JP4927966B2 - Brake torque measuring device - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a pad member whose both ends in the rotation direction of the brake rotor are supported by a torque receiving portion of a caliper, an actuator that operates orthogonally to the rotation surface of the brake rotor, and a brake device that performs braking by pressing the pad member against the brake rotor by the actuator. In particular, the present invention relates to a brake torque measuring device that detects a braking torque of a pad member in a rotation direction of a brake rotor.

  2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, in a disc brake device used in a vehicle, it is widely performed to detect a brake torque during actual traveling for fine and accurate brake control. Such detection of brake torque during actual traveling is indispensable for acquiring control data when performing ABS control or the like that can be stopped safely at a short distance, for example. Therefore, a measuring device has been developed that detects a brake torque by providing a load cell at a receiving portion of a caliper bracket that receives a pad member or attaching a strain gauge. However, in these measuring devices, the measuring device itself is large, and the axial distance of the brake device tends to be large. Therefore, a brake force detection device has been proposed that can reduce the size of the device and prevent the caliper bracket from generating unnecessary distortion (see Patent Document 1 below).

JP 2008-248902 A (refer to the gazette abstract)

  The brake force detection device disclosed in Patent Document 1 will be described with reference to FIG. 15. A circumferential end portion of the pad back plate 118 includes a circumferential end portion and a brake load receiving portion 108 a of the caliper bracket 108. The contact portion of 108 b is located on the radially outer side of the brake disc 102 with respect to the tangent line 172 passing through the pressing center of the arc 170 passing through the pressing center 124 a of the piston centering on the rotation center of the brake disc (rotor) 102. Thus, the projections 166 and 164 are provided. With such a configuration, when a brake torque is generated in the forward direction, a moment is generated in which the opposite side in the circumferential direction of the pad back plate 118 is directed outward in the radial direction with respect to the tangential line 172 as a fulcrum in the radial direction. Is prevented.

  As a result, there is no distortion of the caliper bracket 108 caused by pushing the turn-in side brake load receiving portion 108b of the caliper bracket 108 by the moment, and it is caused by the bending of the return side brake load receiving portion 108a of the caliper bracket 108. Since distortion can be detected, linear distortion characteristics can be obtained, and the detection accuracy of the braking force can be improved.

  However, in the conventional braking force detection device, since the strain gauge 148 is attached to the turning-in brake load receiving portion 108b of the caliper bracket 108, the actuator is used while the braking force is generated during traveling. There is a problem that a resistance is generated between a certain piston 124 and a portion in contact with the pad, and hysteresis is generated when pressurizing / depressurizing the actuator. In addition, since the strain gauge 148 is disposed on the turn-in side brake load receiving portion 108b of the caliper bracket 108, in the case of another vehicle evaluation or replacement of the brake assembly, a large amount of re-attachment of the strain gauge to the caliper bracket or the like is required. Preparation, time and costs were incurred, and it was not efficient.

Therefore, in the present invention, various problems in the conventional braking force detection device can be solved, and a torque sensor can be easily arranged, which is low-cost, compact and excellent in assembling workability, and can reduce the temperature of the sensor section. Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a brake torque measuring device that can stabilize detection input / output and reduce hysteresis, and can easily detect a braking force even in another vehicle.

  Therefore, the present invention performs braking by pressing the pad member against the brake rotor by the pad member whose both ends in the rotation direction of the brake rotor are supported by the torque receiving portion of the caliper, the actuator that operates orthogonally to the rotation surface of the brake rotor, and the actuator. In the brake device, a torque sensor for detecting a braking torque in the rotation direction of the brake rotor in the pad member is disposed in a long hole formed in an end portion which is at least an outlet side of the pad member at the time of forward rotation. And In the invention, it is preferable that the hole is a long hole including a flat surface. Further, the present invention is characterized in that the long hole is formed in a sensor plate interposed between a pad and an actuator in a pad member. In the invention, it is preferable that the torque sensor is attached on a flat surface of the long hole on the side of the torque receiving portion of the caliper. According to the present invention, the end of the pad member with respect to the torque receiving portion of the caliper is formed in an arc shape or a spherical shape. According to the present invention, an operation plate that is pressed against the actuator by disposing a needle bearing or a ball bearing between the pad member and the actuator is disposed, and the operation plate is a spring that can be restored in the rotation direction of the brake rotor. It is characterized by being configured to be energized, and these are used as means for solving the problem.

