JP4870827B2 - Mounting structure of rotary blade for crusher and uniaxial crusher - Google Patents

Description

  INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention is used in a crusher that crushes objects to be crushed, such as waste wood, waste plastic, and waste paper, between a rotary blade attached to the surface of the rotor and a fixed blade disposed in the vicinity of the rotor. The present invention relates to a mounting structure for a rotary blade for a crusher and a uniaxial crusher using the mounting structure. In addition, the "attachment structure of the rotary blade for crushers" means the structure of the whole attachment part (a rotary blade is included) in the state which attached the rotary blade to the surface of the rotor.

  There are various types of crushers for crushing the material to be crushed, such as a uniaxial crusher and a biaxial crusher. Among them, the “uniaxial crusher” is attached to one rotor. Since an object to be crushed is crushed between a plurality of rotating blades and a fixed blade disposed in the vicinity of the rotor, the structure can be simplified, and there is an advantage that it can be manufactured at low cost. However, in the “uniaxial crusher”, since it is necessary to attach a large number of rotating blades to the rotor one by one, there is a problem that it takes a lot of time to attach the rotating blades.

  As means for solving such a problem, Patent Document 1 discloses a “rotating blade mounting structure” in which each of a plurality of rotating blades is fixed to a rotor with only one bolt. As shown in FIG. 14, this “rotating blade mounting structure” has a substantially V-shaped mounting groove 2 formed on the surface of the rotor 1 so as to extend in a direction orthogonal to the rotation axis (not shown) of the rotor 1. A fixed block 3 welded and fixed in the mounting groove 2, a substantially square plate-shaped rotary blade 4 disposed in contact with the fixed block 3 in the mounting groove 2, and the rotary blade 4 on the fixed block 3. And a bolt 5 to be fixed. And each of the fixed block 3 and the rotary blade 4 is formed with screw holes 6a, 6b extending in a direction parallel to the mounting groove 2 in a straight line, and the screw holes 6a, 6b have the above-mentioned The rotary blade 4 is fixed to the fixed block 3 by screwing the bolt 5.

JP 2000-51726 A

  According to the “rotating blade mounting structure” described in Patent Document 1, the rotating blade 4 can be easily mounted on the rotor 1 with only one bolt 5. It can be shortened. However, a screw hole 6b is formed at the center of the substantially square plate-like rotary blade 4, and one end of the screw hole 6b is the tip surface of the rotary blade 4 (that is, the end surface on the front side in the rotation direction of the rotor 1). ) (FIG. 14), it is difficult to give the rotary blade 4 sufficient strength, and the rotary blade 4 is easily damaged by the force acting on the tip surface of the rotary blade 4 from the object to be crushed. There was a fear.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problem, and has a rotary blade mounting structure for a crusher that can shorten the mounting work time of the rotary blade while sufficiently securing the strength of the rotary blade, and An object is to provide a uniaxial crusher.

In order to solve the above-described problems, the crusher rotary blade mounting structure according to the present invention extends on the surface of the rotor arranged close to the fixed blade in a direction perpendicular to the rotation axis of the rotor. A mounting groove formed so that the groove width gradually increases from the groove bottom toward the groove opening;
A blade base arranged in contact with the inner surface of the mounting groove, and a through-hole formed in a portion of the blade base that is located at the center in the width direction of the mounting groove extending in the depth direction of the mounting groove. A blade portion that is provided at one end of the blade base in a direction orthogonal to the rotation axis, and that crushes the object to be crushed with the fixed blade, and is orthogonal to the rotation axis of the blade base. A rotary blade having a contact portion provided at the other end portion in the direction of
A screw hole formed in the rotor so as to communicate with the through hole, and a bolt inserted into the through hole and screwed into the screw hole;
A pressing surface provided on the rotor, the surface facing the opposite side of the groove bottom side of the contact portion when the rotary blade is about to rotate about the bolt; A movement blocking unit for blocking the movement of the rotary blade,
The contact portion has a locking surface formed to be inclined so as to be separated from the bolt toward the groove bottom side,
The pressing surface is formed to be inclined so as to be separated from the bolt toward the groove bottom side, and the locking surface is brought into contact with the pressing surface.

  In this configuration, since a through hole is formed extending in the depth direction of the mounting groove at a portion located in the center portion in the width direction of the mounting groove in the blade base, one end of the through hole is opened at the tip surface of the rotary blade. The strength of the rotary blade can be sufficiently ensured.

  In this configuration, when the object to be crushed is crushed between the rotating blade and the fixed blade, forces in various directions act on the rotating blade from the object to be crushed. Therefore, if the “contact portion” and the “movement preventing portion” do not exist, the rotary blade is rotated around the bolt by these forces, and the rotary blade may be lifted along the inner surface of the mounting groove. There is. When the rotary blade is lifted, a force in the direction of pulling the bolt acts from the rotary blade to the head of the bolt, so that the bolt may be damaged by the force and the rotary blade may fall off. Further, when the rotary blade is rotated about the bolt, the position of the rotary blade with respect to the fixed blade (not shown) is greatly displaced, and the rotary blade and the fixed blade are damaged by the interference of the rotary blade with the fixed blade. There is a fear. However, in this configuration, since the “contact portion” and the “movement prevention portion” exist, the “contact portion” hits the “movement prevention portion” when the rotary blade is about to rotate about the bolt. In contact with each other, the movement of the rotary blade is prevented, so that the bolt, the rotary blade and the fixed blade can be prevented from being damaged.

  As an aspect for preventing the movement of the rotary blade, (a) an aspect for preventing the movement of the rotary blade by preventing the contact portion from moving in the direction from the groove bottom side to the groove opening side of the mounting groove. And (b) a mode in which the rotation of the rotary blade is prevented by preventing the contact portion from moving (turning) in the circumferential direction of the bolt. In some cases, the rotary blade tends to be lifted at the same time as it is rotated along the inner surface of the mounting groove, so that the movement of the rotary blade is prevented by only one of the modes (a) and (b). Can do.

