JP4863134B2

JP4863134B2 - Automatic voltage regulator

Info

Publication number: JP4863134B2
Application number: JP2005357488A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 良馬名倉; 丈之矢葺; 良輔末長; 浩和鐵
Original assignee: 西芝電機株式会社
Priority date: 2005-12-12
Filing date: 2005-12-12
Publication date: 2012-01-25
Anticipated expiration: 2025-12-12
Also published as: JP2007166728A

Description

本発明は、同期発電機またはブラシレス同期発電機の電圧を所望の電圧に制御する自動電圧調整装置に関する。 The present invention relates to an automatic voltage regulator for controlling a voltage of the synchronous generator or brushless synchronous generator to a desired voltage.

従来の同期発電機またはブラシレス同期発電機の自動電圧調整器、特に２重化して使用する自動電圧調整器は、例えば特許文献１あるいは特許文献２に開示されている。
従来の同期発電機またはブラシレス同期発電機の自動電圧調整器を図３を参照して説明する。 Conventional automatic voltage regulators for synchronous generators or brushless synchronous generators, particularly, automatic voltage regulators that are used in duplicate are disclosed in, for example, Patent Document 1 or Patent Document 2.
A conventional automatic generator or automatic voltage regulator of a brushless synchronous generator will be described with reference to FIG.

同図において、１はブラシレス同期発電機（以下、発電機と略す）、２は交流電源、３，４は開閉器、５，６は変圧器、１００，１０１は自動電圧調整器、１１２は自動追従器である。自動電圧調整器１００は、電圧検出器９と電圧設定器１１と増幅器１０４とＰＩ増幅器１１０と位相制御器１５と整流器１７を主たる構成要素としており、１０２は減算器、１０６は開閉器、１０８は加算器、１１６は開閉器を示す。同様に、自動電圧調整器１０１は、電圧検出器１０と電圧設定器１２と増幅器１０５とＰＩ増幅器１１１と位相制御器１６と整流器１８を主たる構成要素としており、１０３は減算器、１０７は開閉器、１０９は加算器、１１７は開閉器を示す。また、自動追従器１１２は減算器１１３と増幅器１１４と反転増幅器１１５から構成されている。 In the figure, 1 is a brushless synchronous generator (hereinafter abbreviated as generator), 2 is an AC power supply, 3 and 4 are switches, 5 and 6 are transformers, 100 and 101 are automatic voltage regulators, and 112 is automatic. It is a follower. The automatic voltage regulator 100 is mainly composed of a voltage detector 9, a voltage setting device 11, an amplifier 104, a PI amplifier 110, a phase controller 15 and a rectifier 17, 102 is a subtractor, 106 is a switch, and 108 is An adder 116 indicates a switch. Similarly, the automatic voltage regulator 101 mainly includes a voltage detector 10, a voltage setter 12, an amplifier 105, a PI amplifier 111, a phase controller 16 and a rectifier 18, 103 is a subtractor, and 107 is a switch. , 109 is an adder, and 117 is a switch. The automatic follower 112 includes a subtractor 113, an amplifier 114, and an inverting amplifier 115.

また、自動電圧調整器１００と自動電圧調整器１０１はどちらか一方が通常運転され、他方は待機運転される。通常運転時は、開閉器１０６，１０７，１１６，１１７は開、開閉器３，４は閉となる。 One of the automatic voltage regulator 100 and the automatic voltage regulator 101 is normally operated, and the other is standby. During normal operation, the switches 106, 107, 116, 117 are open, and the switches 3, 4 are closed.

次に、自動電圧調整器１００の構成要素の作用について説明すると、電圧検出器９は変圧器５を介して発電機１の出力電圧を検出し、電圧検出信号ｂを出力する。電圧設定器１１は入力される電圧増減信号ｃに基づいて発電機の電圧を所望の電圧に制御するための電圧設定信号ｄを出力する。減算器１０２は電圧設定信号ｄから電圧検出信号ｂを減じた誤差信号を出力する。増幅器１０４は誤差信号を増幅し、開閉器１０６を介して電圧設定器１１に電圧増減信号ｃを出力する。加算器１０８は誤差信号と開閉器１１６を介して入力される自動追従器１１２からの信号を加算して出力する。ＰＩ増幅器１１０は加算器１０８の出力信号を比例・積分演算増幅し、界磁制御信号ｆを出力する。位相制御器１５は界磁制御信号ｆに基づいて整流器１７へ位相制御信号ｈを出力する。整流器１７は交流電源２の交流電圧を整流するとともに位相制御信号ｈに基づいて出力電圧を調節する。整流器１７の出力電圧は開閉器３が閉じていれば発電機１の界磁巻線に印加される。 Next, the operation of the components of the automatic voltage regulator 100 will be described. The voltage detector 9 detects the output voltage of the generator 1 through the transformer 5 and outputs a voltage detection signal b. The voltage setting unit 11 outputs a voltage setting signal d for controlling the voltage of the generator to a desired voltage based on the input voltage increase / decrease signal c. The subtracter 102 outputs an error signal obtained by subtracting the voltage detection signal b from the voltage setting signal d. The amplifier 104 amplifies the error signal and outputs a voltage increase / decrease signal c to the voltage setter 11 via the switch 106. The adder 108 adds the error signal and the signal from the automatic follower 112 input via the switch 116 and outputs the result. The PI amplifier 110 amplifies the output signal of the adder 108 by proportional / integral calculation and outputs a field control signal f. The phase controller 15 outputs a phase control signal h to the rectifier 17 based on the field control signal f. The rectifier 17 rectifies the AC voltage of the AC power supply 2 and adjusts the output voltage based on the phase control signal h. The output voltage of the rectifier 17 is applied to the field winding of the generator 1 if the switch 3 is closed.

