JP4888443B2 - Method and apparatus for removing deposits - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To dispose of incineration ash without requiring cost so much and to restrain a generation quantity of waste after removal. <P>SOLUTION: A dry ice grain is blown upon a cleaning object surface from an injection nozzle, and the dry ice grain injected from the injection nozzle collides with a sticking object sticking to a surface of the cleaning object surface, and is gradually collapsed from a tip part while pushing away the sticking object of the cleaning object surface by force in its collision. The tip part teras off the sticking object from the cleaning object surface by entering between the cleaning object surface and the sticking object by expanding in the radial direction. The dry ice grain suddenly changes to gas from a solid by its sublimation action, and tears off the sticking object around a collision part from the cleaning object surface by blowing away even the sticking object by the cubical expansion caused by vaporization, and the dry ice grain is finally completely vanished. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&amp;INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to incineration ash adhering to the incinerator of a garbage incineration facility, flue, dust collector, inner wall of a chimney, soot, dust, storage fouling, filth, The present invention relates to a deposit removal method and a removal apparatus for removing deposits such as contaminants, soil, and coating materials.

  In recent years, dioxins, which have been regarded as a problem as an environmental pollutant, may be contained not only in the gas emitted from incineration facilities, which are the main sources, but also in incineration ash adhering to the facilities . For this reason, when dismantling incineration facilities such as a cleaning factory, incineration ash is obliged to be removed in advance in order to prevent the incineration ash from being scattered around by the dismantling. In addition, walls, tunnel walls of railways, silos, dust pits, aeration tanks, and other structural walls, underground buried objects, and foundations of structures, such as soot, dust, storage soot, dirt, and pollutants It is necessary to remove deposits that cannot be removed with water, detergent, chemicals, etc.

  Methods for removing the incineration ash and deposits include a high pressure water cleaning method, a sand blasting method, and a shot blasting method. The high-pressure water cleaning method is a method in which water is injected at a high pressure toward a surface to be cleaned on which deposits such as incineration ash are deposited, and the deposits are removed with the momentum of the water. The shot blasting method or sand blasting method is a method of removing deposits by spraying sand or iron particles as an abrasive toward the surface to be cleaned.

  However, these methods have the following problems. That is, when removing deposits such as incineration ash, a large amount of water, iron particles, and sand are used. After removing the deposits, these large amounts of water, iron particles, and sand are collected together with the deposits and discarded. This has led to a very significant cost increase. In particular, when the deposit is incinerated ash, it usually has to be disposed of in accordance with the law (Waste Management Law) because it contains dioxins. It was. For this reason, it has to be disposed of by solidifying it with cement, etc., and a very large amount of waste is generated, and there are concerns about adverse effects on the environment, and very expensive processing equipment is required. This was a factor incurring cost increase.

  The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances. The purpose of the present invention is to dispose of the removed deposits such as incineration ash without much cost, and to remove the waste after the removal. It is an object of the present invention to provide a deposit removing method and a removing apparatus that can suppress the generation amount.

In order to achieve such an object, the deposit removal method according to the present invention is a deposit removal method for removing deposits that have collected on the surface of a structure and must be collected and disposed of. The dry ice particles are sprayed from the spray nozzle to the surface of the structure at a pressure of 49 × 10 ^{4 to} 98 × 10 ⁴ Pa according to the adhesion state of the deposit, and sprayed from the spray nozzle. The dry ice particles collide with the adhering matter adhering to the surface of the structure, and gradually collapse from the tip while pushing away the adhering matter on the surface of the structure due to the momentum of the collision, What I it to expand radially enters between the deposit and the structure surface with peeling off the deposits from the structure surface, said dry ice particles are rapidly solid that sublimation action Luo to a change gas, peeled off from the collision portion and the deposit said structure surface be blown off around the volume expansion due to vaporization, finally, the dry ice grain is completely disappeared, it was removed The deposit is collected on the floor and then collected .

