JP4925795B2 - Friction welding method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a friction welding method for joining a part set on a fixed side and a part set on a rotating side by friction welding.

  As a conventional technique, a plurality of individual elements formed as forged parts are joined together by friction welding (friction welding) to form a hollow crankshaft comprising a crank journal having a hollow chamber and an oil passage and a crankpin. (For example, refer to Patent Document 1).

JP 09-126219 A

However, there is a problem that the apparatus that performs the friction welding may be displaced due to misalignment due to having a rotation mechanism, wear due to having a slide mechanism, or deflection due to deformation by applying a load (bending). There is.
Therefore, misalignment between parts is not a problem when two parts are joined by friction welding, but when several parts are joined together by friction welding, the misalignment between parts is not. Is a cause of deterioration of the balance of the crankshaft as a product, and is not suitable for a high-speed engine. In particular, in the case of a hollow body, even if the outer shape is processed, strength and balance are deteriorated due to variations in thickness and displacement of the hollow portion.

  The present invention has been made in view of such problems of the prior art, and the object of the present invention is to provide a joined product as a finished product even if three or more parts are joined by friction welding. It is an object of the present invention to provide a friction welding method capable of suppressing the misalignment of the core.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the invention according to claim 1 is to set a joined body in which one part or two or more parts are joined to the fixed side of the friction welding apparatus, and to attach the parts joined thereto to the friction welding apparatus. In the friction welding method in which the two or more parts are joined to the fixed side in the friction welding method, which is set on the rotating side and sequentially formed by friction welding, the first one part set on the fixed side is set. relative to the axis, runout direction is axial misalignment of the tip part constituting the bonded body at the joint surface perpendicular to this axis, 180 ° ± respect direction of easy shake out of the friction welding device in the joining surfaces 30 to be in the range of °, and adjusts the set position of the joint body against the fixed side.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, a joined body in which one part or two or more parts are joined is set on the fixed side of the friction welding apparatus, and a part to be joined to the rotating side of the friction welding apparatus is set. In the friction welding method in which friction welding is sequentially performed and formed integrally, the part set on the fixed side and the part set on the rotating side are friction-welded, and the axis of the part set on the fixed side is used as a reference and orthogonal to this axis A step of measuring a deflection direction which is an axis deviation of the tip part constituting the joined body on the joining surface to be performed, and the deflection direction is within a range of 180 ° ± 30 ° with respect to a direction in which the friction welding apparatus easily causes the deflection. A step of setting the joined body on the fixed side so as to be in the direction rotated in step, and a step of friction welding the joined body set on the fixed side and the next part set on the rotating side. Repeated continuously To return.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, a joined body in which one part or two or more parts are joined is set on the fixed side of the friction welding apparatus, and the part to be joined to this is set on the rotating side of the friction welding apparatus. In the friction welding method in which two or more parts are joined integrally by sequential friction welding, a range of 180 ° ± 30 ° with respect to the set position of the part or joined body set on the fixed side immediately before the joined body is joined. constituting the bonded body at the inner is rotated at a shaft around the tip part of the set on the fixed side, in which is set the following components in rotation side friction welding to the joint body.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, a joined body in which one part or two or more parts are joined is set on a fixed side of the friction welding apparatus, and a part to be joined to the rotating side of the friction welding apparatus is set. In the friction welding method in which friction welding is sequentially performed and integrally formed, the step of friction welding the part or joined body set on the fixed side and the part set on the rotating side, and the joined body by this friction welding are set on the immediately preceding fixed side Rotating around the axis of the tip part constituting the joined body within a range of 180 ° ± 30 ° with respect to the set position of the part or joined body, and setting the fixed side; A process of friction welding the joined part and the next part set on the rotating side is provided, and these processes are repeated continuously.

  According to the first and second aspects of the invention, it is possible to minimize misalignment of a joined body formed by sequentially friction-welding three or more parts.

  According to the invention which concerns on Claim 3, 4, the center shift | offset | difference of the joined body formed by carrying out the friction welding of three or more components sequentially can be suppressed.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Here, FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a friction welding apparatus for performing the friction welding method according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of the first embodiment of the friction welding method according to the present invention, and FIG. 3 is according to the present invention. It is explanatory drawing of 2nd Embodiment of the friction welding method.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the friction welding apparatus 1 that performs the friction welding method according to the present invention includes a fixed portion 2 and a rotating portion 3, and the fixed portion 2 includes a clamper 4 and the like. Is provided with a rotation drive unit (main shaft motor) 5, a chuck 6, a slide mechanism (not shown), and the like. As shown in FIG. 2 (e), in the embodiment of the present invention, a case in which the finished product 10 is manufactured by sequentially joining five parts 7a to 7e by friction welding (four joints). Show.

