JP4858142B2 - Seawater purification system and seawater purification method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a seawater purification system and a seawater purification method, and more particularly to a seawater purification system and a seawater purification method suitable for purifying seawater in the vicinity of a coast.

  As an example of this type of seawater purification system and seawater purification method, Patent Document 1 discloses that a purification proposal is formed by stacking gravel and crushed stones offshore near the coast, and both ends of the purification proposal are extended to the coastline. Divides the inner water area and the outer outer water area of the purification basin and moves the sea water between the inner water area and the outer water area via the purification basin when the tides are full. There is disclosed a seawater purification method configured to attach and capture pollutant components such as plankton on the surface of gravel or crushed stone and purify seawater in the inner water area.

In Patent Document 2, an outer facility that divides the surrounding sea area and semi-enclosed sea area outside the semi-enclosed sea area such as a bay, bay, and beach is established, and a landscape pond is provided on the land. A sand layer is formed on the seabed ground in a semi-enclosed sea area partitioned by the outer facility, and the bottom of the sand layer and the scenic area, and the bottom of the scenic pond and the surrounding sea area are connected by discharge pipes. A non-return mechanism is provided at the end of the discharge pipe exposed at the scenic pond and the end exposed at the surrounding sea area to form a seawater purification structure. By using this seawater purification structure, it is semi-closed. There is disclosed a seawater purification method configured to purify seawater that acts on sexual sea areas.
JP 2000-45244 A No. 7-13766

  By the way, among the seawater purification methods configured as described above, the seawater purification method disclosed in Patent Document 1 captures to some extent pollutant components such as plankton and bacteria such as Escherichia coli contained in the seawater by the purification agent. However, bacteria cannot be removed to a level that allows people to swim.

  Moreover, since the seawater purification method disclosed in Patent Document 2 is purified by filtering seawater through a sand layer provided in a semi-enclosed sea area, more bacteria are removed than those described in Patent Document 1. Although it is possible, it is still difficult to remove bacteria to such a level that people can swim. Also, the construction of the facility takes time and effort, and the construction costs are high.

  The present invention has been made in view of the conventional problems as described above, and can sufficiently reduce the content of bacteria, and also facilitates construction of facilities and reduces labor and time required for construction. It is possible to provide a seawater purification system and a seawater purification method that can reduce construction costs.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention employs the following means.
That is, the present invention is a seawater purification system for purifying seawater in the vicinity of a coast, and is provided between an offshore near the coast and a coastline to form an inner water area partitioned from an outside water area in the vicinity of the coast. A seawater purification facility and a second seawater purification facility that is provided on the coastline side of the first seawater purification facility and that forms a purification zone partitioned from other portions of the inner water area in a portion along the coastline of the inner water area The first seawater purification facility is configured to allow bacteria such as Escherichia coli contained in the seawater to adhere when the seawater from the outer water area is permeated and moved to the inner water area. It has a purification function consisting of piled up gravel, crushed stone, etc., which has a contact oxidation function for capturing gravel and has an upper end protruding upward from the sea surface regardless of tides . sea water purification equipment, of the inner waters Forming the purification zone partitioned from the other part of the inner water area in a portion along the shoreline, and a holding body whose upper end is set at a height below the sea level regardless of tides; percolator functions the are formed by depositing a filtration material cleaning area on seabed Rutotomoni, and capturing seawater by osmosis by adhering bacteria such as E. coli contained in seawater from said body of water And a portion of land land along the coastline that collects seawater permeated and filtered by the filtration layer between a lower portion of the filtration layer and a land portion along the coastline. And water collecting means for discharging water from a land portion along the coastline toward the upper portion of the filtration layer .

