JP4893628B2 - Elevator emergency stop device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an emergency stop device for an elevator which is provided on a lifting body and operates when the lifting body is lowered at an abnormal speed.

  In a conventional elevator emergency stop device, the wedge piece rises due to the lowering of the lifting body due to the abnormal speed and press-fits between the guide rail surface and the pressing surface of the pressing body, and the lifting body is lowered by the pressing force of the pressing body. (For example, refer to Patent Document 1).

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2004-352401

  In the conventional elevator apparatus, after the wedge piece rises due to the descent due to the abnormal speed of the lifting body, the wedge piece comes into contact with the guide rail surface and is press-fitted between the guide rail surface and the pressing surface of the pressing body. For this reason, a certain amount of time is required from when the wedge piece starts to rise until the wedge piece comes into contact with the guide rail surface. This certain time lengthens the operation delay time from the abnormal lowering of the lifting body to the start of braking of the emergency stop device. There was a problem to do. In addition, if the operation delay time becomes longer, the flying distance / elevation time of the lifting body and the distance of abnormal lowering of the lifting body become longer, and the operation speed at the time of emergency stop increases, so the impact on the lifting body becomes larger. There was a point.

  The elevator safety device according to the present invention includes a lifting body, a guide rail standing on the hoistway and guiding the lifting of the lifting body, and provided on the lifting body, the upper side facing the guide rail is on the guide rail side. A pressing piece formed with an inclined pressing surface, and a braking wedge piece that is slidably contacted with the pressing surface of the pressing piece and press-fitted between the guide rail and the pressing surface of the pressing piece during an emergency stop operation to brake the lowering of the lifting body The pressing piece includes a movable pressing piece having a pressing surface formed so as to be displaceable in the left-right direction, a movable pressing piece, and a fixed portion on the side opposite to the guide rail of the movable pressing piece. It is arranged in between and normally holds the movable pressing piece so that the brake wedge piece and the guide rail are separated from each other, and rotates during the emergency stop operation to horizontally move the movable pressing piece to the guide rail side, thereby moving the braking wedge piece to the guide rail. And a cam that presses against.

  Further, in the elevator safety device according to the present invention, the pressing piece has a fixed pressing piece provided on the fixed portion on the side opposite to the guide rail of the movable pressing piece, and the cam pivots on a bearing bracket provided on the fixed pressing piece. It is provided between the movable connecting piece and the fixed pressing piece provided on the held connecting shaft.

  Further, the elevator apparatus according to the present invention is provided with a biasing body that draws the movable pressing piece and the anti-guide rail side fixing portion of the movable pressing piece, and applies a force in the opposite direction to that of the emergency stop operation to the cam. Is.

  The elevator apparatus according to the present invention is provided with a stopper that prevents the cam from rotating when the cam rotates during the emergency stop operation, the braking surface abuts against the guide rail, and the cam rotates by a small amount. is there.

  In the elevator apparatus according to the present invention, the upward displacement of the lifting rod that is pulled up by the operation of the speed governor during the emergency stop operation is converted into the rotational force of the cam.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the operation delay time of the braking start of an emergency stop apparatus can be shortened, and it can be set as a safer elevator apparatus.

1 is a plan view conceptually showing the arrangement of related members of an elevator safety device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a front view of FIG. FIG. 3 is a view corresponding to FIG. 2 showing the elevator safety device before operation. FIG. 4 is a view corresponding to FIG. 2 showing an initial operation stage of the elevator safety device. FIG. 5 is a view corresponding to FIG. 2 illustrating the operation of the elevator safety device. FIG. 6 is a view corresponding to FIG. 2 in Embodiment 2 of the present invention. FIG. 7 is a view corresponding to FIG. 1 in Embodiment 3 of the present invention. FIG. 8 is a view corresponding to FIG. 2 in the third embodiment. FIG. 9 is a view corresponding to FIG. 1 in Embodiment 4 of the invention. FIG. 10 is a view corresponding to FIG. 2 in the fourth embodiment.

Explanation of symbols

1 elevator car,
2 guide rails,
2a guide rail surface,
3 Emergency stop device,
4 frame,
4a Notch,
5 Pressing body,
5a U-shaped plate spring,
6 Vertical axis,
7 First pressing piece,
7a Second pressing piece,
7b pressing surface,
8 Brake wedge piece,
8a braking surface,
8b Fixed brake body,
9 Roller 10 Bearing bracket,
11 connecting shaft,
12 cams,
13 First energizing body,
13a guide shaft,
14 Second energizing body,
14a disc spring,
15 retainer,
16 Lifting lever,
17 Lifting rod,
18 stopper,

  In an embodiment of the present invention, an elevator comprising a pair of left and right pressing pieces disposed on both sides of the guide rail surface, and a braking wedge piece that is press-fitted between the pressing piece and the guide rail surface to emergency stop the elevator car. An emergency stop device will be described as an example.

