JPH08120786A - Joint structure for wooden member - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To efficiently transmit the external force, when the tensile force and the moment which are transmitted to a wooden member acts. CONSTITUTION: A plurality of all-screw bolts 15 are arranged and screwed in the axial direction from the butt end surface of a wooden member 10. On the basic end side of each all-screw bolt 15 is fixed on an attached plate 12 which is formed by attaching one surface onto the butt end surface of the wooden member 10 by the screw action. On the other surface side of the attached plate 12 is fixed with a base 18 as jointed member and a foundation 17 by an all-screw bolt 13. A coach bolt may be screwed in substitution for the all-screw bolt 15.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a joint structure in a joint portion of wood which is used as a structural material in a building or the like and is subjected to a tensile force or a moment.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, wood (for example, lumber, laminated wood,
In a building or the like that uses LVL (single board laminated material), plywood, or OSB, etc. as a structural material, wood joints (for example, joints between columns and foundations, joints between columns and foundations, foundations, The connection between columns and beams, the connection between beams, the connection between columns, and also the connection between upper chord members and lower chord members in a truss structure, or the bracing between these upper chord members and lower chord members. In the joint portion, etc.), the tensile force and the moment are transmitted from the mating member to which the wood is joined.

Conventionally, a structure as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 has been adopted as a joint structure for transmitting a tensile force to wood.

That is, the joining structure shown in FIG.
Steel plates 2 are brought into contact with two parallel surfaces of the wood plate 1 and the wood plate 1 and the wood plate 1 are fixed by bolts 3, and the steel plate plates 2 are arranged from the end face of the wood plate 1 in the length direction of the wood plate 1. The wood 1 is joined to the mating material by projecting it and bringing the end surface of the wood 1 into contact with the mating material to be joined, and then fixing the steel plate 2 to the mating material. .

Further, in the joint structure shown in FIG. 2, a slit 4 having a predetermined depth is formed from the end face of the wood 1, a steel plate 5 is inserted into the slit 4, and the steel plate 5 and the wood 1 are
The timber 1 is fixed by a drift pin 6 driven from the side surface, and the protruding portion of the steel plate 5 from the end surface of the timber 1 is fixed to a mating member so that the timber 1 and the mating member are joined. is there.

[0006]

By the way, such a conventional wood joining structure is shear joining using bolts and drift pins, but any of them has the following problems.

That is, with such a shear-bonded structure, when a tensile force acts on the wooden piece 1, as shown in FIG. 3, the bolt 3 and the drift pin 6 are inserted through the through hole 7 to insert the wooden piece 1 into the wooden piece 1. Split fracture (R) occurs along the fiber direction, and even if the number of installed bolts 3 and drift pins 6 is increased, it is difficult to approach the original cross-section tensile strength of the wood 1. There is a problem such as.

In addition, with the above-mentioned conventional joining structure, it is inevitable that play will occur between the bolt 3 or the drift pin 6 and the through hole 7, but due to this, the wood 1
When a tensile force is applied to the timber 1, slippage occurs between the bolt 3 or the drift pin 6 and the wooden piece 1, and there is a problem that the initial rigidity against the tensile force is low as shown in the conventional shear joint in FIG. are doing.

Further, since the heads of the bolts 3 and the drift pins 6 are exposed on the surface of the wood 1, the fire resistance is low, and in order to improve the fire resistance, these bolts 3 and the drift pins 6 are required. It is necessary to cover the exposed portion of No. 6, which makes the construction complicated and the construction cost rises.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems in the prior art. When the tensile force or moment transmitted to the wood acts, these external forces can be efficiently transmitted, and It is an object of the present invention to provide a joint structure that can be easily constructed and can reduce construction costs.

[0011]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the wood joining structure according to claim 1 of the present invention is a wood joining structure used as a structural material,
A plurality of bolts are screwed side by side in the axial direction from the vertices of the timbers to be joined, and the base end side of each bolt is supported or fixed to a backing plate. It is applied to a surface, and the other surface side is characterized in that the timber to be joined and the mating material are joined by being fixed to the mating material to be joined.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the present invention, the bolts are coach bolts, and the coach bolts are opened in the thickness direction of the pad plate. The screw head is inserted into the through hole, and the screw head is supported by the contact plate.