According to the seawater purification system of the present invention , when seawater from the outer water area passes through the purification solution of the first seawater purification facility and moves to the inner water area, bacteria such as Escherichia coli contained in the seawater are purified. By adhering to and trapping, the content of bacteria such as Escherichia coli contained in the seawater is reduced. In addition, seawater that has passed through the purification scour and moved to the inner water area is filtered by osmosis through the filtration layer of the second seawater purification facility, so that bacteria such as Escherichia coli contained in this seawater are attached to the filtration layer and captured. In addition, the content of bacteria such as Escherichia coli contained in the seawater is further reduced. Further, the seawater that has been osmotically filtered by the filtration layer of the second seawater purification facility is collected by the water collecting means, led to a land portion along the coastline, and discharged from this portion toward the upper portion of the filtration layer. The seawater moved from the outer water area to the inner water area is moved from the outer water area to the inner water area by repeating osmotic filtration by the filtration layer of the second seawater purification facility and discharge to the upper part of the filtration layer by the water collecting means. Bacteria such as Escherichia coli contained in the seawater can be gradually reduced.
In addition, because the first seawater purification facility is set to a height where the upper end protrudes upward from the sea level regardless of the tides, the seawater in the outer water area always passes through the purification basin. Will be moved to.
Furthermore, since the upper body of the second seawater purification facility is set at a height where the upper end is located below the sea level regardless of the tides, the flow due to tides or the flow due to waves on the upper surface of the filtration layer. Since the surface layer of the filtration layer can be stirred, the clogging of the surface layer of the filtration layer can be prevented, and the initial osmotic filtration function of the filtration layer can be maintained for a long time. .

Further, in the present invention, the water collecting means is embedded in a lower portion of the filtration layer, and is provided in a water collecting pipe for collecting seawater filtered by the filtration layer and a land portion along the coastline. And a storage tank for temporarily storing the seawater collected by the water collecting pipe, and a pump for pumping the seawater from the storage tank to the ground and discharging it from the ground toward the upper part of the filtration layer. and said that you are.

According to the seawater purification system of the present invention, the seawater that has been osmotically filtered by the filtration layer of the second seawater purification facility is collected by the water collecting pipe of the water collecting means, and the storage tank provided in the land portion along the coastline. And then pumped from the storage tank, guided to the ground, and discharged from the ground toward the top of the filtration layer. The seawater released toward the upper part of the filtration layer by the water collecting means is osmotic filtered again by the filtration layer, collected by the water collecting pipe of the water collecting means, temporarily stored in the storage tank, and pumped up to the ground. Then, it is discharged again from the ground toward the upper part of the filtration layer. By repeatedly performing such operations on the seawater in the inner water area, the content of bacteria such as Escherichia coli contained in the seawater in the inner water area can be gradually reduced.

Furthermore, the present invention provides a seawater purification method for purifying seawater in the vicinity of a coast using the seawater purification system according to claim 1 , wherein seawater from an outside water area is converted into the purification dam of the first seawater purification facility. When passing to the inner water area through permeation, the bacteria such as Escherichia coli contained in the seawater are attached and captured by the contact oxidation function between the gravel of the purification basin, and the first seawater purification facility The seawater that has been passed through a purification slab and moved to the inner water area is osmotically filtered through the filtration layer on the seabed ground of the purification area of the second seawater purification facility, such as Escherichia coli contained in the seawater. The seawater obtained by adhering and capturing bacteria and osmotically filtering the filtration layer is collected by the water collecting means and guided to a land portion along the coastline, and the filtration layer is separated from the land portion along the coastline. To the top of the And repeating the.

