JP4896365B2 - 水性触媒インクを基板上に塗布する方法、ならびにそれによって得られる触媒被覆基板および膜電極アセンブリ - Google Patents
水性触媒インクを基板上に塗布する方法、ならびにそれによって得られる触媒被覆基板および膜電極アセンブリ Download PDFInfo
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Description
(a)湿度および温度を制御した条件下にて、基板を触媒インクで被覆して、この基板上に堆積触媒インクを形成する工程であって、ここで、この触媒インクは、電極触媒、イオノマーおよび水を含有する;
(b)湿度および温度を制御した条件下にて、この堆積触媒インクをレベリングして、触媒被覆基板を形成する工程;および
(c)この触媒被覆基板を高温で乾燥する工程。
(a)被覆隔室であって、この被覆隔室は、触媒インクを塗布する;および
(b)レベリング隔室であって、このレベリング隔室は、堆積触媒インクをレベリングする、
ここで、この装置は、連続製造ラインに一体化される、装置を提供する。
本発明は、触媒被覆基板を製造する方法およびこれらの基板の使用に関する。これらの触媒被覆基板(例えば、触媒被覆膜(「CCMs」)、触媒被覆裏地(「CCBs」)および他の触媒被覆テープ材料)は、制御した相対湿度および温度にて水性触媒インクを基板に塗布する工程を包含する方法で、製造される。引き続く工程では、これらの基板は、制御した湿度および温度で、一定期間にわたって保持され、そのインク堆積物のレベリングが達成される。このレベリング工程に続いて乾燥工程があり、この乾燥工程後、非常に滑らかな触媒層が得られる。
(a)温度および湿度を制御した条件下にて、基板を触媒インクで被覆して、堆積触媒インクを形成する工程であって、ここで、該触媒インクは、電極触媒、イオノマーおよび水を含有する;
(b)温度および湿度を制御した条件下にて、該堆積触媒インクをレベリングして、触媒被覆基板を形成する工程;ならびに
(c)該触媒被覆基板を乾燥する工程。
本発明は、水性触媒インクを種々の基板に塗布することに関する。これらのインクは、印刷工程(例えば、スクリーン印刷、ステンシル印刷、オフセット印刷など)、ドクターブレード技術、ブラッシング技術、噴霧技術または他の公知の塗装技術により、塗布できる。
20.0g 電極触媒Elyst A 40(40%Pt/C,OMG AG,Hanau)
63.8g Nafion(登録商標)イオノマー溶液(水中の15重量%)
15.0g ジプロピレングリコール
1.2g 界面活性剤Surfynol 420(Air Products and Chemicals,Inc.)
(合計100.0g)
この貴金属ベース触媒をNafion(登録商標)溶液で十分に混合し、次いで、このグリコール溶媒および界面活性剤を加え、撹拌装置によって、この触媒インクを調製した。イオノマー膜ストリップ(Nafion(登録商標)112、厚さ50ミクロン、幅0.5m、長さ10m)上への触媒インクの被覆を、EP1037295B1で開示されたような連続オープンリール式被覆機で実行した。この膜の表側および裏側に印刷する能動領域は、100cm2(10×10cm)であった。このスクリーン印刷機のスキージー領域を、密封隔室(この内では、25℃の温度で90%の一定相対湿度を維持した)で覆った。この目的のために、超音波ネブライザーによって、水蒸気ミストをこの隔室に連続的に加えた。それに加えて、このオープンリール設備ラインには、別のレベリングチャンバを一体化し、これもまた、このネブライザーからの水蒸気と共に、供給した。この印刷工程後、この膜ストリップを、湿度を制御した別のレベリングチャンバを通して輸送した(90%相対湿度、25℃、滞留時間2分間)。そのスクリーンメッシュパターンの個々の印刷堆積物を平らにして、滑らかな連続触媒層を形成した。このレベリングチャンバに通した後、その被覆膜を、熱風によって、ベルト乾燥機で乾燥した。その乾燥条件は、100℃で5分間であった。この第一印刷後のPt装填量は、0.2mg Pt/cm2であった。
これらのCCMs/MEAsを、50cm2の能動領域を有するPEMFC単セル(これは、水素/空気給送気体で運転する)で試験した。この電池の温度は、80℃であり、その操作気体圧力は、1.5バールであった。アノード加湿は、80℃であり、カソード加湿は、60℃であり、そして化学量論は、1.5(アノード)/2(カソード)であった。表1で示すように、本発明に従って製造したCCMsおよびCCBsベースのMEAsは、600mA/cm2の電流密度で、670mVの範囲の高い電池電圧を有する(これは、約0.4W/cm2の出力密度となる)。
Claims (13)
- 水性触媒インクを基板上に塗布する方法であって、以下の工程:
(a)湿度および温度を制御した条件下にて、基板を水性触媒インクで被覆して、該基板上に堆積水性触媒インクを形成する工程であって、ここで、該水性触媒インクは、電極触媒、イオノマーおよび水を含有し、該被覆することが、被覆隔室内で行われ、そして該被覆隔室内の湿度が、10〜60℃の範囲の温度で、60〜100%の相対湿度で維持される工程;
(b)湿度および温度を制御した条件下にて、該堆積水性触媒インクをレベリングして、水性触媒インク被覆基板を形成する工程であって、該レベリングすることが、レベリング隔室内で行われ、そして該レベリング隔室内の湿度が、10〜60℃の範囲の温度で、60〜100%の相対湿度で維持され、該堆積水性触媒インクのレベリングが、1〜10分間の期間にわたって実行される、工程;および
(c)該水性触媒インク被覆基板を高温で乾燥する工程であって、該乾燥することが乾燥隔室で起こる工程、を包含する、方法。 - 前記水性触媒インクが、さらに、有機溶媒を含有する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記水性触媒インクが、さらに、界面活性剤を1パスカルと600パスカルとの間の蒸気圧で含有する、請求項2に記載の方法。