  The movement prevention part may have a rotation prevention surface on which the contact part comes into contact with the bolt from the circumferential direction when the rotary blade is about to rotate about the bolt.

  This configuration prevents the movement of the rotary blade by preventing the contact portion from moving in the circumferential direction of the bolt by the “rotation prevention surface”, and realizes the above-described aspect (b). is there.

  The said movement prevention part may have the block-shaped base attached to the said rotor, and may be comprised by processing a part of said rotor.

  The movement preventing part has an inner peripheral part of a circular accommodation hole formed on the surface of the rotor, and the contact part has a fitting part fitted into the accommodation hole. The inner surface of the receiving hole may be the rotation preventing surface.

  According to this configuration, since the circular accommodation hole can be easily processed on the surface of the rotor using the end mill, the movement blocking portion can be configured easily and at low cost using the accommodation hole.

The blade base is formed in a substantially quadrangular prism shape extending in the same direction as the mounting groove, the through hole is formed extending in a diagonal direction of the blade base, and the blade base is formed of the through hole. The first end is configured to selectively take a first state in which the screw hole is opposed to the screw hole, and the second state in which the other end of the through hole is opposed to the screw hole. Between the first part that crushes the object to be crushed with the fixed blade when the blade table is in the first state, and the fixed blade when the blade table is in the second state. And a second portion for crushing the material to be crushed.

  In this configuration, even if the first part of the blade part is worn, the second part of the blade part can be used by reversing the mounting direction of the rotary blade, so that the replacement cycle of the rotary blade is lengthened. Cost can be reduced.

  The contact portion includes a first locking surface that is inclined so as to be separated from the bolt toward the groove bottom when the blade base is in the first state, and the blade base is in the second state. A second locking surface that inclines so as to move away from the bolt as it goes toward the groove bottom side, and the pressing surface includes the first locking surface and the second locking surface. It may be formed to be inclined so as to be separated from the bolt toward the groove bottom side so that the surface is selectively abutted.

  In this configuration, in either the first state or the second state, one of the first locking surface and the second locking surface can be pressed by the pressing surface.

  In order to solve the above problems, a uniaxial crusher according to the present invention is attached to a rotor that is rotated by a single rotating shaft, a fixed blade that is disposed in the vicinity of the rotor, and a surface of the rotor. In the uniaxial crusher provided with a plurality of rotary blades, any one of the above-described attachment structure of the rotary blade for a crusher is used.

  According to the mounting structure of the rotary blade for a crusher and the uniaxial crusher according to the present invention, it is possible to shorten the mounting operation time of the rotary blade while sufficiently securing the strength of the rotary blade. Further, when the rotary blade is about to be rotated around the bolt, the contact of the contact portion with the movement prevention portion prevents the rotary blade from moving, so the rotary blade is rotated about the bolt. Or being lifted along the inner surface of the mounting groove, and damage to the bolt, the rotary blade and the fixed blade due to these can be prevented.

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of a uniaxial crusher according to the first embodiment. FIG. 2 is a perspective view illustrating a configuration of a main part of the uniaxial crusher according to the first embodiment. FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view showing the attachment structure of the crusher rotary blade according to the first embodiment. 4A is a plan view showing the attachment structure of the crusher rotary blade according to the first embodiment, FIG. 4B is a cross-sectional view showing the attachment structure, and FIG. It is a side view which shows an attachment structure. It is a side view (partial cross section) which shows the modification of a rotary blade and a mounting groove. FIG. 6A is a plan view showing an attachment structure of a crusher rotary blade according to the second embodiment, and FIG. 6B is a cross-sectional view showing the attachment structure. FIG. 7A is a plan view showing the attachment structure of the crusher rotary blade according to the third embodiment, and FIG. 7B is a cross-sectional view showing the attachment structure. FIG. 8A is a plan view showing the attachment structure of the crusher rotary blade according to the fourth embodiment, and FIG. 8B is a cross-sectional view showing the attachment structure. FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing the attachment structure of the crusher rotary blade according to the fifth embodiment. FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing the attachment structure of the crusher rotary blade according to the sixth embodiment. FIG. 11 is an exploded perspective view showing an attachment structure for a crusher rotary blade according to a seventh embodiment. FIG. 12 is an exploded front view (partially cross-sectional view) showing an attachment structure of a crusher rotary blade according to a seventh embodiment. FIG. 13A is a plan view showing the attachment structure of the crusher rotary blade according to the seventh embodiment, FIG. 13B is a sectional view showing the attachment structure, and FIG. It is a side view which shows an attachment structure. FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view showing a conventional structure for attaching a rotary blade for a crusher.

  Hereinafter, the attachment structure of the uniaxial crusher and the rotary blade for crushers which concerns on embodiment of this invention is demonstrated in detail, referring drawings. In addition, since "the attachment structure of the rotary blade for crushers" is used for a part of "uniaxial crusher", this is demonstrated as a component of "uniaxial crusher".

(First embodiment)
[Overall configuration of uniaxial crusher]
First, the whole structure of the uniaxial crusher 10 is demonstrated, referring FIGS. 1-4.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the uniaxial crusher 10 is a device that crushes a material 12 to be crushed, such as waste wood, waste plastic, and waste paper, into a predetermined size, and is disposed inside the casing 14 and the casing 14. Rotor 16, a plurality of rotary blades 18 attached to the surface of rotor 16, fixed blades 20 arranged along the surface of rotor 16, hopper 22 attached to the top of casing 14, and casing 14 And a pusher 24 attached to the side portion.

