JP4885237B2 - 光起電活性半導体材料 - Google Patents
光起電活性半導体材料 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims description 109
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 title claims description 93
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 43
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 41
- 229910052714 tellurium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 38
- SKJCKYVIQGBWTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N (4-hydroxyphenyl) methanesulfonate Chemical compound CS(=O)(=O)OC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 SKJCKYVIQGBWTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 36
- PORWMNRCUJJQNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tellurium atom Chemical compound [Te] PORWMNRCUJJQNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 229910007709 ZnTe Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- XSOKHXFFCGXDJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N telluride(2-) Chemical compound [Te-2] XSOKHXFFCGXDJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910017231 MnTe Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910017680 MgTe Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000005477 sputtering target Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910002531 CuTe Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000005350 fused silica glass Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005546 reactive sputtering Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphine Chemical compound P XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000611 Zinc aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004070 electrodeposition Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium;oxotin Chemical compound [In].[Sn]=O AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005240 physical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010944 silver (metal) Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007717 exclusion Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000608 laser ablation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen(.) Chemical compound [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000073 phosphorus hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 7
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 6
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002800 charge carrier Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N octane Chemical compound CCCCCCCC TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 4
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005468 ion implantation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- -1 tellurium anions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910004613 CdTe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004566 IR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ZrO2 Inorganic materials O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002679 ablation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910021419 crystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005215 recombination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006798 recombination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CXXKWLMXEDWEJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N tellanylidenecobalt Chemical compound [Te]=[Co] CXXKWLMXEDWEJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C30—CRYSTAL GROWTH
