JP4878099B2 - Combustion accelerator for blending thermoplastic resin and garbage bag or shopping bag containing the same - Google Patents

Combustion accelerator for blending thermoplastic resin and garbage bag or shopping bag containing the same Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4878099B2
JP4878099B2 JP2001283035A JP2001283035A JP4878099B2 JP 4878099 B2 JP4878099 B2 JP 4878099B2 JP 2001283035 A JP2001283035 A JP 2001283035A JP 2001283035 A JP2001283035 A JP 2001283035A JP 4878099 B2 JP4878099 B2 JP 4878099B2
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thermoplastic resin
combustion
platinum group
group element
resin composition
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JP2002167516A (en
Inventor
邦夫 金岡
均 谷口
住典 田中
正直 折原
善弘 丹下
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Okura Kogyo KK
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Okura Kogyo KK
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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a thermoplastic resin composition which does not damage coloring and burns completely upon combustion and incineration to inhibit the evolution of injurious matters, and to provide moldings thereof. SOLUTION: The thermoplastic resin composition is prepared by blending a particulate combustion promoter, which is formed by allowing an inorganic carrier to carry 0.001-0.2 wt.% of a platinum group element, with a thermoplastic resin so that the concentration of the platinum group element may become 0.5-100 ppm.

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、燃焼、焼却時に完全燃焼させることができ、且つ有害物の発生が抑制された熱可塑性樹脂組成物に配合して用いる燃焼促進剤及びそれを配合した熱可塑性樹脂組成物を成形してなるごみ袋または買い物袋に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
熱可塑性樹脂は、その優れた成形加工性や機械的・物理的性質から、電気、機械、自動車用の部品や建築、建設材料、或いは各種容器包装分野等の各方面で多量に使用されている。しかしながら、それらの使用量が増大するに従って、使用後の処分が大きな社会問題となってきている。
【0003】
すなわち、廃棄物処理の大部分を占める焼却処分においては、従来の排ガス中の一酸化炭素や窒素酸化物、硫黄酸化物の問題や、燃え残り、残灰の問題に加えて、近年、ダイオキシン等の有害物質の発生が大きな社会問題となってきており、熱可塑性樹脂製品の廃棄物もそれらの要因の一つであると言われている。しかしながら、従来、排ガス中の一酸化炭素濃度を減少させるには高温、高酸素濃度下で、窒素酸化物を減少させるためには低温、低酸素濃度下で燃焼させることが有効であるとされているように、有害ガスや物質の発生を抑制するための条件が各々異なっているばかりか、場合によっては二律背反することからこれら全ての要求をクリヤーして焼却することは極めて困難であった。
【0004】
このような状況下で、最近、熱可塑性樹脂にゲーサイト等の特定の酸化鉄粒子を含有させたゴミ袋(特開平7−257594号公報)や買い物袋(特開平7−322910号公報)が提案されている。これは、特定の酸化鉄粒子の燃焼促進作用を利用したものであって、焼却処分時に低温、低酸素濃度下であっても熱可塑性樹脂を完全燃焼させることができるという効果を有している。
【0005】
しかしながら、酸化鉄粒子を含有させた熱可塑性樹脂組成物は、酸化鉄粒子が古くから顔料として使用されていることからも明らかなように酸化鉄特有の色に着色することは避けられず、このため、例えば、野菜や肉等の食料品、衣料品等の包装用途や、特定の色合いに着色する必要があるスーパー等の店名が入った買い物袋等の用途には受け入れられにくく、もっぱら着色しても問題がないごみ袋等の用途でしか使用することができなかった。
