JP4854607B2 - Segment joint structure - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a joint structure of segments for forming a segment connection structure in which segments are continuous, such as a shield tunnel lining segment.

  The joint structure of the shield tunnel lining segment is generally a system in which a bolt box is provided on the inner surface of the segment at the segment joint and the segments are fastened with bolts and nuts from the inner surface of the segment. However, in shield tunnels such as sewers and joint ditch construction, it is required that the inner surface of the segment is smooth and the bolt box is not visible on the surface.

  For this reason, a joint structure has been developed in which the segments are fastened with bolts and nuts inside the segments (for example, Patent Document 1). The invention of Patent Document 1 arranges a guide pipe through which a bolt can be inserted into a segment between one joining plate and the other joining plate, and a nut is fixed to the inner surface of the joining plate with a nut holder, A bolt is inserted through the guide pipe and screwed into a nut to fasten the segments together. The fastening operation can be efficiently performed using a short bolt.

  Patent Documents 2 and 3 are prior art documents related to the present invention. The invention of Patent Document 2 is a coupler in which a sheath tube is embedded between one end surface and the other end surface in a segment, a long bolt, and a bolt head engaged with a recess at one end and a female screw hole at the other end. The bolt and coupler are placed in the sheath tube so that they cannot be pulled out by the engaging convex part, and the coupler is rotated by a fastening machine to rotate the bolt and to the female screw hole of the segment side coupler that fastens the bolt tip. It is screwed to fasten the segments together. Since the bolt is disposed in the sheath tube in advance, the long bolt insertion operation is eliminated, and the fastening operation is facilitated.

  In the invention of Patent Document 3, the segments of the curved portion of the hollow structure are fastened with a bending bolt. By using the bent bolt, the stress transmission between the members becomes uniform on the joining surface, and joining work such as nut tightening from the outside of the hollow structure becomes easy.

JP 2006-291491 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-317496 JP 2003-328694 A

  In the construction of the curved part of the shield tunnel, the angle of the ring of each segment changes in accordance with the curvature. Therefore, the direction in which the fastening bolt is inserted changes, and a normal bolt / nut cannot easily cope with it. Further, the joint structure using the guide pipe described above has problems such as a relatively complicated structure and poor workability.

  Further, in the method of fastening a plurality of curved surface members with bending bolts, it is necessary to process curved fastening holes in the curved surface members, which is difficult to process and has poor workability such as insertion and fastening of bending bolts. Further, since the bent bolt is exposed to the outside, further measures are required for ensuring the quality against the corrosive environment.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and can be fastened with bolts and nuts even when the insertion direction of the fastening bolt changes in each segment, such as in the construction of a curved portion of a shield tunnel. It is possible to provide a joint structure of segments which can obtain a required fastening strength by a relatively simple joint structure and a relatively easy fastening operation.

  The invention according to claim 1 of the present invention is a joint structure of segments for fastening segments to each other by a male screw member and a female screw member to form a segment connection structure in which the segments are continuous. A fastening hole penetrating from the end face to the other joining end face is formed to be continuous in the segment connecting direction, and an enlarged diameter portion having an inner diameter larger than the inner diameter of the fastening hole is formed on at least one joining end face side of the fastening hole. By connecting the male screw member that can be inserted and arranged in the fastening hole from the enlarged diameter portion side and the female screw member that is inserted and arranged in the enlarged diameter portion and can be locked to the step of the enlarged diameter portion, A through screw member longer than the thickness dimension in the connecting direction is formed, and the effective diameter D of the female screw member is larger than the effective diameter d of the male screw member. The tip of the segment of the male screw member is screwed in inclined at an inclination angle α with respect to the segment connecting direction in the female screw member of the other segment, a joint structure of a segment, characterized by being screwed.

  The present invention is applied to a curved portion of a shield tunnel constituted by lining segment rings, a bent structure constituted by connecting segments in a curved shape (FIGS. 9 and 10), etc., and linear segment connection. This is applied when the fastening holes are inclined (bent) with each other due to manufacturing errors or the like in the structure (FIG. 8). The segments include RC segments, steel segments, steel composite segments, concrete blocks, steel shells, caisson blocks, and other precast members.

