JP4918832B2 - How to use stress generating members for sheet glass bonding - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention includes a plate glass joining portion that joins a plate glass and a joining member with a force generated by tightening a pair of fastening members inserted into the through hole, and a plate glass holding the through hole, or at least a through hole. Sheet glass bonding stress for generating stress in the plate glass by using two or more sheet glasses on the plate glass joint that joins the plate glasses with the force generated by tightening the pair of fastening members inserted through the through holes. The present invention relates to a method of using the generating member.

  In particular, the present invention relates to a plate glass by a force in the bolt axial direction generated by overlapping a plate glass holding a through hole and a joining member, inserting a bolt into the through hole, and tightening the plate glass and the joining member with a nut screwed into the bolt. At least two or more plate glasses are tightened with a nut joined by joining at least two or more plate glasses each having a through hole, and a bolt inserted into the through hole and screwed into the bolt. The present invention relates to a method for using a stress generating member for joining sheet glass that generates compressive stress inside the sheet glass at a joined part of the sheet glass that joins the sheet glasses by the force in the direction of the bolt axis.

  The method of using the stress generating member for joining plate glass of the present invention is used in the field of construction, and the building used is a glass wall, a glass roof, and a glass screen, which are large buildings, for example, a rib glass screen using rib glass. Etc.

  In a large building such as a glass screen having a glass wall, a glass roof, and an opening structure using large plate glass, if the plate glass is bonded with high strength, the degree of freedom in design is increased. For example, there is a glass stabilizer method for supporting a wind load applied to a front glass (face plate) by using an inconspicuous glass stand (rib glass) instead of a conspicuous metal stand.

  It is possible to join the face plate with the face plate via the joining plate attached to the rib glass if the rib glass screen is constructed by using the glass stabilizer construction method to join the plate glass with high strength through the joining member. Since rib glass and face plates are joined via a member, the freedom degree of design of a rib glass screen increases. Moreover, if joining plate glass with high intensity | strength can be used for a large building, the freedom degree of the design of a large building will increase.

  In the conventional method for joining glass sheets, the glass sheet and a metal plate as a joining member are overlapped, and fixed by tightening through a pair of joining members, for example, bolts and nuts, in through holes formed in the glass sheet and the metal plate. There is friction bonding that is used when glass plates are bonded to each other, and when glass plates are bonded to a building or the like. Friction joining is a joining method in which a plate glass and a joining member are fastened in a thickness direction by a pair of fastening members, and a load is received by a frictional force between the sheet glass and the joining member.

  In friction welding, the joint load is increased, and the support load that can be received is increased by using a large number of bolts and nuts, for example, a pair of fastening members. In friction welding, the number of joints is increased, many joint bolts and nuts are used, and the load received at each joint is not increased.Glass is a brittle material, and a large force is applied to one place when tightening. There was a crack.

  On the other hand, an adhesive sheet is sandwiched between bonding members such as metal plates attached to the plate glass or joined between the plate glass and the plate glass to bond the plate glass and other structural members, and the plate glass and the bonding member are bonded. Patent Document 1 discloses a method in which a bonding screw member that is a pair of tightening members is passed through and tightened into a through hole provided in a sheet glass and a bonding member, and the sheet glass and the bonding member are fixed. ~ 7.

  For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a screw inserted through a through-hole formed in a plate glass and a bonding member by sandwiching a sheet made of a fiber material impregnated with an uncured adhesive between the plate glass and the bonding member. A method of joining glass panels that are fastened and fixed by members is disclosed. In order to suppress the occurrence of relative displacement between the glass panel and the plate material after bonding, a sheet made of a fiber material impregnated with an uncured adhesive is sandwiched between the plate glass and the bonding member, and then bonded. Thus, when the adhesive is cured, the sheet is solidified along the surface of both the glass panel and the plate material, and the glass panel and the plate material can be bonded and bonded through a strong adhesive layer cured integrally with the sheet. It is disclosed.

  Further, in Patent Document 3, in order to enhance the durability of the joint portion compared to Patent Document 1, the adhesive impregnated into the sheet made of the fiber material impregnated with the adhesive is tightened in an uncured state, and the adhesive There has been disclosed a method for joining brittle members which are joined by being tightened again to a predetermined axial force after curing.

Further, in Patent Document 7, in the above-described bonding method, when fastening the plate glass and the joining member with a fastening tool such as a male screw member and a female screw member, each fastening tool is provided with a filler interposed in the through hole. When a stress is applied between the plate glass and the joining member, the plate glass side through-holes are acted on by tightening in a state where no gap is formed between the outer peripheral surface of the plate glass and the inner peripheral surface of the plate glass-side through hole. There is disclosed a method of joining plate glass that makes stress uniform, avoids stress concentration in a specific plate glass side through-hole, and suppresses damage to the plate glass.

  The joining method of plate glass described in Patent Documents 1 to 7 is not a method in which the plate glass and the joining member are strongly clamped and joined, but is a method in which the joining strength is obtained by bonding the plate glass and the joining portion. Tightening with a screw member for joining is moderate due to concern about the occurrence of cracks in the sheet glass, and the joining strength depends on the adhesion between the sheet glass and the joining member.

Specifically, according to Patent Document 3, when the plate glass is a tempered glass having a thickness of 12 mm to 19 mm and the adhesive used is an epoxy adhesive, the fastening axial force of the screw member for joining is 29.4 kN. About 53.9 kN is considered desirable. When opening a through-hole in glass, since the periphery of the hole is rough-grinded, the strength around the hole in the glass is weak compared to the strength of the glass surface, and when a clamping force of about 60 kN acts around the hole in the glass, It was sometimes damaged. Therefore, in the methods of Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 3 in which a tightening force acts around the hole, there is a limit to increase the durability of the joint portion by increasing the tightening axial force.
JP 2000-87924 A JP 2000-87925 A JP 2002-155909 A JP 2002-162325 A JP 2002-266818 A JP 2004-340178 A JP 2003-327453 A

  In friction welding, which is a conventional method of joining plate glass, when a plate glass is strongly tightened with a pair of fastening members, for example, bolts and nuts inserted into the through holes of the plate glass, a local force is generated in the tightening portion, and in particular, through the plate glass. There was a problem of being easily damaged from the end of the hole.

  In particular, it has been never performed to overlap plate glasses provided with through holes and to strongly tighten the plate glasses with bolts and nuts or the like because they are easily damaged from the end portions of the through holes of the plate glass.

  Moreover, in the joining method which adhere | attaches the conventional plate glass and joining member mentioned above, although the junction part of plate glass is fastened with the screw member, joining strength is the adhesive sheet pinched | interposed between the plate glass and the board | plate material which is a joining member As a pair of tightening members, for example, a bolt axial force generated by tightening firmly with bolts and nuts is applied until a strong compressive stress is generated inside the sheet glass, and the glass itself is utilized by utilizing the rigidity of the sheet glass. It was not to join the plate material.

  Moreover, since it joins by adhesion | attachment with an adhesive sheet, the disassembly after joining is difficult.

  The present invention is to solve the above problems, in the joint portion of the plate glass constituting the building, due to the force by tightening a pair of tightening members, for example, the force in the bolt axial direction generated by tightening strongly with bolts and nuts, It aims at providing the usage method of the stress generation member for plate glass joining used in the construction field which obtains strong joint strength by generating strong compressive stress inside plate glass.

  Specifically, the method of using the stress generating member for joining plate glass of the present invention uses, for example, a washer having a through hole as the stress generating member, and a pair of fastening members are tightened around the through hole of the plate glass. Do not apply force, for example, force in the bolt axial direction due to bolt and nut tightening, avoid surrounding the hole, apply force in bolt axial direction due to bolt and nut tightening to the plate glass, and generate and propagate cracks inside the plate glass It is characterized in that the apparent strength is increased by generating a compressive stress that suppresses the bonding, and the glass sheet and the bonding member are bonded firmly, or the glass sheets are bonded firmly through the bonding member, or the bonding member is interposed. It is a highly durable plate that stacks at least two plate glasses without bonding and firmly bonds the plate glasses together so that the bonded portion does not shift. Junction between Ras and the joining member, there is provided a joint sheet glass together.

  The method of using the stress generating member for joining glass sheets according to the present invention is such that a force in the bolt axial direction generated by strong fastening such as bolts and nuts as a pair of fastening members is applied between the glass sheets and the joining glass sheets or between the laminated glass sheets. When the stress is generated between the bolt head and the plate glass, between the nut and the plate glass, and transmitted through a stress generating member that presses against the plate glass, such as a washer, the inner diameter of the washer is made larger than the diameter of the through hole of the plate glass. By arranging in the shape of the plate, it can transmit the force in the direction of the bolt axis avoiding the hole in the plate glass where cracks are likely to occur, and the force in the direction of the bolt axis can be directly applied to the plate glass with a small area via a washer in contact with the plate glass. , Which generates a strong compressive stress inside the plate glass, suppresses the generation and propagation of cracks in the plate glass compression site that caused the compressive stress, and the apparent strength of the plate glass Wherein the increase.

