JP4898973B1 - Wall panel, horizontal sheet pile and main pile horizontal sheet pile type waterproof protective fence - Google Patents

Abstract

A wall panel that is difficult to bend with respect to a stress in a direction perpendicular to the surface and is excellent in rigidity and light in weight is formed, and a light and highly rigid sheet pile is formed using the wall panel.
SOLUTION: A thermosetting resin layer mainly composed of a carbon fiber-containing thermosetting resin composite is mainly composed of an adhesive layer mainly composed of a thermoplastic resin and a halogen-containing thermoplastic resin. A wall plate is formed by polymerizing a face plate made of a laminate in which a thermoplastic resin layer as a component is laminated on both sides in the thickness direction of the core material.
[Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a wall panel that is lightweight and excellent in rigidity and is suitable for constituting a wall surface of a building or various structures, and a lateral sheet pile and a main pile lateral sheet pile type waterproof protective fence constituted by using the wall panel.

  For example, FIG. 9 shows a horizontal sheet pile for a main pile horizontal sheet pile type waterproof protective fence that is installed in a river area or the like to prevent water from flowing out around the river when the amount of water in the river increases significantly due to heavy rain. In this way, a plate-like body 101 having a hollow structure is formed using a synthetic resin material such as vinyl chloride resin, and the rigidity and rust resistance of stainless steel or the like is placed in the hollow portion 101a arranged inside the plate-like body 101. There is known a configuration in which a channel 102 formed into a rod shape by a material provided with a product is fitted into an integrated plate (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

Utility Model Registration No. 3166822

  The main pile horizontal sheet pile type waterproof protective fence is a portable and movable special embankment that is installed when there is a danger of flooding the river due to a significant increase in the amount of water in the river in a short time. For example, the horizontal sheet pile 100 is stored in a flood control warehouse, etc., and in the event of an emergency such as heavy rain, the horizontal sheet pile 100 is taken out from the flood control warehouse and bridged between parent piles standing in a river area. A waterproof fence with a desired height and length is configured by stacking a plurality of sheets to an appropriate height.

  The installation of such a waterproof protective fence can only be done manually. Therefore, the horizontal sheet pile 100 is formed to have a weight (about 25 kg) that an operator can carry alone, but the waterproof protective fence is urgently caused by a sudden change in weather. In many cases, it is necessary to install it, and even in such a case, practical use of a lighter horizontal sheet pile 100 is desired so that it can be quickly and easily installed by a small number of workers. The conventional horizontal sheet pile 100 is constructed by fitting a rigid channel 102 in the hollow portion 101a to increase the bending rigidity, and is constructed between a main pile and a waterproof protective fence when watertight. However, there is a limit to reducing the weight of the sheet pile 100 while maintaining the same rigidity and water tightness.

  In view of such a problem of the prior art, the present invention constitutes a wall panel that is difficult to bend with respect to stress in a direction perpendicular to the surface and has excellent rigidity and light weight, and is lightweight and excellent in rigidity using this. It is an object to construct a side sheet pile and to be able to quickly install the main pile side sheet pile type waterproof protective fence with simple work.

  In order to solve the above problems, the present inventors have a configuration in which a thermosetting resin layer mainly composed of a thermosetting resin composite and a thermoplastic resin layer mainly composed of a thermoplastic resin layer are laminated. Focusing on the fact that the provided laminate is excellent in rigidity, and by laminating it on both the front and back sides of the core material as a face plate, it is found that a wall panel having a desired rigidity and weight can be configured, and the present invention is devised. It has come.

  That is, the wall panel of the present invention contains an adhesive layer mainly composed of a thermoplastic resin and a halogen on both front and back surfaces of a thermosetting resin layer mainly composed of a thermosetting resin composite containing carbon fibers. It has a configuration in which a face plate made of a laminate in which a thermoplastic resin layer mainly composed of a thermoplastic resin is laminated is polymerized on both sides in the thickness direction of the core material.

Moreover, the wall surface panel of the present invention is characterized in that, in the above configuration, the core material is formed by a partition material partitioned in the thickness direction such as a foamed synthetic resin material or a honeycomb core.
Moreover, the said structure WHEREIN: A core material has the structure formed by juxtaposing the synthetic resin beam material between the said laminated faceplates, It is characterized by the above-mentioned.

The cross sheet pile of the present invention is characterized by having a configuration in which a water stop member is attached to the upper end portion and / or the lower end portion of the wall panel having the above-described configuration.
Moreover, the main pile horizontal sheet pile type waterproof protection fence of this invention has the structure provided with the horizontal pile sheet of the said structure, and the main pile for spanning this horizontal sheet pile.

According to the present invention, by laminating and integrating a laminate having a high rigidity characteristic as a face plate on both sides in the thickness direction of the core material, it is light but difficult to bend with respect to a stress in a direction perpendicular to the surface, thereby achieving rigidity. An excellent wall panel can be constructed.
The horizontal sheet pile constructed using this is lightweight, easy to handle and can be manufactured at low cost, and the waterproof protection fence that exhibits high water tightness by spanning the both side edges between parent piles and stacking multiple sheets Can be configured. If the horizontal sheet pile of this invention is used, it is possible to install the parent pile horizontal sheet pile type waterproof protection fence which has high water-tightness in a river area by quick and simple work.
In addition, the wall surface panel of this invention can be utilized suitably as a wall surface panel which comprises the wall surface of structures other than a side sheet pile, or a building.

(A), (B) and (C) are the figures which showed the structure cross section of the wall surface panel of this invention. It is an external view of one embodiment of the horizontal sheet pile of the present invention. It is a schematic perspective view which shows the installation state of the main pile horizontal sheet pile type waterproof protection fence of this invention. It is the fragmentary cross-sectional view which expanded the principal part of the main pile horizontal sheet pile type | mold waterproofing protection fence of FIG. It is sectional drawing which showed the laminated structural example of the laminated body which comprises the wall surface panel of an example of this invention. It is the front view (A) and longitudinal cross-sectional view (B) of the wall surface panel of an example of this invention. It is the front view (A) and longitudinal cross-sectional view (B) of the wall surface panel of the other example of this invention. It is sectional drawing which showed the laminated structural example of the laminated body which comprises the wall surface panel of a comparative example. It is an external view of one embodiment of a conventional lateral sheet pile.

Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
First, the laminated body which comprises a wall surface panel is demonstrated.
The laminate constituting the wall panel of the present invention (hereinafter referred to as “the present laminate” or “laminate”) has a thermosetting resin layer (mainly composed of a thermosetting resin composite A containing carbon fibers). X layer), an adhesive layer (Y layer) containing thermoplastic resin B as the main component and containing specific component C, and a thermoplastic resin layer (Z layer) containing thermoplastic resin D containing halogen as the main component ) And a stacked body.

<Thermosetting resin layer (X layer)>
The thermosetting resin layer (X layer) may be a layer mainly composed of the thermosetting resin composite A containing carbon fibers.
The thermosetting resin composite A is a composite formed by combining and integrating a fiber body mainly composed of carbon fibers and a thermosetting resin as a matrix resin.

(Thermosetting resin)
Examples of the thermosetting resin constituting the thermosetting resin composite A include epoxy resin, phenol resin, polybenzimidazole resin, benzoxazine resin, cyanate ester resin, unsaturated polyester resin, vinyl ester resin, urea resin, melamine. One kind of resin selected from the group consisting of a resin, a bismaleimide resin, a polyimide resin and a polyamideimide resin, or two or more kinds of resins, or a modified body thereof, or the one kind of resin or two or more kinds of resins. Or the resin composition which added the elastomer, the rubber component, the hardening | curing agent, the hardening accelerator, the catalyst, etc. to these modified bodies can be mentioned.

Among these, from the viewpoint of product physical properties, it is preferable to use one type of resin or two or more types of resins selected from the group consisting of epoxy resins, phenol resins, vinyl acetate resins, unsaturated polyester resins, and vinyl ester resins.
In particular, since epoxy resin has high adhesiveness, for example, when forming an X layer from a thermosetting resin composite containing carbon fiber, that is, a composite of carbon fiber and thermosetting resin, an epoxy resin is used as a matrix resin. When used, high mechanical properties can be obtained. Therefore, an epoxy resin composite containing carbon fibers is preferable.

As an epoxy resin in this case, it is preferable to use an epoxy resin having an amine, a phenol, and a compound having a carbon-carbon double bond as a precursor.
Examples of the glycidylamine type epoxy resin having amines as a precursor include various isomers of tetraglycidyldiaminodiphenylmethane, triglycidyl-p-aminophenol, and triglycidylaminocresol. Of these, tetraglycidyldiaminodiphenylmethane is preferable because of its excellent heat resistance.
When using an epoxy resin, a curing agent, a curing catalyst, or the like may or may not be included, but the latter is preferable from the viewpoint of life. Even in the former case, if the curing agent or the curing catalyst has a high potential, it is not a big problem.
Moreover, an epoxy resin may also contain a phenoxy resin, a bisphenol A type epoxy resin monomer, and diphenylamine as additives.

  The thermosetting resin constituting the thermosetting resin composite A is preferably one having a thermosetting temperature of 100 to 250 ° C., more preferably 120 to 220 ° C. from the viewpoint of adhesiveness with the thermoplastic resin B. .

(Carbon fiber)
The carbon fiber constituting the thermosetting resin composite A is preferably a fibrous material having a carbon content in the range of 85 to 100% by mass and at least partially having a graphite structure. Examples thereof include polyacrylonitrile (PAN) carbon fiber, rayon carbon fiber, lignin carbon fiber, pitch carbon fiber, vapor grown carbon fiber, and carbon nanotube.
Among these, polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fibers and pitch-based carbon fibers are particularly preferable from the viewpoints of high rigidity and secondary workability.

  The carbon fiber is within the range of 15,000 to 500,000, particularly within the range of 30,000 to 250,000, particularly 60,000 to 120,000 carbon fibers from the viewpoints of economy and carbon fiber handling properties. Are preferably bundled.

  The fiber shape of the carbon fiber may be, for example, a short fiber shape, a thread shape, or a woven fabric shape. In view of the characteristics of the carbon fiber, it may be selected according to the use of the molded product such as high-strength carbon fiber, high-modulus carbon fiber, or a mixture thereof. Among these, thread-like continuous fibers are particularly preferable.

The term “continuous continuous fiber” means that continuous fibers are arranged in at least one direction of the fiber reinforced resin, and is preferably a filament that is continuous throughout the molded product, but is not necessarily a molded product. It does not need to be continuous throughout, and there is no problem even if it is divided in the middle.
The length of the continuous carbon fiber is preferably 10 mm or more because the handleability of the fiber reinforced resin reinforced with the continuous fiber is excellent and high rigidity is obtained.

  Examples of continuous fiber forms include filaments, cloth, sheets in which fibers are aligned in one direction, and web-like sheets in which fibers are aligned in one direction (UD; also referred to as UNI-DIRECTIONA), plain weave and satin Examples of the woven fabric sheet, or a knitted fabric sheet knitted from long fibers, braids, multifilaments, and spun yarns that are arranged in one direction with a drum wind or the like, include reinforcing fiber forms. Among these, from the viewpoint of productivity in terms of the manufacturing process, cloth and UD can be preferably used. Moreover, these strengthening forms may be used independently or may use 2 or more types of strengthening forms together.

(Composite method)
Examples of the method of combining carbon fiber and thermosetting resin include a method of uniformly mixing finely cut fibers into a plastic and a method of infiltrating a plastic while maintaining the direction of continuous fibers. Can do. More specifically, a resin composite material in which a prepreg made of a thin sheet-like impregnated body in which carbon fiber is impregnated in a thermosetting resin is prepared, and the prepreg is laminated and heat-melted and integrated. Can be mentioned.

  Insofar as the effects of the present invention are not significantly impaired, inorganic fibers such as graphite fibers, glass fibers, alumina fibers, titania fibers, boron fibers, and silicon carbide fibers may be used in combination with the carbon fibers. At this time, the fiber shape and form of the inorganic fiber to be used together and the method of compounding with the resin are the same as those of the carbon fiber.

<Adhesive layer (Y layer)>
The Y layer may be any layer that contains the thermoplastic resin B as a main component and contains the predetermined component C.
By blending the specific component C with the thermoplastic resin B, the interfacial adhesiveness between the X layer and the Y layer and between the Y layer and the Z layer can be remarkably improved.

