JP4852300B2 - Battery pack - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a battery pack, and more particularly to a battery pack that is suitably implemented for a lithium secondary battery that requires safety.

  As is well known, the lithium secondary battery is required to have particularly high safety, and various protection measures against overcharge and the like have been proposed. For example, in Patent Document 1, another protection system including a temperature detection unit and a switch unit that short-circuits between terminals is provided outside a control IC that controls charging and discharging, and the overcharge and overdischarge can be detected by the control IC. Even if not, when the temperature detecting means detects an overheated state, the switch means has a double protection function for causing the control IC to detect such an abnormality by short-circuiting the terminals of the battery pack.

However, in this prior art, even if the protection operation is performed by detecting an abnormality in another protection system, it is the control IC that performs the protection operation such as actually turning off the FET interposed in the charging path. If the control IC fails, the protective operation cannot be performed. For this reason, another prior art has been proposed in which a separate control IC is provided in the control IC for double protection, and each performs a protection operation individually.
JP 2000-195560 A

  As described above, by providing a control IC for double protection separately from the control IC for charge / discharge control, the protection operation is surely performed. There is a problem that it is not possible to recognize that has worked. That is, the control IC performs an operation while communicating with the charger, such as transmitting the voltage value and current value of the requested charging current to the charger. Although it may be possible to recognize on the charger side, the control IC for double protection provided separately from the control IC does not communicate with the charger, and communication means, terminals, etc. No means necessary for communication is provided.

  For this reason, the charger recognizes that the protection operation by the control IC has expired, for example, the sensor input to the control IC is cut off, and the protection operation by the control IC for double protection is performed. This causes a problem that the charging current continues to be supplied.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a battery pack that allows the charger side to recognize that the double protection operation has been performed.

  In the battery pack of the present invention, the charge control circuit controls the charging current from the charger to charge the secondary battery, and a protection circuit is provided separately from the charge control circuit for double protection in the event of an abnormality. The battery pack includes a communication unit, and the protection circuit transmits a signal representing the execution of the protection operation to the charger via the communication unit when the protection operation is performed.

  According to the above configuration, the charging current from the charger is such that the charging control circuit performs a protective operation such as turning off the FET interposed in the charging path to cut off the charging current against overcharging or overvoltage. In addition to charging the secondary battery by controlling the charge control circuit, a protection circuit is provided separately from the charge control circuit for double protection in case of abnormality against the expiration of the protection operation by the charge control circuit. In the battery pack, the protection circuit transmits a signal representing the execution of the protection operation to the charger via the communication unit when the protection operation is executed.

  Therefore, the charger side can also recognize that the double protection operation has functioned, and even if the protection operation by the charge control circuit expires and continues to supply the charging current, it is shut off. Can be improved.

  In the battery pack of the present invention, the communication means is a communication unit in the charge control circuit.

  According to the above configuration, the charging control circuit communicates with the charger while the charging control circuit communicates with the charger, such as transmitting the voltage value and current value of the requested charging current from the communication unit to the charger. In the configuration for controlling, the protection circuit transmits a signal representing execution of the protection operation from the communication unit to the charger.

  Therefore, it is not necessary to newly provide a communication unit in order for the protection circuit to transmit a signal indicating execution of the protection operation to the charger. In general, the double protection operation by the protection circuit provided separately is higher than the protection operation by the charge control circuit, for example, the determination voltage of the overcharge is high, and the operation threshold is high. While the protection operation by the charge control circuit may be recoverable, such as turning off the FET, the protection operation by the protection circuit is more damaging to the battery pack, such as blowing a fuse. Therefore, when the charge control circuit recognizes that the double protection operation has worked, it can take more appropriate measures such as communicating that the battery pack is unusable to the charger or load device. .

  Furthermore, in the battery pack of the present invention, the communication means is provided in association with a temperature detection means for notifying the charge control circuit of the temperature of the secondary battery, and the temperature detection means is performed when the protection operation is performed. It is a switching element which short-circuits between these terminals and outputs a pseudo high temperature signal to a charger.