【0006】
一方、水素化反応、水素化分解、脱ハロゲン反応の触媒としてよく知られているパラジウム等の白金族系触媒は、天然ガスを触媒反応によって燃焼させて高効率に発電を行うガスタービンやボイラ等の燃焼触媒として利用したり、自動車等の排ガス浄化用触媒として利用することが報告されている。
これらは、パラジウム等の白金族元素が炭化水素や一酸化炭素の酸化反応に優れた触媒活性を有していることを利用したものであり、更なる触媒活性の向上や使用可能時間の延長を目的とした触媒組成の検討、或いは接触面積の増加や圧力損失の低減を目的とした触媒形状の改良等の検討が各方面でなされている。
【0007】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は、燃焼、焼却時に完全燃焼させることができ、且つ有害物の発生が抑制され、しかも特定の酸化鉄を含有させた場合のように不所望の着色することのない、すなわち良好な色彩を有する熱可塑性樹脂組成物及びその成形体を提供することを目的とする。
【0008】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者等は上記課題を解決するために鋭意検討した結果、熱可塑性樹脂中にパラジウム等の白金族元素を0.5〜100ppmと極めて少量含有させることで焼却炉における燃焼、焼却時に燃焼促進効果を発揮して完全燃焼して有害物の発生を抑制するに充分な効果を発揮することを見いだした。更に、パラジウム等の白金族元素の無機質担体への担持量を、従来、燃焼触媒や排ガス浄化用触媒として使用される際の実用的な担持量である0.5wt%よりも遙かに少ない0.2wt%以下とすることによって着色が抑えられて上記目的が達成できることを見いだし本発明に到った。
【0009】
すなわち、本発明は、次の熱可塑性樹脂に配合して用いられる剤であって、それを含有する熱可塑性樹脂組成物の成形体の廃棄物処理の焼却処分における燃焼を促進する剤及びそれを配合した熱可塑性樹脂組成物を成形してなるごみ袋または買い物袋をその要旨とするものである。
(1)無機質担体に白金族元素を0.001〜0.2wt%担持させた50μm以下の微粒子からなることを特徴とする、熱可塑性樹脂に配合して用いられる剤であって、それを含有する熱可塑性樹脂組成物の成形体の廃棄物処理の焼却処分における燃焼を促進する剤。
(2)白金族元素の濃度が0.5〜100ppmになるように熱可塑性樹脂に配合して用いられる(1)記載の剤。
(3)白金族元素がパラジウム及び/又は白金であることを特徴とする(1)又は(2)記載の剤。
(4)無機質担体が金属酸化物及び金属炭酸塩の中から選ばれる1種以上である(1)ないし(3)のいずれかに記載の剤。
(5)金属酸化物及び金属炭酸塩がアルミナ、酸化チタン、シリカ、ゼオライト、炭酸カルシウム及び酸化マグネシウムの中から選ばれる1種以上である(4)に記載の剤。
(6)無機質担体の平均粒子径が0.1〜20μmである(1)ないし(5)のいずれかに記載の剤。
(7)(1)ないし(6)のいずれかに記載の剤を、白金族元素の濃度が0.5〜100ppmになるように熱可塑性樹脂に配合した熱可塑性樹脂組成物を成形してなるごみ袋または買い物袋。
【0010】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下に、本発明の実施の形態を詳細に説明する。
まず、本発明の燃焼促進剤は、無機質担体に白金族元素を担持させたものである。ここで、白金族元素としては、パラジウム、白金、ルテニウム、ロジウム、オスミウム、イリジウムが挙げられるが、これらは単独又は2種以上を組み合わせて用いられる。容易に入手でき良好な触媒作用を示す点で、パラジウム又は白金が好ましく、特にパラジウムが好ましい。
【0011】
また、無機質担体としては、白金族元素を担持し得るものであればいかなるものでも使用できる。白金族元素担持触媒に通常用いられる金属酸化物及び金属炭酸塩が一般に用いられる。無機質担体の具体例としては、α−アルミナ、活性アルミナ等のアルミナや酸化チタン、シリカ、ゼオライト、炭酸カルシウム、酸化マグネシウム、ジルコニア、トリア、ボリア、シリカ−アルミナ、シリカ−ジルコニア、アルミナ−ジルコニア等が挙げられる。これらの中でも熱可塑性樹脂中に配合した場合に着色の恐れがなく、しかも容易に入手可能なアルミナ、酸化チタン、シリカ、ゼオライト、炭酸カルシウム及び酸化マグネシウムから選ばれる1種又は2種以上の組み合わせを使用するのが好ましい。また、後述するように本発明の燃焼促進剤が微粒子状である関係上、無機質担体も微粒子状、具体的には平均粒子径が50μm以下、好ましくは0.1〜20μm、特に好ましくは0.2〜10μmである。
【0012】
無機質担体に白金族元素を担持させる方法としては、白金族元素担持触媒の製造に従来から行われている通常の方法(含浸法、イオン交換法、濃縮法、沈殿法等)が採用できる。好ましい担持方法としては、白金族元素前駆体を含有する溶液を無機質担体に含浸させた後、50〜200℃で乾燥し、更に400〜800℃で焼成する方法等が適用できる。白金族元素前駆体としては、白金族元素担持触媒の製造に従来から用いられている化合物、例えば塩化物、塩素錯体、硝酸塩、アセチルアセトナト等が挙げられる。白金族元素前駆体の具体例として、塩化白金酸、塩化パラジウム、白金テトラミンクロリド、ジニトロジアミノ白金、硝酸パラジウム等が挙げられる。無機質担体としてアルミナを使用する際に、白金族元素を水酸化アルミニウムに担持させて焼成すると、焼成時に水を放出して発泡状態となって触媒活性が向上するので好ましい。
【0013】
