JP4860522B2 - Dust collector - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention effectively captures fine dust in precision workshops, dust in the air, such as paper dust in cutting workshops, wood chips from woodworking mills, and oil, water, and mists during metal processing by machine tools. It is related with the collection device which collects.

  Conventionally, there are a filter method, a cyclone method, and the like as a dust collecting device. Among them, by combining the characteristics of both cyclone dust collection and bag filter dust collection, it is possible to fully utilize the dust collection capacity, perform efficient dust collection and regenerate and regenerate the performance of bag filters that are clogged by dust adhesion. Patent Document 1 discloses a dust collector that effectively performs dust discharge processing at the time.

As shown in FIG. 6, the dust collector described in Patent Document 1 is located above a cyclone cylinder (55) having a dust discharge port (57) at the lower end and an intake port (60) at the upper end. A casing (70) having an exhaust port (63) at the upper end and a bag filter (71) inside is arranged, and the upper and lower ends open inside the upper end side of the cyclone cylinder (55) and the upper end from the lower end A hopper member (61) that expands toward the air is disposed, and air containing dust from the intake port (60) is introduced into the cyclone cylinder (55) by forced exhaust from the exhaust port (63) of the casing. The cyclone dust collection that separates the coarse dust (A) in the air that is sucked and swirls along the inner peripheral surface of the cyclone cylinder (55) by centrifugal force, and the inside of the hopper member (61) from the cyclone cylinder (55) Residual dust sucked into the casing (70) through the bag filter (71) The dust filter that collects dust that has fallen from the bag filter when the bag filter (71) is regenerated can be efficiently collected by reducing the layout area. It can be deposited and discarded efficiently.
JP 2006-035661 A

  However, in the configuration described in Patent Document 1, the space between the dust outlet (57) and the dust box (53) of the cyclone cylinder (55) is open with a large opening area, and the inside of the cyclone cylinder (55) A large open space is also formed below the hopper member (61) in the case, so that even if a swirl counter member (72) is provided in the dust box (53), some amount of dust accumulates in the dust box (53). The effect of swirling flow is inevitable. Therefore, it is difficult to prevent re-scattering due to the rising of the accumulated dust, and there is a problem that the dust collection effect by the cyclone becomes low, and the dust collection action becomes unstable depending on the accumulation degree of the dust (A). There is a problem that the cost of the entire apparatus becomes high, for example, the bug filter (71) that has been made is an essential condition.

  The present invention has been made in consideration of the above points, and although it has a simple configuration, it is possible to effectively centrifuge dust by reducing the pressure loss of the air flow, and to improve the dust collection efficiency. An object of the present invention is to provide a collecting device that is more compact and inexpensive.

  In order to solve the above problems, a dust collecting apparatus according to the present invention has a cylindrical shape, and an outer cylinder member having an air inlet opening in a tangential direction from an inner peripheral surface to an upper portion of a side wall, and an upper and lower surfaces closed. A small-diameter cylinder having a predetermined space on the inner surface side from the inner peripheral surface of the outer cylinder member and concentrically disposed, and a lower end edge thereof positioned above the lower surface of the outer cylinder member with a predetermined gap. A centrifuge is formed, and the upper end of the small-diameter cylinder of the centrifuge passes through the upper surface of the outer cylinder member and extends upward to form an air outlet, and the periphery of the lower surface of the outer cylinder member A container-shaped collection tank in which a discharge hole is provided along an edge, and an upper surface periphery communicating with the inside of the outer cylinder member by the discharge hole is in contact with the lower surface of the outer cylinder member at the lower part of the centrifuge The air flowing in from the inlet is arranged along the inner peripheral surface of the outer cylinder member. The dust separated by centrifugal force is discharged into the collection tank below from the discharge hole, and the remaining air is discharged from the outlet of the small-diameter cylinder through the gap. Is.

  According to the configuration of the present invention, it is possible to obtain a collection device that reduces the pressure loss of the air flow and increases the collection efficiency of dust with a simple configuration and more compactly and inexpensively.