  According to said structure, temperature detection means, such as a thermistor, detects the temperature of the said secondary battery, and outputs the detection result to the said charger, The overheating state by overcharge, overcurrent, etc. is made into a charger. In a configuration in which a protection operation such as recognizing and cutting off a charging current is performed, the protection circuit short-circuits a signal representing the execution of the protection operation between terminals of the thermistor with a switching element. Output from the detection means to the charger in the form of a pseudo high temperature signal.

  Therefore, even when the charging control circuit cannot report the abnormality to the charger due to an abnormality of the charging control circuit or a failure of the communication unit, the protection circuit uses the configuration relating to the temperature detection means to the charger. Abnormality can be notified. In addition, as in the case of informing the charger using the communication unit of the charge control circuit, the charge control circuit does not need to be changed, and an existing configuration can be used.

  Further, the battery pack of the present invention includes a fuse connected in series with each other in a charging path from the charger to the secondary battery, and a fusing resistor and a switching element for fusing the connection point of the fuse. The protection operation by at least one of the charge control circuit and the protection circuit is ON driving of the switching element.

  According to said structure, it is provided in the charge path | route from the said charger to a secondary battery, and it is for protection with respect to ON failure etc. of the FET for charge controlled by ON / OFF by the said charge control circuit, and FET for discharge In addition to providing a fuse divided in series in the charging path, a resistor and a switching element for grounding the midpoint are provided. Then, at least one of the charge control circuit or the protection circuit performs the protection operation by driving the switching element ON, so that the battery pack is connected to the connection point regardless of whether the battery pack is set in the charger. The secondary battery side can be reliably disconnected from the outside of the battery pack.

  Specifically, when the switching element is turned on by the protection operation, the two fuses are blown by the heat generated by the heating resistor. At this time, in the charged state, even if the fuse on the secondary battery side is blown first, the charging current is supplied from the charger so that the fuse on the charger side is also blown later. If the secondary battery can supply a current for driving the switching element to at least one of the charge control circuit or the protection circuit, the fuse on the secondary battery side can also be blown, and the secondary battery If the battery cannot be supplied, the fuse on the secondary battery side remains unfused, but the secondary battery side can be reliably disconnected from the outside of the battery pack with respect to the connection point.

  On the other hand, if the secondary battery can supply a current for driving the switching element to at least one of the charge control circuit or the protection circuit in a discharged state where the battery pack is not set in the charger, the charger side first The fuse on the secondary battery side will also be blown later, and if the fuse on the secondary battery side is blown first, the fuse on the charger side will remain unfused. The secondary battery side can be reliably separated from the outside of the battery pack. Thus, regardless of whether or not the battery pack is set in the charger as described above, the secondary battery side can be reliably disconnected from the outside of the battery pack with respect to the connection point.

  Furthermore, in the battery pack of the present invention, a charging switching element and a discharging switching element that are ON / OFF controlled by the charging control circuit are interposed in series in a charging path from the charger to the secondary battery. The charge control circuit controls the charging and discharging switching elements to perform charging and discharging control and protection operations, and drives the fuse blowing switching element to ON to blow the fuse. A protection operation is performed at the time of abnormality, and the protection circuit performs a double protection operation by driving the fuse blowing switching element to ON to blow the fuse.

  According to the above configuration, the charging control circuit performs a protective operation to shut off the charging current by turning off the switching element interposed in the charging path against overcharge, overvoltage, etc. Even if the battery expires, the charging control circuit blows the fuse, so that it is possible to perform a protection operation in such an abnormal state. Even when the protection operation in which the charge control circuit blows the fuse expires due to an abnormality in the charge control circuit, the protection circuit blows the fuse. Thus, a reliable double protection operation can be realized.