In addition, the deposit removing device according to the present invention is a deposit removing device that collects deposits that have adhered to the surface of a structure and must be collected and disposed of, and provides dry ice grains. A particle supply device, a compressor that generates compressed air, and dry ice particles supplied from the dry ice particle supply device are injected toward the surface of the structure on which deposits are attached by the compressed air generated by the compressor. A spray nozzle that sprays dry ice particles on the surface of the structure at a pressure of 49 × 10 ^{4 to} 98 × 10 ⁴ Pa from the spray nozzle according to the state of attachment of the deposit. said dry ice particle collides with the deposits adhered to the structure surface, the distal end portion while pushing away the deposits of the structure surface by momentum during the collision Et al gradually collapsed, the tip, it's from entering between the deposits and the structure surface to expand in the radial direction, along with the peeled off the deposits from the structure surface, the dry ice The grains suddenly change from solid to gas due to the sublimation action, and the deposits around the collision part are blown off and peeled off from the surface of the structure by the volume expansion accompanying the vaporization. The grains disappear completely, and the removed deposits are collected on the floor surface and then collected .

  In these removal methods and removal devices, instead of conventional water, sand, and iron particles, by using dry ice particles that vaporize by sublimation at room temperature as an abrasive, after removing the incineration ash, As in the past, it is possible to suppress the generation of a large amount of cleaning material such as water, sand, and iron particles. For this reason, after removing deposits such as incineration ash, only deposits such as incineration ash remain, and dry ice grains do not remain. Therefore, only deposits such as incineration ash need to be disposed of. Compared to the conventional case, the amount of waste that needs to be disposed of can be reduced, and a significant reduction can be achieved.

  According to the method and apparatus for removing deposits according to the present invention, dry ice particles used as an abrasive material are vaporized and disappear by sublimation after removing deposits adhering to the surface to be cleaned. Therefore, the amount of waste generated can be greatly reduced as compared with the conventional method of using water, sand, iron particles or the like as an abrasive. This reduces the time and effort required to dispose of the waste compared to the past, and can greatly reduce waste recovery costs, treatment costs, equipment costs, etc. Can be dismantled.

  DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS Embodiments of a method and apparatus for removing deposits such as incineration ash according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. 1 and 2 show an embodiment of a deposit removing method and a removing apparatus according to the present invention, FIG. 1 shows a schematic configuration of the removing apparatus, and FIG. The mechanism for removing the deposits by the removal method and the removal apparatus will be described.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the apparatus for removing deposits according to the present embodiment includes a liquefied carbon dioxide tank 10 that stores liquefied carbon dioxide, and a dry ice production device (pelletizer) 14 that produces dry ice grains 12 from the liquefied carbon dioxide. And the hopper 16 for accumulating the produced dry ice grains 12, the compressor 18 for generating compressed air, and the compressed air pressure of the compressor 18 directs the dry ice grains 12 stored in the hopper 14 toward the surface to be cleaned 20. An injection nozzle 22 that sequentially injects, a covering horn 24 that is disposed around the injection nozzle 22 and covers the periphery of the spray position of the surface to be cleaned 20, a suction hose 26 having one end connected to the inside of the horn 24, and a suction A fan casing 28 connected to the other end of the hose 26, and a dust absorption filter 30 in the fan casing 28 and in the previous stage. And it includes the placed and suction fan 32.

The air pressure of the compressor 18 for injecting the dry ice particles 12 is 49 to 98 × 10 ⁴ Pa. By this air pressure, the dry ice particles 12 are sequentially taken out from the hopper, and the air flows through the dry ice supply hose 22a. It is transported to the tip, and is sprayed from the nozzle 22 onto the surface to be cleaned 20 at a pressure of 49 × 10 ^{4 to} 98 × 10 ⁴ Pa depending on the state of adhesion, generating collision energy and adhering to the surface to be cleaned 20. The kimono 20a is pulverized and removed. At the same time, it disappears instantly due to its sublimation effect.

  The covering horn 24 has a shape and volume set in anticipation of the rebound of the deposit 20 a scattered from the surface to be cleaned 20 due to collision energy, and a slight gap between the surface and the surface to be cleaned 20. Is provided.