自動追従器１１２は、減算器１１３が自動電圧調整器１０１の界磁制御信号ｆ’から自動電圧調整器１００の界磁制御信号ｆを減じて出力し、増幅器１１４は減算器１１３の出力信号を増幅し、自動電圧調整器１００の開閉器１１６を介して加算器１０８へ出力する。反転増幅器１１５は増幅器１１４の出力信号を反転増幅して自動電圧調整器１０１の開閉器１１７を介して加算器１０９へ入力する。
なお、自動電圧調整器１０１の構成要素は自動電圧調整器１００と同一であるので、自動電圧調整器１００と同様な機能を奏する。 In the automatic follower 112, the subtractor 113 subtracts the field control signal f of the automatic voltage regulator 100 from the field control signal f ′ of the automatic voltage regulator 101 and outputs it. The amplifier 114 amplifies the output signal of the subtractor 113, and automatically The voltage is output to the adder 108 via the switch 116 of the voltage regulator 100. The inverting amplifier 115 inverts and amplifies the output signal of the amplifier 114 and inputs it to the adder 109 via the switch 117 of the automatic voltage regulator 101.
Since the components of the automatic voltage regulator 101 are the same as those of the automatic voltage regulator 100, the same function as the automatic voltage regulator 100 is achieved.

例えば、自動電圧調整器１００が通常運転され、自動電圧調整器１０１が待機運転されている場合、開閉器４，１０６，１１６は開、開閉器３，１０７，１１７は閉となる。開閉器３が閉であるため、発電機１の界磁巻線には整流器１７から界磁電圧が印加される。整流器１７の出力電圧は自動電圧調整器１００の位相制御器１５によって調節される。位相制御器１５に入力される界磁制御信号ｆは、減算器１０２が出力する誤差信号をＰＩ増幅器１１０によって増幅したフィードバック制御信号であるため、負荷の変化等により発電機１の出力電圧が変動した場合でも発電機電圧を電圧設定器１１で設定した所望の電圧に保つことができる。 For example, when the automatic voltage regulator 100 is normally operated and the automatic voltage regulator 101 is in standby operation, the switches 4, 106, 116 are opened and the switches 3, 107, 117 are closed. Since the switch 3 is closed, a field voltage is applied from the rectifier 17 to the field winding of the generator 1. The output voltage of the rectifier 17 is adjusted by the phase controller 15 of the automatic voltage regulator 100. Since the field control signal f input to the phase controller 15 is a feedback control signal obtained by amplifying the error signal output from the subtractor 102 by the PI amplifier 110, the output voltage of the generator 1 fluctuates due to a load change or the like. However, the generator voltage can be kept at a desired voltage set by the voltage setting unit 11.

一方、開閉器４は開であるため、自動電圧調整器１０１は発電機１の電圧を制御せず、開閉器１０７が閉であることにより電圧設定器１２の出力信号と電圧検出器１０の出力信号が一致するように働き、また開閉器１１７が閉であることにより自動電圧調整器１０１の界磁制御信号ｆ’が自動電圧調整器１００の界磁制御信号ｆに一致するように働く。従って、発電機１の出力電圧が一定に制御されていれば、自動電圧調整器１０１の誤差信号と界磁制御信号ｆ’は自動電圧調整器１００の誤差信号と界磁制御信号ｆにそれぞれ一致している。このような状態において、自動電圧調整器１００を通常運転から待機運転へ、自動電圧調整器１０１を待機運転から通常運転へ切替えるために、同時に開閉器１０６，１１６と開閉器４を閉じ、開閉器１０７，１１７と開閉器３を開いた場合、２台の自動電圧調整器の誤差信号と界磁制御信号が切替え前後において同じであるため、発電機電圧に特に大きな変動を引き起こさずに発電機電圧を制御する自動電圧調整器を切替えることができる。 On the other hand, since the switch 4 is open, the automatic voltage regulator 101 does not control the voltage of the generator 1, and when the switch 107 is closed, the output signal of the voltage setter 12 and the output of the voltage detector 10. The signal works to match, and the switch 117 is closed so that the field control signal f ′ of the automatic voltage regulator 101 matches the field control signal f of the automatic voltage regulator 100. Therefore, if the output voltage of the generator 1 is controlled to be constant, the error signal and the field control signal f 'of the automatic voltage regulator 101 coincide with the error signal and the field control signal f of the automatic voltage regulator 100, respectively. In such a state, in order to switch the automatic voltage regulator 100 from the normal operation to the standby operation and the automatic voltage regulator 101 from the standby operation to the normal operation, the switches 106 and 116 and the switch 4 are closed at the same time. When the switches 107 and 117 and the switch 3 are opened, the error signal and field control signal of the two automatic voltage regulators are the same before and after switching, so that the generator voltage can be controlled without causing any significant fluctuation in the generator voltage. The automatic voltage regulator to be switched can be switched.

