JP4903814B2 - Wind power generator - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a wind turbine generator, and more particularly, to a wind turbine generator that generates power by effectively using energy of natural wind power.

Conventionally, various types of wind turbine generators have been proposed and implemented. Among these, there has been proposed a system in which four wind inlets are provided at 90 ° intervals on the side surface of the wind tunnel and the fan is rotated by the wind taken into the wind tunnel (see, for example, Patent Document 1). .
JP 2004-190506 A

  However, the fan rotating wind turbine generator described above cannot efficiently take the wind around the wind tunnel into the wind tunnel, and further, the wind taken into the wind tunnel blows from the wind tunnel to the leeward side. The wind energy was not used effectively. Conventionally, wind has been collected by directing the trumpet-shaped opening toward the windward side, but the direction of the opening must be adjusted according to the wind direction, and a complicated mechanism is required. It was difficult.

  Therefore, the present invention can efficiently generate power by effectively using weak wind energy regardless of the wind direction, and can easily cope with an increase in size and output with a simple structure. The purpose is to provide.

  A wind turbine generator according to the present invention includes a wind tunnel constituted by a cylindrical member erected in a vertical direction from a base surface, a plurality of wind collecting plates extending in a normal direction from a peripheral wall of the cylindrical member, A top plate that closes between the air collecting plates and the upper end opening of the tubular member, and a plurality of air intakes that are provided on the peripheral wall of the tubular member and guide the air collected by the air collecting plate into the wind tunnel Between the adjacent air collecting plates and a backflow preventing means that is provided at the air inlet and allows only the flow of wind from the outside of the tubular member to the inside of the tubular member and restricts the flow from the inside to the outside. A plurality of guide plates that guide the wind concentrated by the air collecting plate downward, a turbine driven by wind blown from one end of the wind tunnel, and a generator driven by the turbine Contains.

  Further, the wind power generator of the present invention allows only the flow of wind from the outside between the wind collecting plates between the outsides of the adjacent wind collecting plates, and regulates the flow from between the wind collecting plates to the outside. It is preferable that second backflow prevention means is provided. Further, it is preferable that six air collecting plates are provided at equal intervals in the circumferential direction of the cylindrical member. It is preferable that the wind tunnel is provided with a surplus wind discharge portion that discharges excess wind taken into the wind tunnel. It is preferable that a plurality of the turbines and the generators are provided in one wind tunnel in the wind flow direction, and the rotating blades of the turbine face 1 / 2-1 / 4 in the wind tunnel.

  According to the wind power generator of the present invention, the wind is collected in the wind tunnel direction by the plurality of wind collecting plates, particularly the six wind collecting plates and the plurality of guide plates, so that the wind blowing from any direction is located on the windward side. It can be guided in a compressed state in the wind tunnel by the action of several air collecting plates and guide plates. Furthermore, since the backflow prevention means is provided at the wind intake port, the wind taken into the wind tunnel does not blow through to the leeward side. In particular, by providing the second backflow prevention means between the adjacent air collecting plates, the air taken in between the air collecting plates can be efficiently guided into the wind tunnel. In addition, by discharging the excess wind in the wind tunnel from the excess wind discharge section, a large load is not applied to the turbine even in a strong wind. Furthermore, a plurality of turbines and generators are provided in the wind flow direction in one wind tunnel, and the power generation efficiency is improved by having the turbine rotating blades face 1 / 2-1 / 4 in the wind tunnel. Basically, it can be formed simply by erecting a cylindrical member and a plurality of air collecting plates in the vertical direction from the ground surface on which the turbine or generator is installed. The height of the cylindrical member, the diameter of the wind tunnel, and the width of the air collecting plate can be set appropriately according to the conditions such as, and wind power generators and wind power generation equipment adapted to various conditions of the installation location should be installed Can do.

It is a front view which shows one example of a wind power generator of this invention. It is a cross-sectional view similarly. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of an apparatus center part. FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line 4-4 of FIG. 3. It is a front view of an apparatus center part. It is a longitudinal section showing an example in which a plurality of turbines and generators are provided in one wind tunnel. It is a cross-sectional view of the installation part of the turbine and generator of FIG.

  An embodiment of the wind power generator of the invention will be described with reference to the drawings. This wind power generator 10 is provided with a generator room 11 in the basement and a wind collecting means 12 on the ground. The air collecting means 12 includes a cylindrical member 14 erected above the foundation 13, a lower end fixed to the foundation 13, a base portion fixed to the peripheral wall of the cylindrical member 14, and a normal line from the wall surface of the peripheral wall Six air collecting plates 15 extending in the direction, a top plate 16 for closing the upper end opening of the cylindrical member 14 and the upper end opening of adjacent air collecting plates 15, and a wall surface of the cylindrical member 14. And a plurality of upper and lower guide plates 18 provided between adjacent air collecting plates 15.