(Thermoplastic resin B)
Examples of the thermoplastic resin B include ester resins, olefin resins, styrene resins, oxymethylene resins, amide resins, urethane resins, urea resins, carbonate resins, acrylic resins, vinyl chloride resins, Phenylene resin, ether imide resin, sulfone resin, arylate resin, ether sulfone, ketone, ether ketone, ether ether ketone, ether ketone ketone, arylate, ether nitrile resin, imide, amide imide resin, phenol resin, Fluorine resins such as tetrafluoroethylene can be used, and one or two or more mixed resins or copolymers can be selected and used.
Among them, from the viewpoint of having a suitable molding temperature, for example, ABS resin (blend type), ABS resin (graft type), methacrylic resin, polyethylene resin, polypropylene resin, acrylic resin, acrylonitrile / styrene copolymer (AS resin), A vinyl chloride resin, a chlorinated vinyl chloride resin, a vinylidene chloride resin, and the like are preferable, and one or two or more mixed resins or copolymers can be selected and used suitably. The thermoplastic resin B may be foamable.

  Among these, in this laminated body, it is preferable to use a chlorine-containing resin from the viewpoints of flame retardancy and chemical resistance.

Specific examples of the chlorine-containing resin include, for example, polyvinyl chloride, chlorinated polyvinyl chloride, chlorinated polyethylene, vinyl chloride-ethylene copolymer, vinyl chloride-propylene copolymer, vinyl chloride-isoprene copolymer, vinyl chloride-isobutylene copolymer, vinyl chloride. -Vinylidene chloride copolymer, vinyl chloride-chlorinated propylene copolymer, vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer, vinyl chloride-acrylic acid ester copolymer, vinyl chloride-methacrylic acid ester copolymer, vinyl chloride-maleic acid ester copolymer, vinyl chloride-acrylonitrile copolymer, Vinyl chloride-N-substituted maleimide copolymer, vinyl chloride-styrene copolymer, vinyl chloride-polyurethane copolymer, vinyl chloride-ethylene-vinyl acetate ternary copolymer Vinyl chloride-vinylidene chloride-vinyl acetate ternary copolymer, vinyl chloride-styrene-maleic anhydride ternary copolymer, vinyl chloride-styrene-acrylonitrile ternary copolymer, vinyl chloride-ethylene-vinyl acetate ternary copolymer, vinyl chloride-acrylic rubber Graft polymers and vinyl chloride-polyurethane graft polymers, etc., and mixtures of these chlorine-containing resins with polyethylene, mixtures with polypropylene, mixtures with polybutene, mixtures with α-olefin polymers such as poly-3-methylbutene, ethylene -Mixtures with vinyl acetate copolymers, mixtures with ethylene-propylene copolymers, mixtures with polystyrene, mixtures with acrylic resins, styrene and other monomers (eg butadiene, acrylonitrile, maleic anhydride) Etc.), a mixture with an acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer, a mixture with an acrylate ester-butadiene-styrene copolymer, a mixture with a methacrylate ester-butadiene-styrene copolymer, and the like.
As these chlorine-containing resins, those produced by any method such as suspension polymerization, emulsion polymerization, and solution polymerization can be used.

The chlorine-containing resin may contain a stabilizer for improving thermal stability, a plasticizer for adjusting the viscosity of the mixed resin, and other known compounding agents.
In this case, as the stabilizer, for example, one or more selected from organic acid salts and inorganic acid salts of metals such as calcium, magnesium, barium, strontium, zinc, tin, and lead can be employed.
As the plasticizer, for example, one or more selected from dialkyl phthalates such as dioctyl phthalate, dibutyl phthalate and diethyl phthalate, phosphates such as tricresyl phosphate and triethyl phosphate, and epoxy compounds such as epoxidized soybean oil are adopted. can do.
As the lubricant, for example, one or more selected from hydrocarbons such as polyethylene wax, higher fatty acids such as stearic acid, esters such as butyl stearate, and the like can be employed.

  The thermoplastic resin B preferably has a molding temperature of 100 to 250 ° C, more preferably 120 to 220 ° C, from the viewpoint of lamination strength.

(Component C)
As a result of adding and testing various types of resins to the thermoplastic resin B, when one or more components selected from the following (a) to (c) are blended, the interfacial adhesion of the Y layer is improved. It has been found that it can be remarkably improved and a performance with excellent rigidity can be obtained.
(A) Phenoxy resin (b) Glycidyl ether type epoxy resin (c) Arylamine type antioxidant

(A) Phenoxy resin A phenoxy resin is a resin having an epoxy group at the end, and since this reacts with the epoxy resin, it is particularly suitable when an epoxy resin is used as the thermosetting resin of the thermosetting resin composite A. is there.

  Examples of the phenoxy resin used in this laminate include a phenoxy resin having a bisphenol A skeleton, a phenoxy resin having a bisphenol F skeleton, a phenoxy resin having a bisphenol S skeleton, and a bisphenol M skeleton (4,4 ′-(1,3-phenylenediene). Phenoxy resin having isopropylidene) bisphenol skeleton), phenoxy resin having bisphenol P (4,4 ′-(1,4) -phenylenediisopridiene) bisphenol skeleton), bisphenol Z (4,4′-cyclohexene) Phenoxy resin having a bisphenol skeleton, phenoxy resin having a novolac skeleton, phenoxy resin having an anthracene skeleton, phenoxy resin having a fluorene skeleton, dicyclopentadiene Phenoxy resins having a skeleton, phenoxy resins having a norbornene skeleton, phenoxy resins having a naphthalene skeleton, phenoxy resins having a biphenyl skeleton include a phenoxy resin having an adamantane skeleton.

  Further, as the phenoxy resin, a structure having a plurality of types of skeletons can be used, and phenoxy resins having different ratios of the skeletons can be used. Furthermore, a plurality of types of phenoxy resins having different skeletons can be used, a plurality of types of phenoxy resins having different weight average molecular weights can be used, or prepolymers thereof can be used in combination.

  The molecular weight of the phenoxy resin is not particularly limited, but the weight average molecular weight is preferably 5,000 to 100,000. More preferably, it is 10,000-70,000. If the weight average molecular weight of the film-forming resin is not less than the lower limit, the effect of improving the film-forming property can be sufficiently obtained. On the other hand, if it is below the said upper limit, the solubility of film forming resin can be maintained and it is suitable. And by making the weight average molecular weight of film forming resin into the said range, it can be excellent in the balance of these characteristics.