  The pair of tightening members includes a pair of hydraulic members, spring members, and screw members. However, the tightening force can be adjusted with a torque wrench, etc., and bolts and nuts can be easily tightened in the direction of the bolt axis. The obtained bolts and nuts are preferably used. In particular, it is preferable to use hexagon bolts and nuts that can obtain a strong force in the bolt axial direction and can easily adjust the force in the bolt axial direction.

  As described above, the method of using the stress generating member for joining glass sheets according to the present invention is a concept that should be referred to as compression joining, in other words, to obtain a strong joining strength utilizing the rigidity of the glass sheet itself by strongly pressing the stress generating member to the glass sheet. The present invention relates to a completely new sheet glass bonding structure.

  If a strong compressive stress is generated inside the plate glass, the direction of crack generation and propagation in the plate glass compression site is limited, so the generation and propagation of cracks in the plate glass compression site is suppressed. The strength of the increases.

  That is, the compression bonding is a joint structure of a completely different idea from the above-described friction bonding and the bonding method of bonding glass and a metal plate, and is a pair of tightening members, for example, a bolt shaft by strong tightening of bolts and nuts. A stress generating member sandwiched between a plate glass and a bonding member, or between a laminated plate glass, between a bolt head and a plate glass, or between a nut and a plate glass, for example, a washer is strongly pressed against the plate glass, It is transmitted in such a way that a strong compressive stress is generated inside, suppressing the occurrence and propagation of cracks in the compressed portion of the plate glass that has caused the compressive stress, and increasing the apparent strength of the plate glass. Utilize the sheet glass and the bonding member by using them, or bond the glass sheets to each other via the bonding member, or without using the bonding member. It is intended to bond the glass sheets together be stacked two or more glass sheets.

  According to the method for using the stress generating member for joining glass sheets of the present invention, a washer or the like is used as the stress generating member, and the diameter of the through hole of the washer, in other words, the inner diameter of the washer is made larger than the diameter of the through hole of the plate glass. By concentrically placing and tightening, avoid the plate glass through-holes where cracks are likely to occur and avoid the strong force generated by tightening a pair of tightening members, for example, the force in the bolt axial direction by tightening bolts and nuts Since the force in the axial direction of the bolt is transmitted through a washer with a small area, strong pressure per unit area from the washer provides strong pressure contact with the plate glass and strong bonding strength between the plate glass and the joining member. .

  In the present invention, the pressure welding refers to bringing the stress generating member into contact with the plate glass with a strong force by pressing the stress generating member against the plate glass. The stress generating member is a member that presses the plate glass strongly to generate a compressive stress inside the plate glass.

  Furthermore, when the joint structure is disassembled, the bolts and nuts may be loosened, so disassembly is easier than in the conventional joining method in which the plate glass and the joining member are bonded.

  By making the diameter of the through hole of the stress generating member larger than the diameter of the through hole formed in the plate glass, the force in the bolt axial direction due to tightening the bolt and nut does not act on the end of the through hole made in the plate glass. It was possible to generate a large compressive stress on the plate glass with a large force in the axial direction of the bolt, and a highly durable plate glass joining structure was obtained. In other words, plate glass and joint members, or plate glass with a force in the bolt axial direction of 60 kN or more by tightening bolts and nuts used in high-strength bolt friction joints, which is used as a method for joining steel structures such as bridges and buildings. Even if they were fastened together, the plate glass was not damaged, and a strong bonding strength was obtained.

  By using compression bonding for the plate glass bonding structure, the strong bolt axial force introduced by the high-strength bolt friction bonding used as a method for bonding steel structures such as bridges and buildings, etc. It was possible to fasten the plate glass and the joining member at 60 kN or more. That is, the force in the bolt axial direction when the plate glass is tightened with the bolt and nut can be easily applied to an unprecedented 60 kN or more. In addition, if it is larger than 300 kN, there is a risk of breakage even if the plate glass has the inherent high rigidity. In the method of using the stress generating member for joining glass sheets according to the present invention, the stress generating member needs to have hardness and rigidity not to be deformed by strong tightening of the bolt and nut.

  In order for the stress generating member, for example, a washer, to withstand a force of 60 kN or more in the axial direction of the bolt by tightening a bolt and a nut and to generate a compressive stress inside the plate glass, it is called bending rigidity or flexural rigidity. In the Young's modulus, which is a constant that determines the value of strain with respect to stress, the Young's modulus of the stress generating member is preferably 180 GPa or more. The upper limit of the Young's modulus is the upper limit of the Young's modulus in a highly rigid metal such as steel, and is 230 GPa or less. Materials that require a Young's modulus greater than 230 GPa are not practical. Examples of the material having a Young's modulus in the range of 180 GPa or more and 230 GPa or less include carbon steel and stainless steel. Preferably it is 190 GPa or more and 220 GPa or less.

In addition, the stress generating member, for example, a washer, can withstand a force in the bolt axial direction of 60 kN or more due to tightening of the bolt and nut and generate a compressive stress inside the plate glass, the stress generating member may have high hardness. In the Rockwell hardness, which is necessary, using the indenter, the reference load, 9.8 N, test load, reference load, 9.8 N again to the test piece, and the hardness determined by the difference in penetration depth of the indenter, The Rockwell hardness of the stress generating member is preferably H _R C, 35 or more. The upper limit of Rockwell hardness is the upper limit of Rockwell hardness of a high-hardness metal such as steel, and is H _R C, 45 or less. Materials that require Rockwell hardness greater than 45 are not practical.

  In addition, in order to apply a force in the bolt axial direction of 60 kN or more by tightening a pair of fastening members, such as bolts and nuts, to generate compressive stress inside the plate glass, bolts and nuts having a nominal diameter of M12 to M24 are required. Correspondingly, the inner diameter of the washer in the method of using the stress generating member for joining glass sheets of the present invention is preferably 17.0 mm or more. Bolts smaller than M12 are not suitable for transmitting a force in the bolt axial direction of 60 kN or more by tightening bolts and nuts, and the inner diameter of the washer, less than 17.0 mm, is not used in the present invention. It is not practical to use a bolt larger than M24, and it is not practical to use a washer with an inner diameter of the washer larger than 32.0 mm. In the present invention, the inner diameter of the washer is preferably 17.0 mm or more and 32.0 mm or less.

  In order to apply a force in the bolt axial direction of 60 kN or more by tightening a pair of fastening members, such as bolts and nuts, as a suitable force per unit area of the washer pressed against the glass sheet, the washer is a double circular plain washer. In some cases, the difference between the inner diameter and the outer shape of the plain washer is preferably 13.3 mm or more and 29.0 mm or less. If it is less than 13.3 mm, it is not suitable for transmitting a force in the bolt axial direction of 60 kN or more due to tightening of the bolt and nut, and if it is larger than 29.0 mm, even if the force in the bolt axial direction becomes 300 kN A suitable force per unit area of the washer pressed against the plate glass cannot be obtained. The flat washer used in the present invention preferably has a difference between the inner diameter and the outer shape of 13.3 mm or more and 29.0 mm or less.

  A plain washer is preferably used for the washer used in the present invention, the inner diameter thereof is 17.0 mm or more and 32.0 mm or less, and the difference between the inner diameter and the outer shape is 13.3 mm or more and 29.0 mm or less. Is preferred.

  The thickness of the washer is 4.0 mm or more in order to give a force per unit area of the washer that presses against the plate glass as a force in the bolt axial direction of 60 kN or more by tightening a bolt and nut. It is necessary to be. It is not practical to use a washer with a washer thickness greater than 8.7 mm. In the present invention, the thickness of the washer is preferably 4.0 mm or more and 8.7 mm or less.

That is, in the present invention, a sheet glass and a joining member are stacked, a pair of fastening members are inserted into through holes formed in the sheet glass and the joining member, and the sheet glass and the joining member are joined to each other by a force of 60 kN or more and 300 kN or less. In the joined portion of the plate glass to which the members are joined, a stress generating member having Young's modulus, 180 GPa or more and 230 GPa or less, Rockwell hardness, H _R C35 or more, H _R C45 or less is sandwiched between the plate glass and the joining member, The pressure generating member has a through hole, and the diameter of the through hole is a washer larger than the diameter of the through hole formed in the plate glass, and is arranged so as to be concentric with the through hole of the plate glass. And a pair of tightening members or bolts are inserted into the through holes, and a stress generating member for joining plate glass used in the construction field How to use.