  In the battery pack of the present invention, as described above, the charging control circuit controls the charging current from the charger, such as performing a protective operation such as turning off the FET interposed in the charging path to cut off the charging current. In a battery pack in which a secondary battery is charged and a protection circuit is provided separately from the charge control circuit for double protection at the time of anomaly against the expiration of the protection operation by the charge control circuit. The protection circuit transmits a signal representing the execution of the protection operation to the charger via the communication unit when the protection operation is executed.

  Therefore, the charger side can also recognize that the double protection operation has functioned, and even if the protection operation by the charge control circuit expires and the charging current continues to be supplied, it is shut off. Can be improved.

[Embodiment 1]
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an electrical configuration of a charging system according to an embodiment of the present invention. The charging system includes a battery pack 1 and a charger 2 that charges the battery pack 1. However, an electronic device system may be configured to further include a load device (not shown) that receives power from the battery pack 1. . In that case, although the battery pack 1 is charged from the charger 2 in FIG. 1, the battery pack 1 may be attached to the load device and charged through the load device. The battery pack 1 and the charger 2 are connected to each other by DC high-side terminals T11 and T21 that supply power, communication signal terminals T12 and T22, and GND terminals T13 and T23 for power supply and communication signals. . Similar terminals are also provided when the load device is provided.

  In the battery pack 1, the DC high-side charging path 11 extending from the terminal T11 includes fuses 24 and 25, and FETs 12 and 13 having different conductivity types for charging and discharging. The charging path 11 is connected to the high-side terminal of the assembled battery 14. A low side terminal of the assembled battery 14 is connected to the GND terminal T13 via a DC low side charging path 15, and the charging path 15 includes a current detection resistor 16 that converts charging current and discharging current into voltage values. Is intervened.

  The assembled battery 14 includes a plurality of secondary battery cells connected in series and parallel, and the temperature of the cells is detected by a temperature sensor 17 and input to an analog / digital converter 19 in a control IC 18. The voltage between the terminals of each cell is read by the voltage detection circuit 20 and input to the analog / digital converter 19 in the control IC 18. Furthermore, the current value detected by the current detection resistor 16 is also input to the analog / digital converter 19 in the control IC 18. The analog / digital converter 19 converts each input value into a digital value and outputs it to the safety protection control unit 21.

  The safety protection control unit 21 includes a microcomputer and its peripheral circuits and the like, and in response to each input value from the analog / digital converter 19, a charging current for requesting an output from the charger 2. The voltage value and the current value are calculated and transmitted from the communication unit 22 to the charger 2 via the terminals T12, T22; T13, T23. In addition, the safety protection control unit 21 detects an abnormality outside the battery pack 1 such as a short circuit between the terminals T11 and T13 or an abnormal current from the charger 2 from each input value from the analog / digital converter 19. A protection operation such as blocking the FETs 12 and 13 is performed against an abnormal temperature rise of the assembled battery 14.

  Further, the safety protection control unit 21 blows the fuses 24 and 25 interposed in series with the charging path 11 in the case of a serious abnormality such as an abnormal overvoltage of the cell. The connection point of the fuses 24 and 25 is grounded via a heating resistor 26 and a switching element FET 27. When the safety protection control unit 21 turns on the switching element FET 27, the heating resistor 26 is generated. The fuses 24 and 25 are melted by the heat.

  On the other hand, a double protection IC 23 for taking in the detection result of the voltage detection circuit 20 is provided. When the detection result of the voltage detection circuit 20 exceeds a predetermined threshold voltage, the double protection IC 23 The fuses 24 and 25 are blown by turning ON. Therefore, with respect to the fuses 24 and 25, the control IC 18 which is a charging control circuit and the double protection IC 23 which is a protection circuit provided separately from the control IC 18 are used to provide a double protection against the overvoltage state of the cell. A protection system is provided.

  The overvoltage threshold voltage during normal charging / discharging when the safety protection control unit 21 shuts off the FETs 12 and 13 as switching elements is, for example, 4.35 V per cell, and the safety protection control unit 21 and the double protection IC 23 The threshold voltage for fusing the fuses 24 and 25 is, for example, 4.4V per cell, and can be restored by an overvoltage during normal use. Improvements are being made.