  The long through screw member (through bolt member) can be formed by integrally processing a male screw member (bolt member) and a female screw member (nut member), or by screwing a separate male screw member (bolt member) and female screw member (nut member). -It can be obtained by connecting integrally by adhesives, welding, etc. (refer FIG. 4). In either case, the nut member is formed so as to form a bolt head having a diameter larger than that of the shaft portion of the bolt member, and is arranged in the enlarged diameter portion of the fastening hole, and is locked to the step so as to be fastened in a predetermined manner. A force is obtained (see FIGS. 1 and 3). The fastening hole and the enlarged diameter portion can be formed by a sheath, a sheath tube, or the like, and a sheath or the like can be made unnecessary by forming a sheath-shaped mold in the mold at the time of producing the precast concrete.

  There are cases where the nut member does not protrude from the joining end face of the segment (see FIG. 1), and cases where the nut member protrudes from the joining end face of the segment and is disposed across both adjacent segments (see FIG. 6). In the former case, the enlarged diameter portion is provided on one side of the fastening hole. In the latter case, the enlarged diameter portions are provided on both sides of the fastening hole, and the shearing force of the joint surface can be resisted by a large diameter nut member.

  In the segment joint structure as described above, a tapered portion is formed at the tip of the bolt member (see FIG. 4), and the effective diameter D of the nut member is greater than the effective diameter d of the bolt member (see FIG. 2). ) Even if there is an inclination angle α, the tip of the bolt member can be easily screwed into the nut member of the segment to be joined, and the segments can be screwed together while absorbing the inclination angle α by the play amount of the bolt member and the nut member Can be firmly fastened. Ultimately, a joint structure in which a plurality of through-bolt members are connected to one is obtained.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the segment joint structure according to the first aspect, the relationship between the effective diameter D of the female screw member and the effective diameter d of the male screw member is 0.1H ≦ D−d ≦ 1.5H (H : Thread height).

  The inclination angle α is, for example, a small angle of about 1.5 degrees to 2 degrees. As shown in FIG. 11, as the effective diameter difference (D−d) increases, the inclination angle, that is, the absorption angle difference α increases. However, since the fitting strength of the screw thread gradually decreases, if it is in the above range, sufficient screw fastening strength can be obtained while absorbing the inclination angle α. In order to obtain a larger absorption angle difference α and a larger screw fastening strength, it is preferable that 0.2H ≦ D−d ≦ 1H.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the segment joint structure according to the first or second aspect, the external shape of the female screw member (nut member) is a polygon, and the female screw member and the enlarged diameter portion The segment joint structure is characterized in that a stopper member for preventing the rotation of the female screw member is disposed between the inner surface and the inner surface.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the joint structure for a segment according to the third aspect, the female screw is disposed between the female screw member (nut member) and the stopper member along at least one surface of the outer shape of the female screw member. A segment joint structure characterized in that a lock member for preventing rotation of the member is disposed.

  As shown in FIG. 7, these stopper members and lock members prevent the nut members from rotating when the nut members and bolt members are screwed in and prevent loosening after fastening. It is.

  One end of the plate-like stopper member is attached to the inner surface of the enlarged diameter portion, and the other end is applied to the outer surface of the nut member or the outer surface of the lock member to prevent the nut member from rotating. In addition, a lock member having a U-shape or a U-shape is used, and the rotation of the nut member is prevented by using it together with the stopper member.

  This lock member has a nut width s, an outermost diameter e of the nut, an inner face width h of the lock member, a plate thickness t of the lock member, and a distance L from the nut axis to the stopper member. <H <e and s / 2 + t <L <e / 2 + t are satisfied. The lock member may be a flat bar.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the joint structure for a segment according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, a female screw member (nut) is provided between the male screw member (bolt member) and the inner surface of the fastening hole. It is a joint structure of a segment characterized by being filled with a filler between the inner surface of the enlarged diameter portion of the member.

  Since the bolt member and the nut member are arranged inside the segment and are not directly exposed to the external environment, they are very advantageous for rust and corrosion prevention. However, as shown in FIG. By filling the material (cement mortar, antioxidant, etc.), it is possible to improve the fastening strength and the rust and corrosion resistance.

  Since the present invention is configured as described above, the following effects can be obtained.

