JP4854833B2 - Manufacturing method of ceramic molded body - Google Patents

Manufacturing method of ceramic molded body Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4854833B2
JP4854833B2 JP2000118817A JP2000118817A JP4854833B2 JP 4854833 B2 JP4854833 B2 JP 4854833B2 JP 2000118817 A JP2000118817 A JP 2000118817A JP 2000118817 A JP2000118817 A JP 2000118817A JP 4854833 B2 JP4854833 B2 JP 4854833B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
ceramic molded
molded body
binder
water
ceramic
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
JP2000118817A
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Japanese (ja)
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JP2001302356A (en
Inventor
正彦 鈴木
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Pilot Corp KK
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Pilot Corp KK
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、セラミックス成形体の製造方法に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来、セラミックス成形体の製造方法としては、押出法、射出成形法、プレス法、鋳込み成形法などが知られているが、特に径が細い物や全長が長い物については、通常スクリューを用いた押出成形法が多く使用されている。
【0003】
即ち、セラミックス原料と結合材と、溶剤としての水を添加して水性の混練物を作製し、この混練物を押出成形することにより、セラミックス成形体が製造されているのである。この時、使用される結合材としては、たとえばメチルセルロースやポリビニルアルコールが用いられている。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、上記水溶性樹脂を用いた場合、混練時の作業性は良好であるものの、押出成形時において次のような問題が生ずる。
(1)押出時、相当の熱を発生するため、水分量の変化による成形性の精度が劣化する。すなわち、押出し難くなったり、ヒビ割れが生じ易くなるのである。
(2)このため、水分量をたとえば20%以上と多くする必要があるが、この場合セラミックス成形体にそりや曲がりが生じ易くなり、後処理工程が繁雑になると同時に、多量の水分を含んでいるため、乾燥後の外径のバラツキが大きくなる。
(3)さらに水溶性樹脂を用いた場合、押出し直後に急激な膨れが生じ易く、そのため成形体の寸法精度が劣化する。特に細径のものの押出しにおいては、その傾向は顕著であった。
【0005】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者は、上記の問題を解決するため鋭意検討した結果、結合材としてポリ酢酸ビニルの部分ケン化物を用い、さらにスクリュー式による熱間押出成形を用いることにより、良好なセラミックス成形体が得られることを見出し、本発明を完成したものである。
【0006】
すなわち本発明は、少なくともセラミックス粉末とポリ酢酸ビニルの部分ケン化物とを、三本ロール、ニーダー等で混練し、必要に応じて乾燥したのち、造粒機等によりペレット化し、このペレットをスクリュー式による熱間押出成形を用いて、溶融して成形することを特徴とするものである。
【0007】
本発明に用いられるセラミックス粉末としては、アルミナ、ジルコニア、フェライト等の酸化物系、炭化珪素、窒化珪素等の非酸化物系のものが挙げられるが、必ずしもこれに限られるものではなく、周知のセラミックスであれば何でもよい。
【0008】
本発明において、結合材として用いられるポリ酢酸ビニルの部分ケン化物は、ケン化度を選ぶことにより水や有機溶剤に溶融し、さらに熱にも溶融するという特徴を有し、酢酸ビニル単位とビニルアルコール単位による二元共重合体であって、次のような2つの単位式の組合せから成るものである。
酸化ビニル単位
【化1】

Figure 0004854833
ビニルアルコール単位
【化2】
Figure 0004854833
【0009】
酢酸ビニル樹脂を部分ケン化させることにより、本発明の使用する二元共重合体樹脂が得られるのである。この時、その平均重合度は50〜2000、好ましくは100〜1000が良い。平均ケン化度は2〜75モル%、好ましくは10〜65モル%が良好である。平均重合度が50未満の場合は、得られるセラミックス成形体の強度が弱く、また2000を超えると、混練時の結合材が均一に分散することが困難となる。
【0010】