[0013]

In the wood joining structure according to the first aspect of the present invention, the screw thread of each bolt screwed into the wood bites into the fiber of the wood, and the external force acting through the pad plate and each bolt. Are evenly distributed and transmitted to the surrounding wooden parts in contact with the respective threads.

If the external force increases and shear failure occurs between the wood part of the part sandwiched by the screw threads of the bolt and the surrounding wood part, and the bolt comes off, the yield strength of the wood is reduced. It will be lost.

The proof stress of this joint structure is proportional to the area of attachment between the screw thread and the wood portion. The bolt is
Since a plurality of bolts are screwed in parallel, the external force can be distributed to each bolt via the contact plate and the adhesion area can be increased as compared with the case where one bolt is screwed in. A large yield strength can be obtained.

Moreover, since the screw threads of each of the bolts bite into the wood portion, no gap is formed between them and slippage between them is suppressed when an external force is applied, thereby ensuring the initial rigidity. To be done.

Further, since each bolt is embedded inside the wood, it is possible to realize a fireproof design by a burning margin.

In addition, if the caul plate is applied to the mouth of the wood in advance at the factory and each bolt is screwed into the wood,
In the field construction, it is possible to carry out a simple work of simply tightening the nut, so that the construction cost can be reduced.

With the joint structure of the present invention, not only tensile strength but also compression strength can be obtained.

Therefore, the present invention is sufficiently applicable to a rigid-frame joint for transmitting moments, and since the moment and the shearing force can be simultaneously transmitted by each bolt, the present invention is applicable to all joints of a wooden structure. be able to.

As the bolt of the present invention, a full-screw bolt or the like can be used. According to the invention of claim 2, each bolt has the same effect as that of the invention of claim 1. Since it is a coach bolt, a through hole is opened in the thickness direction of the backing plate, the coach bolt is inserted into this hole, and the screw head is supported by the backing plate, The external force can be transmitted to the wood through (the full screw bolt requires relatively complicated work such as opening the female screw in the thickness direction of the backing plate and fixing the base end by the screw action). Also, since the ready-made coach bolt can be used as it is, the cost can be reduced.

[0022]

[Embodiment] Next, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
This will be described with reference to FIG.

First, the construction of the wood used in this embodiment will be described. In FIG. 5, reference numeral 10 indicates wood constituting the joint structure of the present embodiment. The wood 10 is formed to have a substantially square cross section, and a hole 14 having a predetermined inner diameter is formed from the mouth end surface of the wood 10. It is formed by lining up a plurality of pieces at a predetermined axial depth, and the back plate 1 is attached to the wood mouth surface.
One side of 2 is applied. As shown in FIG. 6, the contact plate 12 is a substantially square steel plate, and a plurality of female screws 121 are formed corresponding to the holes 14 so as to penetrate in the thickness direction. Further, a plurality of full-screw bolts 15 are screwed into each hole 14 from each female screw 121. As a result, the base end side of each full-screw bolt 15 has the backing plate 12
It is fixed by the screw action.

The full-screw bolt 15 is screwed into the wood 10 to a predetermined depth, and the inner diameter of the hole 14 is formed to be approximately the same as the root diameter of the full-screw bolt 15. The full-screw bolt 15 is fixed to the wood 10 by screwing the screw thread so as to bite the fibers of the wood 10.

The wood 10 used in this embodiment is shown in FIG.
As shown in (and FIG. 6), it may be configured as follows.

That is, in place of the female screw 121 of the backing plate 12, a non-threaded through hole 122 is formed, and instead of the full screw bolt 15, a coach bolt 16 is provided. Screw to depth. In this state,
The screw head 160 on the base end side of the coach bolt 16 is the pad plate 12.
Is supported by the through hole 122 portion of the.