白金族元素の担持量は、無機質担体に対して0.001〜0.2wt%、好ましくは0.005〜0.15wt%、特に好ましくは0.01〜0.08wt%である。白金族元素の担持量が0.001wt%未満では燃焼促進剤としての効果が期待できず、0.2wt%を越えるとコストアップの原因となるばかりか、得られる燃焼促進剤が着色して本発明の目的の一つが達成できなくなるので好ましくない。更に、本発明においては無機質担体にパラジウムの触媒作用を促進するための他の各種触媒成分や助触媒成分を併用して担持させることももちろん可能である。燃焼促進剤の粒径は無機質担体の粒径と通常同一であり、平均粒子径が50μm以下、好ましくは0.1〜20μm、特に好ましくは0.2〜10μmである。
【0014】
本発明の熱可塑性樹脂組成物は、上述した熱可塑性樹脂に微粒子状の燃焼促進剤を配合したものである。熱可塑性樹脂としては、特に制限は無くいかなるものでも使用できる。熱可塑性樹脂の例として、ポリエチレン、エチレン−α−オレフィン共重合体、エチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体、ポリプロピレン等のポリオレフィン系樹脂、ナイロン6、ナイロン66等のポリアミド樹脂、ポリスチレン、ポリエチレンテレフタレート、ポリブチレンテレフタレート、ポリ塩化ビニル等が挙げられる。これらの中でもポリエチレン、エチレン−α−オレフィン共重合体、エチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体、ポリプロピレン等のポリオレフィン系樹脂が塩素を含まず各分野で広く使用されており好ましいが、塩化ビニル樹脂の場合でも燃焼促進剤を含有させることにより燃焼によるダイオキシン類の発生を抑制できため、本発明に適用可能である。
【0015】
熱可塑性樹脂に微粒子状の燃焼促進剤を配合する方法としては、熱可塑性樹脂に無機物質を配合する通常の方法が、特に制限なく適用できる。好ましい配合方法の1例として、予め熱可塑性樹脂と燃焼促進剤とのマスターバッチを通常の方法で作成しておき、使用時にそれを熱可塑性樹脂に配合する方法が挙げられる。
【0016】
ここで、熱可塑性樹脂に対する燃焼促進剤の配合割合は、熱可塑性樹脂組成物中の白金族元素の濃度が0.5〜100ppmになるように配合する必要がある。白金族元素の濃度が0.5ppm未満では、燃焼促進剤としての効果が期待できず、逆に、100ppmを越えると高価で貴重なパラジウムを浪費することとなるばかりか、濃度に見合った効果も期待できない。熱可塑性樹脂組成物中の白金族元素の濃度は、好ましくは1〜50ppm、より好ましくは2〜20ppmである。
【0017】
本発明の熱可塑性樹脂組成物は、着色剤、紫外線吸収剤、帯電防止剤、フィラー等、熱可塑性樹脂成形体に従来慣用される種々の添加剤を含有することができる。このようにして得られる熱可塑性樹脂組成物は、押出成形法、射出成形法、或いは圧縮成形法等の公知の成形法で成形して容易に成形体とすることができる。成型体は、フィルム状、板状、棒状、ブロック状、中空状、球状等任意の形状とすることができる。本発明の熱可塑性樹脂組成物は、透明、半透明、不透明の成型体であることができ、着色剤を含まない場合、無色又は白色、乳白色、薄灰色等の単色である。着色剤を含む場合でも、その所望の色に対して燃焼促進剤が悪影響を与えることは無く、良好な色彩が得られる。又、本発明の熱可塑性樹脂組成物は、高い明度を有することもその特徴の1つである。
【0018】
本発明の熱可塑性樹脂組成物中には微粒子状の燃焼促進剤が分散しており、これを焼却炉中で燃焼、焼却した際には、焼却炉中の未燃の被焼却物や分解ガスと燃焼促進剤が充分接触できるため、完全燃焼を行わすことが可能となるとともに、有害ガスの発生を抑制することが可能となる。
【0019】
【実施例】
以下に、本発明を実施例に基づいて具体的に説明する。
なお、触媒活性は、試料(50mg)をパルス式固定床反応装置に充填し、ヘリウムガス(流量:40ml/min.)を流しながら、メタン1.0%、酸素2.4%残部ヘリウムからなる混合ガス1mlをパルス流として反応装置に導入して500℃でメタンの接触酸化反応を行い、反応装置から排出されるガスをガスクロマトグラムで測定してメタンの転化率を求め、これにより評価した。
【0020】
また、燃焼促進剤を含有する熱可塑性樹脂組成物の燃焼特性は、石英管中に熱可塑性樹脂組成物10mgを入れ、500℃で、酸素を200ml/min.で3分間流して燃焼させ、燃焼ガス中の二酸化炭素、一酸化炭素濃度をガスクロマトグラフによって測定することにより評価した。なお、燃焼促進剤を使用していない対照例に比べて一酸化炭素量が減少して二酸化炭素量が増加すれば燃焼促進剤が優れた燃焼促進効果を発揮したことを意味している。
【0021】
また、着色の有無は、熱可塑性樹脂組成物を成形して厚さ100μmのフィルムを試料として使用して、当該試料フィルムを白色校正板上にのせて色彩光度計(ミノルタカメラ(株)製)を用いて明度(L*)を測定して評価した。なお、明度(L*)は、白色度が増すほど高く、逆に黒色度が高くなるほど、すなわち暗くなるほど低い値を示す指標である。本発明は、着色剤を含有しない場合の熱可塑性樹脂成形体が、無色、白色乃至白色がかった淡色を呈することを目的としていることから、成形体の厚み等にもよるがこの明度(L*)が90以上、特に95以上であることが好ましいといえる。
【0022】
製造例1
平均粒径1.0μmのアルミナを無機質担体として使用し、これにパラジウムを0.05wt%担持させて燃焼促進剤を得た。パラジウムの担持は、アルミナに硝酸パラジウム水溶液を含浸させ、乾燥後、500℃で焼成することにより行った。この燃焼促進剤は概ね白色であり、触媒活性を測定したところメタン反応率は95.2%であった。
【0023】
製造例2