  As a commercial product of phenoxy resin, it is a copolymer of biphenyl epoxy resin and bisphenol S epoxy resin, and has an epoxy group at the terminal portion, “YX-8100H30” manufactured by Japan Epoxy Resin Co., Ltd. (weight average) A molecular weight of 30,000), which is a copolymer of a phenoxy resin B / bisphenol A type epoxy resin and a bisphenol F type epoxy resin and having an epoxy group at the terminal portion. "JER E4275" (weight average molecular weight 60,000) manufactured by the company can be mentioned.

Further, “PKHC, PKHH, PKHJ” manufactured by Sakai Chemical Co., Ltd. as a copolymer of epichlorohydrin and bisphenol A or F, etc., and “Epicoat 4250” manufactured by Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd. as a phenoxy resin mixed with bisphenol A and bisphenol F are used. , Epicoat 4275, Epicoat 1255HX30 "," Epicoat 5580BPX40 "manufactured by Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd. as phenoxy resin using brominated epoxy, and" YP-50, YP-50S, YP "manufactured by Tohto Kasei Co., Ltd. as bisphenol A type phenoxy resins. -55, YP-70 "and" JER E1256, E4250, E4275, YX6954BH30, YL7290BH30 "manufactured by Japan Epoxy Resins Co., Ltd.
Among these, JER E1256 having the above-described preferable weight average molecular weight of 60,000 is preferably used.

(B) Glycidyl ether type epoxy resin Examples of the glycidyl ether type epoxy resin used in the laminate are, for example, bisphenol A type epoxy resin, bisphenol F type epoxy resin, bisphenol S type epoxy resin, phenol novolac type epoxy resin, cresol novolac type epoxy resin. And resorcinol type epoxy resin.

Since the liquid bisphenol A type epoxy resin, bisphenol F type epoxy resin and resorcinol type epoxy resin have low viscosity, it is preferable to use them in combination with other epoxy resins.
On the other hand, a solid bisphenol A type epoxy resin has a lower cross-linking density than a liquid bisphenol A type epoxy resin, so that the heat resistance is low, but a tougher structure is obtained, so that a glycidylamine type epoxy resin is obtained. Or a liquid bisphenol A type epoxy resin or a bisphenol F type epoxy resin.

An epoxy resin having a naphthalene skeleton can be suitably used because it provides a cured resin having low water absorption and high heat resistance.
Biphenyl type epoxy resins, dicyclopentadiene type epoxy resins, phenol aralkyl type epoxy resins and diphenyl fluorene type epoxy resins can also be suitably used because they give a cured resin with low water absorption.
Urethane-modified epoxy resins and isocyanate-modified epoxy resins can be suitably used because they give a cured resin with high fracture toughness and elongation.

  These epoxy resins may be used alone or in combination as appropriate. Mixing at least a bifunctional epoxy resin and a trifunctional or higher functional epoxy resin can have both the fluidity of the resin and the heat resistance after curing. In particular, a combination of a glycidylamine type epoxy and a glycidyl ether type epoxy is preferable because it makes it possible to achieve both heat resistance and water resistance and processability. In addition, it is preferable to mix at least one epoxy resin that is liquid at normal temperature and at least one epoxy resin that is solid at normal temperature because the tackiness and draping properties of the prepreg are appropriate.

  Phenol novolac type epoxy resins and cresol novolac type epoxy resins have high heat resistance and low water absorption, and thus give a cured resin having high heat resistance and water resistance. By using these phenol novolac-type epoxy resins and cresol novolac-type epoxy resins, the tackiness and draping properties of the prepreg can be adjusted while improving the heat and water resistance.

Commercially available products of bisphenol A type epoxy resin include “JER825, 834” manufactured by Japan Epoxy Resin, “Epicron 850” manufactured by Dainippon Ink & Chemicals, Inc. “Epototo YD-128” manufactured by Tohto Kasei Co., Ltd., Dow Examples thereof include “DER-331, 332” manufactured by Chemical Corporation.
Commercially available products of bisphenol F type epoxy resin include “JER806, 807 and 1750” manufactured by Japan Epoxy Resin, “Epicron 830” manufactured by Dainippon Ink & Chemicals, Ltd., and “Epototo YD-170” manufactured by Tohto Kasei Co., Ltd. Or the like.
Examples of commercially available resorcinol-type epoxy resins include “Deconal EX-201” manufactured by Nagase ChemteX Corporation.
Commercially available products of tetraglycidyldiaminodiphenylmethane type epoxy resin include “ELM434” manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd., “Araldite MY720, MY721, MY9512, MY9663 manufactured by Vantico, and“ Epototo YH-434 ”manufactured by Tohto Kasei Co., Ltd. Can be mentioned.
Examples of commercially available aminophenol type epoxy resins include “ELM120 and ELM100” manufactured by Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd., “Epicoat 630” manufactured by Japan Epoxy Resin Co., Ltd., and “Araldite MY0510” manufactured by Vantico.
Examples of commercially available glycidyl aniline type epoxy resins include “GAN and GOT” manufactured by Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd.
As a commercial item of a biphenyl type epoxy resin, Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd. "NC-3000" etc. can be mentioned.
Examples of commercially available dicyclopentadiene type epoxy resins include “HP7200” manufactured by Dainippon Ink and Chemicals, Inc.
Examples of commercially available urethane-modified epoxy resins include “AER4152” manufactured by Asahi Kasei Epoxy Corporation.
Examples of commercially available phenol novolac epoxy resins include “DEN431 and DEN438” manufactured by Dow Chemical Company, “Epicoat” manufactured by Japan Epoxy Resin Co., Ltd., and the like.