Further, according to the present invention, the pair of tightening members are bolts and nuts, the plate glass and the joining member are overlapped, the bolt is inserted into the through hole formed in the plate glass and the joining member, and the nut is screwed to the bolt, In the joint portion of the plate glass where the plate glass and the joining member are joined by a force of 60 kN or more and 300 kN or less in the bolt axial direction generated by tightening the joining member, Young's modulus, 180 GPa or more, 230 GPa or less, Rockwell hardness, H _R C35 or more, H _A method for using a stress generating member for joining plate glass, which is used in the above-mentioned construction field, is characterized in that a stress generating member of RC 45 or less is sandwiched between a plate glass and a joining member and pressed against the plate glass.

The present invention also relates to a plate glass in which at least two plate glasses are stacked, a pair of fastening members are inserted into through holes formed in the plate glass, and the plate glasses are joined by a force of 60 kN or more and 300 kN or less generated by fastening the plate glass. At the joint, a stress generating member having Young's modulus, 180 GPa or more, 230 GPa or less, Rockwell hardness, H _R C35 or more, H _R C45 or less is sandwiched between the bolt head and the plate glass, between the plate glass and the plate glass, and the plate glass It is the usage method of the stress generation member for sheet glass joining used in the construction field characterized by making it press-contact to.

Further, according to the present invention, the pair of fastening members are bolts and nuts, and at least two or more plate glasses are stacked, the bolts are inserted into through holes formed in the plate glass, and the bolts and the nuts screwed to the bolts are used to make the plate glass. In the joint portion of the plate glass in which the plate glasses are joined by a force of 60 kN or more and 300 kN or less in the bolt axis direction generated by tightening, the Young's modulus, 180 GPa or more, 230 GPa or less, Rockwell hardness, H _R C35 or more, H _R C45 or less It is the usage method of said stress generating member for plate glass joining used in the construction field characterized by sandwiching a stress generating member between plate glass and plate glass, and making it press-contact with plate glass.

Further, in the present invention, the pair of tightening members are bolts and nuts, and at least two or more plate glasses are stacked, the bolts are inserted into through holes formed in the plate glass, and a plurality of bolts and nuts screwed to the bolts are used. In the joined portion of the plate glasses obtained by joining the plate glasses with a force of 60 kN or more and 300 kN or less in the bolt axis direction generated by fastening the plate glass, Young's modulus, 180 GPa or more, 230 GPa or less, Rockwell hardness, H _R C35 or more, H _R C45 The following stress generating member is sandwiched between the bolt head and the sheet glass, between the sheet glass and the sheet glass, and between the nut and the sheet glass, and is brought into pressure contact with the sheet glass. It is a usage method of a generating member.

Further, in the present invention, the stress generating member has Young's modulus, 180 GPa or more and 230 GPa or less, Rockwell hardness, H _R C35 or more, H _R C45 or less, has a through hole, and the diameter of the through hole is in the plate glass. A washer having a diameter larger than the diameter of the formed through hole, arranged so as to be concentric with the through hole of the plate glass, and a pair of tightening members or bolts are inserted into the through hole. It is the usage method of the stress generation member for plate glass joining used in.

  Furthermore, the present invention is the method for using a sheet glass joining stress generating member used in the construction field, wherein the washer has an inner diameter of 17.0 mm or more and 32.0 mm or less.

  Further, in the present invention, the sheet washer is a plain washer, and the difference between the inner diameter and the outer shape of the washer is 13.3 mm or more and 29.0 mm or less. It is a usage method of a generating member.

  Furthermore, this invention is a usage method of the stress generation member for sheet glass joining used in the said construction field, wherein the said washer is thickness 4.0mm or more and 8.7mm or less.

  If compression bonding is used for the bonding structure of the glass and the stress generating member for bonding sheet glass of the present invention is used, the stress transmitting material can be crimped to the sheet glass while avoiding the edge of the sheet glass where cracks are likely to occur, and the sheet glass during compression bonding The contact area between the stress generating member and the stress generating member is constant, and the compressive stress on the plate glass can be arbitrarily set by the tightening torque. Therefore, the preferable compressive stress can be obtained by the tightening torque of the bolt and nut, and the stress generating member is not used. Unlike the above, the force in the bolt axis direction is not concentrated at one point, and it is possible to dramatically increase the limit of breaking the plate glass against the tightening torque. Therefore, the plate glass and the structural member, or the plate glasses are joined with high strength simply by strongly fastening the plate glass with bolts and nuts.

  Conventionally, glass is a brittle material and breaks when a force is applied to one point. If a plate glass is provided with a through hole and the plate glass is tightened strongly through bolts, a localized force is generated in the tightening portion and the plate glass is damaged. It should be avoided to tighten the plate glass, and it should not be done, and the plate glass was not fastened with bolts and nuts, but it was not joined, but using a stress generating member, avoid the edge of the brittle plate glass hole By transmitting the tightening force of bolts and nuts to the plate glass in a fixed area and adjusting it so that a suitable compressive stress is generated inside the plate glass, it is possible to perform the above-mentioned compression bonding utilizing the high rigidity of the original plate glass became. Even if it was tightened a little with bolts and nuts, the glass plate was not broken and strong joint strength was obtained. This is a surprising result.

  Powerful bolts introduced in high-strength bolt friction bonding used as a method for joining steel structures such as bridges and buildings by using the method for using a stress generating member for joining sheet glass used in architectural applications of the present invention It was possible to tighten the plate glass with an axial force of 60 kN or more. That is, it is possible to apply a force in the direction of the bolt axis when tightening with the bolts and nuts for tightening the plate glass and the joining member to 60 kN or more which has never been achieved. In addition, if it is larger than 300 kN, there is a risk of breakage even if the plate glass has the inherent high rigidity.

  At this time, by making the diameter of the through hole of the stress generating member smaller than the outer diameter of the bolt head / nut, it becomes easy to fasten the plate glass and the joining member with a force in the bolt axial direction of 60 kN or more. Normally, in the hexagon bolt and nut, the maximum outer diameter of the bolt head and nut is called a diagonal distance. In order to transmit a strong tightening torque, it is preferable to use hexagon bolts and nuts, and among them, high-strength bolts and nuts for friction joining used in construction are preferably used.

  That is, the present invention relates to a stress generating member for joining plate glass used in the construction field described above, characterized in that the diameter of the through hole of the washer that is a stress generating member is smaller than the outer diameter of the bolt head and nut. How to use.

  Furthermore, the present invention is characterized in that the bolt and nut are hexagon bolts and nuts, and the diameter of the through hole of the washer that is a stress generating member is smaller than the diagonal distance of the hexagon bolts and nuts. It is the usage method of the stress generation member for plate glass joining used in.

  Furthermore, this invention is a junction part of the plate glass in which the usage method of the stress generation member for plate glass joining used in the said construction field is used.

Furthermore, the present invention is a building with a glass sheet to have a bonding portion of the glass sheet.

The stress in the bolt axial direction due to the strong tightening of bolts and nuts, the stress generating member that overlaps the plate glass and the bonding member and sandwiched between the plate glass and the bonding member, the stress that stacks the multiple plate glasses and sandwiched between the multiple plate glasses A generating member, or a stress generating member sandwiched between a bolt head and plate glass, a nut and a plate glass, such as a washer is transmitted to the plate glass as a compressive stress, and the stress generating member is crimped to the plate glass so that the plate glass itself In a plate glass bonding structure using rigidity, a high rigidity and high strength material, for example, a high rigidity, high strength, Young's modulus, 180 GPa or more, Rockwell hardness, H _R C35 or more washer is used as a stress generating member. By making the inner diameter of the plate larger than the diameter of the through hole of the plate glass, it is possible to avoid tightening the bolt and nut by avoiding the hole end of the plate glass that is likely to crack The force in the bolt axis direction due to attachment can be transmitted, and the force in the bolt axis direction is transmitted to the sheet glass with a small area through the washer, so a strong compressive stress is generated on the sheet glass due to the surface pressure from the washer, and the sheet glass and the joining member Excellent bonding strength was obtained.

  In addition, when a plate glass with a through-hole and a joining member are overlapped and tightened with bolts and nuts, and the plate glass is subjected to compressive stress by the force in the bolt axial direction of the bolts and nuts, the plate glass is simply joined between a plurality of plate glasses. By inserting the washer that is a stress generating member, the compressive stress generated in the plate glass due to the force in the bolt axial direction when tightened with the bolt and nut through the washer is adjusted by tightening the bolt and nut, and applying the washer to the plate glass. It became possible to adjust by the pressure contact area.

  In addition, when glass plates with through-holes are stacked and tightened with bolts and nuts, and the plate glass is subjected to compressive stress by the force in the bolt axial direction of the bolts and nuts, the plate glass is joined between the glass plates and between the bolt head and the plate glass. Between the plate glass and the plate glass, by inserting the washer, which is a simple stress generating member, between the nut and the plate glass, it is possible to apply the force to the plate glass by the force in the bolt axial direction when tightened with the bolt and nut through the washer. The compressive stress can be adjusted by adjusting the tightening of bolts and nuts and the area where the washer is pressed against the plate glass.