図３に示す従来の自動電圧調整器では、２重化運転での待機運転時において、電圧設定信号は電圧検出信号と一致するように増幅器１０４，１０５の出力する電圧増減信号により調節される。しかし、一般に電圧設定器１１，１２は増信号または減信号に応じて積分動作をするものであり、減算器１０２，１０３の出力する誤差信号の変化に対して電圧設定器１１，１２の出力信号は遅れて変化する。従って、発電機電圧が変化している最中に待機運転から通常運転に切替える場合、電圧設定信号と電圧検出信号が一致しないまま切替えることになり、発電機電圧が一時的に変動し、負荷へ不安定な電圧を供給することになる。 In the conventional automatic voltage regulator shown in FIG. 3, during the standby operation in the duplex operation, the voltage setting signal is adjusted by the voltage increase / decrease signal output from the amplifiers 104 and 105 so as to coincide with the voltage detection signal. However, in general, the voltage setting units 11 and 12 perform an integration operation in response to an increase signal or a decrease signal, and the output signals of the voltage setting units 11 and 12 with respect to changes in the error signal output from the subtracters 102 and 103. Changes late. Therefore, when switching from standby operation to normal operation while the generator voltage is changing, the voltage setting signal and the voltage detection signal will be switched without matching, and the generator voltage will fluctuate temporarily to the load. An unstable voltage will be supplied.

同様に、自動追従器１１２と加算器１０８，１０９とＰＩ増幅器１１０，１１１によって通常運転中の自動電圧調整器の界磁制御信号に一致させられる。待機運転中の自動電圧調整器の界磁制御信号も、ＰＩ増幅器１１０，１１１を含むフィードバック制御によって調節されるため、一致するまでに時間を要する。従って、発電機電圧が変化している最中に待機運転から通常運転に切替える場合、界磁制御信号が運転中の界磁制御信号に一致しないままに切替えることになり、発電機電圧が一時的に変動し、負荷へ不安定な電圧を供給することになる。
特開平９−１２１５９９号公報特開平９−１０３０９９号公報 Similarly, the automatic follower 112, the adders 108 and 109, and the PI amplifiers 110 and 111 are matched with the field control signal of the automatic voltage regulator during normal operation. Since the field control signal of the automatic voltage regulator during standby operation is also adjusted by feedback control including the PI amplifiers 110 and 111, it takes time to match. Therefore, when switching from standby operation to normal operation while the generator voltage is changing, the field control signal will be switched without matching the operating field control signal, the generator voltage will fluctuate temporarily, An unstable voltage is supplied to the load.
JP-A-9-121599 JP-A-9-103099

本発明は上記状況に対処するためになされたもので、その課題は、待機運転中、発電機電圧が変化している最中でも、瞬時に電圧設定信号を電圧検出信号と一致させるとともに、界磁制御信号も通常運転中の自動電圧調整器の界磁制御信号に瞬時に一致させ、待機運転から通常運転に切替える際の発電機電圧の変動を抑制することが可能な自動電圧調整装置を提供することである。 The present invention has been made to cope with the above situation, and the problem is that the voltage setting signal is instantaneously matched with the voltage detection signal while the generator voltage is changing during standby operation, and the field control signal Another object of the present invention is to provide an automatic voltage regulator capable of instantaneously matching a field control signal of an automatic voltage regulator during normal operation and suppressing fluctuations in generator voltage when switching from standby operation to normal operation.