(C) Arylamine type antioxidant As the arylamine type antioxidant used in the laminate, any secondary amine having an aryl group can be suitably used. For example, 4,4′-bis (α, α′-dimethylbenzyl) diphenylamine (“Nonflex DCD” manufactured by Seiko Chemical Co., Ltd.), 4,4′-dioctyldiphenylamine (“Nonflex OD” manufactured by Seiko Chemical Co., Ltd.), phenyl- 1-naphthylamine (“Noclac PA” manufactured by Ouchi Shinsei Chemical Co., Ltd.), N, N′-di-2-naphthyl-p-phenylenediamine (“Noclac White” manufactured by Ouchi Shinsei Chemical Co., Ltd.), N, N ′ -Diphenyl-p-phenylenediamine ("Nockluck DP" manufactured by Ouchi Shinsei Chemical), N-phenyl-N'-isopropyl-p-phenylenediamine ("Nockluck 810-NA" manufactured by Ouchi Shinsei Chemical), N-phenyl-N ′-(1,3-dimethylbutyl) -p-phenylenediamine (“Nockluck 6C” manufactured by Ouchi Shinsei Chemical Co., Ltd.), N-phenyl-N ′-(3 Methacryloyloxy-2-hydroxypropyl)-p-phenylenediamine (Ouchi Shinko Chemical Co., Ltd. "knock rack G-1"), and the like.

(Content of component C)
Component C is preferably contained in a proportion of 0.01 to 100 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of thermoplastic resin B. If it is 0.01 mass part or more, the adhesive improvement effect can be exhibited, and if it is 100 mass parts or less, the moldability is good. Therefore, from this point of view, the content of component C is particularly preferably 0.1 to 30 parts by mass, and more preferably 0.1 to 10 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the thermoplastic resin B. preferable.

(Other ingredients)
The Y layer appropriately contains other resins, modifiers, fillers, plasticizers, ultraviolet absorbers, stabilizers and the like as long as the effects of the present invention are not significantly impaired for the purpose of improving and adjusting various physical properties. It is possible as appropriate.

<Thermoplastic resin layer (Z layer)>
The Z layer may be a layer mainly composed of a thermoplastic resin D containing halogen (hereinafter also referred to as “halogen-containing thermoplastic resin D”).

  The halogen contained may be fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine, but chlorine or fluorine is preferred from the viewpoint of chemical resistance and flame retardancy.

The halogen-containing thermoplastic resin D may be the same resin as the thermoplastic resin B or may be a different resin.
Specifically, for example, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl bromide, polytetrafluoroethylene, polychlorotrifluoroethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyvinyl fluoride, perfluoroalkoxy fluororesin, tetrafluoroethylene / hexafluoropropylene copolymer And ethylene / tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, ethylene / chlorotrifluoroethylene copolymer, polyvinylidene chloride, chlorinated polyethylene, vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer, vinyl chloride-butadiene copolymer, etc. Moreover, the alloy which consists of these 2 or more types of resin can also be used as the halogen-containing thermoplastic resin D.
Further, alloys of these halogen-containing resins with non-containing halogen resins such as polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyphenylene ether, polyamide, and polycarbonate can also be used as the halogen-containing thermoplastic resin D.
Furthermore, the olefin resin produced using the Ziegler-type catalyst contains a halogen-containing catalyst residue. The olefin resin containing such a halogen-containing catalyst residue can also be used as the halogen-containing thermoplastic resin D.

Among these, it is preferable to use a chlorine-containing resin from the viewpoints of flame retardancy, chemical resistance and cost.
Examples of the chlorine-containing resin include homopolymers such as polyvinyl chloride, chlorinated polyvinyl chloride, and chlorinated polyethylene, copolymers of a monomer having an unsaturated bond copolymerizable with vinyl chloride and vinyl chloride, and grafting to polyvinyl chloride. Examples thereof include a graft polymer of a monomer having a polymerizable unsaturated bond and polyvinyl chloride, a graft polymer of a polymer having an unsaturated bond polymerizable to vinyl chloride and vinyl chloride, and a mixture thereof.

  Here, examples of the monomer copolymerizable or graft-polymerized with vinyl chloride or polyvinyl chloride include olefins such as ethylene and propylene, halogenated olefins excluding vinyl chloride such as vinylidene chloride and vinyl fluoride, and acetic acid. Vinyl esters such as vinyl and vinyl laurate, alkyl vinyl ethers such as 2-ethylhexyl vinyl ether and dodecyl vinyl ether, acrylic acid such as acrylic acid, methyl acrylate and ethyl acrylate, or esters thereof, methacrylic acid, methyl methacrylate, Methacrylic acid such as 2-ethylhexyl methacrylate or its esters, maleic acid or esters thereof, acrylic derivatives such as acrylonitrile, N-substituted maleimide such as Nt-butylmaleimide, N-cyclohexylmaleimide , Mention may be made of maleic anhydride and styrene or the like, they may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

  Examples of the polymer that can be graft-polymerized with vinyl chloride include, for example, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, ethylene-ethyl acrylate copolymer, chlorinated polyethylene, polyurethane, polybutadiene-styrene-methyl methacrylate, polybutadiene-acrylonitrile- (α-methyl). ) Styrene, polybutyl acrylate, butyl rubber, polystyrene, styrene-butadiene copolymer, ethylene-vinyl acetate-carbon monoxide ternary copolymer, and acrylic rubber.

More specifically, for example, polyvinyl chloride, chlorinated polyvinyl chloride, chlorinated polyethylene, vinyl chloride-ethylene copolymer, vinyl chloride-propylene copolymer, vinyl chloride-isoprene copolymer, vinyl chloride-isobutylene copolymer, vinyl chloride-vinylidene chloride. Copolymer, vinyl chloride-chlorinated propylene copolymer, vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer, vinyl chloride-acrylic acid ester copolymer, vinyl chloride-methacrylic acid ester copolymer, vinyl chloride-maleic acid ester copolymer, vinyl chloride-acrylonitrile copolymer, vinyl chloride- N-substituted maleimide copolymer, vinyl chloride-styrene copolymer, vinyl chloride-polyurethane copolymer, vinyl chloride-ethylene-vinyl acetate ternary copolymer, vinyl chloride- Vinylidene chloride-vinyl acetate ternary copolymer, vinyl chloride-styrene-maleic anhydride terpolymer, vinyl chloride-styrene-acrylonitrile ternary copolymer, vinyl chloride-ethylene-vinyl acetate ternary copolymer, vinyl chloride-acrylic rubber graft polymer and Vinyl chloride-polyurethane graft polymers, etc., mixtures of these chlorine-containing resins and polyethylene, mixtures of polypropylene, mixtures of polybutenes, mixtures with α-olefin polymers such as poly-3-methylbutene, ethylene-vinyl acetate Copolymer, copolymer with ethylene-propylene copolymer, mixture with polystyrene, mixture with acrylic resin, styrene and other monomers (eg butadiene, acrylonitrile, maleic anhydride, etc.) A mixture with a mer, a mixture with an acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer, a mixture with an acrylate ester-butadiene-styrene copolymer, a mixture with a methacrylate ester-butadiene-styrene copolymer, and the like.
As these chlorine-containing resins, those produced by any method such as suspension polymerization, emulsion polymerization, and solution polymerization can be used.