  In addition, by making the inner diameter of the washer larger than the diameter of the through hole formed in the plate glass and smaller than the outer diameter of the bolt head, the force in the bolt axial direction when tightening with bolts and nuts is ensured. Strong force in the axial direction of the bolt introduced by high-strength bolt friction welding used as a joining method for steel structures such as bridges and buildings, etc. Even if the plate glass and the joining member were tightened at 60 kN to 300 kN, the plate glass was not damaged, and it was possible to join the plate glasses having high durability after joining. That is, since the force in the bolt axis direction is reliably transmitted through the narrow contact surface between the plate glass and the washer, there is less risk of the bonded plate glass slipping, and the highly durable plate glass can be bonded after bonding.

  Furthermore, when the joint structure is disassembled, the bolts and nuts may be loosened, so disassembly is easy.

  First, a sheet glass joining structure using the stress generating member for joining sheet glass according to the present invention, which is considered to be compression joining different from the friction joining described above, will be described with reference to FIG.

  FIG. 1 is an enlarged side view of an example of a joined portion between a sheet glass and a joining member according to the method of using the stress generating member for joining sheet glass of the present invention. The parts other than bolts and nuts are shown in cross section.

  (A) of FIG. 2 is a front view of an example of the joining part of the plate glass by the usage method of the stress generation member for plate glass joining of this invention, and a joining member. (B) is a side view thereof.

  FIG. 3 is an enlarged side view of an example of a joint portion between plate glasses according to the method of using the stress generating member for joining plate glasses of the present invention. The sections other than the bolt 1 and nut 2 are shown in cross section.

  FIG. 4 is a front view of an example of a joint portion between plate glasses according to the method of using the stress generating member for joining plate glasses of the present invention.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the method of using the stress generating member for joining glass sheets according to the present invention is such that the force in the bolt axial direction due to strong tightening of the bolts 1 and 2 is applied between the glass sheet G1 and the metal plate 3 that is the joining member. The sheet glass G1 is transmitted to the plate glass G1 through the washer 4 which is a stress generating member sandwiched between the plate glass G1, and the washer 4 is pressure-bonded to the plate glass G1 to generate the compressive stress inside the plate glass G1. It joins using the rigidity of.

  Moreover, as shown in FIG. 3, the method of using the stress generating member for joining glass sheets according to the present invention is a stress generating member that uses a bolt 1 and a nut 2 that are a pair of tightening members to force the bolt in the axial direction. Plate glass through the washer 4, specifically, the washer 4 sandwiched between the sheet glasses G2 and G3, the washer 4 sandwiched between the bolt 1 and the glass G2, or the washer 4 sandwiched between the nut 2 and the glass G3. G2 and G3 are transmitted so as to have a compressive stress, and the washer 4 is pressed against the glass sheets G2 and G3, thereby generating a compressive stress inside the glass sheets G2 and G3 and increasing the apparent strength of the glass sheets G2 and G3. Then, the plate glasses G2 and G3 are joined to each other by utilizing the rigidity of the plate glasses G2 and G3 itself.

  According to the method of using the stress generating member for joining plate glass of the present invention, the diameter of the hole of the washer 4, that is, the inner diameter of the washer 4 is made larger than the diameter of the through hole of the plate glass G1, G2, G3. By avoiding the hole ends 5 of the glass plates G1, G2, and G3 that are likely to be cracked, the force in the bolt axis direction can be transmitted, and the plate glass G1, G2, and G3 can be transmitted to the glass plates G1, G2, and G3 in a small area via the washer 4 Therefore, strong press-bonding is obtained by the press-contact of the washer 4, and there is little possibility that the joint is displaced.

  Further, when the plate glass is joined by the method of using the stress generating member for joining the glass plate of the present invention, the size of the washer 4 is selected so that the pressure contact area of the washer 4 to the glass plates G1, G2, and G3 can be arbitrarily set. The force per unit area applied to the glass sheets G1, G2, and G3 can be adjusted by adjusting the force in the bolt axis direction, and the strength of the compressive stress generated at the tightening portion of the glass sheets G1, G2, and G3 can be adjusted. Become. At this time, it is preferable to use a double circular plain washer for the washer 4 which is a stress generating member. In the method of using the stress generating member for sheet glass bonding of the present invention, an inner diameter of 17.0 mm or more, 32. A flat washer that is 0 mm or less, the difference between the inner diameter and the outer shape of the washer, 13.3 mm or more and 29.0 mm or less is preferably used. The thickness of the washer is 4.0 mm or more and 8.0 mm or less.

  In this way, by making the inner diameter of the washer 4 larger than the diameter of the through holes of the plate glasses G1, G2, and G3, the plate glasses G1, G2, and G3 are made by the method of using the plate glass bonding stress generating member of the present invention. When the glass plates G1, G2, and G3 are tightened with the bolts 1 and nuts 2 inserted into the through holes through the washers 4 that are stress generating members, the contact portions between the glass plates G1, G2, and G3 and the washers 4 are joined. Only from the plate glass G1, G2 and G3, the bolt 1 and the bolt 2 in the axial direction due to tightening of the nut 2 will act, and the bolts at the hole ends 5 of the glass plates G1, G2 and G3, where the glass tends to crack. No axial force is applied, in other words, avoiding the hole ends 5 of the glass sheets G1, G2, and G3, where the glass tends to crack, and compressing the inside of the glass sheets G1, G2, and G3. The cause. As a result, the plate glasses G1, G2, and G3 are not easily damaged.

  At this time, in order not to cause a crack due to a strong force in the bolt axial direction generated when the bolt 1 and the nut 2 are strongly tightened, a stress generating member is obtained from the diameter of the through hole formed in the plate glass G1, G2, G3. The inner diameter of the washer 4 is increased by 1.0 mm or more, preferably 4.0 mm or more. At this time, in order to prevent the hole ends 5 of the through holes of the plate glasses G1, G2, and G3 and the washers 4 from overlapping, a plain washer that is a circular washer 4 is used, and the through holes of the plate glasses G1, G2, and G3 are used. The flat washers 4 are preferably arranged concentrically.

  In this way, the inner diameter of the washer 4 is increased by 1.0 mm or more, preferably 4.0 mm or more with respect to the through holes of the plate glasses G1, G2, and G3. In short, the hole ends of the through holes of the plate glasses G1, G2, and G3 The interval from 5 to the washer 4 is 0.5 mm or more, preferably 2.0 mm or more. If the inner diameter of the washer 4 is less than 1 mm with respect to the through hole of the plate glass G, and the distance from the hole end portion 5 of the through hole of the plate glass G1, G2, G3 to the inner periphery of the washer 4 is less than 0.5 mm, the plate glass G1, Stress may be generated at the hole ends 5 of the through holes G2 and G3, which may cause cracks. If the inner diameter of the washer 4 is larger than 20 mm with respect to the diameters of the through holes of the plate glasses G1, G2, and G3, the force in the bolt axis direction becomes difficult to be transmitted, so it is preferably within 20 mm.

  1 to 4, when the bolt insertion holes of the plate glasses G1, G2, G3 and the joining member 3 are arranged concentrically and arranged concentrically, the inner diameter of the washer 4 is the plate glass G1, When it is smaller than the hole diameter of the bolt insertion hole of G2, G3, when the glass G1, G2, G3 or the connection plate 3 is tightened with the bolt 1 and the nut 2 via the washer 4 which is a stress generating member, Stress is generated in the hole end 5 due to the axial force from the washer 4 at the hole ends 5 of G2 and G3, and cracks are likely to occur and the glass sheets G1, G2, and G3 may be damaged.

  Moreover, when joining plate glass using the method for using the stress generating member for joining plate glass of the present invention, the pressure contact area of the washer 4 to the plate glasses G1, G2, G3 is selected by selecting the size of the washer 4. In addition, it is possible to adjust the strength of the compressive stress generated in the glass sheets G1, G2, and G3 by adjusting the force in the bolt axis direction by tightening the bolt 1 and the nut 2.

  The tightening torque of the bolt 1 and nut 2 is a powerful bolt introduced by the high-strength bolt friction joint used as a joining method for steel structures such as bridges and buildings. The force is set to 100 N · m to 1000 N · m to obtain 60 kN to 300 kN.

  Further, when the inner diameter of the washer 4 is smaller than the diagonal distance of the bolt 1, it is easy to fasten the plate glasses G1, G2, G3 or the joining member 3 with a force in the bolt axial direction of 60 kN or more.