平均粒径3.0μmのアルミナを無機質担体として使用し、これに製造例1と同様な方法でパラジウムを2.0wt%担持させて燃焼促進剤を得た。この燃焼促進剤は黒褐色に着色しており、触媒活性を測定したところメタン反応率は100%であった。
【0024】
実施例1
低密度ポリエチレン98重量部と製造例1の燃焼促進剤2重量部を加熱混練して、パラジウム濃度が10ppmであるポリエチレン組成物を得た。この組成物の燃焼特性を評価したところ二酸化炭素濃度は2.50%、一酸化炭素濃度は0.23%であり、燃焼中に煙は観察されず、優れた燃焼促進効果を示した。この熱可塑性樹脂組成物を成形して厚み100μmのフィルムを得た。このフィルムの外観は無色であり、色彩光度計を用いて測定した明度(L*)は96.82であった。
【0025】
実施例2
実施例1で使用した低密度ポリエチレン90重量部と製造例1の燃焼促進剤10重量部を加熱混練して、パラジウム濃度が50ppmであるポリエチレン組成物を得た。この組成物の燃焼特性を評価したところ二酸化炭素濃度は2.52%、一酸化炭素濃度は0.22%であり、燃焼中に煙は観察されず、優れた燃焼促進効果を示した。この熱可塑性樹脂組成物を成形して厚み100μmのフィルムを得た。このフィルムの外観は乳白色であり、色彩光度計を用いて測定した明度(L*)は95.96と、若干明度は低下したがほとんど問題のない範囲だった。
【0026】
比較例1
実施例1で使用した低密度ポリエチレンをそのまま使用して燃焼特性を評価した。その結果、二酸化炭素濃度は2.20%、一酸化炭素濃度は0.30%であった。また、燃焼中に不完全燃焼が起こっていることを示す黒い煙の発生が観察された。また、この低密度ポリエチレンを成形して厚み100μmのフィルムを得た。このフィルムの外観は無色であり、色彩光度計を用いて測定した明度(L*)は97.11であった。
【0027】
比較例2
実施例1で使用した低密度ポリエチレン90重量部に製造例1で使用したアルミナ10重量部配合して燃焼特性を評価したところ二酸化炭素濃度は2.19%、一酸化炭素濃度は0.30%であり、燃焼中に煙の発生が観察され低密度ポリエチレンのみの場合である比較例1と同様であり、燃焼促進効果は見られなかった。
【0028】
比較例3
紡錘状ゲーサイト粒子(平均粒子径0.25μm、比表面積84m2)について触媒活性を測定したところメタン反応率は96.9%であった。実施例1で使用した低密度ポリエチレン99重量部に上記ゲーサイト粒子1重量部配合して加熱混練して、ゲーサイト濃度が10,000ppmのポリエチレン組成物を得た。この組成物の燃焼特性を評価したところ二酸化炭素濃度は2.46%、一酸化炭素濃度は0.25%であり、燃焼中に煙は観察されず優れた燃焼促進効果を示した。この熱可塑性樹脂組成物を成形して厚み100μmのフィルムを得たが、概観はゲーサイト特有の黄色を呈した。また、色彩光度計を用いて測定した明度(L*)は86.70であった。
【0029】
比較例4
実施例1で使用した低密度ポリエチレン90重量部と製造例2の燃焼促進剤10重量部を加熱混練して、パラジウム濃度が2000ppmのポリエチレン組成物を得た。この組成物の燃焼特性を評価したところ二酸化炭素濃度は2.51%、一酸化炭素濃度は0.22%であり、燃焼中に煙は観察されず、優れた燃焼促進効果を発揮した。この熱可塑性樹脂組成物を成形して厚み100μmのフィルムを得た。このフィルムの外観は茶褐色であった。また、色彩光度計を用いて測定した明度(L*)も66.92と大きく低下していた。
【0030】
実施例3
実施例1で使用した低密度ポリエチレン90重量部と、塩化ビニル樹脂10重量部と、製造例1の燃焼促進剤4重量部を加熱混練して、パラジウム濃度が19.2ppmの樹脂組成物を得た。この樹脂組成物(3g)を700℃で石英ガラス管中で合成空気を2L/min.の流量で供給しつつ焼成した。石英ガラス管から排出される燃焼ガスをサンプリング装置で捕集してJIS K0311に準拠してダイオキシン類の分析を行った。結果を表1に示す。表中、数値は資料1gあたりの量である。又、樹脂組成物を成形して得た厚み100μmのフィルムは明度(L*)95.03を示した。
【0031】
比較例5
製造例1の燃焼促進剤を用いなかった以外は実施例3と同様にして樹脂組成物を得た。この樹脂組成物の燃焼試験結果を表1に示す。又、この樹脂組成物を成形して得た厚み100μmのフィルムは明度(L*)96.23を示した。
【0032】
【表1】

Figure 0004878099
【0033】
【発明の効果】
本発明の熱可塑性樹脂組成物は、従来、燃焼促進剤として好適とされていた特定の酸化鉄粒子のように熱可塑性樹脂を着色させることがないので、着色を嫌う用途に使用することが可能となるばかりか、目的に応じて任意の色に着色することが可能となった。また、熱可塑性樹脂組成物中の白金族元素の濃度がかなり低くても充分な燃焼促進効果を発揮するので、高価な白金族元素であっても採用可能なコストで実施が可能となった。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention molds a combustion accelerator used by blending with a thermoplastic resin composition which can be completely burned during combustion and incineration and which suppresses the generation of harmful substances, and a thermoplastic resin composition containing the same. It relates to garbage bags or shopping bags .