  The casing 14 is a portion serving as a base for supporting the above-described components, and is configured by combining the frame 14a and a plurality of panels 14b. A housing space S having a substantially rectangular shape in plan view for housing the object to be crushed 12 is formed inside the casing 14, and components such as the rotor 16, the hopper 22, and the pusher 24 surround the housing space S. The frame 14a or the panel 14b is fixed.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the rotor 16 has a solid columnar or hollow cylindrical rotor main body 26, and rotating shafts 28 formed at both axial ends of the rotor main body 26. The rotating shaft 28 is supported by an attached bearing (not shown). A plurality of mounting grooves 30 are formed on the surface of the rotor body 26 so as to be arranged in a plurality of spirals, and one rotary blade 18 is mounted in each of the mounting grooves 30. Thus, the number of rotary blades 18 arranged on the same straight line extending in the axial direction is reduced, and an excessive load is prevented from being applied to the fixed blade 20 and the rotor 16. The mounting groove 30 and the rotary blade 18 will be described later.

  As shown in FIG. 1, in a state where the rotary shaft 28 is supported inside the casing 14, a part of the outer peripheral surface of the rotor body 26 is disposed inside the accommodation space S, and the other part is the accommodation space. It is arranged outside S. A screen 34 having a plurality of holes is provided so as to cover the other part. Therefore, the object to be crushed 12 is repeatedly crushed between the rotary blade 18 and the fixed blade 20 until the size of the hole of the screen 34 becomes smaller, and the screen 34 is replaced with one having a different hole diameter. Thus, the size of the finally obtained crushed piece q can be adjusted. Further, a conveying device (not shown) such as a belt conveyor is disposed below the screen 34, and the crushed pieces q that have dropped through the holes of the screen 34 are sent to the next step by the conveying device. The Further, a drive motor (not shown) is connected to the rotary shaft 28 via a gear unit or the like.

  The fixed blade 20 is for crushing the object 12 to be crushed with the rotary blade 18 by a shearing force, and is formed in a plate shape by a hard metal material or the like. As shown in FIG. 2, the fixed blade 20 is continuous in the length direction at a substantially rectangular plate-like joint portion 36 having substantially the same length as the rotor body 26 and one end portion in the width direction of the joint portion 36. A plurality of substantially triangular blade portions 38 formed on the plate 40 disposed on the bottom of the accommodation space S (FIG. 1). (Not shown) or the like. In a state where the joint portion 36 is joined to the plate 40, the plurality of blade portions 38 are located close to the surface of the rotor body 26 and aligned in the axial direction of the rotor body 26, and the fixed blade 20 and the rotary blade The to-be-crushed object 12 can be crushed between 18.

  The hopper 22 is a portion that constitutes a loading port for loading the material to be crushed 12 into the accommodation space S, and at least a part of the inner surface of the hopper 22 is inclined so that the loading port extends toward the opening side. Is formed.

  The pusher 24 supplies the object 12 to be crushed charged from the hopper 22 into the accommodation space S to an area (hereinafter referred to as “crushing area”) Q (FIG. 2) where the rotary blade 18 and the fixed blade 20 are engaged with each other. It has a pressing part 42 that presses the object 12 to be crushed and a drive part 44 that reciprocates the pressing part 42 in a direction approaching or separating from the crushing region Q. The configuration of the pusher 24 is not particularly limited, and can be appropriately selected from known techniques. In addition, as a method of supplying the object to be crushed 12 to the crushing region Q, a method using gravity may be adopted, and in this case, the pusher 24 may be omitted.

  In such a uniaxial crusher 10, since it is necessary to attach many rotary blades 18 to the rotor 16, it is desirable that the attaching operation is simple and it is desirable that sufficient strength can be secured. Furthermore, if the rotary blade 18 is moved undesirably, the bolt 52 may be damaged, or the rotary blade 18 and the fixed blade 20 may interfere with each other and be damaged. It is desirable that it can be prevented. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the following rotary blade mounting structure 32 for the crusher is employed.

[Mounting structure of rotary blade for crusher]
As shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, the attachment structure 32 includes an attachment groove 30 formed on the surface of the rotor 16, a rotary blade 18 attached to the attachment groove 30, and a screw hole 50 provided in the rotor 16. The bolt 52 for fixing the rotary blade 18 to the mounting groove 30 and the movement blocking member 54 as a “movement blocking portion” for blocking the movement of the rotary blade 18 are provided.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the mounting groove 30 is a substantially V-shaped groove formed on the surface of the rotor 16 so as to extend in a direction orthogonal to the rotation shaft 28, and as shown in FIG. The width of the mounting groove 30 (hereinafter referred to as “groove width”) is gradually increased from the bottom (hereinafter referred to as “groove bottom”) 30a of the mounting groove 30 toward the opening (hereinafter referred to as “groove opening”) 30b. The angle formed by the two inner side surfaces 30c of the mounting groove 30 is designed to be 90 degrees. Further, in order to prevent the corners of the rotary blade 18 from interfering with each other, a groove 56 that accommodates the corners is formed at the bottom of the mounting groove 30. As shown in FIG. 4B, assuming a virtual straight line L extending in the radial direction through the center of the rotor 16, the base end portion 30d (FIG. 3) of the mounting groove 30 is located in the vicinity of the virtual straight line L. The tip 30e (FIG. 3) of the mounting groove 30 is located on the surface of the rotor main body 26 away from the virtual straight line L.

  As shown in FIG. 3, a part of the rotary blade 18 and a part of the movement blocking member 54 are accommodated behind the base end part 30d on the surface of the rotor 16 (that is, on the side opposite to the front end part 30e). The housing hole 58 having a substantially circular shape in plan view has an axis extending in parallel with the virtual straight line L (FIG. 4B) and is formed to be deeper than the entire depth of the mounting groove 30 and the groove 56. Yes. The diameter of the accommodation hole 58 is constant over the entire length in the depth direction, and is designed to be approximately the same as the maximum width of the mounting groove 30 in this embodiment.