  According to the present invention, braking is performed by pressing the pad member against the brake rotor by the pad member whose both ends in the rotation direction of the brake rotor are supported by the torque receiving portion of the caliper, the actuator that operates orthogonally to the rotation surface of the brake rotor, and the actuator. In the brake device, a torque sensor that detects a braking torque of the pad member in the rotation direction of the brake rotor is disposed in a hole formed in an end portion that is at least an outlet side of the pad member during forward rotation. Torque sensor can be installed at low cost, and it is compact and excellent in assembly work. Cooling air can be used to reduce the temperature of the sensor part, the torque sensor is held stably, and the resistance when releasing the brake is reduced. This makes it possible to stabilize detection input / output and reduce hysteresis, making it possible to reduce brake torque for each pad. Of the upper is measurable, it is possible to be easily the braking force detected by another vehicle in replacement of the pad members only.

  Further, when the hole is a long hole including a flat surface, it is possible to further stabilize the holding of the torque sensor, further stabilize the detection input / output, and reduce hysteresis. Further, when the long hole is formed in a sensor plate interposed between the pad and the actuator in the pad member, a sensor arrangement structure may be applied to the sensor plate configured by a member separate from the pad. This can be combined with a more versatile pad having a simpler structure, and a torque measuring device with lower cost can be obtained. Furthermore, when the torque sensor is affixed to the flat surface of the caliper in the elongated hole on the side of the torque receiver, the torque sensor can be easily and reliably affixed, the bonding position is stable, and linear displacement is achieved. The measurement accuracy is improved by measuring the quantity.

  Further, when the end portion of the pad member with respect to the torque receiving portion of the caliper is formed in an arc shape or a spherical shape, the contact resistance with respect to the torque receiving portion of the caliper of the pad member such as a sensor plate can be reduced to reduce the contact resistance. Thus, it is possible to reduce hysteresis due to pressurizing / depressurizing the pad member by the actuator. Furthermore, an operation plate that is pressed against the actuator is disposed between the pad member and the actuator via a needle bearing or a ball bearing, and the operation plate is spring-biased so as to be restored in the direction of rotation of the brake rotor. Configured, the resistance at the contact surface between the actuator and the actuating plate is reduced, and it is possible to further reduce hysteresis due to pressurization / decompression of the pad member by the actuator, with higher accuracy. The brake torque is detected.

It is a principal part perspective view before and behind the attachment or detachment of the actuator which shows 1st Example of the brake torque measuring apparatus of this invention. It is a pad member and the principal part expansion perspective view similarly. It is a pad member and the exploded perspective view showing the 2nd example of the brake torque measuring device of the present invention. It is explanatory drawing of the principle structure of the detection part of the brake torque measuring apparatus of this invention. It is a relational comparison figure of the load-distortion amount of the brake torque measuring device of the present invention and the conventional one. 1 is an overall perspective view of a brake torque measuring device according to the present invention. It is a disassembled perspective view of the pad member which shows 3rd Example of the brake torque measuring apparatus of this invention. FIG. 3 is an assembled perspective view of the pad member. FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view of the pad member with an operation plate removed. It is a disassembled perspective view including what showed the back side of the action | operation plate. FIG. 3 is an enlarged perspective view of the vicinity of a long hole in which a torque sensor is disposed. It is each perspective view which shows the mounting example from which the sensor plate in a pad member differs in the same. It is a disassembled perspective view of the state which removed the action | operation plate which shows 4th Example of the brake torque measuring apparatus of this invention. It is explanatory drawing of the hysteresis by the torque-voltage of 1st, 2nd Example and 3rd, 4th Example of the brake torque measuring apparatus of this invention. It is explanatory drawing of the conventional brake force detection apparatus.