[0002]
[Prior art]
Thermoplastic resins are used in large quantities in various fields such as electrical, mechanical, automotive parts, construction, construction materials, and various packaging fields due to their excellent moldability and mechanical / physical properties. . However, as their usage increases, disposal after use has become a major social problem.
[0003]
That is, incineration disposal, which accounts for the majority of waste treatment, in addition to the problems of conventional carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides and sulfur oxides in the exhaust gas, and problems of unburned residue and residual ash, The generation of harmful substances has become a major social problem, and it is said that waste of thermoplastic resin products is one of those factors. However, in the past, it has been considered effective to reduce the concentration of carbon monoxide in exhaust gas at high temperatures and high oxygen concentrations, and to reduce nitrogen oxides at low temperatures and low oxygen concentrations. As described above, the conditions for suppressing the generation of harmful gases and substances are not only different from each other, but in some cases it is contradictory, and it has been extremely difficult to clear and incinerate all these requirements.
[0004]
Under such circumstances, recently, garbage bags (JP-A-7-257594) and shopping bags (JP-A-7-322910) in which specific iron oxide particles such as goethite are contained in a thermoplastic resin have been developed. Proposed. This utilizes the combustion promoting action of specific iron oxide particles, and has the effect that the thermoplastic resin can be completely burned even at low temperatures and low oxygen concentrations during incineration. .
[0005]
However, it is inevitable that the thermoplastic resin composition containing iron oxide particles is colored in a color peculiar to iron oxide as apparent from the fact that iron oxide particles have been used as a pigment for a long time. Therefore, it is difficult to accept, for example, packaging for foodstuffs such as vegetables and meat, clothing, etc., and shopping bags containing store names such as supermarkets that need to be colored in a specific shade, and they are exclusively colored. However, it could be used only for purposes such as garbage bags.
[0006]
On the other hand, platinum group catalysts such as palladium, which are well known as catalysts for hydrogenation reactions, hydrocracking, and dehalogenation reactions, are gas turbines and boilers that generate power efficiently by burning natural gas through catalytic reactions. It has been reported that it is used as a combustion catalyst for automobiles or as a catalyst for exhaust gas purification of automobiles and the like.
These are based on the fact that platinum group elements such as palladium have excellent catalytic activity in the oxidation reaction of hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide, further improving the catalytic activity and extending the usable time. Studies on the target catalyst composition, or improvement of the catalyst shape for the purpose of increasing the contact area and reducing pressure loss have been made in various fields.
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention can be completely burned during combustion and incineration, and the generation of harmful substances is suppressed, and there is no undesired coloration as in the case of containing a specific iron oxide, that is, good color. It aims at providing the thermoplastic resin composition which has, and its molded object.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a result of intensive studies to solve the above problems, the present inventors have found that a platinum group element such as palladium is contained in a thermoplastic resin in an extremely small amount of 0.5 to 100 ppm, thereby promoting combustion in an incinerator and combustion during incineration. It has been found that it exhibits a sufficient effect to suppress the generation of harmful substances by exhibiting the effect and complete combustion. Furthermore, the loading amount of platinum group elements such as palladium on the inorganic carrier is far less than 0.5 wt%, which is a practical loading amount when conventionally used as a combustion catalyst or an exhaust gas purification catalyst. It has been found that the above-mentioned object can be achieved by suppressing coloring by setting it to .2 wt% or less, and the present invention has been achieved.
[0009]
That is, the present invention is an agent that is used by blending with the following thermoplastic resin, and an agent that promotes combustion in the incineration disposal of the waste treatment of the molded article of the thermoplastic resin composition containing the agent and the agent The gist is a garbage bag or a shopping bag formed by molding a blended thermoplastic resin composition.
(1) An agent used for blending with a thermoplastic resin, comprising fine particles of 50 μm or less in which 0.001 to 0.2 wt% of a platinum group element is supported on an inorganic carrier, and containing it The agent which accelerates | stimulates the combustion in the incineration disposal of the waste processing of the molded object of the thermoplastic resin composition to do.
(2) The agent according to (1), which is used by blending with a thermoplastic resin so that the concentration of the platinum group element is 0.5 to 100 ppm.
(3) The agent according to (1) or (2), wherein the platinum group element is palladium and / or platinum.
(4) The agent according to any one of (1) to (3), wherein the inorganic carrier is one or more selected from metal oxides and metal carbonates.
(5) The agent according to (4), wherein the metal oxide and the metal carbonate are at least one selected from alumina, titanium oxide, silica, zeolite, calcium carbonate, and magnesium oxide.
(6) The agent according to any one of (1) to (5), wherein the inorganic carrier has an average particle size of 0.1 to 20 μm.
(7) A thermoplastic resin composition in which the agent according to any one of (1) to (6) is blended with a thermoplastic resin so that the concentration of the platinum group element is 0.5 to 100 ppm is formed. Garbage bag or shopping bag.
[0010]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail.
