JP4873388B2 - Starting device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a starter that can be widely applied to wind power generators, wave power generators, marine sailing devices, and the like.

  Conventionally, various types of cross-sectional shapes of aircraft wings and fluid machinery wings have been proposed depending on the purpose. However, there is no known one that can generate a force (lift) perpendicular to the flow at a large angle of attack generally close to ± 90 degrees. To that end, especially the improvement of the starting characteristics of the vertical axis wind power generator, the improvement of the starting characteristics of the wave power generator using the reciprocating flow, and the propulsive force at low speed in the sailing device as auxiliary power of the ship is enhanced. The realization of an activation device that can be used is awaited.

The applicant has a combination wing unit with one front wing, two rear wings, and two combination wing units with one front wing and one rear wing. There is a case.
Japanese Patent Application No. 9-58582 Japanese Patent Application No. 2006-90745

  The present invention is established under the above-mentioned background, and the first means of the present invention is that a plurality of partition plates perpendicular to the front edge are formed on the front edge of the main part having a symmetric wing cross-sectional shape. Provided as if they were alternately inclined with respect to the cross section, a plurality of curved plates forming so-called slats were alternately provided in the blade thickness direction between the partition plates, and the shape of the fluid inflow portion was short in the span direction and long in the chord direction In addition, the present invention provides a starter for a wind turbine generator provided with a rotor blade in which the shape of the fluid outflow portion is long in the span direction and short in the blade thickness direction.

  According to a second means of the present invention, a plurality of partition plates perpendicular to the front edge portion are provided at the front edge portion of the main portion having a symmetric wing cross-sectional shape so as to be alternately inclined with respect to the cross section, and between the partition plates. A plurality of curved plates forming so-called slats are provided alternately in the blade thickness direction, the shape of the fluid inflow portion is short in the span direction and long in the chord direction, and the shape of the fluid outflow portion is long in the span direction. A starter for a hydroelectric generator provided with a rotor blade formed short in the direction is provided.

  According to a third means of the present invention, a plurality of partition plates perpendicular to the front edge portion are provided at the front edge portion of the main portion having a symmetric wing cross-sectional shape so as to be alternately inclined with respect to the cross section, and between the partition plates. A plurality of curved plates forming so-called slats are provided alternately in the blade thickness direction, the shape of the fluid inflow portion is short in the span direction and long in the chord direction, and the shape of the fluid outflow portion is long in the span direction. Provided is a marine vessel starter provided with a propulsion mechanism formed short in a direction upward with respect to a hull and in parallel with a traveling direction.

In the present invention, a plurality of partition plates perpendicular to the front edge portion are provided at the front edge portion of the main portion having a symmetric wing cross-sectional shape so as to be alternately inclined with respect to the cross section, and so-called slats are formed between the partition plates. A plurality of curved plates are provided alternately in the blade thickness direction, the shape of the fluid inflow part is short in the span direction and long in the chord direction, and the shape of the fluid outflow part is long in the span direction and short in the blade thickness direction By providing the rotor blades, the starting characteristics of the vertical axis wind power generator are greatly improved.
Further, by attaching the rotor blade having the above structure, the starting characteristics of the wave power generation device using the reciprocating flow are greatly improved, and power generation with a small wave is enabled.
Furthermore, by providing the propulsion mechanism having the above structure upwardly with respect to the hull and in parallel with the traveling direction, the propulsive force at low speed of the sailing device as auxiliary power for the ship can be increased.

  In addition, when used in a sailing device for a ship or the like, an artificial operation for sailing is not required, and application in a wide range of ships is possible. In this case, the rear edge part of the main part can be constituted by a rotating part and a flexible film which will be described later.