  In the first embodiment of the friction welding method according to the present invention implemented by the friction welding apparatus 1, first, as shown in FIG. 2A, the part 7a is clamped by the clamper 4 and the part 7b is chucked. Attach the chuck. Next, the slide mechanism is advanced, and the spindle motor 5 is rotated to bring the parts 7a and 7b into contact with each other at a predetermined pressure. When the contact surface reaches the required temperature, the rotation is stopped and the slide mechanism is advanced to further increase the pressure. Pressure (first friction welding process).

  Then, after a predetermined time has elapsed, the chuck 6 is brought into the chuck open state, and then the slide mechanism is retracted to bring the clamper 4 into the clamp open state. Next, the joined body 8a of the part 7a and the part 7b by friction welding is removed from the fixed portion 2, and the maximum shake direction α of the joined body 8a is measured by a shake measuring device (not shown) (first shake measuring step). Note that the shake of the friction welding apparatus 1 is obtained by measuring in advance the direction θ in which the shake is likely to occur.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 2 (b), the joined body 8 a is rotated so that the maximum shake direction α of the joined body 8 a is rotated by about 180 ° with respect to the direction θ in which the friction welding apparatus 1 is easily shaken. The clamper 4 is put into a clamped state (first joined body setting step). Next, after the component 7c is brought into the chucked state by the chuck 6, the slide mechanism is advanced, and the spindle motor 5 is rotated to bring the joined body 8a and the component 7c into contact with each other at a predetermined pressure, so that the contact surface reaches a necessary temperature. Then, the rotation is stopped and the slide mechanism is advanced to further pressurize (second friction welding process).

  Then, after a predetermined time has elapsed, after the chuck 6 is opened, the slide mechanism is retracted, and the clamper 4 is opened. Next, the joined body 8a by friction welding and the joined body 8b of the part 7c are removed from the fixed portion 2, and the maximum shake direction α of the joined body 8b is measured by a shake measuring device (second shake measuring step).

  Next, as shown in FIG. 2 (c), the joined body 8 b is rotated so that the maximum shake direction α of the joined body 8 b is rotated by about 180 ° with respect to the direction θ in which the friction welding apparatus 1 is easily shaken. The clamper 4 is put into a clamped state (second joined body setting step). Next, after the component 7d is brought into the chucked state by the chuck 6, the slide mechanism is advanced, and the spindle motor 5 is rotated to bring the joined body 8b and the component 7d into contact with each other at a predetermined pressure, so that the contact surface reaches a necessary temperature. Then, the rotation is stopped and the slide mechanism is advanced to further pressurize (third friction welding process).

  Then, after the predetermined time has elapsed, the chuck 6 is brought into the chuck open state, and then the slide mechanism is retracted to bring the clamper 4 into the clamp open state. Next, the joined body 8b by friction welding and the joined body 8c of the part 7d are removed from the fixed portion 2, and the maximum shake direction α of the joined body 8c is measured by a shake measuring device (third shake measuring step).

  Next, as shown in FIG. 2 (d), the joined body 8c is rotated so that the maximum shake direction α of the joined body 8c is rotated by about 180 ° with respect to the direction θ in which the friction welding apparatus 1 tends to be shaken. The clamper 4 is put into a clamped state (third joined body setting step). Next, after the part 7e is brought into the chucked state by the chuck 6, the slide mechanism is advanced, and the spindle motor 5 is rotated to bring the joined body 8c and the part 7e into contact with each other at a predetermined pressure, so that the contact surface reaches a necessary temperature. Then, the rotation is stopped and the slide mechanism is advanced to further pressurize (fourth friction welding process).

  Then, after the predetermined time has elapsed, the chuck 6 is brought into the chuck open state, and then the slide mechanism is retracted to bring the clamper 4 into the clamp open state. Then, as shown in FIG. 2 (e), a finished product 10 is obtained in which the five parts 7a to 7e are sequentially joined by friction welding (four times of joining).