First, the combustion accelerator of the present invention is one in which a platinum group element is supported on an inorganic carrier. Here, examples of the platinum group element include palladium, platinum, ruthenium, rhodium, osmium, and iridium, and these are used alone or in combination of two or more. Palladium or platinum is preferred, and palladium is particularly preferred because it is readily available and exhibits good catalytic action.
[0011]
Any inorganic carrier can be used as long as it can carry a platinum group element. Generally, metal oxides and metal carbonates usually used for platinum group element supported catalysts are used. Specific examples of the inorganic carrier include alumina such as α-alumina and activated alumina, titanium oxide, silica, zeolite, calcium carbonate, magnesium oxide, zirconia, tria, boria, silica-alumina, silica-zirconia, alumina-zirconia, and the like. Can be mentioned. Among these, there is no fear of coloring when blended in a thermoplastic resin, and one or a combination of two or more selected from readily available alumina, titanium oxide, silica, zeolite, calcium carbonate and magnesium oxide is used. It is preferred to use. Further, as will be described later, because the combustion accelerator of the present invention is in the form of fine particles, the inorganic carrier is also in the form of fine particles, specifically, the average particle size is 50 μm or less, preferably 0.1 to 20 μm, particularly preferably 0.8. 2 to 10 μm.
[0012]
As a method for supporting the platinum group element on the inorganic carrier, a conventional method (impregnation method, ion exchange method, concentration method, precipitation method, etc.) conventionally used for producing a platinum group element supported catalyst can be employed. As a preferred supporting method, a method in which a solution containing a platinum group element precursor is impregnated in an inorganic carrier, dried at 50 to 200 ° C., and further fired at 400 to 800 ° C. can be applied. Examples of the platinum group element precursor include compounds conventionally used in the production of platinum group element-supported catalysts, such as chlorides, chlorine complexes, nitrates, acetylacetonates, and the like. Specific examples of the platinum group element precursor include chloroplatinic acid, palladium chloride, platinum tetramine chloride, dinitrodiaminoplatinum, palladium nitrate and the like. When alumina is used as the inorganic carrier, it is preferable to calcinate with a platinum group element supported on aluminum hydroxide, since water is released during the calcination to form a foamed state and the catalytic activity is improved.
[0013]
The supported amount of the platinum group element is 0.001 to 0.2 wt%, preferably 0.005 to 0.15 wt%, particularly preferably 0.01 to 0.08 wt% with respect to the inorganic carrier. If the supported amount of platinum group element is less than 0.001 wt%, the effect as a combustion accelerator cannot be expected, and if it exceeds 0.2 wt%, not only will the cost increase, but the resulting combustion accelerator may be colored. This is not preferable because one of the objects of the invention cannot be achieved. Furthermore, in the present invention, it is of course possible to support the inorganic carrier in combination with other various catalyst components and promoter components for promoting the catalytic action of palladium. The particle size of the combustion accelerator is usually the same as the particle size of the inorganic carrier, and the average particle size is 50 μm or less, preferably 0.1 to 20 μm, particularly preferably 0.2 to 10 μm.
[0014]
The thermoplastic resin composition of the present invention is obtained by blending the above-described thermoplastic resin with a particulate combustion accelerator. There is no restriction | limiting in particular as a thermoplastic resin, What kind of thing can be used. Examples of thermoplastic resins include polyethylene, ethylene-α-olefin copolymers, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers, polyolefin resins such as polypropylene, polyamide resins such as nylon 6 and nylon 66, polystyrene, polyethylene terephthalate, and polybutylene. Examples include terephthalate and polyvinyl chloride. Among these, polyolefin resins such as polyethylene, ethylene-α-olefin copolymer, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, and polypropylene are preferable because they do not contain chlorine and are widely used in various fields. By containing a combustion accelerator, it is possible to suppress the generation of dioxins due to combustion, which is applicable to the present invention.
[0015]
As a method of blending the particulate combustion accelerator with the thermoplastic resin, a normal method of blending an inorganic substance with the thermoplastic resin can be applied without particular limitation. As an example of a preferable blending method, there is a method in which a masterbatch of a thermoplastic resin and a combustion accelerator is prepared in advance by an ordinary method and blended with the thermoplastic resin at the time of use.
[0016]
Here, it is necessary to mix | blend the mixture ratio of the combustion accelerator with respect to a thermoplastic resin so that the density | concentration of the platinum group element in a thermoplastic resin composition may be 0.5-100 ppm. If the concentration of the platinum group element is less than 0.5 ppm, the effect as a combustion accelerator cannot be expected. On the other hand, if it exceeds 100 ppm, not only will expensive and valuable palladium be wasted, but also the effect commensurate with the concentration. I can't expect it. The concentration of the platinum group element in the thermoplastic resin composition is preferably 1 to 50 ppm, more preferably 2 to 20 ppm.
[0017]
The thermoplastic resin composition of the present invention can contain various additives conventionally used in thermoplastic resin moldings such as a colorant, an ultraviolet absorber, an antistatic agent, and a filler. The thermoplastic resin composition thus obtained can be easily molded into a molded body by a known molding method such as an extrusion molding method, an injection molding method, or a compression molding method. The molded body can have any shape such as a film shape, a plate shape, a rod shape, a block shape, a hollow shape, and a spherical shape. The thermoplastic resin composition of the present invention can be a transparent, translucent, and opaque molded body, and when it does not contain a colorant, it is colorless or monochromatic such as white, milky white, or light gray. Even when a colorant is included, the combustion accelerator does not adversely affect the desired color, and a good color can be obtained. One of the characteristics of the thermoplastic resin composition of the present invention is that it has high brightness.