1 is a plan view conceptually showing the arrangement of related members of an elevator safety device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a front view of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is an emergency stop operation of the elevator safety device. FIG. 4 is a view equivalent to FIG. 3 showing an initial state of the emergency stop operation of the elevator emergency stop device, and FIG. 5 is a view equivalent to FIG. 3 showing a state during the emergency stop operation of the elevator emergency stop device. It is.
In the figure, 1 is an elevator body (not shown in FIG. 1) made up of an elevator car provided in a hoistway (not shown), and 2 is a cross-sectional T-shape standing on the hoistway to guide the elevator car 1 ascending and descending. A guide rail 2a is formed on both sides of the foot side of the guide rail 2 protruding to the elevator car 1 side, and 3 is provided on the elevator car 1. When the elevator car 1 drops at an abnormal speed, the guide rail 2 It is an emergency stop device that performs an emergency stop operation by friction.
Hereinafter, the detailed configuration and operation of the pair of safety devices 3 will be described.

Reference numeral 4 denotes a box-shaped frame of the emergency stop device 3 provided in contact with the lower side of the elevator car 1. An opening is formed on the front surface, and the opening is opposed to the guide rail 2. 4a is a notch provided above and below the opening of the frame body 4, and the foot side of the guide rail 2 enters. The frame 4 is not shown except for a part in FIG.
Reference numeral 5 denotes a pair of left and right pressing bodies that extend forward and rearward inside the frame body 4 and the inner front end faces the guide rail surface 2a. Reference numeral 6 denotes a pair of left and right pressing bodies 5 pivoted to the frame body 4 in the middle in the longitudinal direction. A pair of left and right vertical shafts, 7 is a pair of left and right fixed pressing pieces provided inside the front ends of the pair of left and right pressing bodies 5, and 7a is separated from the pair of left and right fixed pressing pieces 7 toward the guide rail surface 2a. A pair of left and right movable pressing pieces 7b that are arranged and displaceable in the left and right direction are composed of side surfaces facing the guide rail surface 2a of the pair of left and right movable pressing pieces 7a, and the upper side is inclined to the guide rail surface 2a side. A pair of pressing surfaces, 8 has a wedge shape, a pair of left and right brake wedge pieces slidingly in contact with the pair of left and right pressing surfaces 7b with the wedge-shaped pointed end facing upward, 8a is formed and guided on the pair of left and right braking wedge pieces 8 A pair of left and right braking surfaces opposed to the rail surface 2a, 9 is a pair of left and right In the guide rollers provided between the movable pressure piece 7a and a pair of left and right brake wedge piece 8, to reduce the frictional resistance to sliding in the vertical direction.
Reference numeral 10 denotes a pair of left and right bearing brackets projecting from the pair of left and right movable pressing pieces 7a of the pair of left and right fixed pressing pieces 7, and 11 denotes a left and right pivotally provided on the pair of left and right bearing brackets 10 and extending horizontally in the front-rear direction. A pair of connecting shafts 12 is a pair of left and right different diameter cams provided on the front end side of the pair of left and right connecting shafts 11 and disposed between the pair of left and right movable pressing pieces 7 and the pair of left and right fixed pressing pieces 7a. Two points on both sides of the outer periphery are in contact with the inside of the pair of left and right movable pressing pieces 7 and the outside of the pair of left and right fixed pressing pieces 7a.

Here, in a normal state, that is, when the emergency stop device 3 is not in operation, the pair of left and right different diameter cams 12 stand upright with the tops facing upward, and the short diameter portion of the different diameter is the pair of left and right fixed pressing pieces 7 and left and right. The pair of left and right brake wedge pieces 8 are in contact with the pair of movable pressing pieces 7a, and are held by being shifted downward by a predetermined amount with respect to the frame body 4, that is, the pair of left and right movable pressing pieces 7a. At this time, a gap of a predetermined interval is formed between the braking surface 8a of the pair of left and right braking wedge pieces 8 and the guide rail surface 2a.
During the emergency stop operation of the emergency stop device 3, the pair of left and right different diameter cams 12 are applied with a rotational force, and the respective top portions are inclined toward the guide rail surface 2a. As a result, the long diameter portions of the pair of left and right different diameter cams 12 come into contact with the pair of left and right fixed pressing pieces 7 and the pair of left and right movable pressing pieces 7a, and the pair of left and right movable pressing pieces 7a are displaced toward the guide rail 2 more than usual. Then, the braking surfaces 8a of the pair of left and right braking wedge pieces 8 are pressed against the guide rail surface 2a. The pair of left and right braking wedge pieces 8 are raised by friction with the guide rail 2 and are press-fitted between the pressing surface 7b of the pair of left and right movable pressing pieces 7a and the guide rail surface 2a to brake the lowering of the elevator car 1. It is. A configuration for applying a rotational force to the pair of left and right different diameter cams 12 during the emergency stop operation will be described later.