As described above, according to the seawater purification system and the seawater purification method of the present invention, the seawater from the outer water area passes through the purification solution of the first seawater purification facility and moves to the inner water area. Bacteria such as Escherichia coli contained in the seawater are attached and captured by the purification bank, and the content of bacteria such as Escherichia coli contained in the seawater is reduced. Also, the seawater that has passed through the purification scour and moved to the inner water area is filtered by osmosis through the filtration layer of the second seawater purification facility, so that bacteria such as Escherichia coli contained in this seawater are attached and captured. The content of bacteria such as Escherichia coli contained in seawater is further reduced. Further, the seawater that has been osmotically filtered by the filtration layer of the second seawater purification facility is collected by the water collecting means and guided to the land portion along the coastline, and directed from the land portion along the coastline toward the upper portion of the filtration layer. Released. And bacteria such as Escherichia coli contained in the seawater in the inner water area by repeatedly performing osmotic filtration by the filtration layer and discharge toward the upper part of the filtration layer by the water collecting means on the seawater in the inner water area Can be gradually reduced. Therefore, the content of bacteria such as Escherichia coli contained in the seawater in the inner water area can be reduced to a level at which people can swim, so a water park or swimming area is constructed near the coast. It becomes possible.
In addition, it is only necessary to provide a purification solution as the first seawater purification facility, and to provide a holding body, a filtration layer, and water collecting means as the second seawater purification facility. And can save time and keep construction costs low.
In addition, the first seawater purification facility's purification basin is set at a height so that its upper end protrudes upward from the sea surface regardless of the tides. Will be moved to. Furthermore, since the upper body of the second seawater purification facility is set at a height where the upper end is located below the sea level regardless of the tides, the flow due to tides or the flow due to waves on the upper surface of the filtration layer. Since the surface layer of the filtration layer can be stirred, the clogging of the surface layer of the filtration layer can be prevented, and the initial osmotic filtration function of the filtration layer can be maintained for a long time. .

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
1 to 3 show an embodiment of a seawater purification system and a seawater purification method according to the present invention. FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view showing the entire seawater purification facility, and FIG. FIG. 3 is a partial plan view of the second seawater purification facility of FIG. 1.

  That is, the seawater purification system and the seawater purification method according to the present embodiment are a system and method effective for purifying seawater in the vicinity of the coast, and include the first seawater purification facility 2 and the second seawater purification facility 10. The seawater purification facility 1 is used to purify seawater.

  The first seawater purification facility 2 is provided between the coast near the coast and the coastline, and the first seawater purification facility 2 forms an inner water area 5 partitioned from the outer water area 4 near the coast. The 2nd seawater purification equipment 10 is provided in the land side part.

  The first seawater purification facility 2 is configured such that gravel and crushed stone are piled up to a predetermined height on the seabed ground 6 between the coast near the coast and the coastline, and both ends are extended to the coastline. It is composed of purification ridge 3 formed in a circular arc shape, U shape, etc. in plan view between the offshore and coastline, so that the upper end protrudes upward from the sea surface by a predetermined length regardless of tides The height of ide 3 is set.

  The purification basin 3 constituting the first seawater purification facility 2 is given a contact oxidation function between gravels by gravel and crushed stone, and the seawater from the outer water area 4 passes through the purification ledge 3 by this contact oxidation function between gravels. When moving to the inner water area 5, bacteria such as Escherichia coli contained in the seawater are attached to and captured on the surface of gravel, crushed stone, etc., and seawater in which the content of bacteria such as E. coli is reduced is the inner water area 5. The seawater acts on the second seawater purification facility 10. In addition, the purification stuff 3 should just be what can provide the contact oxidation function between gravel not only with gravel and crushed stone. Moreover, the 1st seawater purification equipment 2 may be comprised by installing two or more purification | cleaning hoods 3.

  The second seawater purification facility 10 includes a holding body 11 provided between the purification basin 3 and the coast, a filtration layer 13 provided on the seabed ground 6 on the inner side (land side) of the holding body 11, and a filtration layer 13 The water collecting means 15 provided between the lower part and the land 25 is provided.

  The holding body 11 is piled up in a substantially trapezoidal shape on gravel and crushed stone on the seabed ground 6 inside the purification slab 3 (land side), and as shown in FIG. This is formed in an arc shape, a U shape, etc. (a U shape in FIG. 1), and the holding body 11 forms a purification zone 12 partitioned into an arc shape, a U shape, etc. in the land side portion of the inner water area 5. Then, the filtration layer 13 is formed on the seabed ground 6 in the purification area 12.

  The holding body 11 is not particularly limited as long as the holding body 11 is formed in a state where the purification zone 12 is partitioned from the surroundings on the land side portion of the inner water zone 5 and the filtration layer 13 can be held in the purification zone 12. It may be formed by stacking concrete blocks or the like, or may be formed integrally by placing concrete.