ポリ酢酸ビニルの部分ケン化物は、未変性のものに限定されるものではなく、本発明の効果を損なわない範囲で、たとえばアルキルビニルエーテル、ヒドロキシビニルエーテル、酢酸アリル、アミド、ビニルシラン等で変性された物であってもよい。さらに、平均重合度や平均ケン化度の異なるもの等を、2種以上混合したものであってもよい。
【0011】
また、ポリ酢酸ビニルの部分ケン化物の他に、他の有機物質を添加してもよい。この有機物質としては、例えば合成樹脂、天然樹脂、コールタール、アスファルトなどが挙げられる。
【0012】
次に、上記セラミックス粉末とポリ酢酸ビニルの部分ケン化物とを、三本ロール、ニーダー等により混合、混練する。この時溶剤としては、ケン化度により水、有機溶剤のどちらでもよく、また加熱により混練してもよいが、作業環境や付帯設備を考えると、好ましくは水を用いるか、加熱混練がよい。ここで水を用いた場合には、押出しする前に、十分に水を除去する必要がある。また上記素材の他に、滑材としてのワックス、可塑剤を任意添加してもよい。
【0013】
上記混練物を造粒機によりペレット化し、成形してセラミックス成形体とするのであるが、この成形方法としては、熱により溶融して成形する方法が用いられ、熱間押出成形法が用いられる。つまり、工程管理が容易となるという利点を有し、本発明の結合材と組合せてより優れた寸法安定性を有するセラミックス成形体が得られ易いという特徴を有する。
【0014】
次に、実施例を述べる。部は重量部である。
【実施例】
実施例1
アルミナ 100部
ポリ酢酸ビニルの部分ケン化物 12部
(UMR−10L ユニチカ化成(株)製)
ワックス 6部
以上をニーダー、3本ロールで練合し、得られた混練物を造粒機によりペレット化した。次にスクリュー式の加熱押出機に投入し、熱間押出成形して、直径が3mmのアルミナ棒状体を作製した。このものをさらに105℃で1時間乾燥したところ、そりや膨れの発生はなく、径の安定した棒状体となった。
【0015】
実施例2
ジルコニア 100部
ポリ酢酸ビニルの部分ケン化物 10部
(UMR−10L ユニチカ化成(株)製)
ワックス 7部
水 30部
以上をニーダー、3本ロールで練合し、得られた混練物を造粒機にてペレット化したのち、105℃、24時間乾燥して、ペレット中の水分を除去した。次に、スクリュー押出機に投入して熱間押出成形し、直径1mmのジルコニア棒状体を作製した。このものをさらに105℃で1時間乾燥したところ、そりや膨れの発生はなく、径の安定した棒状体となった。
【0016】
比較例として、アルミナとメチルセルロースと水とを混練し、ペレット化して水分量20%で押出したところ、押出直後に膨れの発生がみられ、径のバラツキ大なる棒状体となった。
【0017】
【発明の効果】
本発明のセラミックス成形体の製造方法は、従来の製造方法に比べ、次のような種々の特徴を有するものである。1.従来の水を用いた方法に比べ、押出時の熱による変化や、外部環境による変化が少なく、工程管理が容易となる。2.特に結合材としてのポリ酢酸ビニルの部分ケン化物と、スクリュー式による熱間押出成形との組合せにより、径の細い成形体においても、膨れや曲がりのない、優れた寸法安定性を有するセラミックス成形体が得られる。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for producing a ceramic molded body.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, extrusion methods, injection molding methods, press methods, cast molding methods, etc. are known as methods for producing ceramic molded bodies, but screws are usually used for those with a narrow diameter or a long overall length. Many extrusion methods are used.
[0003]
That is, a ceramic molded body is manufactured by adding a ceramic raw material, a binder, and water as a solvent to prepare an aqueous kneaded product, and extruding the kneaded product. At this time, for example, methyl cellulose or polyvinyl alcohol is used as the binder used.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, when the above water-soluble resin is used, the workability at the time of kneading is good, but the following problems occur at the time of extrusion molding.
(1) Since considerable heat is generated during extrusion, the accuracy of formability due to a change in the amount of moisture deteriorates. That is, it becomes difficult to extrude or cracking easily occurs.