  As shown in FIG. 4 (B), the rotary blade 18 is detachably attached to the surface of the rotor 16 by a bolt 52, and as shown in FIG. A substantially regular square pillar-shaped blade base 60, a blade portion 62 provided at one end (that is, a tip portion) of the blade base 60 in a direction orthogonal to the rotation shaft 28, and a rotation shaft 28 of the blade base 60. And an abutting portion 64 provided at the other end portion (that is, the base end portion) in the direction orthogonal to the direction.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the blade base 60 is made of a metal material such as carbon steel, and the diagonal direction (that is, the depth direction of the mounting groove 30) is provided at the center in the length direction of the blade base 60. A through hole 66 is formed, and an end portion 66a is formed at the end of the through hole 66 opposite to the groove bottom 30a side. A step 68 is formed on the tip surface 60 a of the blade base 60 at a diagonal line orthogonal to the through hole 66, and the rotor 16 is radially outward from the step 68 (that is, the groove bottom 30 a side). The blade portion 62 is joined to a region 60b located on the opposite side (hereinafter referred to as “blade portion mounting region”) 60b by “brazing” or the like, thereby eliminating the step 68.

  The blade part 62 is formed of a metal material such as a cemented carbide in substantially the same shape as the blade part mounting region 60b, and the thickness of the blade part 62 is designed to be approximately the same as the height of the step 68. Yes. In the present embodiment, half of the tip surface 60a of the blade base 60 is used as the blade portion mounting region 60b, and the substantially triangular blade portion 62 is joined thereto, but the shapes of the blade portion mounting region 60b and the blade portion 62 are used. The size is not particularly limited, and for example, the entire tip surface 60a of the blade base 60 may be the blade portion mounting region 60b, and a substantially square blade portion 62 may be joined thereto. Further, the blade base 60 and the blade portion 62 may be integrally formed of the same material, and the labor of joining by “brazing” or the like may be omitted.

  The abutting portion 64 is a portion that abuts against the movement preventing member 54 when the rotary blade 18 is about to rotate, and has a substantially circular concave portion 64 a formed by immersing from the base end surface 60 c of the blade base 60. is doing. The diameter of the recess 64a is constant over the entire length in the depth direction, and the position of the recess 64a is designed so that the center of the recess 64a and the center of the blade base 60 coincide. The shape of the recess 64a is not particularly limited, and may be, for example, a substantially elliptical shape, a substantially square shape, a substantially triangular shape, or the like, or a conical shape whose cross-sectional area becomes narrower toward the back side or It may be a pyramid or the like.

  As shown in FIG. 4B, the screw hole 50 is a bolt fixing hole for fixing the bolt 52 to the rotor 16, and is attached to the mounting groove 30 so as to communicate with the through hole 66 of the rotary blade 18. Is formed in parallel to the virtual straight line L (FIG. 4B) at the center in the width direction.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the bolt 52 includes a rod-shaped main body portion 52 a that is inserted into the through hole 66 of the rotary blade 18, a male screw portion 52 b that is screwed into the screw hole 50, and a seat flange portion 66 a of the through hole 66. And a head 52c abutting on the head. Therefore, when the main body portion 52a is inserted into the through hole 66 and the male screw portion 52b is screwed into the screw hole 50, the head portion 52c presses the counter ridge portion 66a, and the bottom portion of the blade base 60 is the inner surface 30c of the mounting groove 30. Pressed against.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the movement preventing member 54 includes a base portion 70 attached to the rotor 16 and a protrusion 72 formed integrally with the base portion 70. The base portion 70 is a block-like member (that is, a hit block) against which the base end surface 60 c of the blade base 60 is pressed, and a substantially semi-cylindrical fitting portion 74 fitted into the receiving hole 58, and the surface of the rotor 16. And a substantially semi-conical protruding portion 76 protruding therefrom.

  The fitting portion 74 receives a part of the force acting on the rotary blade 18 from the object to be crushed 12, thereby preventing the rotary blade 18 from moving in the length direction, and the entire movement prevention member 54 from the rotor 16. The side surface 74a of the fitting portion 74 facing the inner surface 58a of the receiving hole 58 is curved so as to be in contact with the inner surface 58a. The bottom surface 74b is formed flat so as to be in contact with the bottom surface 58b of the receiving hole 58. Further, the side surface 74c facing the base end surface 60c of the rotary blade 18 (the blade base 60) in the fitting portion 74 is formed flat so as to be able to contact the base end surface 60c.

  The protrusion 76 receives a part of the force acting on the rotary blade 18 from the object to be crushed 12 and prevents the rotary blade 18 from moving in the length direction. The side surface 76a facing the base end surface 60c of the blade base 60) is formed flat so as to be in contact with the base end surface 60c. Further, the side surface 76a has a size that does not protrude from the base end surface 60c, and is formed in a substantially trapezoidal shape. A substantially cylindrical protrusion 72 that is fitted into the recess 64a is formed across the side surface 74c of the fitting portion 74 and the side surface 76a of the protruding portion 76.

  The protrusion 72 is a portion with which the inner surface of the recess 64 a that is a part of the contact portion 64 comes into contact when the rotary blade 18 is about to rotate about the bolt 52. And the size is designed so that the contact with the side face 74c and 76a of the movement preventing member 54 and the base end face 60c of the rotary blade 18 (the blade base 60) can be fitted with the recess 64a. Yes. In this embodiment, the shape of the protrusion 72 is designed in a columnar shape that fits into the circular recess 64a, and the outer diameter of the protrusion 72 is designed to be slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the recess 64a. The length of 72 is designed to be slightly shorter than the depth of the recess 64a.