  The holding body 11 is set to a predetermined height so that the upper surface of the filtration layer 13 is always located below the sea level regardless of the tides. By setting the holding body 11 at such a height, the surface layer of the filtration layer 13 can be stirred by sufficiently applying a flow due to tidal flow or a wave on the upper surface of the filtration layer 13. It is possible to prevent clogging of the layer 13 mainly due to the filtrate of the surface layer, and to maintain the initial osmotic filtration performance of the filtration layer 13 for a long period of time.

  The filter layer 13 is formed by depositing a filter medium 14 with a predetermined thickness on the seabed ground 6 of the purification zone 12 inside the holder 11 so as to be flush with the upper surface of the holder 11. The filter layer 13 is used to filter the seawater from the first seawater purification facility 2 flowing into the purification zone 12 beyond the holding body 11 by the filtration layer 13, and contain bacteria such as Escherichia coli contained in the seawater. The amount is further reduced.

  In the present embodiment, the thickness of the filtration layer 13 is set to about 1 m. However, the thickness can be set to an arbitrary value according to the topography of the submarine ground 6 without being limited thereto.

  In the present embodiment, sand having a predetermined particle size is used as the filter medium 14, and the sand is deposited with a predetermined thickness on the seabed ground 6 in the purification zone 12 inside the holding body 11. The filter layer 13 is formed. By filtering the seawater through the filtration layer 13, bacteria such as Escherichia coli contained in the seawater are attached to the surface of the filter medium 14 and captured, and the seawater with a reduced content of bacteria is collected by the water collecting means 15. Water is collected. Bacteria attached and captured on the surface of the filter medium 14 are decomposed by microorganisms attached to the surface of the filter medium 14.

The filter medium 14 is not particularly limited as long as it can permeate seawater and capture bacteria such as Escherichia coli contained in the seawater. The filter layer 13 is formed by depositing other known filter medium. May be.
In addition, when the filter layer 13 is formed using sand as the filter medium 14 and there is a possibility that the filter layer 13 may be eroded by a tide flow or a wave flow, the filter layer behind the holder 11 is used. A net for preventing outflow of the filter medium 14 may be provided on the surface of 13.
Furthermore, when the bottom sediment with a lot of fine particles exists on the seabed ground 6 on which the holding body 11 and the filtration layer 13 are provided, a water shielding sheet is previously laid on the seabed ground 6 to cover the bottom sediment. Further, the holding body 11 and the filtration layer 13 may be provided on the upper part of the water shielding sheet.

The water collecting means 15 includes a water collecting pipe 16 that collects the seawater filtered and filtered by the filtration layer 13, a storage tank 21 that temporarily stores the seawater collected by the water collecting pipe 16, and the seawater stored in the storage tank 21. The pump 20 is pumped up, and the operation of the pump 20 causes the seawater stored in the storage tank 21 to be pumped to the ground and discharged from the ground toward the upper part of the filtration layer 13 in the purification zone 12.

  The water collecting pipes 16 include a plurality of water collecting branch pipes 17 composed of porous pipes embedded in parallel at predetermined intervals along the holding body 11 below the filtration layer 13, and the holding body 11 side of the plurality of water collecting branch pipes 17. A collecting pipe 18 connecting one end of each of the two, a buried pipe between the lower part of the filtration layer 13 and the land 25, one end connected to the collecting pipe 18, and the other end connected to the bottom of the storage tank 21. A water main pipe 19 is provided, and the seawater collected by each water collecting branch pipe 17 is guided to the bottom of the storage tank 21 through the collecting pipe 18 and the water collection main pipe 19 and temporarily stored in the storage tank 21.

  A gravel 23 is laid around each water collecting branch pipe 17 so as to surround each water collecting branch pipe 17, and each hole of each water collecting branch pipe 17 is prevented from being blocked by the filter medium 14 by the gravel 23. At the same time, the filter medium 14 is prevented from flowing into the water collecting branch pipes 17 together with the seawater through the holes.