(2) For this reason, it is necessary to increase the amount of water to, for example, 20% or more. In this case, the ceramic molded body is likely to be warped or bent, and the post-treatment process becomes complicated and at the same time contains a large amount of water. Therefore, the variation in the outer diameter after drying increases.
(3) Further, when a water-soluble resin is used, sudden blistering is likely to occur immediately after extrusion, so that the dimensional accuracy of the molded article deteriorates. This tendency was particularly noticeable in the extrusion of small diameters.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present inventor has conducted extensive investigations to solve the above problems, using a partially saponified polyvinyl acetate as a binder, by further Rukoto using hot extrusion by screw, good ceramic molded body The present invention has been found out and the present invention has been completed.
[0006]
That is, the present invention provides at least ceramic powder and a partially saponified polyvinyl acetate, a three-roll, and kneaded by a kneader or the like, after drying if necessary, pelleted by a granulator or the like, the pellets screw It is characterized in that it is melted and molded using hot extrusion molding .
[0007]
Examples of the ceramic powder used in the present invention include oxides such as alumina, zirconia, and ferrite, and non-oxides such as silicon carbide and silicon nitride. Any ceramic material can be used.
[0008]
In the present invention, a partially saponified product of polyvinyl acetate used as a binder has a feature of melting in water or an organic solvent by selecting the degree of saponification, and further melting in heat. It is a binary copolymer with alcohol units, and consists of a combination of the following two unit formulas.
Vinyl oxide unit [Chemical formula 1]
Figure 0004854833
Vinyl alcohol unit [Chemical formula 2]
Figure 0004854833
[0009]
By partially saponifying the vinyl acetate resin, the binary copolymer resin used in the present invention can be obtained. At this time, the average degree of polymerization is 50 to 2000, preferably 100 to 1000. The average degree of saponification is 2 to 75 mol%, preferably 10 to 65 mol%. When the average degree of polymerization is less than 50, the strength of the resulting ceramic molded body is weak, and when it exceeds 2000, it becomes difficult to uniformly disperse the binder during kneading.
[0010]
The partially saponified product of polyvinyl acetate is not limited to an unmodified one, and is modified with, for example, alkyl vinyl ether, hydroxy vinyl ether, allyl acetate, amide, vinyl silane, etc. within the range not impairing the effects of the present invention. It may be. Furthermore, what mixed 2 or more types of things from which average polymerization degree and average saponification degree differ may be sufficient.
[0011]
In addition to the partially saponified product of polyvinyl acetate, other organic substances may be added. Examples of the organic substance include synthetic resin, natural resin, coal tar, and asphalt.
[0012]
Next, the ceramic powder and the partially saponified product of polyvinyl acetate are mixed and kneaded by a three roll, kneader or the like. At this time, the solvent may be either water or an organic solvent depending on the degree of saponification, and may be kneaded by heating. However, considering the working environment and incidental equipment, water is preferably used or heat kneading is preferred. When water is used here, it is necessary to sufficiently remove the water before extrusion. In addition to the above materials, a wax or plasticizer as a lubricant may be optionally added.
[0013]
The kneaded product is pelletized with a granulator and molded into a ceramic molded body. As this molding method, a method of melting and molding with heat is used, and a hot extrusion molding method is used. That is, it has the advantage that process management becomes easy, and has the feature that it is easy to obtain a ceramic molded body having better dimensional stability in combination with the binder of the present invention.
[0014]
Next, examples will be described. Parts are parts by weight.
【Example】
Example 1
100 parts of alumina, 12 parts of partially saponified polyvinyl acetate (UMR-10L, manufactured by Unitika Chemical Co., Ltd.)
6 parts or more of wax was kneaded with a kneader and three rolls, and the resulting kneaded product was pelletized with a granulator. Next, it was put into a screw-type heating extruder and subjected to hot extrusion molding to produce an alumina rod-like body having a diameter of 3 mm. When this was further dried at 105 ° C. for 1 hour, no warpage or blistering occurred, and a rod-like body having a stable diameter was obtained.