In both the example of FIG. 5 and the example of FIG. 7, the number of full-screw bolts 15 and coach bolts 16 is 1 in 4 rows and 4 columns.
Although shown with two lines, this number is merely an example, and can be 9 lines in 3 rows and 3 columns, or any other number (also shown with various numbers in various examples described later).

Next, the timber 1 thus constructed
A first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 6, in which 0 is used as a pillar provided on both sides of the bearing wall and the wood 10 is joined to the base 18 and the foundation 17.
In this embodiment, even if the wood 10 using the full screw bolt 15 shown in FIG. 5 is used, the coach bolt 1 shown in FIG.
Although the wood 10 using 6 may be used, the wood 10 using the full screw bolt 15 will be described below (the same applies to the second and third embodiments described later).

In the present embodiment, first, the sheath tube 15 is embedded in a state in which the upper portion is opened so as to correspond to the mounting position of the column of the foundation 17, and the foundation 17 is also embedded.
A through hole 20 is formed in the base 18 installed above so as to be coaxial with the sheath tube 19.
9 is filled with uncured grout mortar G. One end of the full screw bolt 13 is fixed to the central portion of the plate surface of the address plate 2 by a screw action or the like.

With respect to the foundation 17 and the base 18 thus prepared, as shown in FIG. 8, the wood (column) 10 in which the full screw bolts 15 are screwed is attached to the tip of the full screw bolts 13. After hoisting so that it is on the lower side,
The full screw bolt 13 is positioned so as to be coaxial with the through hole 20 of the base 18, and the wood 10 is lowered from this state to insert the full screw bolt 13 into the sheath tube 19 through the through hole 20 of the base 18. At the same time, the opening of the wood 10 is brought into contact with the upper surface of the base 18.

Then, while maintaining this state, the grout mortar G in the sheath tube 19 is solidified and the foundation 17
The wood 10 and the base 18 and the foundation 17 are joined to each other through the full screw bolt 13 and the address plate 12 by fixing the full screw bolt 13 and the full screw bolt 13.

Wood (column) 10 joined in this way
When the pulling force acts on the timber, the pulling force
It is transmitted directly to the foundation 17 via each full-threaded bolt 15 screwed into zero.

Here, the tensile proof stress at this joint is determined by the tensile proof stress between the full screw bolt 15 and the wood 10 with the contact plate 12 interposed therebetween. The tensile strength of the full-screw bolt 15 and the wood 10 is proportional to the contact area between each screw thread of the full-screw bolt 15 and the wood part in which the screw thread bites.

That is, the tensile strength is T (k
g), when the shear strength of the wood 10 is Fs (kg / cm2), the number of all screw bolts 15 is n, the outer diameter of all screw bolts 15 is D (cm), and the screwing depth is L (cm), The tensile strength T is calculated by the following equation.

T = αnnπDLFs In this equation, α represents a reduction coefficient and is set within the range of 0 <α ≦ 1.

When the wood 10 is a lumber, since the influence of cracking due to drying is large, the above α becomes small,
Further, in the case of laminated wood or LVL, since the number of cracks due to drying is extremely small, the value of α is close to 1.

Moreover, since the plurality of full-screw bolts 15 are arranged in parallel in the cross-sectional direction of the wooden piece 10 and are screwed in in the axial direction of the wooden piece 10, the external force transmitted from the full-screw bolts 13 passes through the contact plate 12. And transmitted to each full screw bolt 15.

Therefore, according to the joint structure of the present embodiment, a large proof stress that is very close to the full-section tensile proof stress of the wood 10 can be obtained.

Moreover, since there is no gap between the wood 10 and the full-screw bolt 15, slippage and the like are eliminated, and as shown by the main joining in FIG. 4, high initial rigidity and linear tensile strength characteristics can be obtained.

When the coach bolt 16 is used,
A through hole 122 is opened in the thickness direction of the backing plate 12, and this hole 1
By inserting the coach bolt 16 into the contact plate 2 and supporting the screw head 160 thereof on the contact plate 12, the contact plate 1
2. External force can be transmitted to the wood 10 through the coach bolt 16 (in the full screw bolt 15, the female screw 121 is opened in the plate thickness direction of the contact plate 12, and the base end is fixed by the screw action. Relatively complicated work is required.),
Moreover, since the ready-made coach bolt can be used as it is, the cost can be reduced.