[0018]
In the thermoplastic resin composition of the present invention, a particulate combustion accelerator is dispersed, and when this is burned and incinerated in an incinerator, unburned incinerator and decomposition gas in the incinerator And the combustion accelerator can sufficiently contact each other, so that complete combustion can be performed and generation of harmful gases can be suppressed.
[0019]
【Example】
The present invention will be specifically described below based on examples.
The catalytic activity is composed of 1.0% methane and 2.4% oxygen remaining helium gas (flow rate: 40 ml / min.) While filling a sample (50 mg) into a pulsed fixed bed reactor. 1 ml of the mixed gas was introduced into the reactor as a pulse flow, and the catalytic oxidation reaction of methane was carried out at 500 ° C., and the gas discharged from the reactor was measured with a gas chromatogram to obtain the conversion rate of methane, which was evaluated.
[0020]
Further, the combustion characteristics of the thermoplastic resin composition containing a combustion accelerator were as follows: 10 mg of the thermoplastic resin composition was put in a quartz tube, oxygen was 200 ml / min. And was burned for 3 minutes, and the carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide concentrations in the combustion gas were evaluated by measuring with a gas chromatograph. In addition, if the amount of carbon monoxide decreases and the amount of carbon dioxide increases compared with the control example which does not use the combustion accelerator, it means that the combustion accelerator exhibited an excellent combustion acceleration effect.
[0021]
In addition, the presence or absence of coloration was determined by using a film having a thickness of 100 μm formed as a sample by molding a thermoplastic resin composition, and placing the sample film on a white calibration plate (manufactured by Minolta Camera Co., Ltd.). The brightness (L * ) was measured and evaluated. The lightness (L * ) is an index indicating a higher value as the whiteness increases, and conversely, a lower value as the blackness increases, that is, the darker. The object of the present invention is that the thermoplastic resin molded body containing no colorant is colorless and has a white to whited light color. Therefore, the brightness (L *) depends on the thickness of the molded body . ) Is 90 or more, particularly 95 or more.
[0022]
Production Example 1
Alumina having an average particle diameter of 1.0 μm was used as an inorganic carrier, and 0.05 wt% of palladium was supported thereon to obtain a combustion accelerator. Palladium was supported by impregnating alumina with an aqueous palladium nitrate solution, drying, and firing at 500 ° C. This combustion accelerator was almost white, and when the catalyst activity was measured, the methane reaction rate was 95.2%.
[0023]
Production Example 2
Alumina having an average particle size of 3.0 μm was used as an inorganic support, and 2.0 wt% of palladium was supported thereon by the same method as in Production Example 1 to obtain a combustion accelerator. The combustion accelerator was colored blackish brown, and when the catalyst activity was measured, the methane reaction rate was 100%.
[0024]
Example 1
98 parts by weight of low density polyethylene and 2 parts by weight of the combustion accelerator of Production Example 1 were heat-kneaded to obtain a polyethylene composition having a palladium concentration of 10 ppm. When the combustion characteristics of this composition were evaluated, the carbon dioxide concentration was 2.50% and the carbon monoxide concentration was 0.23%. Smoke was not observed during combustion, and an excellent combustion promoting effect was shown. This thermoplastic resin composition was molded to obtain a film having a thickness of 100 μm. The appearance of this film was colorless, and the lightness (L * ) measured using a color photometer was 96.82.
[0025]
Example 2
90 parts by weight of the low density polyethylene used in Example 1 and 10 parts by weight of the combustion accelerator of Production Example 1 were heat-kneaded to obtain a polyethylene composition having a palladium concentration of 50 ppm. When the combustion characteristics of this composition were evaluated, the carbon dioxide concentration was 2.52% and the carbon monoxide concentration was 0.22%. Smoke was not observed during combustion, and an excellent combustion promoting effect was shown. This thermoplastic resin composition was molded to obtain a film having a thickness of 100 μm. The appearance of this film was milky white, and the lightness (L * ) measured with a color photometer was 95.96.
[0026]
Comparative Example 1
The combustion characteristics were evaluated using the low density polyethylene used in Example 1 as it was. As a result, the carbon dioxide concentration was 2.20%, and the carbon monoxide concentration was 0.30%. In addition, the generation of black smoke indicating that incomplete combustion occurred during combustion was observed. Moreover, this low density polyethylene was shape | molded and the film of thickness 100 micrometers was obtained. The appearance of this film was colorless, and the lightness (L * ) measured using a color photometer was 97.11.
[0027]
Comparative Example 2
Combustion characteristics were evaluated by blending 10 parts by weight of the alumina used in Production Example 1 with 90 parts by weight of the low density polyethylene used in Example 1, and the carbon dioxide concentration was 2.19% and the carbon monoxide concentration was 0.30%. It was the same as in Comparative Example 1 where the generation of smoke was observed during combustion and only low density polyethylene was used, and no combustion promoting effect was observed.