上記課題を解決するために、本発明の請求項１記載の発明は、交流電源の電圧を入力し位相制御信号に基づいた直流電圧を出力する整流器と、前記整流器の出力側と同期発電機またはブラシレス同期発電機の界磁巻線とを接続する回路を開閉する開閉器と、前記発電機の出力電圧を検出しその電圧に応じた電圧検出信号を出力する電圧検出器と、前記発電機の出力電圧を所望の電圧に制御するための電圧設定信号を出力する電圧設定器と、前記電圧設定信号から前記電圧検出信号を減じた誤差を演算増幅し、発電機の界磁制御信号を出力するマイクロコンピュータと、前記界磁制御信号に基づいて前記整流器へ前記位相制御信号を出力する位相制御器とからなる自動電圧調整器を２台設け、この２台の自動電圧調整器により発電機の自動電圧調整を２重化する自動電圧調整装置において、一方の自動電圧調整器のマイクロコンピュータから出力される界磁制御信号の量を伝送信号に変換して他方の自動電圧調整器のマイクロコンピュータへ出力する第１の信号変換器と、他方の自動電圧調整器のマイクロコンピュータから出力される界磁制御信号の量を伝送信号に変換して前記一方の自動電圧調整器のマイクロコンピュータへ出力する第２の信号変換器と、外部から与えられる運転切替信号によって前記一方の自動電圧調整器を通常運転に、他方の自動電圧調整器を待機運転に切り替える信号を、前記各自動電圧調整器のマイクロコンピュータへ出力するとともに通常運転側の自動電圧調整器の前記開閉器を閉とする開閉信号を出力する第３の信号変換器および待機運転側の自動電圧調整器の前記開閉器を開とする開閉信号を出力する第４の信号変換器とを設け、前記マイクロコンピュータは制御演算周期毎に繰り返しソフトウェアによって実装された制御演算アルゴリズムを実行処理し、前記ソフトウェアは、入力された値と前回の制御演算周期で自身が出力した値を加算して出力する第１の演算機能と、前記電圧設定信号の入力値から第１の演算機能の出力値を減ずる第１の減算機能と、前記第１の減算機能の出力値から電圧検出信号の入力値を減ずる第２の減算機能と、前記第２の減算機能の出力値あるいはゼロのどちらか一方を選択して前記第１の演算機能へ出力する第１の選択機能と、前記第２の減算機能の出力値あるいはゼロのどちらか一方を選択して出力する第２の選択機能と、前記第２の選択機能の出力値を入力し、微分演算した結果を出力する微分演算機能と、前記微分演算機能の出力値あるいはゼロのどちらか一方を選択して出力する第３の選択機能と、前記第２の選択機能の出力値を入力し、比例演算した結果を出力する比例演算機能と、前記第２の選択機能の出力値にゲインと制御演算周期時間を乗じて出力する増幅機能と、入力された値を保持すると同時に前回の制御演算周期に保持した値を出力する保持機能と、他方の自動電圧調整器の界磁制御信号の量を示す伝送信号の入力値から保持機能の出力値を減じて出力する第３の減算機能と、前記第３の減算機能の出力値あるいはゼロのどちらか一方を選択して出力する第４の選択機能と、前記増幅機能の出力値と第４の選択機能の出力値を加算する第１の加算機能と、前記第１の加算器の出力値と前回の制御演算周期での自身の出力値を加算して出力する第２の演算機能と、前記第３の選択機能と前記比例演算機能と前記第２の演算機能の各出力値を加算して界磁制御信号を出力するとともに前記保持器へ界磁制御信号値を出力する第２の加算機能とを備え、外部から与えられる運転切替信号の入力値で自動電圧調整器が通常運転側に切り替えられた場合は前記第１の選択機能と第４の選択機能はゼロを選択し、前記第２の選択機能は前記第２の減算機能を選択し、待機運転側に切り替えられた場合は第２の選択機能と第３の選択機能はゼロを選択し、前記第１の選択機能は前記第２の減算機能を選択して自動電圧調整器の電圧設定信号と電圧検出信号の誤差をゼロとなるように演算すると共に前記マイクロコンピュータから出力される界磁制御信号も通常運転中の界磁制御信号に一致させるよう制御演算を行うことを特徴とする。 In order to solve the above problems, the invention according to claim 1 of the present invention, the rectifier and the rectifier on the output side and the synchronous generator for outputting a DC voltage based on the voltage of the AC power supply to the input phase control signal or brushless and synchronous generator field winding and switches for opening and closing a circuit connecting a voltage detector which outputs a voltage detection signal corresponding to the voltage to detect the output voltage of the generator, before Symbol generator a voltage setter for outputting a voltage setting signal for controlling the output voltage of the machine to a desired voltage, the error obtained by subtracting the voltage detection signal from the voltage setting signal to the operational amplifier, and outputs the field control signals of the generator a microcomputer, the provided two automatic voltage regulator comprising a phase controller for outputting the phase control signal to the rectifier based on the field control signal, the automatic voltage of the generator by the two automatic voltage regulator In automatic voltage regulator for duplicating an integer, the output amount of the field control signal output from one of the microcomputer of the automatic voltage regulator to convert the transmission signal to the other automatic voltage regulator of the microcomputer 1 signal converter and a second signal output to the other side of the automatic voltage regulator to convert the amount of field control signal outputted from the microcomputer to the heat transmission signal of the one automatic voltage regulator of the microcomputer conversion And a signal for switching one of the automatic voltage regulators to normal operation and the other automatic voltage regulator to standby operation by an operation switching signal given from the outside to the microcomputer of each automatic voltage regulator A third signal converter for outputting an opening / closing signal for closing the switch of the automatic voltage regulator on the normal operation side and an automatic power supply on the standby operation side A fourth signal converter that outputs an opening / closing signal for opening the switch of the regulator, and the microcomputer repeatedly executes a control operation algorithm implemented by software every control operation period, and the software Includes a first calculation function for adding and outputting the input value and the value output by itself in the previous control calculation cycle, and a first calculation function for subtracting the output value of the first calculation function from the input value of the voltage setting signal. 1 subtraction function, a second subtraction function for subtracting the input value of the voltage detection signal from the output value of the first subtraction function, and an output value of the second subtraction function or zero is selected. A first selection function that outputs to the first calculation function; a second selection function that selects and outputs either the output value of the second subtraction function or zero; and the second selection function Output value And a differential calculation function for outputting the result of the differential calculation, a third selection function for selecting and outputting either the output value of the differential calculation function or zero, and an output of the second selection function A proportional calculation function for inputting a value and outputting a result of proportional calculation; an amplification function for multiplying the output value of the second selection function by a gain and a control calculation cycle time; and simultaneously holding the input value A holding function for outputting the value held in the previous control calculation cycle, and a third subtracting function for subtracting the output value of the holding function from the input value of the transmission signal indicating the amount of the field control signal of the other automatic voltage regulator and outputting it A fourth selection function for selecting and outputting either the output value of the third subtraction function or zero, and a first for adding the output value of the amplification function and the output value of the fourth selection function Addition function and the first addition Output values of the second calculation function, the output value of the control operation cycle of the previous time, and the output values of the third selection function, the proportional calculation function, and the second calculation function. And a second addition function that outputs a field control signal value to the retainer, and the automatic voltage regulator switches to the normal operation side by the input value of the operation switching signal given from the outside. The first selection function and the fourth selection function select zero, the second selection function selects the second subtraction function, and when switched to the standby operation side, the second selection function selects second. The selection function and the third selection function select zero, and the first selection function selects the second subtraction function so that the error between the voltage setting signal and the voltage detection signal of the automatic voltage regulator becomes zero. As well as the microcomputer And performing control operation as field control signal is also output to match the field control signal during normal operation.