  DESCRIPTION OF EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, an embodiment of the invention will be described with reference to the drawings. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the whole, and FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional view from the front. The dust collecting device (1) is not only dust in a precision work site, Centrifuge (2) that collects fine dust particles in the air or dust such as oil droplets, water droplets, and mist during metal processing. And a collection tank (3) detachably attached to the tank.

  The centrifuge (2) has a cylindrical shape, and its upper and lower surfaces are integrally closed by welding or the like with a top plate (6) and a bottom plate (7) made of a thin steel plate similar to the cylindrical body ( 5), a predetermined space is provided from the inner peripheral surface to the inner surface side of the outer cylinder member (5) and arranged concentrically, and a flange (11a) bent outward is provided at the lower end edge thereof. A small-diameter cylinder (11) positioned above a bottom plate (7) that forms the lower surface of the outer cylinder member (5) with a predetermined gap, and a blower (8) such as a turbofan included dust. A suction pipe (9) for sucking air from the outside, and an inlet (10) provided in connection with the suction pipe for blowing the sucked air into the outer cylinder member (5).

  At the position slightly above the bottom plate (7) of the outer cylinder member (5) facing the flange (11a) at the lower end edge of the small diameter cylinder (11), the flange ( 11a) is provided with a disk base (12) projecting outward with substantially the same outer diameter, and the disk base (12) positioned slightly above the bottom plate (7) The gap with the periphery of the opening at the lower end of the small diameter cylinder (11) is narrowed.

  The air inlet (10) is formed in the upper portion of the side wall of the outer cylinder member (5), as can be understood from FIG. 3, which is a cross-sectional view from the upper part of the disk base (12). A guide piece (10a) that opens in the tangential direction from the inner peripheral surface and guides the wind in the circumferential direction of the outer cylindrical member (5) is formed at the opening end, and the small diameter cylinder (11) The top of the outer cylinder member 5 penetrates through the top plate 6 that is the upper surface of the outer cylinder member 5 and extends upward to be opened to serve as an air outlet 13 for the outside air.

  A bottom plate (7) formed in a square shape having a size slightly expanding outward from the outer diameter of the lower surface of the outer cylinder member (5) is formed in an arc shape along the peripheral edge of the outer cylinder member (5). Two opposing slit-like discharge holes (15) are provided. The discharge hole (15) has a predetermined width and length along the inner peripheral wall surface of the outer cylinder member (5) of the bottom plate (7) disposed so as to form the lower surface of the outer cylinder member (5). For example, in this embodiment, two holes are formed so as to face each other over a range of an angle of 90 degrees with a width of 5 mm.

  The collection tank (3) located at the lower part of the centrifuge (2) has a cylindrical container shape with an upper surface opened (3a), and is a thin steel plate similar to the centrifuge (2), or It is made of a transparent synthetic resin and is attached in close contact with the lower surface of the bottom plate (7) forming the lower surface of the outer cylinder member (5) from below.

  Below the rectangular bottom plate (7), as shown in FIG. 2, a support (16) in which angle steel is assembled in a frame shape is attached, and a centrifugal separator (2) including the blower (8) is installed. The frame (17) that supports and extends further forward from the opposite edges of the two opposite sides of the bottom plate (7) has a U-shaped cross section extending in the front-rear direction. Rail groove (18) is formed, and a pair of horizontal flanges (3b) formed outwardly on the periphery of the upper surface opening (3a) of the collection tank (3) in the pair of parallel rail grooves (18) The collection tank (3) can be pulled out and is detachably held.

  On the upper surface of the horizontal flange (3b) at the periphery of the upper surface opening (3a) of the collection tank (3), a sealing body (19) formed with a soft foam resin having a predetermined thickness is attached, A seal screw (21) composed of a pressing portion and a screw portion is attached to the lower frame (20) of the support base (16) located below the collection tank (3) so as to be movable up and down.

  Then, the upper surface opening (3a) of the collection tank (3) is placed facing a predetermined position on the lower surface of the bottom plate (7) of the centrifuge (2), and the sealing screw (21) is rotated. As a result, the collection tank (3) rises and seals on the back surface of the bottom plate (7) of the centrifuge (2). (19) abutting, the bottom plate (7) and the collection tank (3) are brought into an airtight contact with each other, and the inside of the outer cylinder member (5) and the collection tank (3) are arranged by the discharge hole (15). It is configured to communicate with the inside.