- C30B—SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH; UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIAL OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIAL; REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIAL; PRODUCTION OF A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; SINGLE CRYSTALS OR HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS OR A HOMOGENEOUS POLYCRYSTALLINE MATERIAL WITH DEFINED STRUCTURE; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C30B29/00—Single crystals or homogeneous polycrystalline material with defined structure characterised by the material or by their shape
- C30B29/10—Inorganic compounds or compositions
- C30B29/46—Sulfur-, selenium- or tellurium-containing compounds
- C30B29/48—AIIBVI compounds wherein A is Zn, Cd or Hg, and B is S, Se or Te
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/0248—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies
- H01L31/0256—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies characterised by the material
- H01L31/0264—Inorganic materials
- H01L31/0296—Inorganic materials including, apart from doping material or other impurities, only AIIBVI compounds, e.g. CdS, ZnS, HgCdTe
- H01L31/02966—Inorganic materials including, apart from doping material or other impurities, only AIIBVI compounds, e.g. CdS, ZnS, HgCdTe including ternary compounds, e.g. HgCdTe
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/0248—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies
- H01L31/0256—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies characterised by the material
- H01L31/0264—Inorganic materials
- H01L31/0296—Inorganic materials including, apart from doping material or other impurities, only AIIBVI compounds, e.g. CdS, ZnS, HgCdTe
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/18—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof
- H01L31/1828—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof the active layers comprising only AIIBVI compounds, e.g. CdS, ZnS, CdTe
- H01L31/1832—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof the active layers comprising only AIIBVI compounds, e.g. CdS, ZnS, CdTe comprising ternary compounds, e.g. Hg Cd Te
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Description
テルル化亜鉛格子におけるZnTeを、
・0.01〜10モル%のCoTe、
・0〜10モル%のCu2Te、Cu3Te又はCuTe及び
・0〜30モル%の少なくも1種の、MgTe及びMnTeからなる群から選択される化合物で置換することを特徴とする半導体材料に関する。
・0.01〜10モル%、好ましくは0.1〜10モル%、更に好ましくは0.3〜5モル%、特に好ましくは0.5〜3モル%のCoTe、
・0〜10モル%のCu2Te、Cu3Te又はCuTe及び
・0〜30モル%の少なくも1種の、MgTe及びMnTeからなる群から選択される化合物で置換し、且つTeを、
・0.1〜30モル%、好ましくは0.5〜10モル%の酸素で置換し、且つ
更に、光電池は、テルルと共に金属テルル化物を形成する、リアコンタクト材料によるリアコンタクトを含む。リアコンタクトの機能は、上述した通りである。
・0.01〜10モル%、好ましくは0.1〜10モル%、更に好ましくは0.3〜5モル%、最も好ましくは0.5〜3モル%ののCoTe、
・0〜10モル%のCu2Te、Cu3Te又はCuTe及び
・0〜30モル%の少なくも1種の、MgTe及びMnTeからなる群から選択される化合物で置換したテルル化亜鉛半導体材料を含むスパッタリングターゲットを提供する。
・0.01〜10モル%、好ましくは0.1〜10モル%、更に好ましくは0.3〜5モル%、最も好ましくは0.5〜3モル%ののCoTe、
・0〜10モル%のCu2Te、Cu3Te又はCuTe及び
・0〜30モル%の少なくも1種の、MgTe及びMnTeからなる群から選択される化合物で置換したテルル化亜鉛の結晶格子を含む光起電活性半導体材料を含むスパッタリングターゲットを使用するスパッタリングによって製造される。
・0.01〜10モル%、好ましくは0.1〜10モル%、更に好ましくは0.3〜5モル%、最も好ましくは0.5〜3モル%ののCoTe、
・0〜10モル%のCu2Te、Cu3Te又はCuTe及び
・0〜30モル%の少なくも1種の、MgTe及びMnTeからなる群から選択される化合物で置換したテルル化亜鉛の結晶格子を含むスパッタリングターゲットは、以下の工程:
a)Zn、Te及びCo、適宜、Mg及びMnからなる群から選択される少なくとも1個の単体、そして適宜Cuを、真空溶融石英管において800〜1300℃、好ましくは1100〜1200℃の条件下で1〜100時間、好ましくは5〜50時間に亘って反応させて、材料を得て、
b)酸素及び水を実質的に排除しつつ冷却した後に材料を摩砕して、1〜30μm、好ましくは2〜20μmの粒径を有する粉末を得て、そして
c)粉末を、300〜1200℃、好ましくは400〜700℃の温度、5〜500MPa、好ましくは20〜200MPaの圧力の条件下、0.2〜10時間、好ましくは1〜3時間の加圧時間でホットプレスして、スパッタリングターゲットを得る、ことによって製造される。
ZnTeを0.01〜10モル%、好ましくは0.1〜10モル%、更に好ましくは0.3〜5モル%、最も好ましくは0.5〜3モル%のCoTeで置換したテルル化亜鉛の結晶格子を有する半導体材料におけるTeのOによる置換は、本発明によって種々の方法で提供され得る。
2 リアコンタクト
3 p−伝導性吸収層
4 n−伝導性層
5 負荷
6 中間層
7 光子
8 p−n−接合
9 正孔対