  In the structure of the present invention, a plurality of partition plates perpendicular to the front edge portion are provided at the front edge portion of the main portion having a symmetric wing cross-sectional shape so as to be alternately inclined with respect to the cross section, and so-called slats are provided between the partition plates. A plurality of curved plates are formed alternately in the blade thickness direction, the shape of the fluid inflow portion is short in the span direction and long in the chord direction, and the shape of the fluid outflow portion is long in the span direction and short in the blade thickness direction. The starter of the wind power generator provided with the formed rotor blade is configured.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a side view showing the structure of one embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a partial side view showing the shape of the main part, FIG. 3 is a partial front view showing the shape of the main part, and FIG. It is a fragmentary sectional view which shows the shape of the principal part.
In FIG. 1, two units in which two rotary blades 2 having a substantially U-shape are symmetrically arranged are attached to a rotary shaft 1 with a phase difference of 90 degrees.
The main portion 3 of the rotor blade 2 has a symmetrical blade cross-sectional shape as shown in FIGS. 2, 3, and 4, and a plurality of partition plates 5 perpendicular to the front edge portion 4 are alternately arranged on the front edge portion 4 with respect to the cross section. A plurality of curved plates 6 ′, 6 ″ forming so-called slats are alternately provided in the blade thickness direction between the partition plates 5, and the shapes of the fluid inflow portions 7 ′, 7 ″ are set in the span direction. S1 is short and the chord direction H1 is long, and the shape of the fluid outflow portions 8 ′ and 8 ″ is long and the span direction S2 is long and the blade thickness direction H2 is short. It is connected.

  The streamlines 9 ′, 9 ″, 10 ′, 10 ″, 11 ′, and 11 ″ shown in FIG. 4 indicate a state in which the fluid hits the main portion 3 at an angle of attack of about 90 degrees. 10 "and 11 'are flows passing between the curved plates 6' and 6" and the main part 3, and 11 'and 11 "are the rear edges of the main part 3. It is a flow through.

The operation of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
In FIG. 4, since the angle of attack is about 90 degrees, in the conventional blade cross section, the fluid flow is separated from the blade cross section, and the wake is greatly disturbed so that lift cannot be generated. However, it should be noted that the streamlines 10 ′ and 10 ″ are such that the fluid flowing in from the inflow portions 7 ′ and 7 ″ is elongated in the span direction at the outflow portions 8 ′ and 8 ″ and short (thinly) in the blade thickness direction. ) Discharged over a wide area of the main part 3. Therefore, the boundary layer in this wide area is washed away in the wake direction to prevent separation of the flow in this part, and the streamlines 9 ', 9 ", 11', 11" as a whole Then, a lift L1 perpendicular to the direction of the flow is generated in the main part 3 as a reaction force of the direction change of the flow, which is the front edge direction, and this is the thrust T1. When the flow inflow direction is from the leading edge side, lift L2 as a force in a direction perpendicular to the flow direction acts like a normal airfoil, so that the component in the leading edge direction becomes the thrust T2. When the inflow direction is from the trailing edge side, the drag D parallel to the flow direction is more dominant than the lift force. As a result, the leading edge direction component T3 of the drag D becomes large, so that the force in the leading edge direction works over a wide angle range, so that the combined force of the forces acting on each of the rotor blades 2 that are arranged out of phase by 90 °. As a result, the rotating shaft 1 in the stationary state starts and rotates.

  Conventionally, it has been confirmed that wings with slats generate lift at a large angle of attack, but they have mainly been implemented as high-lift devices in airfoils with relatively large cambers. There are few examples of symmetric wing cross-sections, and there is no example of slats mounted alternately on the upper and lower sides, and those mounted on both sides are limited to sailboat sails. Furthermore, there is no partition plate that is inclined with respect to the cross section and has a shape of the outflow portion that is long in the span direction and short in the blade thickness direction. In this application, this point dominates the improvement of the start-up performance by the effect of the turbulent boundary layer in the wake direction.