  In each joined body setting step, each joined body 8a, 8b, 8c is rotated so that the maximum deflection direction α of the joined bodies 8a, 8b, 8c is rotated by about 180 ° with respect to the direction θ in which the friction welding apparatus 1 tends to be shaken. The bodies 8a, 8b, and 8c are clamped by the clamper 4 and set to the fixed portion 2. However, the maximum deflection direction α of each of the joined bodies 8a, 8b, and 8c and the direction θ in which the friction welding apparatus 1 tends to be shaken are set. Not only about 180 ° (| α−θ | ≈180 °) but also within the range of 180 ° ± 30 ° (150 ° ≦ | α−θ | ≦ 210 °), each joined body 8a, 8b, 8c and completed The misalignment of the product 10 can be suppressed. The reason why it is within the range of ± 30 ° is that there is a variation of ± 30 ° in the direction θ in which the friction welding apparatus 1 tends to shake.

  In the second embodiment of the friction welding method according to the present invention, first, as shown in FIG. 3A, the component 7 a is clamped by the clamper 4, and the component 7 b is chucked by the chuck 6. Next, the slide mechanism is advanced, and the spindle motor 5 is rotated to bring the parts 7a and 7b into contact with each other at a predetermined pressure. When the contact surface reaches the required temperature, the rotation is stopped and the slide mechanism is advanced to further increase the pressure. Pressure (first friction welding process). After a predetermined time, the chuck 6 is brought into the chuck open state, the slide mechanism is retracted, and the clamper 4 is brought into the clamp open state. Then, the joined body 8a is formed by the parts 7a and 7b.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 3B, the fixing direction of the joined body 8a by the parts 7a and 7b is rotated by about 180 ° with respect to the fixing direction of the part 7a (the joined body 8a is inverted). The bonded body 8a is clamped by the clamper 4 (first bonded body setting step). Next, after the component 7c is brought into the chucked state by the chuck 6, the slide mechanism is advanced, and the spindle motor 5 is rotated to bring the joined body 8a and the component 7c into contact with each other at a predetermined pressure, so that the contact surface reaches a necessary temperature. Then, the rotation is stopped and the slide mechanism is advanced to further pressurize (second friction welding process). After a predetermined time has elapsed, the chuck 6 is opened, and then the slide mechanism is retracted to bring the clamper 4 into the clamp open state. Then, the joined body 8b is formed by the joined body 8a and the component 7c.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 3C, the fixing direction of the joined body 8b by the joined body 8a and the part 7c is rotated by about 180 ° with respect to the fixing direction of the joined body 8a (the joined body 8b). And the joint 8b is clamped by the clamper 4 (second joined body setting step). Next, after the component 7d is brought into the chucked state by the chuck 6, the slide mechanism is advanced, and the spindle motor 5 is rotated to bring the joined body 8b and the component 7d into contact with each other at a predetermined pressure, so that the contact surface reaches a necessary temperature. Then, the rotation is stopped and the slide mechanism is advanced to further pressurize (third friction welding process). After a predetermined time has elapsed, the chuck 6 is opened, and then the slide mechanism is retracted to bring the clamper 4 into the clamp open state. Then, a joined body 8c is formed by the joined body 8b and the component 7d.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 3D, the fixing direction of the joined body 8c by the joined body 8b and the component 7d is rotated by about 180 ° with respect to the fixing direction of the joined body 8b (the joined body 8c). And the joined body 8c is clamped by the clamper 4 (third joined body setting step). Next, after the part 7e is brought into the chucked state by the chuck 6, the slide mechanism is advanced, and the spindle motor 5 is rotated to bring the joined body 8c and the part 7e into contact with each other at a predetermined pressure, so that the contact surface reaches a necessary temperature. Then, the rotation is stopped and the slide mechanism is advanced to further pressurize (fourth friction welding process). After a predetermined time has elapsed, the chuck 6 is opened, and then the slide mechanism is retracted to bring the clamper 4 into the clamp open state. Then, as shown in FIG. 3 (e), a finished product 10 is obtained in which five parts 7a to 7e are sequentially joined by friction welding (four times of joining).

  In each bonded body setting step, each bonded body 8a, 8b, 8c is fixed in a direction rotated by about 180 ° with respect to the fixing direction of the component a or the bonded body 8a, 8b in the immediately preceding process. The joined bodies 8a, 8b, and 8c are clamped by the clamper 4 and set in the fixing portion 2. However, the fixing direction of the joined bodies 8a, 8b, and 8c is the fixing direction of the component a in the immediately preceding process or the joined bodies 8a and 8b. However, it is possible to suppress misalignment of each of the joined bodies 8a, 8b, 8c and the finished product 10 even within a range of 180 ° ± 30 ° instead of about 180 °.