  In addition, it cannot be overemphasized that the said sealing body (19) may be affixed not to the collection tank (3) side but the back surface side of the baseplate (7) of a centrifuge. Further, (22) is a caster which is attached to and supports the four corners of the lower part of the support base (16), and is a dust device comprising the centrifuge (2) and the collection tank (3) ( 1) is held movably.

Thus, when collecting dust in the work place, a blower (8 installed on the windward side of the centrifugal separator (2) so that the amount of air flowing out from the outlet (13) is about 40 m ³ per minute. ) Is blown out into the centrifugal separator (2), and the air flowing into the centrifugal separator (2) by the blower (8) is supplied to the inlet (10). Is opened tangentially from the inner peripheral surface to the upper side wall of the outer cylinder member (5), so that the inflow air is swirled along the inner peripheral surface of the outer cylinder member (5) as indicated by an arrow line. By flowing down, air and dust are separated by centrifugal force, lowered by gravity along the circumferential wall surface of the outer cylindrical member (5), and dust reaching the bottom plate (7) is discharged into the discharge hole ( It is discharged from 15) into the lower collection tank (3).

  Therefore, in order to effectively introduce the separated dust into the collection tank (3), the air volume of the blower (8) and the size of the discharge hole (15) are determined according to the type of dust to be collected. The opening space of the discharge hole (15) is set to 10% of the opening area of the outlet (13). In addition, the discharge hole (15) is not limited to the above-described configuration, and may be one place or three places or more, and a plurality of small holes may be formed in an arc shape instead of an arc-shaped long hole. .

  At this time, the air reaching between the outer cylinder member (5) and the small-diameter cylinder (11) flows into the flange (11a) at the lower end edge of the small-diameter cylinder (11) and the outer cylinder member (5). An outwardly projecting portion of the disk base (12) provided above the bottom plate (7) of the steel plate serves as a baffle plate and hinders inflow into the small-diameter cylinder (11). In order to further separate the dust and drop it into the discharge hole (15), the remaining air is further purified and flows into the small-diameter cylinder (11) through the gap on the disk base (12), and rises to the outlet ( 13) can be released into the outside air.

  Further, even if a relatively large amount of dust accumulates in the collection tank (3), the gap between the collection tank (3) and the upper centrifuge (2) is shielded by the bottom plate (7), and the discharge hole (15) Since it is only communicating with the part, there is almost no influence on the collection tank (3), and there is little possibility of causing problems such as winding up accumulated dust.

  And the dust discharged | emitted from the discharge hole (15) accumulates in a collection tank (3), and when the collection tank (3) becomes full, the said lower frame (20) After loosening the seal screw (21) and lowering the collection tank (3) to release the close engagement between the bottom plate (7) and the seal body (19), as shown in FIG. 4, the bottom plate (7) The collection tank (3) is slid by using the engagement with the flange (3b) lowered onto the rail groove (18) of the frame (17) extending forward from the frame, and pulled forward. The upper surface opening (3a) of the collection tank (3) may be exposed, or the collection tank (3) may be removed from the support base (16) and the accumulated dust may be discarded.

  However, when the collection tank (3) is in a substantially sealed state as in the prior art, if a certain amount of dust accumulates in the tank, the dust accumulated in the collection tank (3) 2) Due to the negative pressure phenomenon caused by the flow of wind to the small diameter cylinder (11) in the inside, it may be sucked back into the centrifuge (2) through the gap of the discharge hole (15) and centrifuged. The dust flowing back into the vessel (2) is discharged from the small diameter cylinder (11) into the outside air as it is.

  On the other hand, in the present embodiment, an opening (23) communicating with the outside air is provided in the bottom surface of the collection tank (3) while maintaining a gap between the floor surface and the collection tank (3). The filter (25) was extended and arranged so as to cover the opening (23) and reach the uppermost part of the collection tank (3).