  The cylindrical member 14 has a wind tunnel 19 reaching the generator chamber 11 therein. The cylindrical member 14 is formed in a regular hexagonal shape, and a base portion of the air collecting plate 15 is fixed to each corner portion, and the air intake port 17 is provided in each side portion. The cylindrical member 14 can be divided into a plurality of parts in the circumferential direction and the height direction according to the height and diameter thereof, and can be assembled at a place where the wind power generator is installed. The tubular member 14 may have the same diameter in the entire height direction, and the lower part has a large diameter and the upper part has a small diameter in accordance with the strength of the tubular member 14, the pressure state in the wind tunnel 19, and the like. A gentle conical shape can also be used.

  The wind collecting plate 15 may be two or three if the wind direction is substantially constant throughout the year, but six is optimal for efficiently collecting the wind from all directions. is there. That is, by installing six air collecting plates 15 around the tubular member 14 at equal intervals, the air collecting plate 15 is adjacent to at least two adjacent air collecting plates 15 from any direction. Wind can be collected in the center and guided into the wind tunnel 19. Although it is possible to install seven or more air collecting plates 15, the improvement of the air collecting effect is small and not economical for the increase in the apparatus cost. The air collecting plate 15 can also be assembled by being divided into a plurality of parts in the height direction and the width direction according to the height and width.

  When viewed from the side, the guide plate 18 has a shape curved in an arc shape in which the front end side of the air collecting plate 15 faces in a substantially horizontal direction and the base side of the air collecting plate 15 faces in the vertical direction. The interval between the upper and lower guide plates 18 can be set according to the dimension from the base of the air collecting plate 15 to the outer end. Further, by providing the guide plate 18, the adjacent air collecting plates 15 can be connected to reinforce the air collecting plate 15.

  The wind collected by the air collecting plate 15 and the guide plate 18 installed as described above is a plan view in which the lowermost portion is surrounded by the base 13, the uppermost portion is surrounded by the top plate 16, and further, the upper and lower guide plates 18 are surrounded. Since the pressure converges toward the apex of the triangle, the pressure increases, and the guide plate 18 causes a downward flow to flow into the wind tunnel 19 from the wind intake port 17.

  The air intake port 17 is formed by punching the wall plate of the tubular member 14 into a quadrangular shape, and between the bases of the air collecting plates 15 adjacent outside the air intake port 17. Is provided with a wall plate 21 having first backflow prevention means 20 that allows the flow of wind from the outside toward the inside of the cylindrical member 14 and restricts the flow of wind from the inside of the cylindrical member 14 to the outside. It has been.

  The first backflow prevention means 20 is provided with a swing-type flap 24 having a hinge 23 at the top inside an opening 22 provided in the wall plate 21. When the wind pressure is applied from the outside, the flap 24 opens at the lower side around the hinge 23 toward the wind intake port 17 side, and allows the flow of wind toward the inside of the tubular member 14 from the outside. When the wind pressure is not acting from the outside, the opening 22 is closed by its own weight, and the flow of the wind from the inside to the outside is restricted.

  Furthermore, the outer end portion of the adjacent air collecting plate 15 allows only the flow of air from the outside to the air collecting plate 15 and restricts the flow from the air collecting plate 15 to the outside. Means 25 are provided. The second backflow prevention means 25 is provided with an opening 27 in the wall plate 26 covering the outer end portion of the airflow collecting plate 15 in the same manner as the backflow prevention means 20 provided on the base side of the airflow collecting plate 15. A swing-type flap 29 having a hinge 28 at the top is provided inside the opening 27. When the wind pressure acts on the flap 29 from the outside, the lower part opens inward with the hinge 28 as the center, and the flow of the wind from the outside toward the air collecting plate 15 is allowed. Further, when the wind pressure is not acting from the outside, the opening 27 is closed by its own weight, and the flow of the wind from the inside to the outside is restricted.

  Therefore, both the backflow prevention means 20 and 25 located on the windward side automatically open the flaps 24 and 39 by the wind pressure, and the both backflow prevention means 20 and 25 other than the windward side are automatically closed. It is formed as follows. Further, by providing a rubber sealing material between the periphery of the openings 22 and 27 and the flaps 24 and 29, the adhesion is improved and a reliable closed state is obtained. The structures of the backflow prevention means 20 and 25 are not limited to these.