  In the present embodiment, the contact portion 64 of the rotary blade 18 has a recess 64a that is recessed from the base end surface 60c of the blade base 60, and the protrusion 72 that the movement preventing member 54 is fitted to the recess 64a is provided. On the contrary, the contact portion 64 of the rotary blade 18 has a protrusion protruding from the base end surface 60c of the blade base 60, and the movement blocking member 54 is fitted to the protrusion. You may have a recessed part. Further, the shape and size of the protrusion 72 may be appropriately changed along with the change in the shape and size of the recess 64a.

  Further, in this embodiment, the blade base 60 of the rotary blade 18 is formed in a substantially regular quadrangular prism shape, but the shape of the blade base 60 is not particularly limited as long as it can be mounted in the mounting groove 30. It may be cylindrical, pentagonal, hexagonal, etc. And if it is a shape where a corner | angular part does not protrude toward the bottom part of the attachment groove | channel 30 like a pentagonal column shape or a column shape, in order to prevent the said corner | angular part interfering with the said bottom part, as shown in FIG. The groove 56 may be omitted.

  The shape of the mounting groove 30 is not particularly limited as long as the groove width gradually increases from the groove bottom 30a toward the groove opening 30b, and is appropriately changed according to the shape of the blade base 60 and the like. May be. For example, if the shape of the blade base 60 is a polygonal column shape other than a substantially regular quadrangular columnar shape, the angle formed by the two inner side surfaces 30c of the substantially V-shaped mounting groove 30 may be changed to an angle corresponding to the polygonal column shape. Alternatively, if the shape of the blade base 60 is substantially cylindrical, the attachment groove 30 may be formed in a substantially semicircular shape.

  Furthermore, in this embodiment, while the part which receives the fitting part 74 of the accommodation hole 58 is formed in planar view substantially semicircle, the fitting part 74 is formed in the substantially semi-columnar shape, but these shapes are, For example, the portion that receives the fitting portion 74 may be formed in a substantially square shape in plan view, and the fitting portion 74 may be formed in a substantially quadrangular prism shape.

[Mounting method of rotary blade for crusher]
Next, a method for attaching the rotary blade 18 will be described with reference to FIG. When attaching the rotary blade 18 to the surface of the rotor 16, first, an attachment groove 30 for attaching the rotary blade 18 to the surface of the rotor 16 and a groove 56 that accommodates a corner of the rotary blade 18 (blade base 60). And the accommodation hole 58 for attaching the movement prevention member 54 is processed using an end mill or the like, and the screw hole 50 for fixing the bolt 52 is processed using a drill or the like. In addition, although the processing method and processing procedure of these elements are not specifically limited, it is desirable to process the accommodation hole 58 at once using an end mill having a diameter substantially the same as the diameter of the accommodation hole 58. Since the shape of the receiving hole 58 in a plan view is circular and the diameter of the receiving hole 58 is constant over the entire length in the depth direction, it is efficient to process at once using an end mill, which is advantageous in terms of cost. It is.

  When the processing of the rotor 16 is completed, the movement preventing member 54 is attached to the rotor 16. That is, the fitting portion 74 of the movement preventing member 54 is fitted into the receiving hole 58, and the outer peripheral portion of the fitting portion 74 and the inner peripheral portion of the receiving hole 58 are joined by “brazing” or the like.

  Then, the rotary blade 18 is attached to the attachment groove 30. That is, the bottom part of the blade base 60 of the rotary blade 18 is brought into contact with the inner side surface 30c of the mounting groove 30, and the concave part 64a of the contact part 64 is fitted to the protrusion 72 of the movement preventing member 54 so that the through hole 66 is formed in the rotor. 16 is positioned with respect to the screw hole 50 formed in 16. Thereafter, the bolt 52 is inserted into the through hole 66, and the male screw portion 52 b of the bolt 52 is screwed into the screw hole 50. Then, the head portion 52 c of the bolt 52 is pressed against the seat flange portion 66 a, whereby the bottom portion of the blade base 60 is brought into close contact with the inner side surface 30 c of the mounting groove 30.

  As a method for joining the movement preventing member 54 to the accommodation hole 58, a detachable joining method using a joining member such as a bolt may be employed.

[Operation of uniaxial crusher]
Next, the operation of the uniaxial crusher 10 will be described with reference to FIGS. When crushing the material 12 to be crushed using the uniaxial crusher 10, the rotor 16 is rotated by a drive motor, and the material 12 to be crushed is put into the accommodation space S from the hopper 22. This is supplied to the crushing region Q by pushing with the pusher 24. Then, the object to be crushed 12 is crushed by a shearing force between the plurality of rotary blades 18 attached to the surface of the rotor 16 and the fixed blade 20, and the crushed pieces q of the crushed object 12 are fixed to the fixed blade 20. It is dropped onto the screen 34 through the gap. When the crushed piece q is smaller than the hole formed in the screen 34, the crushed piece q falls through the hole onto the conveying device and is sent to the next step by the conveying device. On the other hand, when the crushed piece q is larger than the hole formed in the screen 34, the crushed piece q stays between the rotor 16 and the screen 34, so that it is pushed by the rotary blade 18 and returned into the accommodation space S. .