  Specifically, a holding cylinder (24) having an appropriate height is provided integrally with the tank inside the tank of the opening (23), and a cylindrical filter ( 25) is inserted and stood up, and the cylindrical filter (25) has a hollow center, has a predetermined thickness, and has a bubble density that allows air to pass but blocks passage of dust. While forming with open-cell bodies, such as a nonwoven fabric and glass fiber, the upper opening of a cylinder is obstruct | occluded with the stopper.

  Therefore, the negative pressure phenomenon in the centrifugal separator (2) is caused by the filter as long as the tip of the filter (25) protrudes from the accumulated dust surface even if dust accumulates to the vicinity of the opening of the collection tank (3). (25) through the lower opening (23) into the outside air, which does not occur. Dust flows smoothly through the discharge hole (15) into the collection tank (3) without being alienated. Can only be deposited to a full state.

  In the said Example, it was set as the structure which hold | maintains the filter (25) in one opening (23) of a collection tank (3), but it is not restricted to one place, Opening (23) and filter (25 ) Are arranged in a plurality, and air is simultaneously extracted from a plurality of locations, so that the dust can be more smoothly flowed into the collection tank (3).

  Note that when the dust to be collected is a liquid such as oil droplets, water droplets, or mist, the specific gravity as the dust does not rise so much that the filter (25) is unnecessary.

  When a predetermined amount of dust accumulates in the collection tank (3), this is detected by an infrared transmission sensor (not shown), etc., and the operation of the blower (8) is stopped and the centrifugal separator (2). The inflow of air containing the dust may be stopped, and the collection tank (3) may be pulled out from the bottom plate (7) for predetermined disposal.

  The full detection of the accumulated dust may be performed by visually observing the predetermined time for driving the blower (8), the weight of the collection tank (3), or the amount of dust without using a sensor. The filter (25) may be configured to be removable from the holding cylinder (24) so that it can be removed and regenerated or replaced at any time.

  As an embodiment of the present invention having the above-described configuration, an experimental example in which bran is collected as dust will be described. In this embodiment, the outer cylinder member (5) forming the centrifuge (2) of the collection device (1) has a diameter of 40 cm and a height dimension of 68 cm, and the diameter of the small diameter cylinder (11) is 20 cm. The height of the outer cylindrical member of the disk base (12) from the bottom plate (7) is 50 mm, the gap between the lower edge of the small diameter cylinder (11) and the disk base (12) is 55 mm, and the discharge hole (15) had a width of 5 mm and a length of 31 cm, which is one half of the outer cylinder perimeter, and was drilled at two locations facing the inner peripheral edge of the outer cylinder member (5).

  The collection tank (3) has a capacity of 60L, and the filter (25) has a large number of through-holes with a diameter of about 10mm on the periphery of a stainless steel cylinder with an outer diameter of 50mm and a length of 400mm. Thus, a nonwoven fabric having a thickness of 20 mm and a length of 430 mm was wound.

When the collection device (1) having the above-described configuration was set so that the air volume at the outlet (13) was 40 m ³ / min, 50 g of bran dust was introduced into the suction pipe (9), and the collection tank The amount of dust collected in (3) was 45 g, and the dust collection rate was 90%. At this time, the pressure loss in the centrifuge (2) is 0.9 kPa, which can be reduced by 50% compared to the conventional general cyclone system, and the collection device (1) can be made compact, As a result, it was possible to obtain a dust collection capacity equal to or higher than that of the prior art, in which dust of 10 μm or more can be collected by 90% or more.

  In addition, the joining structure of the centrifuge (2) and the collection tank (3) is not limited to the above, and various structures are conceivable. For example, from the front of the dust collecting device as in FIG. As shown in FIG. 5 which is a sectional view of the centrifugal separator (2 ′), the centrifugal separator (2 ′), the bottom plate (7 ′), and the collection tank (3 ′) are formed as separate members. The bottom plate (7 ') forming the lower surface of the plate may be configured such that the discharge hole (15') and the disk base (12 ') are integrally formed, and the engaging step portion (26) is formed on the periphery.