  DESCRIPTION OF EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, preferred embodiments for implementing a brake torque measuring device of the invention will be described with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIG. 1, the brake torque measuring device according to the present invention has a pad member 1 in which both ends 1 </ b> A and 1 </ b> B in the rotating direction of the brake rotor B are supported by torque receiving portions 10 </ b> A and 10 </ b> B of a support 10. In the brake device that performs braking by pressing the pad member 1 against the brake rotor B by the actuator 11 that operates orthogonally to the rotation surface of the brake rotor B, the braking torque of the pad member 1 in the rotation direction of the brake rotor B is detected. The torque sensor 6 is disposed in the long hole 4 formed in the end portion 1A which is at least the outlet side of the pad member 1 during normal rotation.

FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 are a perspective view of main parts before and after attachment / detachment of an actuator showing a first embodiment of the brake torque measuring device of the present invention, a pad member thereof, and an enlarged perspective view of main parts thereof. In FIG. 1A, the pad member 1 is mounted with both end portions 1 </ b> A and 1 </ b> B in the rotation direction of the brake rotor B supported by the torque receiving portions 10 </ b> A and 10 </ b> B of the support 10. A torque sensor 6 for detecting a braking torque in the rotation direction of the brake rotor B in the pad member 1 is disposed in a long hole 4 formed in an end portion 1A on the outlet side of the pad member 1 at the time of forward rotation (arrow). Established. Reference numeral 7 denotes a sensor cable which converts the amount of distortion detected by the torque sensor 6 into an electrical signal and takes it out. The torque sensor 6 is disposed at least on the end 1A side that is the exit side during forward rotation, but is also disposed on the end 1B side that is the exit side during reverse rotation (corresponding to the inlet side during forward rotation). It's okay.

  An actuator 11 (FIG. 1B) that operates orthogonally to the rotation surface of the brake rotor B is attached by pins 27, caliper arm portions 26, and the like that are provided at both ends of the support 10. The actuator 11 is preferably a hydraulic piston, but an electromagnetically advancing / retreating piston, a pneumatic piston, or the like may be employed. As will be described later with reference to FIG. 2, the pad member 1 in FIG. 1A is integrally formed with the pad 2 and the sensor plate 3. Therefore, the piston 11 which is an actuator advances and retreats perpendicularly on the plate surface of the sensor plate 3 which is integrated with the pad 2 and on which the torque sensor 6 is disposed, and performs a braking operation.

  As shown in FIG. 2A, the sensor plate 3 on which the torque sensor 6 is disposed is formed integrally with the pad 2. In this embodiment, the torque sensor 6 is disposed in the long hole 4 of the sensor plate 3 integrated with the pad 2. However, in some cases, a long hole is formed at a corresponding position of the pad 2, and the long hole 4 is formed. Arranging the torque sensor 6 in the hole is not excluded. FIG. 2 (B) is an enlarged perspective view of the main part of the pad member (integrated with the sensor plate 3) 1 on the outlet side during normal rotation. In the case of the sensor plate 3, a long hole 4 is formed in the radial direction (of the brake rotor B) in the vicinity of the outlet side end portion 1 </ b> A during forward rotation of the sensor plate 3. A torque sensor (strain gauge) 6 is attached on the flat surface 4A. You may stick by adhesion | attachment etc., and you may adhere by welding etc. As the torque sensor 6, a gauge with temperature correction that is not easily changed by heat is preferably used. The sensor plate 3 configured in this way is formed integrally with the pad 2 as shown in FIG.

  Although the support torque receiving portion side of the long hole 4 is formed on the flat surface 4A, the opposite side may have any surface shape. It may be a flat surface or a curved surface such as an arc. The reason why the support torque receiving portion side of the long hole 4 is formed on the flat surface 4A will be described later. From the torque sensor 6 disposed by being stuck in the long hole 4, distortion is taken out as an electrical signal from the sensor cable 7 taken out from the cable outlet hole 5 through the through hole formed in the sensor plate 3. . The extracted electrical signal is amplified by an amplifier 23 as shown in FIG. 8, analyzed by an analysis system 24, and used as various input signals for a brake control means (not shown). As is understood from FIG. 2B, it is preferable that the support torque receiving portions 10A and 10B side end portions of the sensor plate 3 are formed in an arc shape or a spherical shape 8.