  In addition, when obtaining a joined body having n joined portions, the fixing direction of each joined body is a direction rotated by (360 ÷ n) ° with respect to the fixing direction of the component or joined body in the immediately preceding process. You may set to the fixing | fixed part 2. FIG.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the sliding mechanism of the friction welding apparatus 1 is provided in the rotating unit 3, but the fixing unit 2 may be provided.
Further, in the embodiment of the present invention, a method is adopted in which the slide mechanism is advanced and further pressurized after the rotation of the main shaft is completely stopped (pre-braking method), but at the same time as the rotation of the main shaft is decelerated. It is also possible to employ a method (rear brake method) in which the slide mechanism is advanced and further pressurized.

  Even when three or more parts are joined by friction welding, misalignment of the joined body as a finished product can be suppressed. In particular, it becomes an effective means when a hollow body product is formed by several times of friction welding.

Schematic diagram of a friction welding apparatus for carrying out the friction welding method according to the present invention It is explanatory drawing of 1st Embodiment of the friction welding method which concerns on this invention, (a) is a figure which shows a 1st friction welding process and a 1st shake measurement process, (b) is a 1st conjugate | zygote set process and 2nd. The figure which shows a friction welding process and a 2nd shake measurement process, (c) is a figure which shows a 2nd conjugate | zygote set process, a 3rd friction welding process, and a 3rd shake measurement process, (d) is a 3rd conjugate | zygote set process, The figure which shows a 4th friction welding process, (e) is a figure which shows a finished product It is explanatory drawing of 2nd Embodiment of the friction welding method which concerns on this invention, (a) is a figure which shows a 1st friction welding process, (b) is a figure which shows a 1st conjugate | zygote setting process and a 2nd friction welding process. (C) is a figure which shows a 2nd conjugate | zygote setting process and a 3rd friction welding process, (d) is a figure which shows a 3rd conjugate | zygote setting process and a 4th friction welding process, (e) is a figure which shows a finished product.

Explanation of symbols

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Friction welding apparatus, 2 ... Fixed part (fixed side), 3 ... Rotating part (rotating side), 4 ... Clamper, 5 ... Rotation drive part, 6 ... Chuck, 7a-7e ... Parts, 8a-8c ... Assembly 10 ... Finished product.

Claims (4)

One part or a joined body in which two or more parts are joined is set on the fixed side of the friction welding apparatus, and the part to be joined to this is set on the rotation side of the friction welding apparatus, and then friction welding is sequentially performed to form an integrated body. In the friction welding method, when the joined body in which the two or more parts are joined is set on the fixed side, the axis of the first one part set on the fixed side is used as a reference in the joining surface orthogonal to this axis. as shake direction is an axial displacement of the tip part constituting the conjugate, in the range of 180 ° ± 30 ° with respect to direction of easy shake out of the friction welding device in the joining surfaces, the joint against the fixed side A friction welding method characterized by adjusting a set position of a body . One part or a joined body in which two or more parts are joined is set on the fixed side of the friction welding apparatus, and the part to be joined to this is set on the rotation side of the friction welding apparatus, and then friction welding is sequentially performed to form an integrated body. In the friction welding method, the process of friction welding the parts set on the fixed side and the parts set on the rotating side, and the joined body on the joint surface orthogonal to this axis, based on the axis of the parts set on the fixed side and measuring the deflection direction that is axial displacement of the tip parts of which, as the deflection direction is a direction rotated within a range of 180 ° ± 30 ° with respect to easy egress direction of deflection of the friction welding device A step of setting the joined body on the fixed side, and a step of friction welding the joined body set on the fixed side and the next part set on the rotating side, and repeating these steps continuously. Suma Welding method. One part or a joined body in which two or more parts are joined is set on the fixed side of the friction welding apparatus, and the part to be joined to this is set on the rotation side of the friction welding apparatus, and then friction welding is sequentially performed to form an integrated body. In the friction welding method, a joined body in which two or more parts are joined is configured to form a joined body within a range of 180 ° ± 30 ° with respect to the set position of the part or joined body set on the immediately preceding fixed side. A friction welding method characterized by rotating around the axis of the component and setting it on the fixed side, and setting the next component on the rotation side and friction welding the bonded body. One part or a joined body in which two or more parts are joined is set on the fixed side of the friction welding apparatus, and the part to be joined to this is set on the rotation side of the friction welding apparatus, and then friction welding is sequentially performed to form an integrated body. In the friction welding method, the step of friction welding the part or joint set on the fixed side and the part set on the rotation side, and the set position of the part or joint set on the fixed side immediately before the joint by this friction welding Rotating around the axis of the tip part constituting the joined body within a range of 180 ° ± 30 ° to the fixed side, and setting the joined body and the rotating side set on the fixed side A friction welding method comprising a step of friction welding the next part, and repeating these steps continuously.