Reference numeral 13 denotes a first biasing body which is provided above and below the pair of left and right cams 12 and is composed of a coil spring that connects and pulls the pair of left and right fixed pressing pieces 7 and the pair of left and right movable pressing pieces 7a. The fixed pressing piece 7 and the pair of left and right movable pressing pieces 7a are always subjected to a load that contacts the pair of left and right different diameter cams 12. Further, the first urging body 13 applies a force to the pair of left and right different-diameter cams 12 in the direction opposite to that during the emergency stop operation, thereby reducing the malfunction of the emergency stop device 3 due to the intentional shaking of the passenger. At the same time, when the emergency stop is restored, the pair of left and right cams 12 are returned to their normal positions.
Reference numeral 14 denotes a second urging body made of a compression spring provided between the rear ends of the pair of left and right pressing bodies 5 (ends on the side opposite to the fixed pressing piece 7), and separates the pair of left and right fixed pressing pieces 7 facing each other. Energize in the direction. Reference numeral 15 denotes a holder made of a bolt that is screwed into the frame body 4 and arranged outside the rear end of the pair of left and right pressing bodies 5. The pair of left and right pressing bodies 5 urged by the second urging body 14 is rotated. Displacement is always blocked at a predetermined position. As a result, during normal times, that is, when the pair of left and right cams 12 are standing upright, the pressing surfaces 7b of the pair of left and right movable pressing pieces 7a are held at predetermined positions apart from the guide rail surface 2a. 2a and the braking surface 8a of the pair of left and right braking wedge pieces 8 are held at a predetermined interval. Further, the second urging body 14 resists the force that spreads between the front ends of the pair of left and right fixed pressing pieces 7 and the pair of left and right pressing bodies 5 that are generated by raising the brake wedge piece 8 during the emergency stop operation.

Next, the rotation mechanism of the pair of left and right cams 12 having different diameters during the emergency stop operation will be described.
Reference numeral 16 denotes a pair of left and right pulling levers provided at the ends of the pair of left and right connecting shafts 11, and tip portions extending in the outer peripheral direction of the connecting shaft 11. When standing upright, the pair of left and right fixed pressing pieces 7 face obliquely downward and are pulled up to tilt the pair of left and right different diameter cams 12. Reference numeral 17 denotes a pair of left and right lifting rods extending vertically in the vertical direction and having a lower end provided at the tip of the pair of left and right lifting levers 16. A detailed description of the upper end is omitted, but when the elevator car 1 drops at an abnormal speed. A configuration is provided that is pulled upward through the governor operation. As a result, during the emergency stop operation, the upward displacement of the pair of left and right pulling rods 17 is converted into the rotation of the pair of left and right pulling levers 16, the pair of left and right connecting shafts 11, and the pair of left and right different diameter cams 12.
Reference numeral 18 denotes a pair of left and right stoppers projecting from the upper part of the front surface of the pair of left and right movable pressing pieces 7, and the pair of left and right different diameter cams 12 can be rotated by contacting the upper surfaces of the pair of left and right lifting levers 16 during an emergency stop operation. Stop. In the emergency stop operation, the pair of left and right stoppers 18 are rotated by the pair of left and right cams 12 rotated by the pair of left and right pulling rods 17, and the braking surfaces 8a of the pair of left and right braking wedge pieces 8 abut against the guide rail surface 2a. Further, the pair of left and right pulling levers 16 are prevented from being lifted when the pair of left and right pulling rods 17 are slightly lifted. At this time, the pair of left and right different-diameter cams 12 are always subjected to a force by the compression spring 14 in the direction of compression through the pair of left and right fixed pressing pieces 7 and the pair of left and right movable pressing bodies 7a. The force in the compressing direction acts in the horizontal direction, and the contact points between the pair of left and right fixed pressing pieces 7 and the pair of left and right movable pressing pieces 7a of the pair of left and right different-diameter cams 12 respectively correspond to horizontal lines passing through the center of the rotation axis. When in a position facing each other, a rotational force acts on the pair of left and right different-diameter cams 11, so that both contact points are on the upper side or the lower side with respect to a horizontal line passing through the center of the rotation axis.
Moreover, this emergency stop device 3 is arranged on both sides of the elevator car 1 corresponding to the guide rails 2 arranged on both sides of the elevator car 1. A pair of left and right connecting shafts 11 pivotally attached to a pair of left and right different diameter cams 12 of one emergency stop device 3 are also pivoted to a pair of left and right different diameter cams 11 of the other emergency stop device. Since the other pair of left and right different diameter cams 12 are also rotated in conjunction with the rotation of the other, the other emergency stop device 3 performs the same operation.