  The backflow prevention means 20 and 25 formed in this way are opened below the openings 22 and 27, so that the wind flows into the wind collecting plate 15 from the opening 27 and flows into the wind tunnel 19 from the opening 22. A downward flow is formed in the wind. In particular, the synergistic action of the guide plate 18 and the backflow prevention means 20 can efficiently form a wind flow in the wind tunnel 19 toward the lower generator chamber 11. Moreover, since the wind taken in between the air collecting plates 15 and in the wind tunnel 19 can be prevented from blowing outside by the backflow preventing means 20 and 25, the taken-in wind can be effectively used for power generation.

  The size (flow rate) and the number of installations of the air intake port 17 and the backflow prevention means 20 and 25 are set according to the amount of air collected by the air collecting plate 15, and the width dimension of the air collecting plate 15 is If it is small, the number of installations is small, or a small wind intake port 17 is used. When the width of the air collecting plate 15 is large, the number of installations is increased and the wind intake port 17 and the backflow prevention means 20, 25 are large. do it.

  The generator room 11 provided in the basement is provided with an underground wind tunnel 30 communicating with the wind tunnel 19, and a turbine 31 that is rotationally driven by the wind flowing in the underground wind tunnel 30, and is driven by the turbine 31. A generator 32 and other power transmission facilities are provided. As the turbine 31 and the generator 32, those corresponding to the wind pressure and the amount of air supplied from the wind tunnel 19 to the underground wind tunnel 30 can be selected and used. You may choose according to it. The wind that has driven the turbine 31 is exhausted from the end of the underground wind tunnel 30 to the atmosphere.

  Further, by providing a surplus wind discharge section at both upper and lower ends of the wind tunnel 19 for releasing the pressure from the wind tunnel 19 to the outside when the pressure in the wind tunnel 19 exceeds a preset pressure. Since excessive wind sometimes taken into the wind tunnel 19 can be discharged, overloading of the turbine 31 can be prevented. As the surplus air discharge section, a flap-like member that forms a ventilation hole in the top plate 16 and opens and closes the ventilation hole can be provided.

  Although the operating pressures of the upper and lower surplus wind discharge sections can be set to be the same, it is preferable to set the operating pressure of the lower surplus wind discharge section low in consideration of the flow of wind in the wind tunnel 19. In addition, the exhaust flow rate in the surplus wind exhaust section can be the same, but considering the time of strong winds such as typhoons, set the exhaust flow rate in the upper surplus wind exhaust section with a higher operating pressure set higher. Thus, in the normal wind fluctuation range, only the lower surplus wind discharge section with a low operating pressure is operated to discharge a small amount of surplus wind without disturbing the wind flow in the wind tunnel 19 and strong wind such as typhoon In some cases, the upper surplus wind discharge section having a high operating pressure is also operated to discharge a large amount of surplus wind, thereby reliably protecting equipment such as the turbine 31.

  Moreover, the surplus wind discharge part can also be provided toward several directions so that an exhaust direction can be turned to the leeward side. Furthermore, an automatically adjustable surplus wind discharge unit that automatically adjusts the displacement according to the power generation state of the generator 32 can be provided. Moreover, it is preferable to provide a drain for discharging moisture that has entered the wind tunnel 19 at the bottom of the wind tunnel 19 or the underground wind tunnel 30.

  Furthermore, in order to prevent foreign matter from entering the wind tunnel 19 from the wind intake port 17, a screen may be installed outside the wind intake port 17 or outside the backflow prevention means 20, 25. preferable. The screen can be installed, for example, by holding a normal wire mesh or the like with a frame and fixing the frame to the adjacent air collecting plate 15 or the wall plates 21 and 26.

  In this way, the wind from various directions is effectively obtained by combining the cylindrical member 14 as the air collecting means 12 in the wind power generator 10 and a plurality, particularly six air collecting plates 15 and the plurality of guide plates 18. Can be collected and used for power generation, and sufficient power generation output can be obtained even in a low wind condition. Further, the necessary power supply can be stably performed by selecting the height and diameter according to the conditions of the installation location. Further, in the relatively small wind power generator 10, the air collecting means 12 can be unitized by combining a bottom plate in place of the base 13, and a plurality of these units can be stacked and used.