  In compression joining, in order to obtain the force in the bolt axial direction by strong tightening of bolts and nuts, high-strength hexagon bolts and nuts, in other words, high-strength hexagon bolts with a mechanical property grade of F8T or higher, or strength classification However, it is preferable to use hexagon bolts and nuts of 8.8, 10.9, and 12.9, or torcia type high strength bolts, and in particular, high strength bolts and nuts for friction joining used in construction, in other words, A high-strength hexagon bolt and nut having a mechanical property grade of F8T or higher is preferably used.

In order to withstand a force in the bolt axial direction of 60 kN or more due to tightening of the bolt 1 and the nut 2, the stress generating member needs to have high rigidity, and Young is a constant that determines the value of strain with respect to the stress within the elastic range. The rate is preferably 180 GPa or more. Young's modulus is referred to as flexural rigidity or flexural rigidity. In addition, in order to withstand a force in the bolt axial direction of 60 kN or more, the stress generating member needs to have high hardness. Using an indenter, a standard load, 9.8 N, a test load, a standard load, It is necessary to have a hardness of H _R C35 or higher in Rockwell hardness, which is the hardness obtained by adding 9.8N and the difference in penetration depth of the indenter. That is, the washer 4 that is a stress generating member has a mechanical grade of F35 or higher so that it can withstand the strong force in the bolt axis direction by tightening a high-strength hexagon bolt and nut of F8T or higher and not be deformed. The washer 4 is preferably used.

  The grade of high-strength hexagon bolts, nuts, and washers according to mechanical properties conforms to JIS B1186-1995 “Set of high-strength hexagon bolts, nuts and plain washers for friction joining”.

  It should be noted that when tightening the bolt 1 and the nut 2, it is easy to tighten, and it is easy to transmit the torque of the tightening tool. Therefore, the washer 6 may be engaged between the bolt 1 and the nut 2 and the joining member.

  As described above, by providing a large number of joints as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3 and joining the glass sheets G1, G2, and G3 as shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, excellent joint strength is obtained for the glass sheets G1, G2, and G3. It is done.

  Sheet glass G1, G2, G3 used for the laminated glass according to the present invention includes a plurality of sheets such as a sheet glass manufactured by a float process, a tempered glass, a double strength glass, a heat ray absorbing glass, a heat ray reflecting glass, and a sheet glass subjected to various surface treatments. Can be appropriately combined.

  In order to obtain a strong bonding strength by tightening the strong bolt 1 and nut 2 by compression bonding, it is preferable to use tempered glass having a surface compressive stress of 80 MPa or more and a thickness of 9.0 mm or more. In addition, instead of the interlayer film around the hole, a laminated glass with a high rigidity spacer that has a through-hole is sandwiched between the glass plates to withstand the axial force of the bolt 1 and nut 2 tightened. The method for using the stress generating member for joining plate glass of the present invention is applied.

  FIG. 5 is a top view of the test piece in this example.

  As shown in FIG. 5, a sheet of tempered glass G1 having a thickness of 12 mm, a size of 300 mm × 300 mm, and a through-hole 7 having a diameter of 24 mmφ in the center was prepared. The tempered glass G1 is obtained by heating a plate glass manufactured by a float process to the vicinity of the softening point and then air-cooling to give a compressive stress to the surface.

  FIG. 6 is an enlarged side view of a joined portion of plate glass in the present embodiment.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the washer 6 was sandwiched between the bolt 1, the nut 2, and the metal plate 3 when joining the tempered glass G <b> 1 and the metal plate 3 as the joining member. The washer 6 is a flat washer having a nominal diameter, M20, thickness, 4.5 mm, outer shape, 40 mm, inner diameter, 21 mm, and a mechanical property grade of F35.

Further, as a stress generating member between the tempered glass G1 and the metal plate 3, the washer 4 sandwiched so as not to apply a force in the bolt axial direction to the hole end portion 5 of the through hole of the tempered glass G has a nominal diameter, A flat washer of F35 was used as the grade according to mechanical properties: M30, thickness 5.5 mm, outer shape, 60 mm, inner diameter, 31 mm. The difference between the inner diameter and the outer diameter of the washer 4 is 29 mm, which is Young's modulus, 210 GPa, Rockwell hardness, and H _R C40.

  A metal plate 3 made of SS400 having a thickness of 12 mm and a hole of 24 mmφ for inserting a bolt was sandwiched between these nominal diameters M20 washer 6 and M30 washer 4. When the washer 4 of M30 is press-contacted to the tempered glass G1, it is made not to contact the hole edge part 5 of the tempered glass G1.

  As shown in FIG. 6, it arrange | positioned so that the through-hole of tempered glass G1 and washer 4 may become concentric, and the distance from the inner periphery of washer 4 to the hole edge part 5 of tempered glass G1 was 3.5 mm Thus, when a force in the axial direction of the bolt is applied, the bolt 1 and the nut 2 are tightened while avoiding the hole end portion 5 which tends to be a starting point of crack generation. In addition, a spacer having a rubber or resin through hole (not shown) is provided in the space portion of the through hole 7 so as to facilitate positioning when the through hole of the tempered glass G1 and the hole of the washer 4 are arranged concentrically. Put in.

  Next, a tightening test of the tempered glass G1 and the metal plate 3 was performed.

  As bolts 1 and nuts 2 for tightening, a set of high strength hexagon bolts and nut washers for friction joining, NS Volten Co., Ltd. was used. Bolt 1 has a nominal diameter, M20, length under neck, 85 mm, diagonal distance, 37 mm, and a grade based on mechanical properties is F10T. The nut 2 has a nominal diameter, M20, a diagonal distance, 37 mm, and a mechanical property grade of F10.

  The nut 2 was screwed into the bolt 1 passed through the hole 7, and was first tightened with a torque wrench with a torque of 150 N · m, and then the nut 2 was rotated 120 degrees therefrom and tightened according to the nut rotation method. Glass G1 was not broken. At this time, the force in the bolt axial direction generated in the bolt 1 was 250 kN.

  The reason why the tempered glass G1 was not damaged by tightening with a force of 250 kN in the bolt axis direction was that the cracks were likely to occur, and the bolt axis direction by tightening the bolt 1 and nut 2 at the hole end 5 of the through hole of the tempered glass G1. In addition to the fact that the direct force is not allowed to act directly, it seems that the occurrence of cracks and propagation of the plate glass was suppressed by the compressive stress at the compression site of the tempered glass G1, and the apparent strength of the plate glass was increased.

  As shown in FIG. 5, a sheet of tempered glass G1 having a thickness of 12 mm, a size of 300 mm × 300 mm, and a hole 7 having a diameter of 20 mmφ at the center was prepared. The tempered glass G1 is heated to the vicinity of the softening point and then air-cooled to give a compressive stress to the surface.

  As shown in FIG. 6, when the plate glass G <b> 1 and the metal plate 3 were joined, a washer 6 was sandwiched between the bolt 1, the nut 2, and the metal plate 3. The washer 6 is an M16 washer 5, thickness 4.5 mm, outer shape, 32 mm, inner diameter, 17 mm, and a mechanical washer grade F35.

Further, the washer 4 sandwiched between the tempered glass G1 and the metal plate 3 as a stress generating member so as not to apply compressive stress to the hole end 5 of the tempered glass G has a nominal diameter, M24, and a thickness of 5.5 mm. A flat washer of F35 was used as a grade according to mechanical properties, outer diameter, 48 mm, inner diameter, 25 mm. The difference between the inner diameter and the outer diameter of the washer 4 is 23 mm, which is Young's modulus, 210 GPa, Rockwell hardness, and H _R C40.

  A metal plate 3 made of SS400 having a thickness of 12 mm and a hole of 20 mmφ for inserting a bolt was sandwiched between the washer 6 of M16 and the washer 4 of M24. When the washer 4 of M24 is press-contacted to the tempered glass G1, it is made not to contact the hole edge part 5 of the tempered glass G1.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the through hole of the tempered glass G1 and the washer 4 are arranged so as to be concentric, and the distance from the inner periphery of the washer 4 to the hole end 5 of the tempered glass G1 is 2.5 mm. Thus, when a force in the axial direction of the bolt is applied, the bolt end 1 is tightened with the bolt 1 and the nut 2 while avoiding the hole end portion 5 having a great concern as a starting point of crack generation. In addition, a spacer having a rubber or resin through hole (not shown) is provided in the space portion of the through hole 7 so as to facilitate positioning when the through hole of the tempered glass G1 and the hole of the washer 4 are arranged concentrically. Put in.

  Next, a tightening test of the tempered glass G1 and the metal plate 3 was performed.

  The bolt 1 and nut 2 for tightening were a set of high-strength hexagon bolts and nut washers for friction joining, NS Volten Co., Ltd., and the bolt 1 was nominal diameter, M16, neck length, 85mm, Angular distance, 31 mm, mechanical property grade is F10T. The nut 2 has a nominal diameter, M16, diagonal distance, 31 mm, and the grade based on mechanical properties is F10.