An operation example of the elevator safety device 3 configured as described above will be described with reference to FIGS.
During normal operation such as during elevator operation, as shown in FIG. 3, the pair of left and right cams 12 stand upright, and the pair of left and right brake wedge pieces 8 are held below the frame body 4, that is, the pair of left and right movable pressing pieces 7a. Thus, the braking surfaces 8a of the pair of left and right braking wedge pieces 8 are arranged in a non-contact state with the guide rail surface 2a.
During the emergency stop operation of the emergency stop device, as shown in FIG. The pair of left and right movable pressing pieces 7a and the braking wedge piece 8 are horizontally moved to the guide rail 2 side via the diameter cam 12, and the braking surface 8a is pressed against the guide rail surface 2a.
Next, when the elevator car 1 is further lowered, the pair of left and right movable pressing pieces 7a, the pair of left and right different diameter cams 12, and the pair of left and right fixed pressing pieces 7 are second biased by the inclination of the pair of left and right braking wedge pieces 8. The front end portions of the pair of left and right pressing bodies 5 biased by the body 14 are respectively displaced outward. Therefore, the braking surface 8a of the pair of left and right braking wedge pieces 8 is pressed against the guide rail surface 2a by the pressing force based on the second urging body 14 of the pair of left and right pressing bodies 5, and the braking surface of the pair of left and right braking wedge pieces 8 is pressed. The lowering of the elevator car 1 is braked by the friction between 8a and the guide rail surface 2a.
Next, when the elevator car 1 is further lowered, the upper ends of the pair of left and right braking wedge pieces 8 come into contact with the upper plate of the frame body 4, and the upward displacement of the braking wedge pieces 8 stops and the maximum braking force of the emergency stop device 3 is generated. .

  According to the emergency stop device 3 configured as described above, a pair of left and right brake wedges are rotated by rotating the pair of left and right cams 12 through the governor operation in the event of an emergency speed drop of the elevator car 1. The piece 8 can be displaced to the guide rail 2 side. As a result, the pair of left and right brake wedge pieces can be moved shorter than the conventional pair of left and right brake wedge pieces and displaced toward the guide rail surface 2a while moving upward along the slope of the pressing surface. 8 can be brought into contact with the guide rail surface 2a in a short time.

  Similarly, according to the emergency stop device 3, the idle running time of the pair of left and right braking wedge pieces 8 is shortened, and the braking start is accelerated. As a result, the descent speed at the start of braking is suppressed, so the impact is reduced and the influence on the human body in the elevator car 1 is on the safe side. Moreover, the descent distance margin of the raising / lowering body 1 for the braking operation | movement of the emergency stop apparatus 3 can be shortened, and also the operation reliability of the emergency stop apparatus 3 can be improved.

  Similarly, according to the emergency stop device 3, the upward dimension required until the pair of left and right braking wedge pieces 8 are brought into contact with the guide rail 2 from the normal position becomes unnecessary. Downsizing in the vertical direction can be achieved. As a result, space can be reduced, and effects such as improvement in layout performance and reduction in construction costs associated with shortening of pits can be obtained.

FIG. 6 is a view corresponding to FIG. 2 in Embodiment 2 of the present invention. In the figure, the same reference numerals are given to the same components as those in the first embodiment, and the description thereof will be omitted.
In the first embodiment, a first urging body 13 made of a coil spring connecting a pair of left and right fixed pressing pieces 7 and a pair of left and right movable pressing pieces 7a is arranged above and below the pair of left and right cams 12 having different diameters. In the second embodiment, the mounting portion of the first biasing body 13 is used inside the first biasing body 13 and is implanted in the pair of left and right fixed pressing pieces 7 and the pair of left and right movable pressing pieces 7a. The guide shaft 13a is disposed. As a result, the same effects as those of the first embodiment are obtained, and the pair of left and right movable pressing pieces 7a are guided so as to move in the left and right directions without changing their postures. It is possible to prevent the contact point of the radial cam 12 and the midpoint of the coil spring 13 from being shifted and the pair of left and right movable pressing pieces 7 a to operate with an unstable inclination with respect to the pair of left and right fixed pressing pieces 7.