[0015]
Example 2
Zirconia 100 parts Polyvinyl acetate partially saponified 10 parts (UMR-10L manufactured by Unitika Chemical Co., Ltd.)
7 parts of wax 30 parts or more of water were kneaded with a kneader and 3 rolls, and the resulting kneaded product was pelletized with a granulator and then dried at 105 ° C. for 24 hours to remove moisture in the pellets. . Next, it was put into a screw extruder and subjected to hot extrusion molding to produce a zirconia rod-shaped body having a diameter of 1 mm. When this was further dried at 105 ° C. for 1 hour, no warpage or blistering occurred, and a rod-like body having a stable diameter was obtained.
[0016]
As a comparative example, when alumina, methylcellulose, and water were kneaded, pelletized, and extruded at a moisture content of 20%, swelling occurred immediately after extrusion, resulting in a rod-like body having a large variation in diameter.
[0017]
【The invention's effect】
The method for producing a ceramic molded body of the present invention has the following various characteristics as compared with the conventional production method. 1. Compared with the conventional method using water, there are few changes due to heat during extrusion and changes due to the external environment, and process management becomes easy. 2. In particular, a combination of partially saponified polyvinyl acetate as a binder and hot extrusion molding using a screw type , a ceramic molded body with excellent dimensional stability that does not swell or bend even in a molded body with a small diameter. Is obtained.

Claims (1)

少なくともセラミックス粉末と結合材を含む混練物を成形して成るセラミックス成形体の製造方法において、前記結合材の一部もしくは全部に下記2つの単位式の組合せからなる平均ケン化度が2〜75モル%のポリ酢酸ビニルの部分ケン化物を用い、さらにスクリュー式による熱間押出成形を用いることを特徴とし、膨れや曲がりのない、優れた寸法安定性を有する径の細いセラミックス成形体の製造方法。
Figure 0004854833
Figure 0004854833
In a method for producing a ceramic molded body formed by molding a kneaded material containing at least ceramic powder and a binder, the average saponification degree comprising a combination of the following two unit formulas in part or all of the binder is 2 to 75 mol. A method for producing a small-diameter ceramic molded article having excellent dimensional stability without swelling or bending, using a partially saponified product of 1 % polyvinyl acetate and further using a screw-type hot extrusion molding.
Figure 0004854833
Figure 0004854833
JP2000118817A 2000-04-20 2000-04-20 Manufacturing method of ceramic molded body Expired - Fee Related JP4854833B2 (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP7161295B2 (en) * 2018-03-14 2022-10-26 日本碍子株式会社 Manufacturing system for ceramic molded body and method for manufacturing ceramic molded body
US20210009478A1 (en) * 2019-03-13 2021-01-14 Goo Chemical Co., Ltd. Green sheet producing binder composition, baking slurry composition, method for manufacturing green sheet, method for manufacturing sintered product, and method for manufacturing monolithic ceramic capacitor
WO2020183637A1 (en) 2019-03-13 2020-09-17 互応化学工業株式会社 Slurry composition for firing, green sheet, method for producing green sheet, method for producing sintered body, and method for producing layered ceramic capacitor
CN111936448B (en) 2019-03-13 2023-04-04 互应化学工业株式会社 Firing slurry composition, green sheet, method for producing green sheet, sintered product, and monolithic ceramic capacitor

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JPS5820775A (en) * 1981-07-24 1983-02-07 住友化学工業株式会社 Manufacture of inorganic sintered body
JPS6217066A (en) * 1985-07-16 1987-01-26 信越化学工業株式会社 Composition for injection molding
JPH066505B2 (en) * 1985-09-24 1994-01-26 株式会社クラレ Hot-melt binder for ceramics production
JPH04114952A (en) * 1990-09-04 1992-04-15 Kuraray Co Ltd Binder for production of ceramics
JPH05179309A (en) * 1991-12-26 1993-07-20 Tokin Corp Method and die for extrusion

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