  And the collection tank (3 ') located in the lower part is installed on the floor surface by the support leg (22'), and the flange (3b ') formed on the outer peripheral edge of the upper surface of the collection tank (3'). Engage the outside of the engaging step (26) and cover the upper surface of the collection tank (3 ') to close the opening (3a') and place it on the collection tank (3 ') The lower surface of the centrifuge (2 ') that is opened from the upper part of the bottom plate (7') is fitted and attached to the inside of the engaging step (26) so as to constitute the collecting device (1 '). It may be.

  At this time, although not particularly illustrated, the blower and the suction port (9 ′) of the centrifugal separator (2 ′) are connected flexibly so that both can be easily attached and detached.

  If comprised in this way, when the dust in a collection tank (3 ') becomes full, after isolate | separating an air blower from a centrifuge (2'), the centrifuge (2 'in a stacked state) ) And the bottom plate (7 ′) can be lifted to remove the collection tank (3 ′) whose upper surface is open, and the accumulated dust can be easily treated with a simple structure.

  The dust collecting apparatus according to the present invention is configured as described above and is simple and compact, so that the installation space of the apparatus itself can be reduced and can be manufactured at low cost. It is suitable for collecting chips, oil droplets, water droplets, etc. in metalworking workplaces such as machine tools, as well as nakonu, paper dust, and powder, and can collect dust efficiently. Product accuracy is kept high without being affected by dust, and the workplace environment can be kept clean and good.

  The collection tanks (3) and (3 ') may not be detachable from the outer cylinder member (5) as in the configuration in the above embodiment. In other words, even when the centrifuge (2) (2 ') is fixed, an opening with a lid is provided in a part of the tank wall, and the accumulated dust is taken out and disposed of as an opening for taking out the dust. You may do it.

  Moreover, when the dust which is a collection object is a liquid body like the said oil droplet, while using the said collection apparatus as a gas-liquid separation apparatus for air purification, the said collection tank (3) (3 A waste liquid pipe is connected by forming an opening at the bottom of ′), and the collected liquid may be transferred and processed through this waste liquid pipe.

It is the schematic perspective view which fractured | ruptured a part of dust collector which shows one Embodiment of this invention. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view from the front of FIG. It is a cross-sectional view from the upper surface which shows the baseplate part of the outer cylinder member in FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the state which pulled out the collection tank from the centrifuge of FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the other Example of the joining structure of a centrifuge and a collection tank. It is sectional drawing which shows the conventional dust collector.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1, 1 'Collection apparatus 2, 2' Centrifugal separator 3, 3 'Collection tank 5 Outer cylinder member 7, 7' Bottom plate 8 Blower
10 Inlet
11 diameter small cylinder
12, 12 ′ disc base
13 Outlet
15, 15 ′ discharge hole
16 Support base
17 Frame
18 Rail groove
19 Seal body
20 Lower frame
21 Seal screw
23 opening
25 Filter

Claims (1)

From the inner peripheral surface of the outer cylindrical member (5) which is cylindrical and has an air inlet (10) opened in a tangential direction from the inner peripheral surface to the upper side wall and the upper and lower surfaces closed. A predetermined space is provided on the inner surface side and arranged concentrically, and the lower end edge is centrifuged from a small diameter cylinder (11) positioned above the lower surface of the outer cylinder member (5) with a predetermined gap. The upper end of the small-diameter cylinder (5) of the centrifugal separator extends through the upper surface of the outer cylinder member (5) or extends upward to reach the upper surface. In addition to the outlet (13), a discharge hole (15) is provided along the peripheral edge of the lower surface of the outer cylinder member (5), and the outer periphery of the centrifuge is formed by the discharge hole (15). A container-shaped collection tank (3) is provided in which the peripheral edge of the upper surface communicating with the inside of the cylindrical member (5) is in contact with the lower surface of the outer cylindrical member (5), and the air flowing in from the inlet (10) Of the outer cylinder member (5) Dust that has flowed down along the peripheral surface and separated by centrifugal force is discharged from the discharge hole (15) into the lower collection tank (3), and the remaining air is passed through the communication portion formed in the gap. Let it flow out from the outlet (13) of the small cylinder,
An apparatus for collecting dust, wherein an opening communicating with outside air is formed in a lower part of a collection tank, and a filter is disposed so as to cover the opening and extend to an upper part of the collection tank.

Images