FIG. 7 is a view corresponding to FIG. 1 in Embodiment 3 of the present invention, and FIG. 8 is a view corresponding to FIG.
In the figure, 5a is an urging body composed of a U-shaped plate-like spring in which the configurations of the pair of left and right pressing bodies 5 and the second urging body 14 in the first embodiment are integrated. It resists the outward force applied to the inside of the tip of the spring 5a. The pair of left and right movable pressing pieces 7a slides in the left-right direction with the upper and lower ends sandwiched between the upper and lower plates of the frame 4. As a result, the same effects as those of the first embodiment can be obtained, and the number of parts and the depth dimension of the emergency stop device 3 can be reduced.
Needless to say, the present invention can also be implemented by providing a pair of left and right pulling levers 16 and a pair of left and right stoppers 18 on the pair of left and right movable pressing pieces 7a as shown in the drawing.

FIG. 9 is a diagram corresponding to FIG. 1 in the fourth embodiment of the invention, and FIG. 10 is a diagram corresponding to FIG. 2 in the fourth embodiment.
In the emergency stop device 3 according to the fourth embodiment, the pair of left and right cams 12, the pair of left and right movable pressing pieces 7a, and the pair of left and right brake wedge pieces 8 according to the first embodiment are arranged on one side of the guide rail surface 2a. Is disposed only. The pair of left and right pressing bodies 5, the pair of left and right fixed pressing pieces 7, and the second urging body 14 are omitted, and the different diameter cam 12 is disposed between the movable pressing body 7a and the side wall of the frame body 4. 8b is a fixed braking body facing the anti-brake wedge piece 8 side of the guide rail surface 2a, and 14a is a disc spring provided between the fixed braking body 8b and the side plate of the frame 4, and this fixed braking is performed during an emergency stop operation. Resists the compressive force applied by the body 8b. During the emergency stop operation, the emergency stop device 3 is brought into contact with the braking surface 8a of the braking wedge piece 8 and the guide rail surface 2a. When the braking wedge piece 8 is lifted, the entire frame body 4 is displaced to the different diameter cam 12 side. The elevator car 1 is braked with the guide rail 2 sandwiched between the braking surface 8b of the piece 8 and the fixed braking body 8.
According to the emergency stop device 3 configured as described above, the same effects as those of the first to third embodiments can be obtained and the number of parts can be further reduced.

  As described above, the emergency stop device for an elevator according to the present invention is provided in a moving body guided by a guide rail, and has a pressing surface inclined with respect to the guide rail, the pressing surface and the It can be used for emergency stop means having a wedge that is press-fitted between the guide rail and brakes the moving body.

Claims (5)

A lifting body;
A guide rail installed on a hoistway to guide the raising and lowering of the elevating body;
A pressing piece provided on the elevating body and formed with a pressing surface facing the guide rail and having an upper side inclined toward the guide rail;
In the emergency stop device provided with a braking wedge piece that is in sliding contact with the pressing surface of the pressing piece and is press-fitted between the guide rail and the pressing surface of the pressing piece during an emergency stopping operation to brake the lowering of the lifting body,
The pressing piece is
A movable pressing piece provided with a pressing surface so that it can be displaced in the left-right direction;
The movable pressing piece is disposed between the movable pressing piece and the fixed portion of the movable pressing piece on the side opposite to the guide rail, and normally holds the movable pressing piece so that the brake wedge piece and the guide rail are separated from each other. An elevator emergency stop device comprising: a cam that rotates at times to horizontally move the movable pressing piece toward the guide rail and press the braking wedge piece against the guide rail.   The pressing piece has a fixed pressing piece provided on the fixed portion of the movable pressing piece on the side opposite to the guide rail, and the cam is provided on a connecting shaft pivoted on a bearing bracket provided on the fixed pressing piece. The elevator emergency stop device according to claim 1, wherein the elevator emergency stop device is disposed between the pressing piece and the fixed pressing piece.   2. An urging body for pulling the movable pressing piece and the anti-guide rail side fixed portion of the movable pressing piece to apply a force in the opposite direction to that of the emergency stop operation to the cam is provided. Or the emergency stop apparatus of the elevator of Claim 2.   The cam is rotated during an emergency stop operation, the braking surface is in contact with the guide rail, and a stopper is provided to prevent the cam from rotating when the cam is rotated by a small amount. The elevator emergency stop device according to claim 3.   The elevator emergency stop device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the upward displacement of the pulling rod that is pulled up by the operation of the governor during the emergency stop operation is converted into a rotational force of the cam.

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