  The nut 2 was screwed into the bolt 1 passed through the hole 7, and was first tightened with a torque wrench with a torque of 100 N · m, and then the nut 2 was rotated 120 degrees therefrom and tightened according to the nut rotation method. G was not damaged. At this time, the force in the bolt axial direction generated in the bolt 1 was 150 kN.

  The reason why the tempered glass G1 was not damaged by tightening with a force in the direction of the bolt axis of 150 kN was that the bolts 1 and nuts 2 were tightened at the hole end portion 5 of the through hole of the tempered glass G1. In addition to the fact that the direct force is not allowed to act directly, it seems that the occurrence of cracks and propagation of the plate glass was suppressed by the compressive stress at the compression site of the tempered glass G1, and the apparent strength of the plate glass was increased.

The glass tightening test was carried out in the same procedure as in Example 2 except that a washer 4 having a nominal diameter of M20, a thickness of 4.5 mm, an outer shape of 40 mm, an inner diameter of 21 m, and a mechanical property grade of F35 was used. went. The difference between the inner diameter and the outer diameter of the washer 4 is 19 mm, which is Young's modulus, 210 GPa, Rockwell hardness, and H _R C40.

  By setting the distance from the inner periphery of the washer 4 to the hole end 5 of the tempered glass G1 to 0.5 mm, avoid the hole end 5 that tends to start cracking when a force in the bolt axial direction is applied. The bolt 1 and the nut 2 were tightened.

  As in Examples 1 and 2, a tightening test of the tempered glass G1 and the metal plate 3 was performed, but the glass was not damaged.

The reason why the tempered glass G1 was not damaged by tightening with a force in the direction of the bolt axis of 150 kN was that the bolts 1 and nuts 2 were tightened at the hole end portion 5 of the through hole of the tempered glass G1. In addition to the fact that the direct force is not allowed to act directly, it seems that the occurrence of cracks and propagation of the plate glass was suppressed by the compressive stress at the compression site of the tempered glass G1, and the apparent strength of the plate glass was increased.
(Comparative Example 1)
A tempered glass G and a metal were used in the same procedure as in Example 2 except that the washer 4 was a nominal diameter, M16, thickness 4.5 mm, outer shape, 32 mm, inner diameter, 17 mm, and mechanical grade F35. A tightening test of the plate 3 was performed. The difference between the inner diameter and the outer diameter of the washer 4 is 15 mm, which is Young's modulus, 210 GPa, Rockwell hardness, and H _R C40.

  Since the distance from the inner periphery of the washer 4 to the hole end 5 of the tempered glass G5 is −1.5 mm, the hole end 5 and the washer 4 that are likely to start cracks come into contact with each other. The force in the bolt axial direction generated when the bolt 5 and the nut 2 are fastened to the end 5 directly acts as a pressing force. As a result of performing a fastening test of the tempered glass G and the metal plate 3, the tempered glass G Was damaged. That is, the glass in the direction of the bolt axis was directly applied to the hole end portion 7 by tightening the bolt 1 and the nut 2 of the tempered glass G, and the tempered glass G was broken.

  FIG. 7 is a top view of the test piece in this example.

  As shown in FIG. 7, two tempered glasses G2 and G3 having a plate thickness of 12 mm, a size, and a 300 mm × 300 mm square with a through hole 7 of 24 mmφ in the center were prepared. The tempered glasses G2 and G3 are obtained by heating a plate glass manufactured by a float process to the vicinity of the softening point and then air-cooling to give a compressive stress to the surface.

  FIG. 8 is an enlarged side view of a joined portion of plate glass in the embodiment of the present invention. The sections other than the bolt 1 and nut 2 are shown in cross section.

  As shown in FIG. 8, a washer 6 is sandwiched between the bolt 1, the nut 2, and the washer 4. The washer 6 is a flat washer having a nominal diameter, M20, thickness, 4.5 mm, outer diameter, 40 mm, inner diameter, 21 mm, and mechanical properties of F35. By using the washer 6, it is easy to tighten when tightening the bolt 1 and the nut 2 which are a pair of tightening members, and it is easy to transmit the torque of the tightening tool.

In addition, when the tempered glasses G2 and G3 are overlapped and joined, the stress generating member is provided between the tempered glasses G2 and G3 and the washer 6 so as not to apply compressive stress to the hole ends 5 of the tempered glasses G2 and G3. The washer 4 to be sandwiched and the washer 4 to be sandwiched between the tempered glasses G2 and G3 have a nominal diameter, M30, thickness, 5.5 mm, outer diameter, 60 mm, inner diameter, 31 mm, and a mechanical washer grade F35 Was used. The difference between the inner diameter and the outer diameter of the washer 4 is 29 mm, which is Young's modulus, 210 GPa, Rockwell hardness, and H _R C40.

  When the washers 4 of each M30 are pressed against the tempered glasses G2 and G3, they are arranged so as to be concentric with the through holes of the tempered glasses G2 and G3, and are attached to the hole ends 5 of the through holes of the tempered glasses G2 and G3. Prevents the washer 4 from contacting.

  As shown in FIG. 8, the through holes 7 of the tempered glass G2 and G3 and the washer 4 are arranged concentrically, and the distance from the inner periphery of the washer 3 to the hole end 5 of the tempered glass G2 and G3 is 3 .5mm, when the bolt axial direction force by tightening bolt 1 and nut 2 is applied, it can be tightened with bolt 1 and nut 2 while avoiding the hole end 5 of the through hole 7 which tends to be the starting point of cracking. I made it. In order to facilitate positioning when the through holes 7 of the tempered glasses G2 and G3 and the through holes of the washer 4 are arranged concentrically, a spacer having a rubber or resin through hole (not shown) is inserted. It was put in the space of the hole 7.

  Next, a tightening test of the tempered glasses G2 and G3 was performed.

  As bolts 1 and nuts 2 for tightening, a set of high strength hexagon bolts and nut washers for friction joining, NS Volten Co., Ltd. was used. Bolt 1 has a nominal diameter, M20, length under neck, 80 mm, diagonal distance, 37 mm, and the grade according to mechanical properties is F10T. The nut 2 has a nominal diameter, M20, a diagonal distance, 37 mm, and a mechanical property grade of F10.

  The nut 2 is screwed into the bolt 1 passed through the laminated tempered glass G2 and G3 and the individual washers 4 and 6, and first tightened with a torque wrench with a torque of 150 N · m, and then the nut 2 is moved 120 degrees from there. Although it was rotated and tightened according to the nut rotation method, the tempered glass G2 and G3 were not damaged. At this time, the force in the bolt axial direction generated in the bolt 1 was 250 kN.

  Tightening with a force of 250 kN in the bolt axial direction, the tempered glass G2 and G3 were not damaged, the crack was easily generated, and the force in the bolt axial direction was directly applied to the hole end 4 of the through hole of the tempered glass G2 and G3. In addition to the fact that it was not allowed to act, it is considered that cracking and propagation of the plate glass were suppressed by the compressive stress at the compression sites of the tempered glasses G2 and G3, and the apparent strength of the plate glass was increased.

  As shown in FIG. 7, two tempered glasses G2 and G3 having a thickness of 12 mm, a size, and a 300 mm × 300 mm square with a through hole 7 of 20 mmφ in the center were prepared. The tempered glasses G2 and G3 are heated to the vicinity of the softening point and then air-cooled to give a compressive stress to the surface.

  As shown in FIG. 8, a washer 6 is sandwiched between a bolt 1, a nut 2, and a washer 3 as a pair of fastening members. For the washer 6, a plain washer with a nominal diameter, M16, thickness, 4.5 mm, outer diameter, 32 mm, inner diameter, 17 mm, and mechanical properties of F35 was used. By using the washer 6, it is easy to tighten the bolt 1 and the nut 2 and to transmit the torque of the tightening tool.

Further, when the tempered glasses G2 and G3 are bonded together, the tempered glasses G2 and G3 and the washer 6 are used as stress generating members so that compressive stress does not act on the hole ends 5 of the through holes 7 of the tempered glasses G2 and G3. For the washer 4 sandwiched between and between the tempered glasses G2 and G3, a plain washer of nominal diameter, M24, thickness 5.5 mm, outer diameter, 48 mm, inner diameter, 25 mm and mechanical properties of F35 was used. The difference between the inner diameter and the outer diameter of the washer 4 is 23 mm, which is Young's modulus, 210 GPa, Rockwell hardness, and H _R C40.

  When the washers 4 of each M24 are pressed against the tempered glasses G2 and G3, the washer 4 is not brought into contact with the hole ends 5 of the through holes 7 of the tempered glasses G2 and G3.