  The starter of the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 has a great effect when used in a vertical axis type windmill. In other words, the vertical axis type wind turbine rotates regardless of the direction of the wind, so the structure is simple and the generator can be installed near the ground. There is a method of increasing so-called solidity and starting up using the turbulence of the wake, but there is a disadvantage that the aerodynamic characteristic as an original windmill is deteriorated. The main reason is that the rotational speed of the windmill decreases, the angle of attack of the wind hitting the blades of the windmill becomes larger than the optimum angle of attack obtained from the characteristics of the blade cross section, and the lift-drag ratio decreases. Also, increasing the solidity is subject to a large wind resistance even if the wind turbine is stopped in a strong wind, so it is necessary to increase the overall strength of the device, resulting in an increase in weight and cost and a decrease in overall performance. It is connected.

  On the other hand, since the starter of the present invention can generate lift even when the angle of attack is around 90 degrees, the windmill can be easily started without increasing the solidity as described above. Since the wake of the leeward wind works effectively with less turbulence in the wake, the rotational speed during rated operation is faster, and the angle of attack of the wing is within the normal state (about ± 10 degrees), so the aerodynamics of the windmill Efficiency can be greatly improved. In particular, the stall angle of the main part 3 of the present invention is greatly increased by the effect of the slats, so that the stall during operation does not occur in the above angle range and can rotate stably. In addition, the fact that the solidity is small means that the wind power received when the windmill is stopped is small, so that the windmill can be protected from excessive wind power by stopping the windmill during a storm or the like, and damage can be prevented.

FIG. 5 is a front view showing the structure of another embodiment of the present invention.
Even when the starter of the present invention is used as a horizontal-axis type wave power generator, it is not necessary to set a twist angle unlike a normal propeller, and it is planar (perpendicular to the rotation axis and parallel to the rotation surface). Since it only has to be attached, the shape is simple, and at the same time, it has the feature of rotating in the same direction even if the flow direction is opposite. Therefore, this characteristic is extremely advantageous when used as a turbine for wave power generation using a reciprocating flow.
In FIG. 5, the rotating shaft 21 is provided with a plurality of rotating blades 22 in the radial direction. The main part 3 is provided with a partition plate 5 and curved plates 6 ′ and 6 ″ having the same structure as described above. In this case, the number of the rotor blades 22 is arbitrary, so as not to increase the solidity value. 2 to 4 is suitable, but as an extreme example, there is no problem if even one balance weight is provided on the opposite side In wave power generation, the wave motion is an unstable reciprocating motion and multiple propeller shafts It is effective to connect the two in parallel to obtain a stable rotation, but this activation device can be used by adding the wave force in a wide range. There is a drawback that the output becomes zero when the size is increased and averaged due to the deviation, but the present starter has a feature that it rotates in the same direction even if the flow direction is opposite as described above. This can overcome this drawback.

FIG. 6 is a top view showing the structure of another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 7 is a partial top sectional view showing the shape of the main part thereof.
6 and 7, the main portion 33 of the propulsion mechanism 32 attached upward on the upper surface of the hull 31 is attached in parallel to the traveling direction of the hull 31. The main portion 33 is provided with a partition plate 5 and curved plates 6 ′ and 6 ″ having the same structure as described above. In this case, the number of the propulsion mechanism 32 and the main portion 33 is arbitrary. When navigating long distances with propulsion functions, it is an effective means to save the fuel and to use the wind that blows stably on the sea. Controlling the sail and changing the course are not desirable for ships with few crew members, so attempts to use the lift generated during crosswinds as a propulsive force by attaching the fixed wings of the aircraft in parallel to the hull However, in this case, the direction of wind that can effectively use lift for propulsive force is considerably limited in the fixed wing of a normal aircraft, so that the structure of the wing is the main part 33 of the present invention, the partition plate 5, According to curved plate 6 ', 6 " That the even able to generate a lift in a large angle of attack near 90 ° as described above, which can be utilized as a propulsion force as components parallel and hull. When the hull is stopped, the possibility that the wind will blow from either 360 ° is the same, so it can be converted into a force in the bow direction to activate the hull. In this case, the rear half member 34 of the main portion 33 has a shaft 35 and is rotatably attached to a bearing 36 protruding rearward from the main portion 33. A flexible film-like member 38 is fitted in the grooves 37 ′ and 37 ″ of the latter half member 34 so as to be slidable in the longitudinal direction at the tip convex portions 39 ′ and 39 ″. The rear end portion 40 of the membrane member 38 is gathered into one sheet and pulled behind the hull 31. The latter half member 34 is appropriately rotated according to the direction of the wind, and the film-like member 38 is expanded to the leeward side, so that the turbulence of the air current is prevented and the propulsive force can be increased. In a normal yacht or the like, there is only one groove 37 ', 37 ", and the mast corresponding to the latter half member 34 does not rotate, so that the sail cross-section at this part is far away from the ideal airfoil and has a drag force. It is supposed to produce an unfavorable result of an increase and a decrease in lift force.The structure of the latter half member 34 allows the membranous member 38 to be pulled down when no propulsive force is required, such as during anchoring. Because it has a small area, it hardly receives wind power and does not generate propulsion, and is effective in maintaining safety in case of a storm.