[0028]
Comparative Example 3
When the catalytic activity of the spindle-shaped goethite particles (average particle size 0.25 μm, specific surface area 84 m 2 ) was measured, the methane reaction rate was 96.9%. 99 parts by weight of the low density polyethylene used in Example 1 was blended with 1 part by weight of the above-mentioned goethite particles and heated and kneaded to obtain a polyethylene composition having a goethite concentration of 10,000 ppm. When the combustion characteristics of this composition were evaluated, the carbon dioxide concentration was 2.46% and the carbon monoxide concentration was 0.25%. Smoke was not observed during combustion, and an excellent combustion promoting effect was shown. The thermoplastic resin composition was molded to obtain a film having a thickness of 100 μm, and the appearance exhibited a yellow color peculiar to goethite. Moreover, the lightness (L * ) measured using the color photometer was 86.70.
[0029]
Comparative Example 4
90 parts by weight of the low density polyethylene used in Example 1 and 10 parts by weight of the combustion accelerator of Production Example 2 were heat-kneaded to obtain a polyethylene composition having a palladium concentration of 2000 ppm. When the combustion characteristics of this composition were evaluated, the carbon dioxide concentration was 2.51% and the carbon monoxide concentration was 0.22%. Smoke was not observed during combustion, and an excellent combustion promoting effect was exhibited. This thermoplastic resin composition was molded to obtain a film having a thickness of 100 μm. The appearance of this film was brown. In addition, the lightness (L * ) measured using a color photometer was greatly reduced to 66.92.
[0030]
Example 3
90 parts by weight of low-density polyethylene used in Example 1, 10 parts by weight of vinyl chloride resin, and 4 parts by weight of the combustion accelerator of Production Example 1 were heat-kneaded to obtain a resin composition having a palladium concentration of 19.2 ppm. It was. This resin composition (3 g) was mixed with synthetic air at 2 L / min. It baked, supplying with the flow volume. The combustion gas discharged from the quartz glass tube was collected by a sampling device, and dioxins were analyzed according to JIS K0311. The results are shown in Table 1. In the table, the numerical value is the amount per gram of data. A film having a thickness of 100 μm obtained by molding the resin composition showed a lightness (L * ) of 95.03.
[0031]
Comparative Example 5
A resin composition was obtained in the same manner as in Example 3 except that the combustion accelerator of Production Example 1 was not used. The combustion test results of this resin composition are shown in Table 1. A film having a thickness of 100 μm obtained by molding this resin composition showed a lightness (L * ) of 96.23.
[0032]
[Table 1]
Figure 0004878099
[0033]
【Effect of the invention】
The thermoplastic resin composition of the present invention does not cause the thermoplastic resin to be colored like the specific iron oxide particles that have been conventionally considered suitable as a combustion accelerator, and can therefore be used for applications that dislike coloring. In addition, it has become possible to color any color according to the purpose. Further, even if the concentration of the platinum group element in the thermoplastic resin composition is considerably low, a sufficient combustion promoting effect is exhibited. Therefore, even an expensive platinum group element can be implemented at an applicable cost.

Claims (7)

無機質担体に白金族元素を0.001〜0.2wt%担持させた50μm以下の微粒子からなることを特徴とする、熱可塑性樹脂に配合して用いられる剤であって、それを含有する熱可塑性樹脂組成物の成形体の廃棄物処理の焼却処分における燃焼を促進する剤。An agent used in a thermoplastic resin, comprising a fine particle of 50 μm or less in which 0.001 to 0.2 wt% of a platinum group element is supported on an inorganic carrier, and a thermoplastic containing the agent An agent that promotes combustion in incineration of waste treatment of a molded product of a resin composition. 白金族元素の濃度が0.5〜100ppmになるように熱可塑性樹脂に配合して用いられる請求項1記載の剤。The agent according to claim 1, which is used by being blended with a thermoplastic resin so that the concentration of the platinum group element is 0.5 to 100 ppm. 白金族元素がパラジウム及び/又は白金であることを特徴とする請求項1又は2記載の剤。The agent according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the platinum group element is palladium and / or platinum. 無機質担体が金属酸化物及び金属炭酸塩の中から選ばれる1種以上である請求項1ないし3のいずれかに記載の剤。The agent according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the inorganic carrier is one or more selected from metal oxides and metal carbonates. 金属酸化物及び金属炭酸塩がアルミナ、酸化チタン、シリカ、ゼオライト、炭酸カルシウム及び酸化マグネシウムの中から選ばれる1種以上である請求項4に記載の剤。The agent according to claim 4, wherein the metal oxide and the metal carbonate are at least one selected from alumina, titanium oxide, silica, zeolite, calcium carbonate, and magnesium oxide. 無機質担体の平均粒子径が0.1〜20μmである請求項1ないし5のいずれかに記載の剤。The agent according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the average particle size of the inorganic carrier is 0.1 to 20 µm. 請求項1ないし6のいずれかに記載の剤を、白金族元素の濃度が0.5〜100ppmになるように熱可塑性樹脂に配合した熱可塑性樹脂組成物を成形してなるごみ袋または買い物袋。  A garbage bag or a shopping bag formed by molding a thermoplastic resin composition in which the agent according to any one of claims 1 to 6 is blended with a thermoplastic resin so that the concentration of a platinum group element is 0.5 to 100 ppm. .
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