On the other hand, as another example of the means for joining the pillars 10 at such a joint, an anchor bolt is attached to the foundation 17 in advance, and a long nut is fastened to the anchor bolt on the base 18, and the long nut is attached to the long nut. A method of joining the pillar 10 to the foundation 17 and the base 18 by fastening the full-screw bolts 13 protruding from the pillar 10 while rotating the pillar 10.

Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

In this embodiment, the joining structure is applied to the lower chord (upper chord) members 30 of the wooden truss or the joining portion between the upper chord (lower chord) member 31 and the braces 32 as shown in FIG. Is.

First, the joint between the upper chord member 31 and the brace 32 will be described (see FIG. 10). In this joint, a box-shaped metal fitting 33 having a triangular cross section is provided on the lower portion of the upper chord member 31 with a full screw bolt. It is fixed with 13, etc., and in this metal fitting 33,
The back plate 12 is fixed to the mouth of the brace 32 in the same manner as the wood 10 of the first embodiment with bolts 34.

At this joint, the pulling force acting on the brace 32 is transmitted to the chord member 31 via the full screw bolt 15, the contact plate 12, and the metal fitting 33.

Further, it may be constructed as shown in FIG. That is, the support fittings 61 and 62 are fixed to the upper and lower portions of the upper chord member 31 with the full screw bolts 13 and the like, and the plate 63 is fixed vertically to the plate surface of the backing plate 12 fixed to the brace 32. The structure is such that the pins 63 or bolts 64 are joined to 63 and the support fitting 62.

Also in these cases, similarly to the first embodiment, the tensile strength of the brace 32 is close to the tensile strength of the entire cross section of the wood, and a large strength can be obtained.

The joint portion of the joint portion between the chord members 30 (31) will be described.

In this truss structure, in particular, a pulling force acts on the lower chord member 30, so that the lower chord member 30 is
The joint portion between them will be described with reference to FIGS. 12 to 13.

In the joint structure shown in FIG. 12, the backing plate 12 is applied to each of the wood openings of the lower chord member 30 to form the full screw bolt 1.
5 is screwed in, the two contact plates 12 are butted against each other with a box-shaped metal fitting 69 having a quadrangular cross section sandwiched therebetween, and each metal contact plate 12 and the metal fitting 69 are fastened with a bolt 70 so that both lower chord members 30, 30 are joined together. It was done.

The joint structure shown in FIG. 13 has a full screw bolt 6
5, etc. are fixed to only one bottom part of the backing plate 12,
A female screw 67 is formed on the bottom of the other contact plate 12, both lower chord members 30, 30 are butted against each other to align the full screw bolt 65 and the female screw 67 coaxially, and then the lower chord member 30 is rotated. The lower chord members 30 and 30 are joined together by a screw action in a state where the contact plates 12 and 12 are in contact with each other.

The joint structure shown in FIG. 14 uses a contact plate 12 'instead of the contact plate 12. The backing plate 12 ′ has the same configuration as the backing plate 12 except that it projects from the lower chord member 30 in the plate surface direction and a hole 123 is formed in this projecting portion. In this example, both patch plates 12, 12
Are aligned so that the holes 123, 123 are coaxial with each other, and the holes 123, 123 are fastened with bolts 68.

Even in these cases, the tensile strength at the joint is sufficiently secured.

Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

In this embodiment, the joint portion (C) between the pillar 44 and the beam 45 in the wooden ramen structure, the joint portion (D) between the pillar 44 and the foundation 46, and the joint between the pillar 45 and the beam 45 on both sides of the pillar 44. It is applied to the joint portion (E) and the joint portion (F) between the beams 45 (columns 44).

First, the pillar 44 will be described with reference to FIGS.
The joint structure between the beam 45 and the beam 45 will be described.