本発明によれば、自動電圧調整器を２重化運転する際に、待機運転中の自動電圧調整器の制御演算状態を運転中の自動電圧調整器の制御演算状態に高速に一致させることができるため、発電機電圧が変動中に待機運転中の自動電圧調整器を通常運転に切替える場合においても、発電機電圧の変動を小さく抑えることができ、安定な発電機電圧制御を実現することができる。 According to the present invention, when the automatic voltage regulator is duplicated, the control calculation state of the automatic voltage regulator during standby operation can be made to coincide with the control calculation state of the automatic voltage regulator during operation at high speed. Therefore, even when the automatic voltage regulator in standby operation is switched to normal operation while the generator voltage fluctuates, fluctuations in the generator voltage can be kept small, and stable generator voltage control can be realized. it can.

以下、本発明を実施するための最良の形態を図を参照して説明する。
図１は、本発明の一実施例である自動電圧調整器を２台用い、一方の自動電圧調整器を通常運転、他方の自動電圧調整器を待機運転とした場合の構成図である。 The best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram when two automatic voltage regulators according to an embodiment of the present invention are used, one automatic voltage regulator is in normal operation, and the other automatic voltage regulator is in standby operation.

図１において、１はブラシレス同期発電機、２は交流電源、５，６は変圧器、７，８は自動電圧調整器、２５は反転増幅器である。また、一方の自動電圧調整器７は、開閉器３と電圧検出器９と電圧設定器１１と位相制御器１５と整流器１７とマイクロコンピュータ１３と信号変換器１９，２１，２３とから構成されており、他方の自動電圧調整器８は、開閉器４と電圧検出器１０と電圧設定器１２と位相制御器１６と整流器１８とマイクロコンピュータ１４と信号変換器２０，２２，２４とから構成されている。 In FIG. 1, 1 is a brushless synchronous generator, 2 is an AC power supply, 5 and 6 are transformers, 7 and 8 are automatic voltage regulators, and 25 is an inverting amplifier. One automatic voltage regulator 7 includes a switch 3, a voltage detector 9, a voltage setter 11, a phase controller 15, a rectifier 17, a microcomputer 13, and signal converters 19, 21, 23. The other automatic voltage regulator 8 includes a switch 4, a voltage detector 10, a voltage setter 12, a phase controller 16, a rectifier 18, a microcomputer 14, and signal converters 20, 22, and 24. Yes.

本実施例では２台の自動電圧調整器７と８を用いており、どちらか一方の自動電圧調整器が通常運転されると、他方の自動電圧調整器は待機運転される。通常運転をするか待機運転をするかは外部の操作系より信号変換器２３，２４に運転切替信号を入力することによって選択される。 In this embodiment, two automatic voltage regulators 7 and 8 are used, and when one of the automatic voltage regulators is normally operated, the other automatic voltage regulator is standby. Whether to perform normal operation or standby operation is selected by inputting an operation switching signal to the signal converters 23 and 24 from an external operation system.

一方の自動電圧調整器７には通常運転信号を入力し、他方の自動電圧調整器８には待機運転信号を入力する。例えば、運転切替信号ａの真が通常運転、偽が待機運転を示す場合は、真の運転切替信号ａが入力される自動電圧調整器７は通常運転を行い、運転切替信号ａが反転増幅器２５で反転され偽となって入力される自動電圧調整器８は待機運転を行う。運転切替信号は信号変換器２３，２４によって信号変換され、それぞれマイクロコンピュータ１３，１４に入力されるとともに、開閉器３，４へ開閉信号として入力される。開閉器３，４は運転切替信号が通常運転を示す場合は閉となり、待機運転を示す場合は開となる。２台の自動電圧調整器は、開閉器３と４の出力同士を接続することによって並列接続された後、発電機１の界磁巻線に接続される。 A normal operation signal is input to one automatic voltage regulator 7 and a standby operation signal is input to the other automatic voltage regulator 8. For example, when the operation switching signal a indicates normal operation and false indicates standby operation, the automatic voltage regulator 7 to which the true operation switching signal a is input performs normal operation, and the operation switching signal a is inverted amplifier 25. The automatic voltage regulator 8 that is inverted and input as false is in standby operation. The operation switching signal is converted into signals by the signal converters 23 and 24, and is input to the microcomputers 13 and 14, respectively, and is also input to the switches 3 and 4 as an opening / closing signal. The switches 3 and 4 are closed when the operation switching signal indicates normal operation, and are opened when the operation switching signal indicates standby operation. The two automatic voltage regulators are connected in parallel by connecting the outputs of the switches 3 and 4, and then connected to the field winding of the generator 1.