  As shown in FIG. 8, the through holes 7 of the tempered glass G2 and G3 and the washer 4 are arranged so as to be concentric, and the distance from the inner periphery of the washer 4 to the hole end 5 of the tempered glass G2 and G3. When the force in the direction of the bolt axis is applied, the end portion 5 of the through hole 7 that tends to be the starting point of crack generation is avoided and the bolt 1 and the nut 2 are tightened. In order to facilitate positioning when the through holes 7 of the tempered glasses G2 and G3 and the washer 4 are arranged concentrically, a spacer having a rubber or resin through hole (not shown) is provided in the space of the through hole 7. Put it in the department.

  Next, a tightening test of the tempered glasses G2 and G3 was performed.

  The bolt 1 and nut 2 for tightening were a set of high-strength hexagon bolts and nut washers for friction joining, NS Volten Co., Ltd., and the bolt 1 was nominal diameter, M16, neck length, 80mm, Angular distance, 31 mm, mechanical property grade is F10T. The nut 2 has a nominal diameter, M16, diagonal distance, 31 mm, and the grade based on mechanical properties is F10.

  The nuts 2 are screwed into the bolts 1 passed through the individual washers 4 and 6 in the laminated tempered glasses G2 and G3, and first tightened with a torque wrench with a torque of 100 N · m, and then the nut 2 is removed from there. The tempered glass G2 and G3 were not damaged. At this time, the force in the bolt axial direction generated in the bolt 1 was 250 kN.

  The reason why the tempered glass G2 and G3 were not damaged by tightening with a force of 250 kN in the bolt axial direction was that the force in the bolt axial direction was directly applied to the hole end 5 of the through hole of the tempered glass G2 and G3. In addition to the fact that it was not allowed to act, it is considered that cracking and propagation of the plate glass were suppressed by the compressive stress at the compression sites of the tempered glasses G2 and G3, and the apparent strength of the plate glass was increased.

The glass was tightened in the same manner as in Example 2 except that a flat washer of nominal diameter, M20, thickness 4.5 mm, outer diameter, 40 mm, inner diameter, 21 m, mechanical properties F35 was used for the washer 4. Tested. The difference between the inner diameter and the outer diameter of the washer 4 is 19 mm, which is Young's modulus, 210 GPa, Rockwell hardness, and H _R C40.

  By setting the distance from the inner periphery of the washer 4 to the hole end 5 of the through hole of the tempered glass G to 0.5 mm, the hole end 4 is likely to become a starting point of cracking when a force in the bolt axial direction is applied. The bolt 1 and the nut 2 were tightened.

  As in Examples 1 and 2, a tightening test of tempered glass G2 and G3 was performed, but the glass was not damaged.

The reason that the tempered glass G2 and G3 were not damaged by tightening with a force of 150 kN in the bolt axis direction was that the force in the bolt axis direction was applied directly to the hole end 5 of the through hole of the tempered glass G2 and G3. In addition to the fact that it was not allowed to act, it is considered that cracking and propagation of the plate glass were suppressed by the compressive stress at the compression sites of the tempered glasses G2 and G3, and the apparent strength of the plate glass was increased.
(Comparative Example 2)
The tempered glass G2 was made in the same procedure as in Example 2 except that a plain washer of nominal diameter, M16, thickness 4.5 mm, outer diameter, 32 mm, inner diameter, 17 mm, mechanical properties F35 was used for the washer 4. , G3 tightening test was performed. The difference between the inner diameter and the outer diameter of the washer 4 is 15 mm, which is Young's modulus, 210 GPa, Rockwell hardness, and H _R C40.

The distance from the inner periphery of the washer 4 to the hole end 5 of the through hole of the tempered glass G2 and G3 is −1.5 mm, the hole end 5 of the through hole 7 and the washer 4 are overlapped, and cracks are easily generated. The hole end 5 of the through hole 7 and the washer 4 which are of great concern as starting points of damage come into contact with each other, and the bolt axial force generated at other times is tightened to the hole end 5 of the through hole 7 with the bolt 1 and the nut 2. As a result, the tempered glass G2 and G3 were damaged, and the tempered glass G2 and G3 were damaged. That is, the tempered glass G2 and G3 were damaged by the direct action of the force in the direction of the bolt axis on the hole ends 5 of the through holes 7 of the tempered glasses G2 and G3, which are likely to break the glass.
(Joint load resistance test)
Subsequently, the evaluation test of the joining strength of the plate glass and the metal plate by the method of using the stress generating member for joining plate glass of the present invention was performed.

  FIG. 9 is an explanatory view showing the shape of a glass test piece having the joint structure of the present invention.

  First, the glass test piece used for the joint strength evaluation test will be described.

  The dimensions of the tempered glass G4 used in the test are a plate thickness, 19 mm, a width of 500 mm, and a length of 2300 mm. At one end of the hole, an interval of 300 mm in the width direction of the tempered glass G4 and an interval of 200 mm in the length direction. 4 bolt insertion holes 8 having a hole diameter of 24 mm are provided.

  (A) of FIG. 10 is a side view of a load resistance test apparatus for a joint, and (B) is a top view.

  As shown in FIGS. 10A and 10B, a pair of L-shaped stainless steel plates having a thickness of 12 mm and a metal plate 3 fastened and fixed to the fixing portion 9 with bolts 10 are bolts 1 and nuts. 2 and the washers 4 and 6, the hole ends of the tempered glass G were fixed so as to be the method of using the stress generating member for joining plate glass of the present invention.

  Bolt 1 uses nominal diameter, M20, neck length 120mm, mechanical grade, F10T, and nut 2 uses nominal diameter, M20, mechanical grade, F10 For the washer 6, a nominal diameter, M20, a thickness of 4.5 mm, an outer shape, 40 mm, an inner diameter, 21 mm, and F35 as a grade based on mechanical properties were used.

In addition, the washer 4 sandwiched between the tempered glass G4 and the metal plate 3 as a stress generating member so as not to apply compressive stress to the hole end 5 of the tempered glass G4 has a nominal diameter, a washer 6 of M30, a thickness. 5.5 mm, outer shape, 60 mm, inner diameter, 31 mm, and mechanical properties of F35 were used. The difference between the inner diameter and the outer diameter of the washer 4 is 29 mm, which is Young's modulus, 210 GPa, Rockwell hardness, and H _R C40.

  The nut 2 was screwed into the bolt 1 and first tightened with a torque wrench with a torque of 150 N · m, and then the nut 2 was rotated 120 degrees therefrom and tightened according to the nut rotation method. At this time, the force in the bolt axial direction generated in the bolt 1 was 250 kN.

  In the load resistance test apparatus shown in FIG. 10, the joint 11 when a load is applied vertically upward of 0 to 20 kN in the direction of the arrow in FIG. 6 on the opposite end of the tempered glass G4 fixed. The amount of vertical upward displacement of the bolt and the amount of vertical upward displacement of the tempered glass G4 directly above the joint 11 are measured, and the amount of vertical upward displacement of the bolt is subtracted from the amount of vertical upward displacement of the tempered glass G4. Was measured as the amount of slip of tempered glass G.

  FIG. 11 is a graph showing the correlation between the slip amount of tempered glass and the vertically upward load.

  As shown in the graph of FIG. 11, until the load was 17 kN, the displacement amounts of the bolt 1 and the tempered glass G4 were almost equal, and no slip occurred. In this state, since the bolt 1 does not contact the bolt insertion hole of the tempered glass G4, in other words, the hole end 5 of the through hole, the tempered glass G4 is not damaged.

  On the other hand, when the load was higher than 17 kN, the amount of displacement of the tempered glass G4 increased rapidly, the tempered glass G4 began to slide, and the tempered glass G4 began to rotate around the centers of the four joints. This is considered to be due to the fact that the couple force acting on the joint became larger than the joint force of the compression joint by the method of using the sheet glass joining stress generating member of the present invention by applying a vertically upward load. That is, the bonding strength of this rib glass is 17 kN. In other words, even if a 17 kN load is applied to the opposite side of the fixed end of the rib glass, the glass is not damaged. Further, even after the tempered glass G4 began to slide, a load was applied up to 20 kN, but the tempered glass G4 was not damaged. This is considered to be due to the fact that the dynamic frictional force due to compression bonding works even after the tempered glass G4 starts to slide, and shares a part of the force acting on the through hole of the tempered glass G4.

  When this test result is compared with the fixing method of the conventional glass panel which adhere | attaches plate glass and a joining member, in the Example of patent document 1, the length of a tempered glass plate is 1719 mm, the width | variety of a fixed end is 325 mm, tip It is described that when the hole end (load load side) has a width of 244 mm, a thickness of 19 mm, and three male screw members are inserted at a pitch of 100 mm, the glass broke at about 9.8 kN (1000 kgf). Taking into account the moment length, which is the distance from the joint to the site to which the load is applied, compared to the load resistance test of this joint, the joint strength of the compression joint by the method of using the stress generating member for sheet glass joining of the present invention is: Although the moment length is long and the load resistance test is severe, the bonding strength of the plate glass is 1.7 times higher.