  As shown in FIG. 4A, when crushing in the crushing region Q, forces are applied from various directions to the rotary blade 18 from the object 12 to be crushed and rotated by forces N1 and N2 (straight arrows) in an oblique direction. Although the blade 18 is about to be rotated about the bolt 52, in this embodiment, the concave portion 64a of the contact portion 64 and the projection 72 of the movement preventing member 54 are fitted, and therefore the inner surface of the concave portion 64a. The abutting against the protrusion 72 prevents the rotary blade 18 from moving. Therefore, although the shape of the mounting groove 30 is “a shape in which the groove width gradually increases from the groove bottom 30a toward the groove opening 30b (substantially V-shaped in the present embodiment)”, the rotary blade 18 has the inner side surface 30c. It is possible to prevent the bolt 52 from being broken, and it is possible to prevent the position of the rotary blade 18 from being greatly displaced. Further, since the through-hole 66 is formed to extend diagonally at the center in the length direction of the blade base 60, the tip of the rotary blade 18 (the blade base 60) can have sufficient strength. It is possible to prevent the rotary blade 18 from being damaged by the force acting on the rotary blade 18 from the object 12 to be crushed.

  Here, as a mode of preventing the movement of the rotary blade 18, the movement of the rotary blade 18 is prevented by preventing the contact portion 64 from moving in the direction from the groove bottom 30 a side to the groove port 30 b side of the mounting groove 30. In this embodiment, it is conceivable to prevent the movement of the rotary blade 18 by preventing the contact portion 64 from moving in the circumferential direction of the bolt 52. Both of these aspects can be realized by the fitting structure with the portion 72, and the movement of the rotary blade 18 can be reliably prevented.

  That is, when the contact portion 64 of the rotary blade 18 is about to move in the direction from the groove bottom 30a side to the groove port 30b side of the mounting groove 30, the inner peripheral surface of the recess 64a is opposite to the groove bottom 30a side. The portion directed to the side is brought into contact with the portion (that is, the pressing surface) 78 (FIG. 3) facing the groove bottom 30 a side of the outer peripheral surface of the protrusion 72, and the movement of the rotary blade 18 is prevented. Further, when the contact portion 64 of the rotary blade 18 is about to move (turn) in the circumferential direction of the bolt 52, the portion of the inner peripheral surface of the recess 64a that faces in the direction orthogonal to the bolt 52 is The protrusion 72 is brought into contact with a portion (that is, a rotation prevention surface) 80 (FIG. 3) facing in a direction orthogonal to the bolt 52 on the outer peripheral surface of the protrusion 72, thereby preventing the rotary blade 18 from moving.

(Second Embodiment)
In the crusher rotary blade mounting structure 90 according to the second embodiment shown in FIGS. 6A and 6B, the base end portion of the blade base 94 constituting the rotary blade 92 is a contact portion 96. The contact portion 96 has a stepped protrusion 98. On the other hand, the movement blocking member 100 as the “movement blocking portion” has a block-shaped base portion 101, and a stepped protrusion 102 is formed on the base 101, and a groove bottom 30 a in the protrusion 102 is formed. The surface 102a facing toward the side is a “pressing surface” with which the surface facing the side opposite to the groove bottom 30a side of the protrusion 98 abuts. Therefore, in the attachment structure 90, the movement of the rotary blade 92 can be prevented by preventing the pressing portion 102a from moving the contact portion 96 in the direction from the groove bottom 30a side to the groove port 30b side.

(Third embodiment)
In the crusher rotary blade mounting structure 110 according to the third embodiment shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B, the base end portion of the blade base 114 constituting the rotary blade 112 is a contact portion 116. The abutting portion 116 has a locking surface 116a formed so as to be inclined away from the bolt 52 toward the groove bottom 30a. On the other hand, the movement blocking member 118 as the “movement blocking section” has a block-shaped base 119, and the base 119 has a pressing surface 118 a that is inclined so as to be separated from the bolt 52 toward the groove bottom 30 a side. Is formed. Therefore, in the mounting structure 110, the movement of the rotary blade 112 can be prevented by preventing the pressing portion 118a from moving the contact portion 116 in the direction from the groove bottom 30a side toward the groove port 30b side.

(Fourth embodiment)
In the crusher rotary blade mounting structure 120 according to the fourth embodiment shown in FIGS. 8A and 8B, the base end portion of the blade base 124 constituting the rotary blade 122 is a contact portion 126. The abutting portion 126 has a pin insertion hole 128 formed in the proximal end surface 124a of the blade base 124. On the other hand, the movement blocking member 130 as the “movement blocking section” has a block-shaped base portion 132 and a pin 134. A pin 134 is inserted into a through-hole 132 a formed in the base portion 132, and a tip end portion of the pin 134 is inserted into the pin insertion hole 128. That is, in the mounting structure 120, the portion 134a of the outer peripheral surface of the pin 134 facing the groove bottom 30a is a “pressing surface”, and the direction orthogonal to the bolt 52 on the outer peripheral surface of the pin 134 A portion 134b facing the “rotation preventing surface” is formed. Accordingly, in the mounting structure 120, the contact surface 126a prevents the contact portion 126 from moving in the direction from the groove bottom 30a side to the groove opening 30b side, and the contact portion 126 moves (rotates) in the circumferential direction of the bolt 52. The movement of the rotary blade 122 can be prevented by preventing the rotation of the rotating blade 122 by the rotation preventing surface 134b.

(Fifth embodiment)
In the crusher rotary blade mounting structure 140 according to the fifth embodiment shown in FIG. 9, the base end portion of the blade base 144 constituting the rotary blade 142 is a contact portion 146, and the contact portion 146 is the contact portion 146. And a substantially semi-cylindrical fitting portion 150 fitted into the receiving hole 148 and a substantially semi-conical protruding portion 152 protruding from the surface of the rotor 16. On the other hand, the movement preventing portion 154 has an inner peripheral portion 156 of a circular receiving hole 148 machined on the surface of the rotor 16, and an inner surface 148 a of the receiving hole 148 is a “rotation preventing surface”. Therefore, in the attachment structure 140, the movement of the rotary blade 142 can be prevented by preventing the rotation of the contact portion 146 in the circumferential direction of the bolt 52 by the rotation prevention surface 148a.