Claims (18)
- テルル化亜鉛の結晶格子を含む光起電活性半導体材料であって、
テルル化亜鉛の結晶格子におけるZnTeが、
0.01〜10モル%のCoTe、
0〜10モル%のCu2Te、Cu3Te又はCuTe及び
0〜30モル%の少なくも1種の、MgTe及びMnTeからなる群から選択される化合物で置換され、且つ
Teが、
0.1〜30モル%の酸素で置換されている、ことを特徴とする光起電活性半導体材料。 - テルル化亜鉛の結晶格子におけるTeが、0〜10モル%の少なくとも1種の、N及びPからなる群から選択される単体で置換されている請求項1に記載の光起電活性半導体材料。
- テルル化亜鉛の結晶格子を含む光起電活性半導体材料を含む光電池であって、
テルル化亜鉛の結晶格子におけるZnTeが、
0.01〜10モル%のCoTe、
0〜10モル%のCu2Te、Cu3Te又はCuTe及び
0〜30モル%の少なくも1種の、MgTe及びMnTeからなる群から選択される化合物で置換され、且つ
Teが、
0.1〜30モル%の酸素で置換され、
更に、テルルと共に金属テルル化物を形成する、リアコンタクト材料からなるリアコンタクトを含むことを特徴とする光電池。 - リアコンタクト材料は、少なくとも1種の、Cu、Ag、Zn、Cr、Mo、W、Co及びNiからなる群から選択される単体を含む請求項3に記載の光電池。
- テルル化亜鉛の結晶格子におけるTeが、0〜10モル%の少なくとも1種の、N及びPからなる群から選択される単体で置換されている請求項3に記載の光電池。
- 光起電活性半導体材料からなる少なくとも1層のp−伝導性吸収層を含み、且つ該吸収層が、リアコンタクト材料に配置されている請求項3に記載の光電池。
- 酸化インジウムスズ、フッ素−ドープ処理酸化スズ、アンチモン−ドープ処理酸化亜鉛、ガリウム−ドープ処理酸化亜鉛及びアルミニウム−ドープ処理酸化亜鉛からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種の半導体材料を含むn−伝導性透明層を含む請求項3に記載の光電池。
- 光起電活性半導体材料からなる少なくとも1層のp−伝導性吸収層と、少なくとも1層のn−伝導性層と、電気伝導性材料が被覆されたガラスのシート、可撓性の金属箔又は可撓性の金属シートである基板と、を含む請求項3に記載の光電池。
- テルルと共に金属テルル化物を形成する、材料からなる光起電活性半導体材料の層を、スパッタリング、電気化学析出及び無電解析出、物理蒸着法、化学蒸着法並びにレーザーアブレーション法からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種の析出法によって製造する請求項1又は2に記載の光起電活性半導体材料或いは請求項3〜8のいずれか1項に記載の光電池の製造方法。
- 光起電活性半導体材料による層の製造を、半導体材料の結晶格子におけるテルルを酸素で置換するために、酸素含有雰囲気下で行う請求項9に記載の方法。
- ZnTeが、
0.01〜10モル%のCoTe、
0〜10モル%のCu2Te、Cu3Te又はCuTe及び
0〜30モル%の少なくも1種の、MgTe及びMnTeからなる群から選択される化合物で置換されたテルル化亜鉛の結晶格子を含む光起電活性半導体材料を含むスパッタリングターゲットがスパッタリングに使用される請求項9に記載の方法。 - 酸素を、酸素含有雰囲気下でのスパッタリングによって光起電活性半導体材料の層に導入する請求項9に記載の方法。
- 窒素又はリンを、窒素−、アンモニア−又はホスフィン含有スパッタリング雰囲気下での反応性スパッタリングによって光起電活性半導体材料の層に導入する請求項9に記載の方法。
- 銅を、銅ターゲットと光起電活性半導体材料を含むターゲットとの共スパッタリングによって光起電活性半導体材料の層に導入する請求項9に記載の方法。
- 0.1〜20μmの厚さを有する半導体材料の層を製造する請求項9に記載の方法。
- ZnTeが、
0.01〜10モル%のCoTe、
0〜10モル%のCu2Te、Cu3Te又はCuTe及び
0〜30モル%の少なくも1種の、MgTe及びMnTeからなる群から選択される化合物で置換されたテルル化亜鉛の結晶格子を含むスパッタリングターゲットを、以下の工程:
a)Zn、Te及びCo、適宜Cuを、真空溶融石英管において800〜1300℃の条件下で1〜100時間に亘って反応させて材料を得、
b)酸素及び水を実質的に排除しつつ冷却した後に材料を摩砕して、1〜30μmの粒径を有する粉末を得、そして
c)粉末を、300〜1200℃の温度、5〜500MPaの圧力の条件下、0.2〜10時間の加圧時間でホットプレスして、スパッタリングターゲットを得る、ことによって製造する請求項9に記載の方法。 - テルル化亜鉛の結晶格子におけるZnTeを、0.01〜10モル%のCoTe、0〜10モル%のCu2Te、Cu3Te又はCuTe及び0〜30モル%の少なくも1種の、MgTe及びMnTeからなる群から選択される化合物で置換したテルル化亜鉛の結晶格子を含む半導体材料の層を製造する工程と、
層を、室温〜400℃の温度で0.01〜105Paの酸素分圧の条件下、0.1〜100分間に亘って保持して、半導体材料の結晶格子におけるテルルを0.1〜30モル%の酸素に置換する工程と、
を含む請求項9に記載の方法。 - 光起電活性半導体材料の層は、半導体材料の結晶格子におけるテルルの酸素による置換が、不活性雰囲気下、250〜350℃の温度で0.1〜10分間に亘って生じる反応条件に続いて、テルルと共に金属テルル化物を形成する半導体材料におけるテルルを拡散させる条件下で保持される請求項9に記載の方法。
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ES2302663B2 (es) * | 2008-02-28 | 2009-02-16 | Universidad Politecnica De Madrid | Procedimiento para la obtencion de peliculas de materiales semiconductores incorporando una banda intermedia. |
WO2013040452A2 (en) * | 2011-09-15 | 2013-03-21 | The Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford Junior University | Macro-structured high surface area transparent conductive oxide electrodes |
US9543457B2 (en) | 2012-09-28 | 2017-01-10 | First Solar, Inc. | Method and system for manufacturing back contacts of photovoltaic devices |
EP2976783A4 (en) | 2013-03-22 | 2016-11-30 | First Solar Inc | PHOTOVOLTAIC DEVICE COMPRISING A REAR CONTACT AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURE |
CN103489557B (zh) * | 2013-09-22 | 2016-06-15 | 清华大学 | 一种室温透明铁磁半导体材料及其制备方法 |
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US20190040523A1 (en) * | 2017-08-04 | 2019-02-07 | Vitro Flat Glass, LLC | Method of Decreasing Sheet Resistance in an Article Coated with a Transparent Conductive Oxide |
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