The chlorine-containing resin may contain a stabilizer for improving thermal stability, a plasticizer for adjusting the viscosity of the mixed resin, and other known compounding agents.
In this case, as the stabilizer, for example, one or more selected from organic acid salts and inorganic acid salts of metals such as calcium, magnesium, barium, strontium, zinc, tin, and lead are employed.
As the plasticizer, one or more selected from dialkyl phthalates such as dioctyl phthalate, dibutyl phthalate and diethyl phthalate, phosphates such as tricresyl phosphate and triethyl phosphate, and epoxy compounds such as epoxidized soybean oil are employed. Is done.
As the lubricant, for example, one or more selected from hydrocarbons such as polyethylene wax, higher fatty acids such as stearic acid, esters such as butyl stearate and the like are employed.

  The halogen-containing thermoplastic resin D preferably has a molding temperature of 100 to 250 ° C, more preferably 120 ° C to 220 ° C, from the viewpoint of lamination strength.

(Other ingredients)
The Z layer is for the purpose of improving and adjusting various physical properties, and other resins, modifiers, fillers, plasticizers, lubricants, antistatic agents, ultraviolet absorbers, and stabilizers as long as the effects of the present invention are not significantly impaired. It is possible to appropriately contain an agent and the like.

<Laminated structure>
As a laminated structure of this laminated body, what is necessary is just to provide one or more thermosetting resin layers (X layer), a thermoplastic resin layer (Y layer), and a thermoplastic resin layer (Z layer), respectively. For example, it may be a three-layer structure consisting of X layer / Y layer / Z layer, X layer / Z layer / Y layer, Z layer / Y layer / X layer / Y layer, Z layer / Y layer / X layer / Z layer, Y layer / X layer / Z layer / X layer, etc., may be a four-layer structure, or more multilayer structures such as Z layer / Y layer / X layer / Y layer / Z layer / Y layer / X layer / Y layer / Z layer may be used.
Further, if necessary, other layers may be interposed between the X layer and the Y layer, between the X layer and the Z layer, and between the Y layer and the Z layer.

Among these, since the interfacial adhesion between the X layer and the Y layer can be improved by blending the specific component C with the thermoplastic resin B, the X layer and the Y layer are arranged adjacent to each other. Is preferred.
In order to increase the rigidity, it is preferable to arrange the Z layer as the outermost layer, particularly the Z layer as the front and back layers.

  The thickness of the X layer is not particularly limited, but for example, when formed from a carbon fiber reinforced resin in which carbon fibers and a thermosetting resin are combined and integrated, for example, 5 μm to 1000 μm is preferable, and in particular, 10 μm to More preferably, it is 500 μm, especially 20 μm to 500 μm.

  The thickness of the Y layer is not particularly limited, but considering the use requiring rigidity, the Y layer has a thickness of 0.01 mm to 10 mm, particularly 0.01 mm to 1 mm, and particularly 0.01 mm to 0.5 mm. Is preferred.

  The thickness of the Z layer is not particularly limited, but in the laminated configuration disposed in the outermost layer, the Z layer of the front and back layers is 0.1 mm to 100 mm in consideration of applications that require surface smoothness and rigidity. In particular, the thickness is preferably 0.1 mm to 1 mm, particularly preferably 0.5 mm to 1 mm. On the other hand, the Z layer of the intermediate layer may be determined in consideration of the thickness of the entire laminate.

  The thickness of the laminate is not particularly limited, but considering applications that require cost and rigidity, it is preferably 1 mm to 200 mm, particularly 1 mm to 50 mm, and especially 2 to 20 mm.

<Manufacturing method>
This laminate is an X layer forming sheet mainly composed of a thermosetting resin composite A containing an uncured thermosetting resin, and a Y layer forming mainly comprising a thermoplastic resin B and containing a component C. A sheet and a Z layer-forming sheet mainly composed of a halogen-containing thermoplastic resin D are prepared, and these sheets are laminated and bonded to each other. However, it is not limited to this manufacturing method.

The production method of the X layer forming sheet is arbitrary. For example, when the main component is a carbon fiber reinforced resin in which carbon fiber and thermosetting resin are combined and integrated, for example, a prepreg made of a thin sheet-like impregnated body in which carbon fiber is impregnated in a thermosetting resin, for example. Can be produced.
On the other hand, the Y layer forming sheet and the Z layer forming sheet may be formed by a known forming method such as a calendar method or an extrusion method.

The means for laminating the X layer forming sheet, the Y layer forming sheet, and the Z layer forming sheet and bonding them together is not particularly limited, but is preferably thermocompression bonded to each other.
By blending the specific component C with the thermoplastic resin B, the interfacial adhesion by thermocompression bonding between the X layer and the Y layer and between the Y layer and the Z layer can be remarkably improved.
For example, an X layer forming sheet containing as a main component a thermosetting resin composite A containing an uncured thermosetting resin, and a Y layer forming sheet containing a thermoplastic resin B as a main component and containing component C, The Z-layer-forming sheet containing the halogen-containing thermoplastic resin D as a main component is laminated and laminated, and these are heated and pressed to be thermocompression bonded.
As a standard of the thermocompression bonding conditions in this case, for example, it is preferable that the temperature is 160 to 220 ° C., the pressure is 10 kg / cm ^{2 to} 100 kg / cm ² , and the time is 10 minutes to 100 minutes.

<Explanation of terms>
In the present invention, the “main component” includes the meaning of allowing other components to be contained within a range that does not interfere with the function of the main component, unless otherwise specified. At this time, the content ratio of the main component is not specified, but the main component (when two or more components are main components, the total amount thereof) is 50% by mass or more, particularly 70% by mass in the composition. %, More preferably 90% by mass or more (including 100%).