  As is apparent from the above description, the track apparatus of the present invention has an extremely remarkable industrial effect on the wind power generation apparatus, the wave power generation apparatus, and the auxiliary propulsion apparatus for ships.

It is a side view which shows the structure of one Embodiment of this invention. It is a partial side view which shows the shape of the principal part of one Embodiment of this invention. It is a partial front view which shows the shape of the principal part of one Embodiment of this invention. It is a fragmentary sectional view which shows the shape of the principal part of one Embodiment of this invention. It is a front view which shows the structure of other embodiment of this invention. It is a top view which shows the structure of other embodiment of this invention. It is a fragmentary top sectional view which shows the shape of the principal part of one Embodiment of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

1, 2: Rotating shafts 2, 22: Rotating blades 3: Main part 4: Front edge part 5: Partition plate 6 ', 6 ": Curved plate 7', 7": Inflow part 8 ', 8 ": Outlet part
9 ', 9 ": Streamline 10', 10": Streamline 11 ', 11 ": Streamline 31: Hull 32: Propulsion mechanism 33: Main part 34: Rear member 35: Shaft 36: Bearings 37', 37" : Groove 38: Film-like members 39 ', 39 ": Front protrusion 40: Rear end
L1, L2: Lift T1, T2, T3: Thrust D: Drag

Claims (3)

A plurality of curved plates that form so-called slats between the partition plates provided at the front edge of the main portion having a symmetric wing cross-sectional shape as a plurality of partition plates perpendicular to the front edge portions are alternately inclined with respect to the cross section. Are formed alternately in the blade thickness direction, and the shape of the fluid inflow portion that opens in the blade thickness direction is formed short in the span direction and long in the chord direction, and the fluid outflow portion that can be discharged over a wide range of the main portion. A starter for a wind turbine generator, characterized in that a rotor blade having a shape that is long in a span direction and short in a blade thickness direction is provided. A plurality of curved plates that form so-called slats between the partition plates provided at the front edge of the main portion having a symmetric wing cross-sectional shape as a plurality of partition plates perpendicular to the front edge portions are alternately inclined with respect to the cross section. Are formed alternately in the blade thickness direction, and the shape of the fluid inflow portion that opens in the blade thickness direction is formed short in the span direction and long in the chord direction, and the fluid outflow portion that can be discharged over a wide range of the main portion. A starting device for a wave power generator, characterized in that a rotor blade having a shape that is long in a span direction and short in a blade thickness direction is provided. A plurality of curved plates that form so-called slats between the partition plates provided at the front edge of the main portion having a symmetric wing cross-sectional shape as a plurality of partition plates perpendicular to the front edge portions are alternately inclined with respect to the cross section. Are formed alternately in the blade thickness direction, and the shape of the fluid inflow portion that opens in the blade thickness direction is formed short in the span direction and long in the chord direction, and the fluid outflow portion that can be discharged over a wide range of the main portion. A marine vessel starter characterized in that a propulsion mechanism having a shape that is long in the span direction and short in the blade thickness direction is provided in an upward direction with respect to the hull and in parallel with the traveling direction.

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