  (1) The segments can be firmly fastened with screws while absorbing the inclination angle α of the segment with the play amount of the bolt member and nut member. Even if the insertion direction changes, it can be easily fastened with bolts and nuts.

  (2) Since a bolt member and a nut member are integrated into a long through-bolt member, the through-bolt member of the next segment can be inserted and screwed into the through-bolt member of the previous segment as it is. A joint is obtained, the fastening operation is easy, and the cost can be greatly reduced.

  (3) The nut member and the bolt member can be prevented from loosening by a stopper member or a lock member having a relatively simple structure.

  (4) By filling the filler in the fastening hole or the enlarged diameter portion, it is possible to improve the fastening strength and the rust, corrosion and anticorrosion effect.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described based on the illustrated embodiments. This embodiment is a case where it applies to the segment connection structure which has the lining segment ring of the curve part of a shield tunnel, an arch-shaped hollow structure, and another curve part.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing in cross section an example of a basic structure when the segment joint structure of the present invention is applied to a curved portion of a segment connection structure. Segments S _{1 to} S _{3 serving} as fastening members are respectively shown in FIG. They are continuously arranged in a state where they are inclined at a minute inclination angle α (for example, about 1.5 to 2 degrees) with respect to the connecting direction, and are fastened by the segment joint structure of the present invention.

  The segment joint structure of the present invention mainly includes a fastening hole 1 provided in each segment S so as to penetrate the segment in the connecting direction, a diameter-enlarged portion 2 provided at one end of the fastening hole 1, and the inside of the fastening hole 1. A bolt member (male screw member) 3 and a nut member (female screw member) 4 as a bolt head, which are inserted from the diameter-enlarged portion side of one end, are formed of an integral through bolt member 5. Then, it is screwed into the nut member 4 of the segment to be joined, and the segments are firmly fastened with screws while absorbing the inclination angle α by the play amount of the bolt member 3 and the nut member 4 as will be described later. Eventually, a joint structure in which a plurality of through bolt members 5 are connected to one is obtained.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the relationship between the male screw and the female screw of the bolt member 3 and the nut member 4, where the effective diameter D of the nut member 4, the effective diameter d of the bolt member 3, and the thread height H are as follows.
0.1H ≦ D−d ≦ 1.5H (Formula 1)
To satisfy. As shown in FIG. 11, when the difference in effective diameter (D−d) increases, the absorption angle difference (inclination angle) α increases and the fitting strength of the screw gradually decreases. Therefore, within the range of the above formula 1, sufficient screw fastening strength can be obtained while absorbing the segment angle difference α. Actually, 0.2H ≦ D−d ≦ 1H (Formula 2) is more preferable. A larger absorption angle difference α and a larger screw fastening strength can be obtained.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the fastening hole 1 is formed so as to penetrate from one joining end face of each segment S to the other joining end face, and the fastening hole 1 of each segment S is continuous in the segment connecting direction. It is formed. The fastening holes 1 of adjacent segments S are bent and communicated with each other with an angle difference (inclination angle) α. The inner diameter of the fastening hole 1 is larger than the outer diameter of the bolt member 3, and the bolt member 3 is inserted therethrough. As the cross-sectional shape of the fastening hole 1, various shapes such as a circle and a rectangle can be used.

  The enlarged diameter portion 2 is a concave portion having a circular shape or the like in a front view formed by matching the central axis with the end of the fastening hole 1 on the bolt insertion side (segment assembly apparatus side), and has an inner diameter larger than the inner diameter of the fastening hole 1. Have. As will be described later, a nut 4 as a bolt head of the bolt member 3 is disposed, and the nut 4 is locked to the step 2a of the enlarged diameter portion 2, whereby a predetermined fastening force is obtained. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of the shape of the step 2a of the diameter-expanded portion 2. A right-angled step or a tapered step is used.

  The fastening hole 1 and the expanded diameter portion 2 can be formed by a synthetic resin or metal sheath or sheath tube 6, but an RC segment, a steel synthetic segment, a concrete filled ductile segment, or the like is used for the segment. In some cases, by forming a sheath-shaped formwork when placing concrete, a sheath or sheath tube is not required, and costs can be reduced.

  FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of an integrated structure of the bolt member 3 and the nut member 4. The nut member 4 is integrated with the base end side of the bolt member 3 having a tapered portion 3 a and a male screw portion 3 b formed at the tip. Process. The nut member 4 has a recessed female screw hole 4a. A step corresponding to the step 2a of the enlarged diameter portion 2 in FIG. Alternatively, the bolt member 3 and the nut member 4 are manufactured separately, attached to the base end of the bolt member 3 with screws, further fixed with a locking member, or fixed with an adhesive or welding 10. The length of the through bolt member 5 including the bolt member 3 and the nut member 4 having such an integrated structure is larger than the thickness dimension in the connecting direction of the segment S, and the tip of the bolt member 3 is connected to the nut member 4 of the adjacent segment. Can be screwed in.

  As shown in FIG. 5, after the segment S is fastened by the bolt member 3 and the nut member 4, the gap between the fastening hole 1 and the bolt member 3, the gap between the enlarged diameter portion 2 and the nut member 4, and the nut member 4 Filling material (cement mortar, antioxidant, etc.) 7 is filled between the bolts inside to improve the fastening strength and the anticorrosive effect.

  FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing another example of the basic structure of the segment joint structure of the present invention as a cross section, and shows a case where the nut member 4 is disposed across the joining surface of the segment S. FIG. Although it is necessary to form the enlarged diameter part 2 on both sides of the segment S, the nut member 4 having a large diameter can resist the shearing force.

  Furthermore, in the segment joint, there is a joint in which the shear force is excellent in the joint bolt, and there is a case in which a high tension bolt is used to increase the shear resistance. When considering the bolt proof strength, as shown in FIG. 12, as shown in FIG. 12, the segment joining nut member 4-1 and the nut member 4-in which the shear resistance is not the bolt body but the resistance cross-sectional area is larger. A double nut method can be used.

  FIG. 7 is a front view of a segment that shows a member that prevents the nut member from loosening, as viewed from the wife side. A plate-like stopper member 20 and a lock member 21 having a U-shape or a U-shape when viewed from the front are arranged around the nut member 4 in the enlarged diameter portion 2, and only the stopper member 20 or the stopper member is arranged. The nut member 4 is constrained by the lock member 21 and the lock member 21 to prevent the bolt member 3 and the nut member 4 from rotating, to prevent rotation when the bolt member is screwed, and to prevent loosening after fastening.

  The stopper member 20 is disposed between the inner surface of the enlarged diameter portion 2 and the nut member 4, and one end is attached to the sheath tube, sheath tube, or projection of the RC segment by screwing or welding, and the other end is locked member 21. Alternatively, the nut member 4 is brought into contact with the outer surface to prevent the nut member 4 from rotating.

  The lock member 21 has a plate portion 21 a arranged along two parallel surfaces of the outer surface of the nut member 4, and the nut member 4 is sandwiched between the two parallel plate portions 21 a to rotate the nut member 4. Is restrained.

When the nut member has a two-surface width s, an outermost diameter e of the nut member, an inner two-surface width h of the lock member, a plate thickness t of the lock member, and a distance L from the nut axis to the stopper member,
s <h <e and s / 2 + t <L <e / 2 + t (Formula 3)
To satisfy. The lock member 21 is not limited to a U-shape, and may be a flat bar. The lock member 21 can be prevented from rotating only by being disposed between the nut member 4 and the stopper member 20.

  In the configuration as described above, as shown in FIG. 1, the next segment is assembled to the previous segment so that the fastening holes are aligned and communicated, and the through bolt member 5 is inserted into the fastening hole 2, and the nut member By rotating 4 with a fastening jig, the bolt member 3 is screwed into the nut member 4 of the previous segment. When the fastening is completed, the stopper member 20 and the lock member 21 are arranged around the nut member 4 to prevent the nut member 4 from rotating. Filling material 7 is filled as required.

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing another example of a segment connection structure to which the present invention is applied, in which segments S _{1 to} S ₃ as fastened members are continuously arranged linearly with respect to the connection direction, This is a case where the fastening holes 1 themselves are inclined at a minute inclination angle α due to manufacturing errors or the like. Also in this case, the segments can be firmly fastened with screws while absorbing the inclination angle α by the play amount of the bolt member 3 and the nut member 4 by the segment joint structure of the present invention.