  FIG. 3 shows a second embodiment of the brake torque measuring device according to the present invention. FIG. 3 (A) is a pad member, FIG. 3 (B) is a sensor plate, and FIG. 3 (C) is an exploded perspective view of the pad member. FIG. In the second embodiment, the sensor plate 3 in which the torque sensor as shown in FIG. 3 (B) is disposed in the long hole 4 is provided on the side surface of the pad 2 as shown in FIG. 3 (C). It is positioned using, for example, three mounting alignment holes 9 that are engraved, and joined as a separate body. Three attachment alignment projections (not shown) are provided on the pad 2 side of the sensor plate 3 so as to be aligned with the three attachment alignment holes 9 in the pad 2.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of the principle structure of the detection unit of the brake torque measuring device of the present invention. FIG.
), The support torque receiving portion 10A side end portion of the sensor plate 3 is preferably formed in an arc shape or a spherical shape 8. And the torque receiving part side of the caliper in the long hole 4 near the end of the sensor plate 3 is formed on the flat surface 4A. In order to detect the brake torque (tangential force) with high accuracy, it is fundamental to eliminate the hysteresis of the distortion amount during pressurization / decompression by the actuator 11. The contact between the end portion of the sensor plate 3 and the support torque receiving portion 10A is a point contact by the point P. When the principle of strain detection is analyzed as a doubly supported beam in FIG. 4B, the portions around the long hole 4 in the sensor plate 3 are denoted as A, B, and B, respectively.

  The torque sensor 6 is affixed on the flat surface 4A on the support torque receiving part side in the long hole 4. Both end support portions B and B of the both-end supported beam shown in FIG. 4 (B) and the pressure portion A to the beam are respectively formed on B, B and A around the long hole 4 in the sensor plate 3 of FIG. 4 (A). Equivalent to. At the time of pressure braking, a braking force due to a tangential force is input via the load input portion P between the end portion of the torque sensor 3 and the support torque receiving portion 10A. 4B, when a load is applied to the point P of the load input part A, the bottom part of the beam supported by the both end support parts B and B extends in the direction of the arrow, and the maximum displacement due to the distortion occurs. Detected. In other words, by disposing the torque sensor 6 on the flat surface on the opposite side of the load input part, the displacement amount is detected linearly, and the frictional resistance is eliminated by integrating B and B as both end support parts, thereby reducing the load input part. The contact resistance is reduced by using an arc or a spherical surface.

  Thus, the hysteresis of the input / output characteristics at the time of pressurization / depressurization can be reduced by reducing the mechanical resistance at the support portion and the load input portion. FIG. 5 is a comparison diagram of the load-strain relationship between the brake torque measuring device of the present invention and the conventional one. In the conventional one, there is a large difference in the hysteresis of the input / output characteristics at the time of pressurization / decompression, whereas in the present invention, there is almost no difference in the hysteresis of the input / output characteristics at the time of pressurization / depressurization. It is understood.

  FIG. 6 is an overall perspective view of the brake torque measuring device in the opposed disc brake of the present invention. The drawing is a perspective view seen from the outer peripheral side of the brake rotor B (not shown), and it is understood that a pair of pad members 1 and 1 disposed on both sides of the brake rotor B are accommodated in the caliper 10. The In the illustrated example, a sensor plate 3 of a third embodiment described later is mounted so that the sensor plate 3 is housed in a housing recess in the pad 2.

  FIG. 7 is an exploded perspective view of a pad member showing a third embodiment of the brake torque measuring device of the present invention. In this embodiment, the sensor plate 3 is mounted in the corresponding accommodating recess 12 in the pad 1 and is spring-biased with respect to the sensor plate 3 and is slidable via the needle bearing unit. 15 is installed. Also in this embodiment, the sensor plate 3 is mounted on the pad 1 by positioning, for example, three mounting alignment holes 9 and mounting alignment protrusions formed on the back side of the sensor plate 3 (not shown).