次に、自動電圧調整器７の構成要素の作用について説明する。
電圧検出器９は変圧器５を介して発電機１の出力電圧を検出し、電圧検出信号ｂを出力する。電圧設定器１１は入力される電圧増減信号ｃに基づいて発電機１の電圧を所望の電圧に制御するための電圧設定信号ｄを出力する。信号変換器１９は自動電圧調整器８の信号変換器２２の出力信号ｅを入力し、内部信号レベルに変換後、マイクロコンピュータ１３へ出力する。信号変換器２１はマイクロコンピュータ１３が出力する界磁制御信号（後述）を界磁制御信号の量を示す伝送信号ｇに変換して出力する。マイクロコンピュータ１３は、電圧検出信号ｂと電圧設定信号ｄと信号変換器２３の出力信号と信号変換器１９の出力信号に基づいてソフトウェアにより発電機１の電圧の制御演算処理を実行し、発電機電圧を電圧設定器１１で設定した所望の電圧に制御するための界磁制御信号ｆを出力する。位相制御器１５は界磁制御信号ｆに基づいて整流器１７へ位相制御信号ｈを出力する。整流器１７は交流電源２の電圧を整流するとともに位相制御信号ｈに基づいて出力電圧を調節する。整流器１７の出力電圧は開閉器３が閉じていれば発電機１の界磁巻線に印加される。 Next, the operation of the components of the automatic voltage regulator 7 will be described.
The voltage detector 9 detects the output voltage of the generator 1 via the transformer 5 and outputs a voltage detection signal b. The voltage setter 11 outputs a voltage setting signal d for controlling the voltage of the generator 1 to a desired voltage based on the input voltage increase / decrease signal c. The signal converter 19 receives the output signal e from the signal converter 22 of the automatic voltage regulator 8, converts it to an internal signal level, and outputs it to the microcomputer 13. The signal converter 21 converts a field control signal (described later) output from the microcomputer 13 into a transmission signal g indicating the amount of the field control signal and outputs it. The microcomputer 13 executes control calculation processing of the voltage of the generator 1 by software based on the voltage detection signal b, the voltage setting signal d, the output signal of the signal converter 23, and the output signal of the signal converter 19, and the generator A field control signal f for controlling the voltage to a desired voltage set by the voltage setting unit 11 is output. The phase controller 15 outputs a phase control signal h to the rectifier 17 based on the field control signal f. The rectifier 17 rectifies the voltage of the AC power supply 2 and adjusts the output voltage based on the phase control signal h. The output voltage of the rectifier 17 is applied to the field winding of the generator 1 if the switch 3 is closed.

また、マイクロコンピュータ１３，１４は、図２に示す制御演算アルゴリズムを制御演算周期毎に繰り返しソフトウェアによって実行する。同図において、５０，６３は演算機能、５１，５２，６０は減算機能、５３，５４，５６，６１は選択機能、５５は微分演算機能、５７は比例演算機能、５８は増幅機能、５９は保持機能、６２，６４は加算機能を示す。 Further, the microcomputers 13 and 14 repeatedly execute the control operation algorithm shown in FIG. 2 by software every control operation cycle. In the same figure, 50 and 63 are calculation functions, 51, 52 and 60 are subtraction functions, 53, 54, 56 and 61 are selection functions, 55 is a differential calculation function, 57 is a proportional calculation function, 58 is an amplification function, and 59 is Holding function 62 and 64 indicate an adding function.

演算機能５０は入力された値と前回の制御演算周期で自身が出力した値を加算した値を出力する。減算機能５１は電圧設定信号ｄの入力値から演算機能５０の出力値を減じて電圧目標値ｖを出力し、減算機能５２は電圧目標値ｖから電圧検出信号ｂの入力値を減じて出力し、選択機能５３は減算機能５２の出力値とゼロのどちらか一方を選択して演算機能５０へ出力し、選択機能５４は減算機能５２の出力値とゼロのどちらか一方を選択して出力し、微分演算機能５５は選択機能５４の出力値を微分演算して出力し、選択機能５６は微分演算機能の出力値とゼロのどちらか一方を選択して出力し、比例演算機能５７は選択機能５４の出力値を比例演算して出力し、増幅機能５８は選択機能５４の出力値にゲインと制御演算周期時間を乗じて出力し、保持機能５９は入力された値を保持すると同時に前回の制御演算周期に保持した値を出力し、減算機能６０は自動電圧調整器８の界磁制御信号の量を示す伝送信号ｅの入力値から保持機能５９の出力値を減じた値を出力し、選択機能６１は減算機能６０の出力値とゼロのどちらか一方を選択して出力し、加算器６２は増幅機能５８と選択機能６１の各出力値を加算して出力し、演算機能６３は加算器６２の出力値と前回の制御演算周期での自身の出力値とを加算して出力し、加算機能６４は選択機能５６と比例演算機能５７と演算機能６３の各出力値を加算して界磁制御信号ｆを出力するとともに前記保持機能５９へ界磁制御信号値を出力する。 The calculation function 50 outputs a value obtained by adding the input value and the value output by itself in the previous control calculation cycle. The subtraction function 51 subtracts the output value of the calculation function 50 from the input value of the voltage setting signal d and outputs the voltage target value v, and the subtraction function 52 subtracts the input value of the voltage detection signal b from the voltage target value v and outputs it. The selection function 53 selects either the output value of the subtraction function 52 or zero and outputs it to the calculation function 50, and the selection function 54 selects and outputs either the output value of the subtraction function 52 or zero. The differential calculation function 55 differentiates and outputs the output value of the selection function 54, the selection function 56 selects and outputs either the output value of the differential calculation function or zero, and the proportional calculation function 57 selects the function. The output value of 54 is proportionally calculated and output. The amplification function 58 multiplies the output value of the selection function 54 by the gain and the control calculation cycle time, and the holding function 59 holds the input value and at the same time the previous control. The value held in the calculation cycle is output. The subtraction function 60 outputs a value obtained by subtracting the output value of the holding function 59 from the input value of the transmission signal e indicating the amount of the field control signal of the automatic voltage regulator 8, and the selection function 61 sets the output value of the subtraction function 60 to zero. Either one is selected and output. The adder 62 adds and outputs the output values of the amplification function 58 and the selection function 61. The calculation function 63 outputs the output value of the adder 62 and the previous control calculation cycle. The addition function 64 adds the output values of the selection function 56, the proportional calculation function 57, and the calculation function 63 to output the field control signal f and outputs the field control signal f to the holding function 59. Output the value.