  When the FET 27 is turned on by at least one of the safety protection control unit 21 and the double protection IC 23, the two fuses 24 and 25 are blown by the heat generated by the heating resistor 26. Then, even if the fuse 25 on the assembled battery 14 side is blown first, the charging current is supplied from the charger 2 so that the fuse 24 on the charger 2 side is also blown later, and the fuse on the charger 2 side is blown first. Even if the battery 24 is blown, if the battery pack 14 can supply a current for driving the FET 27 to at least one of the control IC or the double protection IC 23, the fuse 25 on the battery pack 14 side can also be blown, and the battery pack 14 can If the battery cannot be supplied, the fuse 25 on the assembled battery 14 side remains unfused, but the assembled battery 14 side is surely disconnected from the outside of the battery pack 1 with respect to the connection point. It can be.

  On the other hand, if the battery pack 1 can be supplied with a current for driving the FET 27 to at least one of the control IC 18 or the double protection IC 23 in a discharged state where the battery pack 1 is not set in the charger 2, the charger first Even if the fuse 24 on the second side is blown, the fuse 25 on the side of the assembled battery 14 is also blown later. If the fuse 25 on the side of the assembled battery 14 is blown first, the fuse 24 on the side of the charger 2 is left unfused. However, the assembled battery 14 side from the connection point can be reliably separated from the outside of the battery pack 1.

  In this way, by using the fuses 24 and 25 in series with each other, the connection point is grounded by the heating resistor 26 and the FET 27, so that the connection point is determined regardless of whether or not the battery pack 1 is set in the charger 2. In addition, the assembled battery 14 side can be reliably separated from the outside of the battery pack 1.

  On the other hand, in the charger 2, the request is received by the communication unit 32 of the control IC 30, and the charging control unit 31 controls the charging current supply circuit 33 to supply the charging current with the voltage value and the current value. . The charging current supply circuit 33 is composed of an AC-DC converter, a DC-DC converter, etc., and converts an input voltage into a voltage value, a current value, and a pulse width instructed by the charging control unit 31, and a terminal T21, T11: Supply to charging paths 11 and 16 via T23 and T13.

  In the charging system configured as described above, it should be noted that, in the present embodiment, when the double protection IC 23 performs the protection operation for driving the FET 27 to ON, the signal for driving the ON will be the safety of the control IC 18. It is also input to the protection control unit 21, and the safety protection control unit 21 transmits a signal representing execution of the double protection operation from the communication unit 22, which is a communication unit, to the charger 2.

  Therefore, the charger 2 side can also recognize that the double protection IC 23 has been operated. For example, the input from the voltage detection circuit 20 to the analog / digital converter 19 is interrupted, or the analog / digital converter 19 fails. Even if the protection operation by the safety protection control circuit 21 expires and the charging current continues to be supplied, the safety can be improved, for example, by shutting it off. In general, the double protection operation by the separately provided double protection IC has a higher operation threshold than the normal protection operation by the safety protection control circuit 21 as described above. The normal protection operation by the safety protection control unit 21 may be recoverable by turning off the FETs 12 and 13, while the protection operation by the double protection IC 23 blows the fuses 24 and 25. Since the battery pack 1 is more damaging, the battery pack 1 cannot be used for the charger 2 or the load device when the safety protection control unit 21 recognizes that the double protection operation has been performed. It is possible to take a more appropriate response such as communication.

[Embodiment 2]
FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an electrical configuration of a charging system according to another embodiment of the present invention. This charging system is similar to the above-described charging system, and corresponding portions are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted. It should be noted that in the present embodiment, the battery pack 1a is provided with another temperature sensor 29 for detecting the temperature of the assembled battery 14, and the detection result of the temperature sensor 29 is displayed together with the GND terminal T13. The terminal T14 for output to the charger 2a side is provided. Correspondingly, a terminal T24 is provided also on the charger 2a side, an analog / digital converter 34 is provided in the control IC 30a, and the detection result of the temperature sensor 29 is abnormal in the charge control unit 31a. Sometimes, the charging current supply circuit 33 stops supplying the charging current.