(Sixth embodiment)
In the crusher rotary blade mounting structure 160 according to the sixth embodiment shown in FIG. 10, the base end portion of the blade base 164 constituting the rotary blade 162 serves as a contact portion 166, and the contact portion 166 includes the contact portion 166. And a fitting part 170 having a substantially semi-conical shape fitted into the receiving hole 168 and a substantially semi-conical protruding part 172 protruding from the surface of the rotor 16. And at least one part of the outer surface of the fitting part 170 becomes the latching | locking surface 170a formed inclining so that it might separate from the volt | bolt 52 as it goes to the groove bottom 30a side. On the other hand, the movement preventing portion 174 has an inner peripheral portion 176 of a circular receiving hole 168 machined on the surface of the rotor 16, and the inner surface 168a of the receiving hole 168 extends from the bolt 52 toward the groove bottom 30a side. The inner surface 168a is a “pressing surface” and a “rotation preventing surface”. Therefore, in the mounting structure 160, the contact portion 166 is prevented from moving in the direction from the groove bottom 30 a side toward the groove opening 30 b side by the inner surface 168 a as a “pressing surface”, and the contact portion in the circumferential direction of the bolt 52. The movement of the rotary blade 162 can be prevented by preventing the movement (turning) of the 166 by the inner surface 168a as a “rotation preventing surface”.
(Seventh embodiment)
The crusher rotary blade attachment structure 180 according to the seventh embodiment shown in FIGS. 11 to 13 includes an attachment groove 182 formed on the surface of the rotor 16, a rotary blade 184 attached to the attachment groove 182 and a rotor. 16, a bolt 188 for fixing the rotary blade 184 to the mounting groove 182, and a movement blocking member 190 as a “movement blocking section” for blocking the movement of the rotary blade 184.

  As shown in FIG. 11, the mounting groove 182 is a substantially V-shaped groove similar to the mounting groove 30 (FIG. 3), and a groove 192 that accommodates a corner of the rotary blade 184 is formed at the bottom of the mounting groove 182. Is formed. A substantially V-shaped recess 194 into which the fitting portion 210 of the movement preventing member 190 is fitted is formed behind the base end portion 182d of the mounting groove 182 so as to be recessed from the inner side surface 182c of the mounting groove 182. A groove 193 that accommodates the lower portion of the fitting portion 210 is formed continuously with the groove 192 at the bottom of the recess 194. A step 195 is formed at the boundary between the recess 194 and the mounting groove 182. And the area | region located above the recessed part 194 becomes the accommodation space U which accommodates the fitting part 210, and it is a groove | channel 198 (FIG. 13 (B) in the upper end edge of the rear wall 196 which prescribes | regulates the accommodation space U. An inclined surface 198a constituting)) is formed.

  As shown in FIG. 12, the rotary blade 184 includes a blade base 200, a blade portion 202 provided at the distal end portion of the blade base 200, and a contact portion 204 provided at the proximal end portion of the blade base 200. is doing. The blade base 200 is a substantially square columnar member, and a through-hole 206 extending in a diagonal direction is formed at the center in the length direction of the blade base 200. A first counterbore 208 a is formed at one end 206 a of the through hole 206, and a second counterbore 208 b is formed at the other end 206 b of the through hole 206. That is, in the blade base 200, the “first state (FIG. 12)” in which one end portion 206a of the through hole 206 faces the screw hole 186 and the “first state” in which the other end portion 206b of the through hole 206 faces the screw hole 186. 2 state (not shown) ”can be selectively taken, and in any state, the rotary blade 184 can be fixed to the rotor 16 with a bolt 188.

  As shown in FIG. 11, the blade portion 202 is formed in a substantially square shape so as to cover the entire tip surface of the blade base 200, and one end portion of the blade portion 202 in the direction parallel to the through hole 206 is It becomes the 1st part 202a which crushes the to-be-crushed object 12 between the fixed blades 20 (FIG. 2) when the blade base 200 takes "the 1st state", The other end part of the blade part 202 is When the blade base 200 is in the “second state”, the second portion 202b that crushes the object 12 to be crushed with the fixed blade 20 (FIG. 2). As shown in FIG. 12, the contact portion 204 includes a first locking surface 204 a that is inclined so as to be separated from the bolt 188 toward the groove bottom 182 a when the blade base 200 is in the “first state”. The blade base 200 has a second locking surface 204b that is inclined so as to be separated from the bolt 188 toward the groove bottom 182a when the blade base 200 is in the “second state”. And the diagonal line orthogonal to the through-hole 206 in the base end surface of the blade base 200 is a boundary of the 1st locking surface 204a and the 2nd locking surface 204b.

  As shown in FIGS. 13A to 13C, the movement preventing member 190 includes a fitting part 210 fixed to the rotor 16 and a protruding part 212 formed integrally with the fitting part 210. . As shown in FIG. 12, the fitting portion 210 includes a substantially V-shaped first contact surface 210 a that contacts the inner surface 194 a of the recess 194 and a substantially V-shaped second contact that contacts the inner surface 182 c of the mounting groove 182. A step portion 215 that is engaged with the step 195 is formed at the boundary between the first contact surface 210a and the second contact surface 210b. In addition, a flat surface 210c that faces the bottom surface 193a of the groove 193 is formed on the lower surface of the center portion in the width direction of the fitting portion 210, and the lower surface of the rear portion of the fitting portion 210 is separated from the bolt 188. An inclined surface 210d that is inclined so as to be separated from the bottom surface 193a is formed, and the interference of the fitting portion 210 with the rotor 16 is prevented by these. On the other hand, the protruding portion 212 is a quadrangular frustum-shaped portion protruding from the surface of the rotor 16, and the first locking surface 204 a and the second locking surface are provided on the side surface of the protruding portion 212 located on the blade base 200 side. A pressing surface 212a with which 204b is selectively abutted is formed so as to be inclined away from the bolt 188 toward the groove bottom 182a side. When the movement preventing member 190 is fixed to the rotor 16, the fitting portion 210 is fitted into the recess 194 with the step 215 of the movement preventing member 190 locked to the step 195 of the rotor 16. The movement preventing member 190 is welded to the rotor 16 at the groove 198 (FIG. 13B).

