterized in that if Y is 0, heating is judged according to the following:
if P isiIf the arithmetic mean of the first data is larger than the pressure of the first data, the controller controls the electric heater to stop heating when the arithmetic mean of the first data is lower than the threshold; wherein the first data is greater than the pressure of the phase change fluid after the phase change; preferably the pressure at which the phase change fluid substantially changes phase;
if P isiIs less than the pressure of the second data, the controller controls the electric heater to continue heating when the second data is less than or equal to the pressure at which the phase change of the phase-change fluid does not occur.
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