A pump 20 is provided at the bottom of the storage tank 21, and the seawater once stored in the storage tank 21 is pumped up to the ground by the pump 20, and the filtration layer of the purification zone 12 through the discharge part 22 provided on the ground. It is discharged toward the top of 13.

In addition, although not shown in figure, the discharge part 22 may be provided in the ground and seawater may be discharged toward the upper part of the filtration layer 13 from the discharge part in the ground.
Furthermore, it provided adjacent the treatment facility to reduce the bacteria by ultraviolet discharge unit 22 may be configured so as to discharge the seawater purification zone 12 after ultraviolet treatment in the processing equipment. In this case, since the seawater processed by the purification solution 3 of the first seawater purification facility 2 and the filtration layer 13 of the second seawater purification facility 10 is subjected to ultraviolet treatment, the efficiency of the ultraviolet treatment facility can be increased, and ultraviolet treatment is performed. Cost reduction of equipment can be achieved.

  And when the flow of the tide from the offshore to the land side or the flow by the wave acts on the seawater purification facility 1 configured as described above, the seawater in the outer water area 4 permeates the purification basin 3 of the first seawater purification facility 2. As a result, bacteria such as Escherichia coli contained in the seawater adhere to and are captured on the surface of gravels, crushed stones, and the like of the purification bank 3, and the seawater with a reduced content of bacteria moves to the inner water area 5.

Then, the seawater that has moved to the inner water area 5 passes through the holding body 11 of the second seawater purification facility 10 and flows into the purification area 12, and is filtered by osmosis in the filtration layer 13 of the purification area 12. The contained bacteria such as Escherichia coli adheres to the surface of the filter medium 14 and is trapped, and the seawater in which the content of bacteria is further reduced is collected in the water collecting branch pipe 17 of the water collecting means 15, and the collecting pipe 18 and It is led to the storage tank 21 through the water collecting main pipe 19 and temporarily stored in the storage tank 21. Seawater stored in the storage tank 21 is pumped up to the ground by the operation of the pump 20 and discharged from the discharge section 22 on the ground toward the upper part of the filtration layer 13 in the purification zone 12.

  In addition, since the flow of tidal waves or waves flowing from the offshore to the land or from the land to the offshore is constantly acting on the surface of the filtration layer 13, the surface layer of the filtration layer 13 is stirred by the flow. Therefore, the surface layer of the filtration layer 13 is not clogged with the filtrate and the osmotic filtration performance does not deteriorate, and the initial osmotic filtration performance can be maintained for a long time.

  And by repeating this in the seawater purification facility 1, bacteria such as Escherichia coli contained in the seawater near the coast are gradually reduced, and people can swim in the content of bacteria in the seawater near the coast. Can be reduced to a level that can be achieved.

  As described above, in the seawater purification system and the seawater purification method according to the present embodiment, the seawater purification facility 1 including the first seawater purification facility 2 and the second seawater purification facility 10 is used, By passing the seawater through the purification basin 3 of the first seawater purification facility 2, the content of bacteria such as E. coli is reduced, and the seawater with the reduced content of bacteria is filtered by the second seawater purification facility 10. The content of bacteria is further reduced by osmotic filtration in the layer 13, and further, the content of bacteria is further reduced by circulating this seawater through the filtration layer 13 of the second seawater purification facility 10. Since it comprised, it becomes possible to reduce the content of bacteria of the seawater near seawater to the level which people can swim, and it becomes possible to construct a hydrophilic park, a swimming pool, etc. in the vicinity of the coast.

  In addition, a seawater purification facility 1 comprising a first seawater purification facility 2 comprising a purification basin 3 and a second seawater purification facility 10 comprising a holding body 11, a filtration layer 13, and a water collecting means 15 is constructed near the coast. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the time and labor required for the construction of a water park, swimming pool, etc., and construction costs can be reduced.

  Furthermore, since the seawater in which the content of bacteria is reduced by the purification solution 3 of the first seawater purification facility 2 is osmotically filtered by the filtration layer 13 of the second seawater purification facility 10, the load on the filtration layer 13 is reduced. It is possible to suppress functional degradation due to clogging of the filtration layer 13.