- 前記基板が、高分子フィルム、イオノマー膜、炭素繊維、カーボンクロス、カーボンフェルト、カーボン紙、カーボンメッシュ、針状フェルト、およびメリヤスからなる群から選択される、請求項3に記載の方法。
- 前記基板が、個別シートまたは連続ロール形状で存在している、請求項4に記載の方法。
- 前記水性触媒インクの乾燥が、40〜150℃の範囲の温度で、1〜10分間にわたって実行される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 請求項1に記載の方法により作製される触媒被覆基板であって、前記触媒で被覆される基板がイオノマー膜である、触媒被覆基板。
- 請求項1に記載の方法により作製される触媒被覆基板であって、前記触媒で被覆される基板がカーボンクロスである、触媒被覆基板。
- 請求項1に記載の方法により作製される触媒被覆基板であって、前記触媒で被覆される基板が高分子フィルム、移動テープ材料、紙ベース材料、転写基板または金属基板テープである、触媒被覆基板。
- 請求項7に記載の触媒被覆イオノマー膜を含む、膜電極アセンブリ。
- 請求項8に記載の触媒被覆カーボンクロスを含む、膜電極アセンブリ。
- PEMFCまたはDMFC燃料スタックにおける使用のための請求項10に記載の膜電極アセンブリであって、該燃料スタックに含まれる膜電極アセンブリ。
- PEMFCまたはDMFC燃料スタックにおける使用のための請求項11に記載の膜電極アセンブリであって、該燃料スタックに含まれる膜電極アセンブリ。
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EP02017238.3 | 2002-07-31 | ||
EP02017238.3A EP1387422B1 (en) | 2002-07-31 | 2002-07-31 | Process for the manufacture of catalyst-coated substrates |
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US (1) | US20040023105A1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1387422B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4896365B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR101041734B1 (ja) |
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CA (1) | CA2436261C (ja) |
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US20050041251A1 (en) * | 2003-08-18 | 2005-02-24 | Hong Cao | Method and apparatus for measuring loading of waterproofing agent in carbon substrate |
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US7041191B2 (en) * | 2004-05-27 | 2006-05-09 | Institute Of Nuclear Energy Research | Method for manufacturing membrane electrode assembly of fuel cell by printing processes |
US8182884B2 (en) * | 2005-02-28 | 2012-05-22 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Process for application of a hydrophilic coating to fuel cell bipolar plates |
WO2006103035A1 (en) * | 2005-03-30 | 2006-10-05 | Umicore Ag & Co. Kg | Ink for producing catalyst layers |
WO2006111450A1 (en) * | 2005-04-20 | 2006-10-26 | Agfa Graphics Nv | Process for offset printing of a catalytic species via a hydrophilic phase |
US20060236886A1 (en) * | 2005-04-20 | 2006-10-26 | Agfa-Gevaert | Process for the offset printing of a catalytic species via a hydrophilic phase |
DE112006002140B4 (de) * | 2005-08-12 | 2022-07-14 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC (n. d. Ges. d. Staates Delaware) | Hydrophile Beschichtung für Brennstoffzellen-Bipolarplatte und Verfahren zur Herstellung derselben |