  According to the seventh embodiment, even when the first portion 202a of the blade portion 202 is worn, the second portion 202b can be used by mounting the rotary blade 184 in the reverse direction. Can be extended, and the replacement cycle of the rotary blade 184 can be lengthened to reduce the cost.

  In addition, the shape of the blade base 200 in the rotary blade 184 is not specifically limited, For example, cylindrical shape, hexagonal column shape, etc. may be sufficient. Moreover, the blade part 202 should just have the 1st part 202a and the 2nd part 202b at least, The shape may be changed suitably and the 1st part 202a and the 2nd part 202b are mutually independent. May be provided. Furthermore, the contact part 204 and the movement blocking member 190 may be configured so as to be able to block the movement of the rotary blade 184 in both the “first state” and the “second state”, and their shapes are appropriately set. It may be changed.

  INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can be used in a step of crushing waste such as waste wood, waste plastic, and waste paper when recycling the waste as boiler fuel or agricultural material.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Uniaxial crusher 12 ... Object to be crushed 14 ... Casing 16 ... Rotor 18 ... Rotary blade 20 ... Fixed blade 22 ... Hopper 24 ... Pusher 26 ... Rotor main body 28 ... Rotary shaft 30a ... Groove bottom 30b ... Groove port 32 ... For crusher Rotating blade mounting structure 50 ... Screw hole 52 ... Bolt 54 ... Movement blocking portion 56 ... Groove 58 ... Housing hole 60 ... Blade base 62 ... Blade portion 64 ... Abutting portion 66 ... Through hole 70 ... Base 72 ... Projection 74 ... Fitting part 76 ... Projection part 90, 110, 120, 140, 160, 180 ... Mounting structure 128 for rotary blade for crusher ... Pin insertion hole 134 ... Pin

Claims (8)

A mounting groove formed on the surface of the rotor arranged close to the fixed blade so as to extend in a direction orthogonal to the rotation axis of the rotor and gradually increase the groove width from the groove bottom to the groove opening. When,
A blade base arranged in contact with the inner surface of the mounting groove, and a through-hole formed in a portion of the blade base that is located at the center in the width direction of the mounting groove extending in the depth direction of the mounting groove. A blade portion that is provided at one end of the blade base in a direction orthogonal to the rotation axis, and that crushes the object to be crushed with the fixed blade, and is orthogonal to the rotation axis of the blade base. A rotary blade having a contact portion provided at the other end portion in the direction of
A screw hole formed in the rotor so as to communicate with the through hole;
A bolt inserted into the through hole and screwed into the screw hole;
A pressing surface provided on the rotor, the surface facing the opposite side of the groove bottom side of the contact portion when the rotary blade is about to rotate about the bolt; A movement blocking unit for blocking the movement of the rotary blade,
The contact portion has a locking surface formed to be inclined so as to be separated from the bolt toward the groove bottom side,
The pressing surface is formed so as to be inclined away from the bolt toward the groove bottom side,
A crusher rotary blade mounting structure in which the locking surface is in contact with the presser surface . The said movement prevention part has a rotation prevention surface with which the said contact part contact | abuts from the circumferential direction of the said bolt, when the said rotary blade tries to rotate centering | focusing on the said bolt. The mounting structure of the rotary blade for crushers of 1 . The movement preventing part has an inner peripheral part of a circular accommodation hole formed on the surface of the rotor,
The contact portion has a fitting portion to be fitted into the accommodation hole,
The attachment structure of the rotary blade for crushers according to claim 2 , wherein an inner surface of the accommodation hole is the rotation prevention surface. The movement preventing part has a block-shaped base portion attached to the rotor mounting structure of the crusher rotary blade according to claim 1. The attachment structure for a rotary blade for a crusher according to claim 1 , wherein the movement prevention unit is configured by processing a part of the rotor. The blade base is formed in a substantially quadrangular prism shape extending in the same direction as the mounting groove,
The through hole is formed to extend in a diagonal direction of the blade base,
The blade base is configured to selectively take a first state in which one end portion of the through hole opposes the screw hole and a second state in which the other end portion of the through hole opposes the screw hole. Has been
The blade portion includes a first portion for crushing an object to be crushed with the fixed blade when the blade blade is in the first state, and the blade blade when the blade blade is in the second state. The attachment structure of the rotary blade for crushers according to claim 1 , further comprising a second portion for crushing an object to be crushed with a fixed blade. The contact portion includes a first locking surface that is inclined so as to be separated from the bolt toward the groove bottom when the blade base is in the first state, and the blade base is in the second state. A second locking surface that inclines so as to move away from the bolt toward the groove bottom when taking
The pressing surface is formed so as to be inclined away from the bolt toward the groove bottom side so that the first locking surface and the second locking surface are selectively brought into contact with each other. The mounting structure of the rotary blade for crushers according to claim 6 . A rotor that is rotated by one rotating shaft;
A fixed blade disposed in proximity to the rotor;
In a uniaxial crusher comprising a plurality of rotary blades attached to the surface of the rotor,
The uniaxial crusher using the attachment structure of the rotary blade for crushers in any one of Claims 1 thru | or 7 as an attachment structure of the said rotary blade with respect to the said rotor.

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