In the joint structure shown in FIG. 16, a washer 48 and a box-shaped metal fitting 69 having a quadrangular cross section used in the second embodiment are provided on both sides of the pillar 44 through a through hole 47 formed in the pillar 44. The pillars 44 and the beams 45 are fixed to each other by fastening the metal fittings 69 and the backing plate 12 fixed to the wooden mouth of the beams 45 with bolts 70 and fixing the columns 44 and the beams 45.

In the joint structure shown in FIG. 17, a patch plate 12 'is used instead of the patch plate 12 in the case of FIG. 15, and the patch plate 12' is directly applied to the pillar 44 without the metal fitting 69, and the bolt 49 is used.
Through the hole 123 and the through hole 47 to secure the pillar 44 and the beam 4
5 is a structure for joining.

The structure shown in FIG. 18 is a structure in which the beams 45 are joined to both sides of the pillar 44 using the structure shown in FIG. 16, and the structure shown in FIG. 19 is the structure of the pillar 44 using the structure shown in FIG. Since the beam 45 is bonded to both sides,
16 and 17 are denoted by the same reference numerals and detailed description thereof will be omitted.

On the other hand, the moment must be transmitted at the joint of the wooden ramen structure. Since this moment can be decomposed into a compressive force and a tensile force in the member cross section, the moment can be transmitted by disposing a plurality of full screw bolts 15 in the cross section direction of the member.

Also in this case, the tensile strength is obtained as a large strength close to the total cross-section tensile strength of the beam 45, so that a large strength can be obtained against the above-mentioned moment.

Next, referring to FIGS. 20 and 21, the pillar 44
The joint structure between the base and the base 46 will be described. In the example shown in FIG. 20, the corner portion of the opening portion of the pillar 44 is cut out, and the backing plate 12 is fixed to this cutout portion with a plurality of all-screw bolts 15,
The box-shaped metal fitting 69 is screwed into the backing plate 12 with the bolt 70, and the anchor bolt 5 attached to the foundation 46 is attached.
The pillars 44 and the base 46 are joined to each other by fastening the metal fittings 69 to 1. After the fastening is completed, the box-shaped metal fitting 69 is filled with mortar or wood chips for fireproof coating.

In the example shown in FIG. 21, the base plate 50 (abutting plate 12 ') is fixed to the ostium surface of the pillar 44, and the base plate 50 is fastened to the anchor bolts 51 attached to the foundation 46 to thereby fix the pillar. 44 and the foundation 46 are joined together.

The joint structure of the beams 45 will be described with reference to FIGS.

In the example shown in FIG. 22, the corner portion of the mouth of each beam 45 is cut out, and the backing plate 12 is fixed to this notch with a plurality of all-screw bolts 15, and the backing plate 12 is fixed. The corner portions of the beam 45 are connected to each other by the metal fitting 6 having the quadrangular cross section described above
9 and butt together, match the wooden surfaces of both beams 45 as they are, and fasten each backing plate 12 and metal fitting 69 with a bolt 70,
The beams 45 are joined together. After the fastening is completed, the box-shaped metal fitting 69 is filled with mortar or wood chips for fireproof coating.

In the example shown in FIG. 23, the contact plates 12 ′ are fixed to the wood openings of each beam 45 with bolts 15, and both contact plates 1
2'is put together and fastened with a bolt 68 to join the beams 45 to each other.

As described above, according to the timber joining structure of the present invention, the tensile force at the joining portion between the timber and the mating member can be sufficiently transmitted to the timber.

The shapes, sizes, etc. of the constituent members shown in the above embodiments are merely examples, and can be variously changed based on design requirements. In each of the above embodiments,
Adhesion with an epoxy resin adhesive or the like may be used together with screwing the full screw bolt 15 into the wood.

[0069]

As described above, according to the wood joining structure of the present invention, a plurality of bolts are screwed in parallel in the axial direction from the wood mouth face, and the base end side of each bolt supports or It is characterized by transmitting the pulling force through a fixed pad plate, the pulling force can be distributed to each bolt through the pad plate, and the adhesion area between the screw thread and the wood part is large. Because you can
Great yield strength can be obtained.