  In this embodiment, the number of fecal coliforms of seawater in the outer water area 4 is tens of thousands / 100 ml. However, by passing through the purification seam 3 of the first seawater purification facility 2, It was possible to reduce the number of fecal coliforms in seawater to thousands / 100 ml. Moreover, by passing the filtration layer 13 of the second seawater purification facility 10, the number of fecal coliforms in seawater in the inner water area 5 could be reduced to several hundred / 100 ml.

  In the above description, the seawater purification system and the seawater purification method according to the present invention are applied to the portion where the seabed ground 6 is inclined. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the flat seabed ground where the seawall is installed is provided. As described above, the present invention may be applied to various submarine grounds, and in this case, of course, the same effects can be obtained.

It is the schematic plan view which showed the whole seawater purification facility used for the seawater purification system and seawater purification method by this invention. It is a vertical sectional view of the seawater purification facility of FIG. It is a partial top view of the 2nd seawater purification equipment of the seawater purification facility of FIG.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Seawater purification facility 2 1st seawater purification facility 3 Purification proposal 4 Outer water area 5 Inner water area 6 Submarine ground 10 Second seawater purification equipment 11 Holder 12 Purification area 13 Filtration layer 14 Filter material 15 Water collecting means 16 Water collecting pipe 17 Water collecting branch Pipe 18 Collecting pipe 19 Catchment master pipe 20 Pump 21 Reservoir 22 Discharge part 23 Gravel 25 Land

Claims (3)

A seawater purification system for purifying seawater near the coast,
A first seawater purification facility, which is provided between an offshore near the coast and the coastline, and forms an inner water area partitioned from an outer water area near the coast;
A purification having a second seawater purification facility provided on a coastline side of the first seawater purification facility and forming a purification zone partitioned from other portions of the inner water area at a portion along the coastline of the inner water area Equipped with facilities,
The first seawater purification facility has an intergranular contact oxidation function for adhering and capturing bacteria such as Escherichia coli contained in seawater when the seawater from the outer water area is permeated and moved to the inner water area. Along with the tides, the upper end is set to a height that protrudes upward from the sea level.
In the second seawater purification facility, the purification area partitioned from other parts of the inner water area is formed in a portion along the coastline of the inner water area, and the upper end is positioned below the sea level regardless of tides. A holding body set to a height to be formed, and by depositing a filter medium on the seabed ground of the purification zone, and by osmotically filtering seawater from the inner water area, such as Escherichia coli contained in the seawater Water is collected between the filtration layer having an osmotic filtration function for adhering and capturing bacteria, and the land below the filtration layer and the land along the coastline, and osmotically filtered by the filtration layer. And a water collecting means for guiding the seawater to a land portion along the coastline and discharging the seawater from the land portion along the coastline toward the upper portion of the filtration layer.   The water collecting means is embedded in a lower part of the filtration layer, and is provided in a water collection pipe for collecting seawater that has been osmotically filtered in the filtration layer, and provided in a land portion along the coastline, and the water collection pipe A storage tank for temporarily storing the seawater collected in step (b), a pump for pumping the seawater from the storage tank to the ground, and discharging it from the ground toward the upper part of the filtration layer. The seawater purification system according to claim 1. A seawater purification method for purifying seawater in the vicinity of a coast using the seawater purification system according to claim 1 ,
Bacteria such as Escherichia coli contained in the seawater by the contact-oxidation function between the gravel of the purification basin when the seawater from the outer water area is transferred to the inner water area through the purification levee of the first seawater purification facility To attach and capture
By osmotically filtering the seawater that has passed through the purification basin of the first seawater purification facility and moved to the inner water area through the filtration layer on the seabed ground of the purification area of the second seawater purification facility. The seawater obtained by adhering and capturing bacteria such as Escherichia coli contained in the seawater and permeating and filtering the filtration layer is collected by the water collecting means and led to a land portion along the coastline. The seawater purification method characterized by repeating discharging from the land portion along the top toward the upper portion of the filtration layer .

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