JP4550784B2 (ja) * | 2005-09-28 | 2010-09-22 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 電解質構造体の製造方法 |
FR2892861B1 (fr) * | 2005-11-02 | 2013-07-05 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Procede de fabrication d'un assemblage "electrode-membrane- electrode" de type ccb en continu |
JP5422957B2 (ja) * | 2008-09-29 | 2014-02-19 | 大日本印刷株式会社 | 燃料電池用触媒層を形成するためのインクジェット用インキ、燃料電池用触媒層及びその製造方法並びに触媒層−電解質膜積層体 |
WO2011003884A1 (de) * | 2009-07-07 | 2011-01-13 | Basf Se | Polymerpartikel enthaltende tinte, elektrode und mea |
EP2474066A1 (en) * | 2009-09-03 | 2012-07-11 | E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Company | Improved catalyst coated membranes having composite, thin membranes and thin cathodes for use in direct methanol fuel cells |
WO2014037828A1 (de) * | 2012-09-06 | 2014-03-13 | Basf Se | Gasdiffusionselektroden für metall-sauerstoff-zellen und deren herstellung |
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US9819029B2 (en) * | 2016-02-15 | 2017-11-14 | Doosan Fuel Cell America, Inc. | Method of making a fuel cell component |
EP3850647A4 (en) * | 2018-09-14 | 2022-10-12 | Sila Nanotechnologies Inc. | BATTERY ELECTRODE COMPOSITION COMPRISING CARBON DERIVED FROM BIOMASS |
FR3089694A3 (fr) | 2018-12-07 | 2020-06-12 | Michelin & Cie | Procédé de fabrication d’un assemblage membrane-électrode pour pile à combustible |
WO2020115450A1 (fr) | 2018-12-07 | 2020-06-11 | Compagnie Generale Des Etablissements Michelin | Procédé de fabrication d'un assemblage membrane-électrode pour pile à combustible |
DE102019212134A1 (de) * | 2019-08-13 | 2021-02-18 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Membran-Elektroden-Einheit für eine Polymer-Elektrolyt-Membran-Brennstoffzelle mit katalysatorschichtfreier Teilfläche einer Membran-Oberfläche einer protonenleitenden Membran der Membran-Elektroden-Einheit |
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US20230047140A1 (en) * | 2021-08-16 | 2023-02-16 | University Of Tennessee Research Foundation | Electrodes comprising liquid/gas diffusion layers and systems and methods for making and using the same |
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2002
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EP1387422B1 (en) | 2016-04-06 |
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CA2436261A1 (en) | 2004-01-31 |
US20040023105A1 (en) | 2004-02-05 |
JP2004071564A (ja) | 2004-03-04 |
KR101041734B1 (ko) | 2011-06-16 |
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BR0302426A (pt) | 2004-09-08 |
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