  The suction force of the suction fan 32 is set so that at least the inside of the horn 24 has a negative pressure rather than the atmospheric pressure at the periphery, and the dust on the deposit 20a generated inside by the drive of the fan 32 is sucked into the suction hose 26. Through the air, the adhering matter 20 a is captured by the dust filter 30.

  The removal operation using the above apparatus may be performed while manually supporting the injection nozzle 22, but is often performed in a place where the work environment is bad, or the work target structure is tunnel, silo, dust pit, Automation is desirable because it is a large straight wall with a specified shape, such as an aeration tank, or a circumferential wall surface.

  FIG. 2 shows the automated cleaning device. A robot arm 42 is installed on the automatic traveling carriage 40 together with the above-described devices (not shown), and the jet nozzle 22 and the horn 24 are attached to the tip of the arm 42. Mounting and monitoring the removal state of the cleaning surface 20 by the monitoring camera 44 at a remote position, and moving the traveling carriage 40 in the direction perpendicular to the paper surface by remote control, and moving the arm 42 up and down, approaching and moving away, and removing work It can be performed. The dry ice supply hose 22a and the suction hose 26 connected to the spray nozzle 22 and the connection cable 44a of the monitoring camera 44 are provided with sufficient slack according to the raising / lowering of the arm 42 and the approaching / separating amount.

  The dry ice particles 12 supplied to the spray nozzle 22 are sprayed from the spray nozzle 22 toward the surface to be cleaned 6 to which the deposit 20a such as incineration ash is adhered as a polishing material at a high speed. The sprayed dry ice particles 12 collide with the surface to be cleaned 20, and peel off and remove the deposit 20a from the surface to be cleaned 20 by the impact at the time of the collision.

  FIG. 3 shows how the dry ice particles 12 ejected from the ejection nozzle 22 collide with the surface to be cleaned 20 to remove the deposits 20a. First, as shown in FIG. 3A, the dry ice particles 12 sprayed from the spray nozzle 22 collide with the deposit 20a adhering to the surface of the surface 20 to be cleaned, for example, in the form of a film layer, and FIG. As shown in FIG. 3, the tip 20 is gradually crushed while pushing away the deposit 20a on the surface to be cleaned 20 by the momentum at the time of the collision. As shown in FIG. 3C, the tip portion expands in the radial direction and enters between the surface to be cleaned 20 and the deposit 20a. As a result, the deposit 20a is peeled off from the surface to be cleaned 20 as shown in FIG. Further, the dry ice particles 12 are suddenly changed from solid to gas by the sublimation action. At this time, the deposit 20a around the collision portion is also blown off by the volume expansion accompanying the vaporization and peeled off from the surface to be cleaned 20. Eventually, the dry ice grains 12 disappear completely as shown in FIG.

  As described above, in such a deposit removal method and removal apparatus, the deposit 20a is ejected from the surface 20 to be cleaned by spraying the dry ice particles 12 as an abrasive toward the surface 20 to which the deposit 20a is adhered. While being able to remove efficiently, the used dry ice grain 12 will lose | disappear completely by the sublimation effect after the removal of the deposit | attachment 20a. Therefore, unlike the case of using conventional water, sand, and iron particles, the abrasive does not remain after the removal of the deposit, and only the deposit remains. Therefore, it is only necessary to dispose of the attached matter, and the amount of waste can be greatly reduced as compared with the conventional case. In addition, the work of collecting deposits is facilitated by the reduced amount, and the labor of the work is greatly reduced.

  In the present embodiment, the apparatus for removing deposits includes the liquefied carbon dioxide tank 10 and the dry ice production apparatus 14. However, in the present invention, it is not always necessary to include these, for example, a factory Alternatively, the dry ice grains 12 may be manufactured in another place such as and transported to the site for use. That is, the dry ice grain supply apparatus 14 according to the present invention may be an apparatus such as the hopper 16 that accumulates the dry ice grains 12 described in the above embodiment.