  In parallel with the temperature sensor 29, there is provided an FET 28 which is a communication means and is a switching element. The FET 28 is controlled by the double protection IC 23 together with the FET 27. The temperature sensor 29 is composed of a thermistor or the like, and exhibits a high resistance value at a low temperature and a low resistance value at a high temperature. Therefore, when the double protection IC 23 performs the double protection operation in which the FET 27 is turned on and the fuses 24 and 25 are blown by an abnormal overvoltage, the FET 28 is also turned on and the terminals of the temperature sensor 29 are short-circuited to the charger 2a. A pseudo high temperature signal is output. In response to this, the charging control unit 31a causes the charging current supply circuit 33 to stop supplying the charging current.

  Even in this configuration, the charger 2a side can also recognize that the double protection IC 23 has been operated, the protection operation by the safety protection control circuit 21 has expired, and the charging current continues to be supplied. It can also improve safety, such as blocking it. In addition, by making the charger 2a recognize that the double protection IC 23 is operated through the signal path by the temperature sensor 29 in this way, the existing element that does not have the double protection communication function is used for the control IC 18a. Can do.

  In the present invention, the control IC controls the charging current from the charger while communicating with the charger, and charges the secondary battery. In a battery pack in which a double protection IC is separately provided for double protection, the double protection IC is a signal representing execution of the protection operation to the charger via the control IC when the protection operation is executed. Therefore, the charger side can also recognize that the double protection operation has been performed, and can improve safety, such as cutting off the charging current.

It is a block diagram which shows the electric constitution of the charging system which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows the electric constitution of the charging system which concerns on other embodiment of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

1, 1a Battery pack 2, 2a Charger 11, 15 Charging path 12, 13, 27, 28 FET
14 Battery assembly 16 Current detection resistor 17, 29 Temperature sensor 18, 18a, 30, 30a Control IC
19, 34 Analog / digital converter 20 Voltage detection circuit 21 Safety protection control unit 22, 32 Communication unit 23 Double protection IC
24, 25 Fuse 26 Heating resistor 31 Charge controller 33 Charging current supply circuit T11, T21; T12, T22; T13, T23; T14, T24 terminals

Claims (5)

In the battery pack in which the charge control circuit controls the charging current from the charger to charge the secondary battery, and a protection circuit is provided separately from the charge control circuit for double protection in the event of an abnormality.
A battery pack comprising: a communication unit, wherein the protection circuit transmits a signal representing execution of the protection operation to a charger via the communication unit when the protection operation is performed.   The battery pack according to claim 1, wherein the communication unit is a communication unit in the charge control circuit.   The communication means is provided in association with a temperature detection means for notifying the charge control circuit of the temperature of the secondary battery, and short-circuits between the terminals of the temperature detection means when the protection operation is performed, to the charger The battery pack according to claim 1, wherein the battery pack is a switching element that outputs a pseudo high temperature signal. In the charging path from the charger to the secondary battery, a fuse connected in series with each other is interposed, and the connection point of the fuse is grounded through a heating resistor and a switching element for fusing,
The battery pack according to claim 1, wherein the protection operation by at least one of the charge control circuit and the protection circuit is ON driving of the switching element.   In the charging path from the charger to the secondary battery, a switching element for charging and a switching element for discharging that are ON / OFF controlled by the charging control circuit are interposed in series, and the charging control circuit In addition to controlling charging and discharging by controlling the switching element for discharging and protecting the discharge, the switching element for blowing the fuse is turned on to blow the fuse to perform protection operation in case of abnormality, and the protection 5. The battery pack according to claim 4, wherein the circuit performs a double protection operation by driving ON the switching element for blowing the fuse to blow the fuse. 6.

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