  In general, “sheet” is a thin product as defined by JIS and generally has a thickness that is small and flat instead of length and width. In general, “film” refers to length and width. A thin flat product having an extremely small thickness and an arbitrarily limited maximum thickness, usually supplied in the form of a roll (Japanese Industrial Standard JISK6900). For example, in terms of thickness, in the narrow sense, a film having a thickness of 100 μm or more is sometimes referred to as a sheet, and a film having a thickness of less than 100 μm is sometimes referred to as a film. However, since the boundary between the sheet and the film is not clear and it is not necessary to distinguish the two in terms of the present invention, in the present invention, even when the term “film” is used, the term “sheet” is included and the term “sheet” is used. In some cases, “film” is included.

In the present invention, when expressed as “X to Y” (X and Y are arbitrary numbers), “X is preferably greater than X” and “preferably Y”, with the meaning of “X to Y” unless otherwise specified. It means “smaller”.
Further, in the present invention, when expressed as “X or more” (X is an arbitrary number), it means “preferably larger than X” unless otherwise specified, and “Y or less” (Y is an arbitrary number). ) Includes the meaning of “preferably smaller than Y” unless otherwise specified.

  The laminated body having such a configuration can be molded simultaneously with the curing of the thermosetting resin by heating to the curing temperature of the thermosetting resin constituting the thermosetting resin composite A. In this case, the component C contained in the Y layer can impart compatibility and chemical bond to the thermoplastic resin B, so that the thermosetting resin layer (X Layer) and the thermoplastic resin layer (Y layer), and between the thermoplastic resin layer (Y layer) and the thermoplastic resin layer (Z layer), a strong interfacial adhesiveness is imparted. Since the molded body obtained by molding has strong interfacial adhesiveness, it becomes a laminate having high rigidity characteristics.

As shown in FIG. 1A, the wall surface panel 1 of the present invention configured using the laminate is polymerized by bonding the laminates 2 and 2 as face plates on both sides in the thickness direction of the core material 3, respectively. The laminated bodies 2 and 2 and the core material 3 are fixed and integrated with an agent or the like.
The core material 3 is preferably made of a lightweight material having a certain degree of rigidity. For example, a foamed synthetic resin material such as foamed urethane or polystyrene, or a partition material partitioned in the thickness direction such as a honeycomb core is used. It can be formed to an appropriate thickness.
Further, as shown in FIG. 5B, a core member 3 is constituted by a frame member 4 surrounding the peripheral side of the wall panel 1 and a plurality of beam members 5 juxtaposed inside the frame member 4. The wall surface panel 1 may be configured by superposing the laminates 2 and 2 on both sides of the beam 4 and the beam member 5 and fixing and joining the bonded portions by adhesion or welding. As the frame member 4 and the beam member 5, a square member made of synthetic resin such as vinyl chloride resin can be used.
Further, as shown in FIG. 5C, the core material 3 is constituted by filling the space portion defined by the frame material 4 and the beam material 5 with the foamed synthetic resin material or the partition material as the filler 3a. Also good.
The vertical and horizontal dimensions and thickness of the wall surface panel 1 can be set as appropriate according to the usage.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the horizontal sheet pile 11 of the present invention is formed by forming the wall panel 1 having the above-described configuration into a rectangular plate shape that is longer in the horizontal direction than the vertical direction and has a constant thickness, and its upper end portion 11 a. For the purpose of improving and ensuring the watertightness between the lateral sheet piles 11 and 11 that are installed by stacking up and down by joining the end to either or both of the lower end 11b, for example, natural rubber or synthetic rubber It is a known rubber, and is constructed by attaching a water stop member 11c made of a water stop rubber made of foamed EPDM.

Then, as shown in FIG. 3, a parent pile insertion hole 13 for supporting the lower end portion of the parent pile 12 and standing the parent pile 12 on the ground surface in advance in the soil of the river area where the waterproof protection fence is installed. A plurality of piles are provided, and when the amount of water in the river increases, the parent pile 12 is inserted into each parent pile insertion hole 13 so that the parent pile 12 is juxtaposed on the ground surface, and the side piles 11 are opposed to each other. A waterproof protective fence 14 is configured by inserting the upper and lower left and right edges of the cross-sheet pile 11 between the parent piles 12 and 12 and holding them between them.
The waterproof protection fence 14 is configured so that a plurality of horizontal sheet piles 11 can be stowed sequentially from the upper side of the parent piles 12 and 12 in a state where the horizontal sheet pile 11 is sandwiched between the parent piles 12 and 12, thereby making the waterproof protection fence a predetermined height. Can be formed. In this case, the number of the lateral sheet piles 11 to be used is in the range of 1 to 20 sheets, preferably 1 to 10 sheets in consideration of the height of the waterproof protection fence 14 to be installed and the longitudinal length of the lateral sheet piles 11. It can be set appropriately. In addition, as shown in FIG. 4, for the purpose of improving the water tightness of the joint between the main pile 12 and the horizontal sheet pile 11 in a state where the horizontal sheet pile 11 is held between the main piles 12, 12, It is preferable to attach the water stop member 15 inside the portion 12a. The material of the water stop member 15 can use the same material as the water stop member 11c of the horizontal sheet pile 11 mentioned above, or a different material.

  Examples of the wall panel of the present invention will be shown below to describe the present invention more specifically. However, the following examples do not limit the present invention.

<Example 1>
First, the forming raw material of the laminate 2 used in the examples will be described.
As the thermosetting resin composite A containing carbon fiber, a PAN-based carbon fiber prepreg sheet (carbon fiber: tensile elastic modulus 230 GPa, basis weight 250 g / m ² ) impregnated with an uncured epoxy resin was used.

As the thermoplastic resin B, a vinyl chloride resin (“TH-800” manufactured by Taiyo PVC Co., Ltd.), which is a chlorine-containing thermoplastic resin, is used. MA300A ”)) and 5 parts by mass of a lubricant (“ VPN882 ”manufactured by Cognis Co., Ltd.) 0.5 parts by mass were used as a raw material for the Y layer.
In addition, 3 parts by mass of bisphenol A type phenoxy resin (“JER E1256” manufactured by Japan Epoxy Resin Co., Ltd., weight average molecular weight 60,000), which is a phenoxy resin, as component C was used as the raw material for the Y layer.