Moreover, since the screw threads of each of the bolts bite into the wood portion, there is no gap between them and slippage between them is suppressed when an external force is applied, thereby ensuring the initial rigidity. To be done.

Further, since each bolt is embedded inside the wood, it is possible to make a fireproof design by the burning margin.

In addition, if each bolt is screwed into the wood at the factory in advance, it is possible to carry out on-site construction by simply tightening the nuts, so that the construction cost can be reduced. .

With the joint structure of the present invention, not only tensile strength but also compression strength can be obtained.

Therefore, the present invention can be sufficiently applied to a rigid frame joint that transmits a moment, and since the moment and the shearing force can be simultaneously transmitted by each bolt, the present invention can be applied to any joint of a wooden structure. be able to.

Although a full-screw bolt or the like can be used as the bolt of the present invention, according to the invention of claim 2, each bolt has the same operation as that of the invention of claim 1. Since it is a coach bolt, a through hole is opened in the thickness direction of the backing plate, the coach bolt is inserted into this hole, and the screw head is supported by the backing plate, The external force can be transmitted to the wood through (the full screw bolt requires relatively complicated work such as opening the female screw in the thickness direction of the backing plate and fixing the base end by the screw action). Also, since the ready-made coach bolt can be used as it is, the cost can be reduced.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an external perspective view of a main portion showing an example of a conventional timber joint portion.

FIG. 2 is an external perspective view of an essential part showing an example of a conventional timber joint.

FIG. 3 is an external perspective view showing a split state of a conventional timber joint.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the tensile strength properties of the prior art and the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a main part showing one structural example of wood applied to one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a plan view of a pad plate attached to wood applied to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a main part showing one structural example of wood applied to one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a partially sectional front view showing the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a front view showing a part of the second embodiment of the present invention.

10 is an enlarged view of a portion A in FIG.

FIG. 11 is an enlarged view of another example of a portion A in FIG.

FIG. 12 is an enlarged view of portion B in FIG.

FIG. 13 is an enlarged view of another example of portion B in FIG.

FIG. 14 is an enlarged view of another example of portion B in FIG.

FIG. 15 is a schematic front view showing a third embodiment of the present invention.

16 is an enlarged view of a portion C in FIG.

FIG. 17 is an enlarged view of another example of portion C in FIG.

18 is an enlarged view of a portion E in FIG.

19 is an enlarged view of another example of portion E in FIG.

20 is an enlarged view of a portion D in FIG.

FIG. 21 is an enlarged view of another example of portion D in FIG.

22 is an enlarged view of a portion F in FIG.

23 is an enlarged view of another example of the F portion in FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 10 Wood 12 Reliable Plate 15 Full Screw Bolt 16 Coach Bolt 17 Foundation (Mating Material)

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (71) Applicant 595141801 Sanko Plywood Co., Ltd. 52 Maehama, Tamaishi-cho, Gamagori-shi, Aichi (71) Applicant 591030330 Keio Co., Ltd. 8-9-8 Hanabata, Adachi-ku, Tokyo (71) Applicant 000000147 ITOCHU Corporation Co., Ltd. 4-3-3 Kutaro-cho, Chuo-ku, Osaka-shi, Osaka (71) Applicant 591163742 ITOCHU Kenzai Co., Ltd. 3--6-2 Nihonbashi-honcho, Chuo-ku, Tokyo (72) Inventor Masahiro Inayama 5-11-8-403 Sakainancho, Musashino City, Tokyo

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A timber joint structure used as a structural material, wherein a plurality of bolts are screwed in parallel in the axial direction from the mouth end of the timber to be joined, and the base end side of each bolt is a backing plate. The backing plate is supported or fixed on one side, and one surface of the backing plate is pressed against the wood mouth surface, and the other surface side is fixed to the mating material to be bonded, thereby joining the wood to be bonded and the mating material. A timber joint structure characterized by being formed. 2. Each of the bolts is a coach bolt, and the coach bolt is inserted into a through hole formed in the thickness direction of the patch plate so that a screw head is supported by the patch plate. The timber joint structure according to item 1.