  In addition, compared with the fixing method of the conventional glass panel which adhere | attaches the plate glass and the joining member which will destroy a joining part at once when an adhesion part is destroyed, it is the compression joining by the usage method of the stress generation member for sheet glass joining of this invention. Is a part of the force acting on the through hole of the tempered glass G4 due to the dynamic frictional force due to the compression joining even if the joint 1 is displaced due to the force of the bolt 1 and the bolt 2 in the tightening bolt axial direction. Therefore, the glass was not damaged, and a load was applied up to 20 kN even after the tempered glass G4 began to slide, but the tempered glass G4 was not damaged. When positioning is made when the through hole of the tempered glass G4 and the washer 4 are arranged concentrically, if a concentric spacer made of rubber or resin (not shown) is placed in the space of the through hole, a deviation occurs. It is preferable to insert a spacer because the hole end portion 5 of the tempered glass G4 and the shaft portion of the bolt 1 are directly buffered and the breakage is further suppressed.

  In the method of using the stress generating member for joining glass sheets of the present invention, the reinforced glass sheet G4, the washer 4 and the L-shaped metal plate 3 are integrated through the washer 4 by the force in the bolt axial direction of the bolt 1 and nut 2. Thus, even when a vertical load is applied, slip displacement of the tempered glass G is less likely to occur, and the joint strength and durability of the joint are improved compared to the conventional joining method in which the plate glass and the joining member are bonded. I understood it.

  In addition, in the conventional glass panel fixing method that bonds the plate glass and the bonding member, the plate glass is damaged before the plate glass starts to slide, so it is not possible to increase the bonding strength any more by increasing the number of bonds. In this joining method, the joining strength can be easily increased by increasing the number of joining.

  From this, for example, when constructing a glass screen, the rib glass as a standing glass used for supporting the surface glass forming the glass screen is lengthened, and when the hole end is joined and supported thereon, the plate glass of the present invention is used. It has been found that the method of using the joining stress generating member is more advantageous because the joining strength is higher.

  As described above, the method of using the stress generating member for joining glass sheets according to the present invention can obtain an excellent support strength without using an adhesive, and is unnecessary after the construction of the glass screen by using no adhesive. Disassembly is easy.

  The method of using the stress generating member for joining glass sheets of the present invention is used for large buildings such as glass screens composed of glass walls, glass roofs, and openings using large glass sheets.

  For example, it is used for a rib glass screen by a glass stabilizer method, which is a method of supporting a wind load applied to a front glass (face plate) by using an inconspicuous glass stand (rib glass) instead of a conspicuous metal stand.

  By using the method and method for using the stress generating member for joining glass sheets of the present invention and joining the glass plates, a long glass frame, in other words, a long rib glass is provided.

  Moreover, it is also possible to connect the joining plate attached to the rib glass to the glass screen, and since the bolt can be connected to the glass screen, the degree of freedom in designing the rib glass screen is expanded.

It is an enlarged side view of an example of the joined part of plate glass and a joining member by the usage method of the stress generation member for sheet glass joining of the present invention. (A) is a front view of an example of the joined part of plate glass and a joining member by the usage method of the stress generation member for sheet glass joining of the present invention. (B) is a side view thereof. It is an enlarged side view of an example of the junction part of plate glass by the usage method of the stress generation member for plate glass joining of this invention. It is a front view of an example of the joined part of sheet glass by the usage method of the stress generation member for sheet glass joining of the present invention. It is a top view of the test piece in a present Example. It is an enlarged side view of the junction part of the plate glass in a present Example. It is a top view of the test piece in a present Example. It is an enlarged side view of the junction part of the plate glass in the Example of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the shape of the glass test piece which has the joining structure of this invention. (A) is a side view of a load resistance test device for a joint, and (B) is a top view. It is a graph which shows the correlation of the slip amount of a tempered glass, and the load of a vertical upward.

Explanation of symbols

G1, G2, G3, G4 Sheet glass (tempered glass)
1 Bolt 2 Nut 3 Metal plate (joining member)
4 Washers (stress generating members)
5 Hole end portion 6 Washer 7 Through hole 8 Through hole 9 Fixing portion 10 Bolt 11 Joint portion

Claims (12)

A sheet glass and a joining member are stacked, a pair of fastening members are inserted into through holes formed in the sheet glass and the joining member, and the plate glass and the joining member are joined by a force of 60 kN or more and 300 kN or less generated by fastening the sheet glass and the joining member. At the junction,
Young's modulus, 180 GPa or more, 230 GPa or less, Rockwell hardness, H _R C35 or more, H _R C45 or less stress generating member is sandwiched between the plate glass and the bonding member, and pressed against the plate glass ,
The stress generating member has a through hole, and the diameter of the through hole is a washer larger than the diameter of the through hole formed in the plate glass,
It is arranged so as to be concentric with the through hole of the plate glass, and a pair of tightening members or bolts are inserted into the through hole.
The usage method of the stress generation member for sheet glass joining used in the construction field characterized by the above-mentioned. A pair of tightening members are bolts and nuts. The plate glass and the joining member are overlapped, the bolt is inserted into a through hole formed in the plate glass and the joining member, and the plate glass and the joining member are tightened with a nut screwed to the bolt. Stress generation of Young's modulus, 180 GPa or more, 230 GPa or less, Rockwell hardness, H _R C35 or more, H _R C45 or less at the joint portion of the plate glass where the plate glass and the joining member are joined by a force of 60 kN or more and 300 kN or less in the bolt axis direction. The method of using a stress generating member for joining a sheet glass according to claim 1, wherein the member is sandwiched between the sheet glass and the joining member and pressed against the sheet glass. At least two plate glasses are stacked, a pair of fastening members are inserted into through-holes formed in the plate glass, and the plate glass is bonded to each other by a force of 60 kN or more and 300 kN or less generated by fastening the plate glass. , 180 GPa or more, 230 GPa or less, Rockwell hardness, H _R C35 or more, H _R C45 or less stress generating member is sandwiched between the sheet glass and the sheet glass, and is pressed into the sheet glass, the sheet glass used in the building field Usage of stress generating member for joining. A pair of tightening members are bolts and nuts, and at least two or more plate glasses are stacked, bolts are inserted into through holes formed in the plate glass, and bolt shafts are generated by tightening the plate glass with bolts and nuts screwed into the bolts. In the joint portion of the plate glasses obtained by joining the plate glasses with a force of 60 kN or more and 300 kN or less in the direction, a stress generating member having a Young's modulus, 180 GPa or more and 230 GPa or less, Rockwell hardness, H _R C35 or more, H _R C45 or less is used as the plate glass. The method of using a stress generating member for joining a sheet glass used in the construction field according to claim 3, wherein the sheet glass is sandwiched between the sheet glass and pressed against the sheet glass. A pair of tightening members are bolts and nuts. At least two or more plate glasses are stacked, bolts are inserted into through holes formed in the plate glass, and a plurality of plate glasses are tightened with bolts and nuts screwed into the bolts. In the joint portion of the plate glasses obtained by joining the plate glasses with a force of 60 kN or more and 300 kN or less in the bolt axis direction, a stress generating member having Young's modulus, 180 GPa or more and 230 GPa or less, Rockwell hardness, H _R C35 or more, H _R C45 or less. 5. A stress generating member for joining a sheet glass used in the construction field according to claim 4, wherein the member is sandwiched between a bolt head and a sheet glass, between a sheet glass and a sheet glass, and between a nut and a sheet glass and pressed against the sheet glass. How to use. The said washer is 17.0 mm or more and 32.0 mm or less in internal diameter, Use of the stress generation member for plate glass joining used in the construction field of any one of Claim 1 thru | or 5 characterized by the above-mentioned. Method. The platen bonding stress generating member used in the construction field according to claim 6 , wherein the washer is a plain washer, and the difference between the inner diameter and the outer shape of the washer is 13.3 mm or more and 29.0 mm or less. How to use. The use of the stress generating member for joining a sheet glass according to any one of claims 1 to 7 , wherein the washer has a thickness of 4.0 mm or more and 8.7 mm or less. Method. 9. The generation of stress for joining plate glass used in the construction field according to claim 7 or 8 , wherein a diameter of a through hole of a washer which is a stress generating member is smaller than an outer diameter of a bolt head and a nut. How to use the member.   The bolt and nut is a hexagon bolt and nut, and the diameter of the through hole of the washer which is a stress generating member is made smaller than the diagonal distance of the hexagon bolt and nut. To use a stress generating member for sheet glass bonding.   The joining part of the plate glass in which the usage method of the stress generation member for plate glass joining used in the construction field of any one of Claims 1 thru | or 10 is used. Buildings by plate glass that have a joint of the glass sheet of claim 11.

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