外部の操作系によって与えられる運転切替信号が通常運転を示す場合、選択機能５３，６１はゼロを選択し、選択機能５４は減算機能５２の出力値を選択し、選択機能５６は微分演算機能５５の出力値を選択してそれぞれ出力する。これらの作用より、自動電圧調整器は電圧検出値と電圧目標値の誤差をＰＩＤ制御演算し、界磁制御信号ｆを出力する。 When the operation switching signal given by the external operation system indicates normal operation, the selection functions 53 and 61 select zero, the selection function 54 selects the output value of the subtraction function 52, and the selection function 56 is the differential operation function 55. Output values are selected and output respectively. By these actions, the automatic voltage regulator performs PID control calculation on the error between the voltage detection value and the voltage target value, and outputs a field control signal f.

一方、外部の操作系によって与えられる運転切替信号が待機運転を示す場合、選択機能５４，５６はゼロを選択し、選択機能５３は減算機能５２の出力値を選択し、選択機能６１は演算機能６０の出力値を選択してそれぞれ出力する。待機運転中である場合、電圧目標値ｖと電圧検出値ｂの誤差は、選択機能５３と演算機能５０を介して次回の制御演算周期において電圧設定信号ｄの入力値から減算器５１で減じられる。この作用により、電圧検出信号ｂや電圧設定信号ｄが変化した場合でもマイクロコンピュータの次の制御演算周期には減算機能５１の出力する電圧目標値ｖは電圧検出値と一致させられる。また、待機運転中は選択機能５４と選択機能５６の出力値はゼロとなり、増幅機能５８の出力値もゼロとなるため、界磁制御信号ｆは演算機能６３の出力値と等しくなる。これにより、自動電圧調整器８の界磁制御信号の量ｅと保持機能５９が保持する前回の制御演算周期で演算された自動電圧調整器７の界磁制御信号の量の誤差は選択機能６１および加算機能６２を介して演算機能６３に出力される。演算機能６３は前回の制御演算周期で演算された界磁制御信号値と前記誤差を加算して出力するため、自動電圧調整器８の界磁制御信号が変化した場合でも自動電圧調整器７のマイクロコンピュータ１３の次の制御演算周期には演算機能６３の出力値は自動電圧調整器８の界磁制御信号の量と一致させることができる。 On the other hand, when the operation switching signal given by the external operation system indicates standby operation, the selection functions 54 and 56 select zero, the selection function 53 selects the output value of the subtraction function 52, and the selection function 61 calculates the calculation function. 60 output values are selected and output. In the standby operation, the error between the voltage target value v and the voltage detection value b is subtracted by the subtracter 51 from the input value of the voltage setting signal d through the selection function 53 and the calculation function 50 in the next control calculation cycle. . As a result, even when the voltage detection signal b or the voltage setting signal d changes, the voltage target value v output from the subtraction function 51 is made to coincide with the voltage detection value in the next control calculation cycle of the microcomputer. Further, during the standby operation, the output values of the selection function 54 and the selection function 56 are zero, and the output value of the amplification function 58 is also zero, so that the field control signal f is equal to the output value of the calculation function 63. As a result, the error e between the field control signal amount e of the automatic voltage regulator 8 and the field control signal amount of the automatic voltage regulator 7 calculated in the previous control calculation cycle held by the holding function 59 is the selection function 61 and the addition function 62. To the calculation function 63. Since the calculation function 63 adds and outputs the field control signal value calculated in the previous control calculation cycle and the error, even if the field control signal of the automatic voltage regulator 8 changes, the microcomputer 13 of the automatic voltage regulator 7 In the next control calculation cycle, the output value of the calculation function 63 can be matched with the amount of the field control signal of the automatic voltage regulator 8.

本実施例の自動電圧調整装置は上記したような構成であるので、待機運転中の自動電圧調整器の電圧目標値と電圧検出信号の入力値の誤差は高速にゼロとなるよう演算され、且つ、待機運転中の自動電圧調整器の界磁制御信号も通常運転中の自動電圧調整器の界磁制御信号と高速に一致させることが可能となる。 Since the automatic voltage regulator of the present embodiment is configured as described above, the error of the input value of the voltage target value and the voltage detection signal of the automatic voltage regulator waiting operation is calculated to be zero at high speed, and In addition, the field control signal of the automatic voltage regulator during standby operation can be matched with the field control signal of the automatic voltage regulator during normal operation at high speed.

本発明の一実施例である自動電圧調整器を２台用い、一方の自動電圧調整器を通常運転、他方の自動電圧調整器を待機運転とした場合の構成図。The block diagram when two automatic voltage regulators which are one Example of this invention are used, one automatic voltage regulator is set to normal operation, and the other automatic voltage regulator is set to standby operation. 図１のマイクロコンピュータ１３，１４の実行する制御演算アルゴリズムを説明するための図。The figure for demonstrating the control arithmetic algorithm which the microcomputers 13 and 14 of FIG. 1 perform. 従来の自動電圧調整器を２台用い、一方の自動電圧調整器を通常運転、他方の自動電圧調整器を待機運転とした場合の構成図。The block diagram when two conventional automatic voltage regulators are used, one automatic voltage regulator is in normal operation, and the other automatic voltage regulator is in standby operation.