  A retainer 14 in which a large number of needles 16 are accommodated in the needle holes 20 is mounted in the retainer accommodating recess 13 in the sensor plate 3, and the surface thereof is covered with the operation plate 15. FIG. 8 shows a state in which the needle bearing unit and the operation plate 15 are mounted on the sensor plate 3 in this manner. The detected value corresponding to the brake torque detected by the torque sensor disposed in the elongated hole 4 in the sensor plate 3 is extracted from the sensor cable 7 as an electrical signal. The extracted electrical signal is amplified by the amplifier 23, analyzed by the analysis system 24, and used as various input signals for a brake control means (not shown).

  The third embodiment will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. FIG. 9 shows a state in which a retainer 14 in which a large number of needles 16 are accommodated in the needle holes 20 is mounted in the retainer accommodating recess 13 of the sensor plate 3. A spring 18, one end of which is supported by a spring receiver 17 installed in the retainer housing recess 13 of the sensor plate 3, is seen through a hole in the substantially center of the retainer 14. The operation plate 15 is mounted from the front side of the retainer 14 in such a state. As shown in FIG. 10, two mounting protrusions 22 are provided on the upper and lower sides of the operating plate 15, and these mounting protrusions 22 are formed on the wall surface around the retainer housing recess 13 as shown in FIG. It is mounted using two upper and lower keyhole-shaped mounting grooves 21.

  After the mounting protrusion 22 of the operating plate 15 is mounted in the keyhole-shaped mounting groove 21 of the retainer housing recess 13, it is configured to be prevented from coming off by shifting in the forward rotation direction of the brake rotor B. As shown in FIG. 10C, a spring receiver 19 is provided on the back surface of the working plate 15 to support the other end of the spring 18 disposed on the sensor plate 3 side. The operating plate 15 is urged toward the forward rotation direction side of the brake rotor B by the spring urging, and the detachment of the operating plate 15 from the sensor plate 3 is also prevented. The operating plate 15 is configured to be slidable in the rotational direction of the brake rotor B with respect to the sensor plate 3 within the range of the spring force of the spring 18.

  FIG. 11 is an enlarged perspective view of the vicinity of the long hole in the vicinity of the end of the sensor plate on which the torque sensor is provided. A torque sensor 6 is affixed on the flat surface 4A on the torque receiving portion side of the caliper of the long hole 4. FIG. 11A is an example in which a strain gauge 6 as a torque sensor is attached by bonding or the like, and FIG. 11B is an example in which the strain gauge 6 is attached by welding or the like. FIG. 11C clearly shows the keyhole-shaped mounting groove 21 formed on the wall surface around the retainer housing recess 13 described with reference to FIG.

  FIG. 12 is a perspective view showing different mounting examples of the sensor plate on the pad member. FIG. 12A is a perspective view after assembly of an example in which the sensor plate 3 is mounted in the corresponding accommodating recess 12 in the pad 1 together with the needle bearing unit and the operation plate 15, and FIG. B) is a perspective view after assembly of an example in which the sensor plate 3 is joined and attached to the side surface of the pad 1 together with the needle bearing unit and the operation plate 15.

  FIG. 13 is an exploded perspective view of the brake torque measuring device according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention with the operating plate removed. The structure of this embodiment basically adopts the same structure as that of the third embodiment of FIG. 7, but the structure of the third embodiment employs the needle 16. In the third embodiment, a ball 25 is employed in place of the needle 16. In the present embodiment, the sliding of the brake plate B in the rotation direction of the brake rotor B of the working plate 15 is allowed as well as the sliding of the brake plate B of the working plate 15 in the radial direction. As a result, it is possible to further reduce the hysteresis of the input / output characteristics during pressurization / decompression between the actuator 11 and the working plate 15.