  A plurality of turbines 31 and generators 32 may be provided in one underground wind tunnel 30 with a predetermined interval in the direction of wind flow, and the number of generators 32 may be increased or decreased according to the wind speed. For example, as shown in FIG. 6, five turbines 31a, 31b, 31c, 31d, 31e are provided in the underground wind tunnel 30, and generators 32a, 32b, 32c, 32d, 32e driven by the turbines 31a-31e are respectively provided. Can be provided. The wind introduced into the underground wind tunnel 30 rotates and drives the turbines 31a-31e, and drives the generators 32a-22e by these turbines 31a-31e to generate electricity. The wind that rotationally drives these turbines 31 a to 31 e is exhausted from the end of the underground wind tunnel 30.

  Furthermore, when installing a plurality of turbines 31 and generators 32 in this way, the impeller 33 of the turbine 31 faces about 1 / 2-1 / 4 in the underground wind tunnel 30 as shown in FIG. As a result, the wind in the underground wind tunnel 30 passes without the wind speed falling, and the plurality of turbines 31 can be rotationally driven.

  The cylindrical member 14, the air collecting plate 15, the guide plate 18 and the like can employ appropriate materials and manufacturing methods depending on conditions such as the overall size of the wind power generator and the predicted maximum wind speed. In general, a metal material rich in corrosion resistance such as stainless steel or aluminum alloy is suitable, and a plate material such as a corrosion-resistant iron plate or FRP can be attached to a metal frame.

  The width of the wind collecting plate 15 can be determined according to various conditions at the installation location of the wind power generator, and the height and diameter of the wind power generator (a circle passing through the tip of the wind collecting plate 15). The ratio of the diameter) can also be arbitrarily selected. For example, when there is no height restriction, the height of the air collecting plate 15 may be narrowed by increasing the height to 100 m or 200 m or more. If there is a sufficient installation area, the height is kept low. Thus, the diameter of the air collecting plate 15 can be increased to 100 m or more. Usually, it is preferable to form the air as high as possible so that the air in the sky that is stable compared to the ground surface can be collected effectively. On the roof of a high-rise building or the like, sufficient wind power collection can be obtained even when the height and diameter are about several m to 10 m.

  The strength of the wind power generator 10 as a building is such that the wind collecting plate 15 is provided in six directions with the cylindrical member 14 as the center, so that the height of the cylindrical member 14 and the width of the wind collecting plate 15 are appropriately set. By setting to, it is possible to obtain sufficient strength against strong winds and earthquakes. Further, a reinforcing member can be provided at an appropriate position as required, and an appropriate flexible structure can be adopted for earthquake resistance.

  Further, an observation deck 41 can be provided at the upper part of the top plate 16 or a hole 42 can be provided at the lower part thereof. 15 can be provided. In addition to the observation platform 31, a helipad, a radio tower, a radio relay station, a weather station, an astronomical observatory, and the like can be installed on the upper part of the wind power generator 10. Furthermore, by providing a ladder (step) to the cylindrical member 14 or the air collecting plate 15, maintenance and inspection of the backflow prevention means 20, 25, etc. can be performed. Further, the outer surface of the air collecting plate 15 and the backflow preventing means 25 can be used for advertising purposes, and the air collecting plate 15 and the backflow preventing means 25 are colored or patterned according to the surrounding landscape, or lighted at night. It is also possible to up.

Claims (5)

  A wind tunnel constituted by a cylindrical member standing vertically from the base surface, a plurality of air collecting plates extending in a normal direction from the peripheral wall of the cylindrical member, and between the air collecting plates and the tubular shape A top plate that closes the upper end opening of the member, a plurality of wind intake ports that are provided on the peripheral wall of the tubular member and guide the wind concentrated by the air collecting plate into the wind tunnel, and the wind intake ports Provided by the air collecting plate provided between the adjacent air collecting plates and the backflow preventing means that allows only air flow from the outside of the tubular member to the inside of the tubular member and regulates the flow from the inside to the outside. A plurality of guide plates for guiding the concentrated wind downward, a turbine driven by wind blown from one end of the wind tunnel, and a generator driven by the turbine Wind power generator.   Between the external sides of the adjacent air collecting plates, there is provided second backflow prevention means that allows only the flow of air from the outside to the air collecting plates and restricts the flow from the air collecting plates to the outside. The wind power generator according to claim 1.   6. The wind power generator according to claim 1, wherein six wind collecting plates are provided at equal intervals in a circumferential direction of the cylindrical member.   The wind turbine generator according to claim 1, wherein a surplus wind exhaust unit that exhausts excess wind taken into the wind tunnel is provided in the wind tunnel.   2. The wind turbine generator according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of the turbines and the generators are provided in one wind tunnel in a wind flow direction, and the rotary blades of the turbine face 1 / 2-1 / 4 in the wind tunnel.

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