  100 parts by mass of a vinyl chloride resin (“TH-800” manufactured by Taiyo PVC Co., Ltd.), which is a chlorine-containing thermoplastic resin as the halogen-containing thermoplastic resin D, and 5 masses of a tin-based thermal stabilizer (“MA300A” manufactured by Nitto Kasei Co., Ltd.) And a resin composition comprising 0.5 parts by weight of a lubricant (“VPN882” manufactured by Cognis Co., Ltd.) and 0.1 part of an ultraviolet absorber (“JF77” manufactured by Johoku Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) as a raw material for the Z layer Using.

(Preparation of Y layer forming sheet)
A resin composition comprising the thermoplastic resin B, a tin-based heat stabilizer and a lubricant, and the component C (5 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the thermoplastic resin B) are kneaded with a roll for 5 minutes. A roll sheet (; Y layer forming sheet) having a thickness of 2 mm was obtained.

(Preparation of Z layer forming sheet)
The resin composition comprising the halogen-containing thermoplastic resin D, tin-based heat stabilizer, lubricant and ultraviolet absorber was kneaded for 5 minutes with a roll to obtain a roll sheet (; Z layer forming sheet) having a thickness of 1 mm.

(Manufacturing method of laminate)
The Y layer forming sheet is stacked on the front and back surfaces of the carbon fiber prepreg sheet (X layer) impregnated with the epoxy resin, and the Z layer forming sheet is stacked to form a five-layer structure (Z / Y / X / Y / Z). = 1 mm / 0.2 mm / 0.85 mm / 0.2 mm / 1 mm), and this was thermocompression bonded at a temperature of 180 ° C. and a pressure of 30 kg / cm ² , and as shown in FIG. A 5-layer laminate 2 (Z / Y / X / Y / Z) was obtained.

As shown in FIG. 6, the five layers are laminated on both the front and back sides of the core 3 surrounded by a frame member 4 made of a square pipe made of vinyl chloride and filled with foamed urethane having a specific gravity of 0.2 inside. The bodies 2 and 2 were polymerized as face plates and fixed and integrated to obtain a wall panel 1.
The formation dimensions of the wall surface panel 1 were 150 cm × 30 cm in length and breadth (long side and short side), thickness was 3 cm, and mass (weight) was 4 kg. A square pipe having a cross-sectional dimension of 25 mm × 25 mm and a wall thickness of 3 mm was used.

<Example 2>
In Example 1, a wall panel was used in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a paper honeycomb core partition wall material (“Hanicome-P” manufactured by Nippon Feather Core Co., Ltd.) was used as the core material 3 instead of urethane foam. 1 was obtained. The mass of the wall surface panel 1 was 4.5 kg.

<Example 3>
As shown in FIG. 7, using the same square pipe as in Example 1, the core material 3 is composed of the frame material 4 and the beam material 5, and the same five-layer laminates 2 and 2 as in Example 1 are used as the face plates for polymerization. Then, the wall panel 1 having the same dimensions as in Example 1 was obtained by fixing and integrating. The mass of the wall panel 1 was 4.2 kg.

<Example 4>
In Example 1, a wall panel 1 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a foamed polystyrene having a specific gravity of 0.03 was used as the core material 3 instead of the urethane foam resin. Adhesion between the laminates 2 and 2 and the polystyrene foam was performed using a one-component heat-curable epoxy resin. The mass of the wall panel 1 was 2 kg.

<Comparative Example 1>
On the front and back surfaces of the carbon fiber prepreg sheet (X layer) impregnated with the epoxy resin, using a sheet using the same molding raw material as in Example 1 and Z layer forming sheets formed in thicknesses of 0.5 mm and 28 mm, respectively. The Y layer forming sheet is stacked, and the 0.5 mm and 28 mm Z layer forming sheets are stacked to form a nine layer configuration (Z / Y / X / Y / Z / Y / X / Y / Z). And a thermocompression bonding at a temperature of 180 ° C. and a pressure of 30 kg / cm ² , and a nine-layer laminate (Z / Y / X / Y / Z / Y / X / Y / Z = 0.5 mm / 0.2mm / 0.1mm / 0.2mm / 28mm / 0.2mm / 0.1mm / 0.2mm / 0.5mm) and processed to the same dimensions as the wall panel of Example 1 for comparison An example wall panel was obtained. The mass of the wall panel was 25 kg.

<Wall panel evaluation test>
The wall panel produced by the Example and the comparative example was made into the test piece, the both sides of the test piece were supported from the lower side, and the bending amount of the panel was measured by the 3 point | piece bending test which concentrates load on the center from upper direction.
The assumed load was set to 420 kg and the span was set to 1.4 m, and the load loading method was carried out by replacing the uniformly distributed load with a point load. The measurement results are shown in Table 1.

  Comparative Example 1 is a panel having the same material configuration as that of a conventional sheet pile, and the wall panel of the present invention according to each example can be configured to be extremely lightweight. The rigidity of the wall panel of each example and the comparative example is the same, and the lightweight wall panel of the present invention is extremely effective for simplifying and speeding up the construction and installation work.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Wall panel, 2 laminated body, 3 core material, 4 frame material, 5 beam material, 11 side sheet pile, 12 parent pile, 13 parent pile insertion hole, 14 waterproof guard fence

Claims (5)

  Heat mainly composed of an adhesive layer composed mainly of a thermoplastic resin and a halogen-containing thermoplastic resin on both the front and back surfaces of the thermosetting resin layer composed mainly of a thermosetting resin composite containing carbon fibers. A wall panel comprising a structure in which a face plate made of a laminate in which a plastic resin layer is laminated is polymerized on both sides in the thickness direction of a core material.   2. The wall panel according to claim 1, wherein the core material has a configuration formed of a partition material partitioned in a thickness direction, such as a foamed synthetic resin material or a honeycomb core.   3. The wall panel according to claim 1, wherein the core member has a structure in which a plurality of synthetic resin beam members are juxtaposed between the laminated face plates. 4.   A horizontal sheet pile having a configuration in which a water stop member is attached to an upper end portion and / or a lower end portion of the wall surface panel according to claim 1. A parent pile horizontal sheet pile type waterproof protective fence having a configuration including the horizontal sheet pile according to claim 4 and a parent pile for bridging the horizontal sheet pile.

Images