  FIG. 14 is an explanatory diagram of hysteresis due to torque-voltage in the first, second and third and fourth embodiments of the brake torque measuring device of the present invention. As described above, the torque-voltage characteristic is considerably increased in pressure. / In contrast to the first and second embodiments in which the hysteresis of the input / output characteristics during decompression is reduced, the third and fourth embodiments employing a bearing structure further provide the input / output characteristics during pressurization / decompression. It is well understood that the hysteresis is reduced.

As described above, the embodiments of the present invention have been described. However, within the scope of the present invention, the support form of the both ends of the pad member and the torque receiving portion of the caliper (the end of the pad member with respect to the torque receiving portion of the caliper is Although it is preferable to form in an arc shape or a spherical shape, if the double-supported beam configuration of FIG. 4 can be realized, the pad member side should be a flat surface and the caliper torque receiving portion side should be formed in an arc shape or a spherical shape. Actuator type (hydraulic pistons are preferred, but electromagnetically moving pistons and pneumatic pistons can also be used), torque sensor shape and type (preferably temperature resistant to temperature) Gage with compensation is used) and its mounting form (adhesion or welding) to the long hole, and the shape of the long hole (at least the torque receiver side of the caliper is a flat surface, but the opposite The drilling direction is the radial direction of the brake rotor, and the drilled part (at least the end of the caliper on the torque receiving part side that is the outlet side during normal rotation of the sensor plate) Although it is drilled in the vicinity, a long hole may be drilled on the inlet side, and a torque sensor may be provided. Plate shape and bonding (integral molding) between them or mounting form (fixing with screws etc. through mounting alignment holes and alignment projections. About the shape of the sensor plate and the concave shape of the sensor plate storage in the pad for storing it A suitable shape may be employed), a bearing unit form (needle) via an operating plate interposed between the pad member and the actuator The bearing or the ball bearing or the operating plate can be configured to be slidable with respect to the sensor plate via a low friction material or a low friction layer), and the restoring biasing form of the operating plate with respect to the sensor plate (of the sensor plate of the embodiment) In addition to the compression coil spring disposed in the substantially central portion, a leaf spring or the like may be installed on both sides of the working plate in the rotational direction of the brake rotor). In addition, the specifications described in the examples are merely examples in all respects and should not be interpreted in a limited manner.

  The brake torque measuring device of the present invention is applied to a disc brake device used in a vehicle, particularly a caliper disc brake device, but also to a caliper disc brake for a railway vehicle, a caliper disc brake for an industrial machine, etc. Applicable.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Pad member 1A Outlet side edge part 1B at the time of forward rotation Outlet side edge part at the time of reverse rotation 3 Sensor plate 4 Hole (long hole)
6 Torque sensor 7 Sensor cable 10 Support (in caliper) (Fig. 1), caliper (support, Fig. 6)
10A Support torque receiving part (forward exit side)
10B Support torque receiver (reverse exit side)
11 Actuator 26 Caliper arm 27 Pin (Bolt tightening)
B Brake rotor

Claims (6)

In the brake device that performs braking by pressing the pad member against the brake rotor by the actuator, the pad member having both ends in the rotation direction of the brake rotor supported by the torque receiving portion of the caliper, the actuator operating orthogonally to the rotation surface of the brake rotor, and the pad A brake torque measuring device, wherein a torque sensor for detecting a braking torque in a rotation direction of a brake rotor in a member is disposed in a hole formed in an end portion on at least an outlet side of the pad member during forward rotation. The brake torque measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the hole is a long hole including a flat surface. The brake torque measuring device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the elongated hole is formed in a sensor plate interposed between a pad and an actuator in the pad member. The brake torque measuring device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the torque sensor is attached to a flat surface of the long hole on the side of a torque receiving portion of a caliper. The brake torque measuring device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein an end portion of the pad member with respect to the torque receiving portion of the caliper is formed in an arc shape or a spherical shape. An operation plate that is pressed by the actuator is disposed between the pad member and the actuator via a needle bearing or ball bearing, and the operation plate is spring-biased so as to be restored in the rotation direction of the brake rotor. The brake torque measuring device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein

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