Explanation of symbols

１…ブラシレス同期発電機、２…交流電源、３，４…開閉器、５，６…変圧器、７，８…本発明の自動電圧調整器、９，１０…電圧検出器、１１，１２…電圧設定器、１３，１４…マイクロコンピュータ、１５，１６…位相制御器、１７，１８…整流器、１９，２０，２１，２２，２３，２４…信号変換器、２５…反転増幅器、５０，６３…演算機能、５１，５２，６０…減算機能、５３，５４，５６，６１…選択機能、５５…微分演算機能、５７…比例演算機能、５８…増幅機能、５９…保持機能、６２，６４…加算機能、１００，１０１…従来の自動電圧調整器、１０２，１０３…減算器、１０４，１０５…増幅器、１０６，１０７，１１６，１１７…開閉器、１０８，１０９…加算器、１１０，１１１…ＰＩ増幅器、１１２…自動追従器、１１３…減算器、１１４…増幅器、１１５…反転増幅器。

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Brushless synchronous generator, 2 ... AC power supply, 3, 4 ... Switch, 5, 6 ... Transformer, 7, 8 ... Automatic voltage regulator of this invention, 9, 10 ... Voltage detector, 11, 12 ... Voltage setter, 13, 14 ... Microcomputer, 15, 16 ... Phase controller, 17, 18 ... Rectifier, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24 ... Signal converter, 25 ... Inverting amplifier, 50, 63 ... Calculation function, 51, 52, 60 ... Subtraction function, 53, 54, 56, 61 ... Selection function, 55 ... Differential calculation function, 57 ... Proportional calculation function, 58 ... Amplification function, 59 ... Holding function, 62, 64 ... Addition Functions: 100, 101: Conventional automatic voltage regulator, 102, 103: Subtractor, 104, 105: Amplifier, 106, 107, 116, 117: Switch, 108, 109: Adder, 110, 111: PI amplifier 112 ... Automatic tracking , 113 ... subtractor, 114 ... amplifier, 115 ... inverting amplifier.

Claims

A rectifier outputs a DC voltage based on the voltage of the AC power source input to the phase control signal,
A switch for opening and closing the circuit connecting the field winding of the output side and the synchronous generator or brushless synchronous generator of said rectifier,
A voltage detector that detects an output voltage of the generator and outputs a voltage detection signal corresponding to the voltage;
A voltage setter for outputting a voltage setting signal for controlling the output voltage of the pre-Symbol generator to a desired voltage,
A microcomputer the voltage error obtained by subtracting the voltage detection signal from the setting signal to the operational amplifier, and outputs the field control signals of the generator,
Two automatic voltage regulators comprising a phase controller that outputs the phase control signal to the rectifier based on the field control signal are provided, and the automatic voltage regulator of the generator is duplicated by the two automatic voltage regulators. In the automatic voltage regulator
A first signal converter that converts the amount of field control signal output from the microcomputer of one automatic voltage regulator into a transmission signal and outputs it to the microcomputer of the other automatic voltage regulator ;
A second signal converter output to the other side of the automatic voltage regulator to convert the amount of field control signal outputted from the microcomputer to the heat transmission signal of the one automatic voltage regulator of the microcomputer,
A signal for switching the one automatic voltage regulator to normal operation and the other automatic voltage regulator to standby operation by an operation switching signal given from the outside is output to the microcomputer of each automatic voltage regulator and the normal operation side A third signal converter for outputting an opening / closing signal for closing the switch of the automatic voltage regulator and a fourth signal for outputting an opening / closing signal for opening the switch of the automatic voltage regulator on the standby operation side. A converter,
The microcomputer repeatedly executes a control operation algorithm implemented by software every control operation cycle,
The software adds a value input by itself and a value output by itself in a previous control calculation cycle, and outputs an output value of the first calculation function from an input value of the voltage setting signal. Select either the first subtraction function to subtract, the second subtraction function to subtract the input value of the voltage detection signal from the output value of the first subtraction function, or the output value of the second subtraction function or zero A first selection function that outputs to the first calculation function, a second selection function that selects and outputs either the output value of the second subtraction function or zero, and the second A differential calculation function for inputting an output value of the selection function and outputting a result of the differential calculation; a third selection function for selecting and outputting either the output value of the differential calculation function or zero; and the second Input the output value of the selection function of A proportional calculation function that outputs the result, an amplification function that outputs the output value of the second selection function multiplied by the gain and the control calculation cycle time, and the input value is held at the same time as the previous control calculation cycle A holding function for outputting a value, a third subtraction function for subtracting the output value of the holding function from the input value of the transmission signal indicating the amount of the field control signal of the other automatic voltage regulator, and the third subtracting function A first selection function for selecting and outputting either one of the output value or zero, a first addition function for adding the output value of the amplification function and the output value of the fourth selection function, and the first A second calculation function for adding the output value of the adder and its own output value in the previous control calculation cycle and outputting the result, the third selection function, the proportional calculation function, and the second calculation function Each output value is added to output a field control signal. And a second summing function of outputting a field control signal value to said retainer,
When the automatic voltage regulator is switched to the normal operation side by the input value of the operation switching signal given from the outside, the first selection function and the fourth selection function select zero, and the second selection function is When the second subtraction function is selected and the standby operation side is switched, the second selection function and the third selection function select zero, and the first selection function selects the second subtraction function. Select and calculate the error between the voltage setting signal of the automatic voltage regulator and the voltage detection signal to be zero, and perform control calculation so that the field control signal output from the microcomputer also matches the field control signal during normal operation automatic voltage regulator, characterized in Ukoto.