  Further, the removed deposit 20 may be collected on a floor surface or the like, and then collected by vacuum suction or the like and sent to a temporary processing site. In this case, in a temporary treatment site, the cement is solidified and finally processed, and then transported to a managed waste disposal site where it is finally disposed.

  Furthermore, the dry ice grains 12 according to the present invention are not necessarily formed into a cylindrical shape, and may be formed into any shape as long as it is in a pellet shape.

  Furthermore, the object and method for removing the deposits according to the present invention are applicable to incinerators of garbage incineration facilities, flue, dust collectors, inner walls of chimneys, roads, railway tunnel walls, and silo interiors. In addition to the surface of structures such as the interior of garbage pits and aeration tanks, underground structures, and foundations of structures, there are surfaces of outer walls of buildings and drums, etc. Incineration ash, soot, dust, storage waste, filth, contamination Any place where a substance, soil, label, seal, coating material or the like is attached can be suitably used.

It is the block diagram which showed one Embodiment of the removal method and removal apparatus of the deposit | attachment which concerns on this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the example of automation of the removal method. It is explanatory drawing explaining the process in which dry ice grain removes incineration ash in the incineration ash removal method and removal apparatus which concern on this invention.

Explanation of symbols

12 Dry ice grains 20 Surface to be cleaned 20a Deposits 22 Spray nozzle 24 Horn (coating means)
32 Suction means (suction fan)

Claims (5)

A deposit removal method for removing deposits adhering to the surface of a structure that must be recovered and disposed of,
Dry ice particles are sprayed onto the surface of the structure at a pressure of 49 × 10 ^{4 to} 98 × 10 ⁴ Pa from a spray nozzle according to the state of attachment of the attached matter ,
Wherein said dry ice particles injected from the injection nozzle impinges on the deposit adhering to the structure surface, gradually collapse from the tip while pushing away the deposits of the structure surface by momentum during the collision Continue
The tip portion expands in the radial direction and enters between the structure surface and the deposit, thereby peeling the deposit from the structure surface ,
The dry ice particles suddenly change from solid to gas due to the sublimation action, and blow off the deposit around the collision part by volume expansion accompanying vaporization, and peel off from the surface of the structure .
Eventually, the dry ice grains disappear completely and the removed deposits must be collected and disposed of, characterized by being collected after being collected on the floor. How to remove deposits.   The said deposit | attachment is incineration ash, The removal method of the deposit | attachment of Claim 1 characterized by the above-mentioned. A device for removing deposits that adhere to the surface of a structure and must be collected and disposed of, a dry ice particle supply device that supplies dry ice particles, a compressor that generates compressed air, An injection nozzle that injects dry ice particles supplied from the dry ice particle supply device toward the surface of the structure to which deposits are attached by compressed air generated by the compressor;
Dry ice particles are sprayed onto the surface of the structure at a pressure of 49 × 10 ^{4 to} 98 × 10 ⁴ Pa from a spray nozzle according to the state of attachment of the attached matter ,
The dry ice particles sprayed from the nozzle collide with the adhering matter adhering to the surface of the structure, and are gradually crushed from the tip while pushing away the adhering matter on the surface of the structure due to the momentum during the collision. breath,
The tip portion expands in the radial direction and enters between the structure surface and the deposit, thereby peeling the deposit from the structure surface ,
The dry ice particles suddenly change from solid to gas due to the sublimation action, and blow off the deposit around the collision part by volume expansion accompanying vaporization, and peel off from the surface of the structure .
Finally, the dry ice particles disappear completely, and the removed deposits are collected on the floor and then collected, and are collected and discarded. Equipment for removing deposits that must be disposed of.   The said deposit | attachment is incineration ash, The removal device of the deposit | attachment of Claim 3 characterized by the above-mentioned. The removal apparatus according to claim 3, further comprising: a covering unit that covers a periphery of an injection position on the surface of the structure; and a unit that communicates with the inside of the covering unit and sucks the inside of the covering unit. .

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