  FIG. 9 is a plan view showing an example of a bent structure of a segment connection structure to which the present invention is applied. In the case of a detour structure in which segments S are continuously arranged in an S shape avoiding a building. is there. Also in this case, the segments can be firmly fastened with screws while absorbing the inclination angle α by the play amount of the bolt member 3 and the nut member 4 by the segment joint structure of the present invention. In the case of a shield tunnel, the segment ring is arranged avoiding the building.

  FIG. 10 is a front view showing another example of a bent structure of a segment connection structure to which the present invention is applied, and is a case of a hollow structure in which segments S are continuously arranged in an arch shape. Also in this case, the segments can be firmly fastened with screws while absorbing the inclination angle α by the play amount of the bolt member 3 and the nut member 4 by the segment joint structure of the present invention.

  Needless to say, the present invention is not limited to the illustrated examples.

It is a perspective view showing an example of the basic structure at the time of applying the segment joint structure of the present invention to the curved part of a segment connection structure. It is sectional drawing which shows the relationship between the external thread of the bolt member of this invention, and a nut member, and an internal thread. It is sectional drawing which shows the example of the shape of the level | step difference of the enlarged diameter part of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the example of the integral structure of the bolt member and nut member of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the filler of the fastening hole and diameter expansion hole of this invention. It is a perspective view showing other examples of the basic structure of the segment joint structure of the present invention in section. It is the front view seen from the wife side of the segment which shows the member which prevents the loosening of the nut member of the present invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the other example of the segment connection structure to which this invention is applied. It is a top view which shows the example of the bending structure of the segment connection structure to which this invention is applied. It is a front view which shows the other example of the bending structure of the segment connection structure to which this invention is applied. It is a graph which shows the relationship between the absorption angle difference (inclination angle) (alpha) with respect to the effective diameter difference of the bolt member of this invention, and the fitting strength of a screw. It is sectional drawing which shows the example at the time of using a double nut for the nut member of the segment joint structure of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

S …… Segment 1 …… Fastening hole 2 …… Expansion hole 3 …… Bolt member (Male thread member)
3a ... Tapered portion 3b ... Male screw 4 ... Nut member (female screw member)
4a ... Female screw hole 5 ... Through bolt member (through screw member)
6 …… Sheath or sheath tube 7 …… Filling material 20 …… Stopper member 21 …… Lock member 21a… Plate part

Claims (5)

It is a joint structure of segments for fastening segments together with a male screw member and a female screw member to form a segment connection structure in which the segments are continuous.
In each segment, a fastening hole penetrating from one joining end face to the other joining end face is formed so as to be continuous in the segment connecting direction, and at least one joining end face side of the fastening hole has a larger inner diameter than the fastening hole. A large-diameter enlarged-diameter portion is formed, and a male screw member that can be inserted and arranged in the fastening hole from the enlarged-diameter side, and a female screw member that is inserted and arranged in the enlarged-diameter portion and can be locked to the step of the enlarged-diameter portion. By connecting together, a through screw member longer than the thickness dimension in the connecting direction of the segments is formed, and the effective diameter D of the female screw member is larger than the effective diameter d of the male screw member, and the pair of segments to be connected is connected. The tip of the male screw member of one segment is screwed into the female screw member of the other segment at an inclination angle α with respect to the segment connecting direction and screwed. Hand structure. In the segment joint structure according to claim 1, the relationship between the effective diameter D of the female screw member and the effective diameter d of the male screw member is:
0.1H ≦ D−d ≦ 1.5H (H: Thread height)
A segment joint structure characterized by satisfying   3. The joint structure for a segment according to claim 1, wherein the external thread member has a polygonal outer shape, and a stopper that prevents rotation of the internal thread member between the internal thread member and the inner surface of the enlarged diameter portion. A joint structure of a segment, wherein members are arranged.   The joint structure of the segment according to claim 3, wherein a lock member is disposed between the female screw member and the stopper member along at least one surface of the outer shape of the female screw member to prevent rotation of the female screw member. A segment joint structure characterized by   The segment joint structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a filler is filled between the male screw member and the inner surface of the fastening hole and between the inner surface of the enlarged diameter portion of the female screw member. A segment joint structure characterized by

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