JP4849223B2 - Fluid spray combustion device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a fluid spray combustion apparatus equipped with a multiple fluid spray burner.

  Conventionally, as a two-fluid spray burner, there is one composed of a fuel suction means, a fuel supply line, a check valve, and a fuel selection means (for example, see Patent Document 1). This is because the fuel selection means is provided between the check valve and the fuel suction means, and the fuel selected and supplied after the junction where the fuel supply lines are merged is merged or selectively distributed to change the liquid fuel into a heat engine. To supply a combustion heat source.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 6, a kerosene fuel A ′ supplied from a pump P1 ′ and a kerosene fuel B ′ supplied from a pump P2 ′ are joined at a junction 3 ′ outside the combustion chamber. Then, the fuel supplied from this junction is sprayed from the fuel spray valve 2 'in the combustion chamber 1' connected to the compressed air line by the compressor C '.

  Here, when one of the two fluids is water / oil emulsion / waste oil (waste cooking oil) as fuel, most of the fluid is sprayed as it is and does not ignite even if it is ignited with a spark plug. After spraying kerosene fuel A ′ from the kerosene fuel A ′ line and igniting it with a spark plug, the emulsion fuel supply line for emulsion fuel B ′ is opened, and after mixing combustion of emulsion fuel and kerosene, the kerosene line is closed. When the fire is extinguished, the emulsion / waste oil alone combustion is switched from the emulsion / waste oil alone combustion to the mixed combustion with kerosene, and then the kerosene alone combustion is performed to replace the inside of the pipe with kerosene for ignition.

  However, in the case of an abnormal misfire, the inside of the piping is not switched to kerosene, and, for example, a valve filled with a flame retardant from the junction 3 ′ outside the combustion chamber to the fuel spray valve 2 ′ as shown in the configuration example of FIG. The latest section X ′ is extinguished while being filled with the flame-retardant fuel. When the process proceeds to the ignition process in this state, the emulsion / waste oil is first sprayed and the combustion chamber is filled with gas without ignition, and the emulsion / waste oil in the pipe is replaced with kerosene and kerosene is sprayed at the same time as the ignition is performed. There was an explosion. This is a major problem with emulsion / waste oil combustion equipment.

  For this reason, there is a structure shown in FIG. 7 in which an ignition burner is separately provided to solve the ignition problem. However, in a small burner having a combustion amount of about 20 L / H or less, using two nozzles can reduce space and It is difficult in terms of price and maintenance.

Therefore, in the present invention, when the process proceeds to the re-ignition process after an abnormal misfire, the non-ignition fuel fluid is prevented from filling the combustion chamber without being ignited and exploding at the time of ignition, and operates stably even after the misfire. It is an object of the present invention to provide a fluid spray combustion apparatus that can be used in a more compact form.
Utility Model Registration No. 3111007

  In order to solve the above problems, the following measures are taken.

(1) That is, the fluid spray combustion apparatus of the present invention is a fluid spray combustion apparatus including a plurality of fluid spray burners that sprays and burns a plurality of fuel fluids having different combustion efficiencies in the combustion chamber 1. ,
A plurality of fuel supply lines A1, B1,...
A fluid spray nozzle 2 connected to each fuel supply line A1, B1,... And spraying a fuel fluid of each system alone or a fuel fluid obtained by mixing a plurality of systems in the combustion chamber 1,
The fuel constituting the spray fluid is switched at the line coupling portion 3 of each of the fuel supply lines A1, B1,... Provided in the combustion chamber 1.

  If it is such, a some fuel supply line will enter into the combustion chamber 1 with each single system, and will connect in the combustion chamber 1 nearest to the fluid spray nozzle 2. FIG. This prevents a large amount of flame-retardant residual fuel in the vicinity of the fluid spray nozzle 2 even during an abnormal misfire, and fills the combustion chamber with a flame-retardant gas when reignition occurs. Can be prevented.

  (2) Moreover, in the fluid spray combustion apparatus, it is preferable that the line coupling portion 3 is a connection branching tool connected to a connection port to the fluid spray nozzle.

  If this is the case, the lines of each system are connected in the immediate vicinity of the spray nozzle, so it is possible to more reliably prevent non-ignition due to residual flame retardant fluid and filling of the combustion chamber with non-flammable gas. Can do. This is particularly effective when reigniting in the event of an abnormal misfire.

(3) Also, in any one of the fluid spray combustion apparatuses, the fuel supply line is connected to at least one of the fuel supply lines outside the combustion chamber, and high-efficiency fuel having higher combustion efficiency than the fuel supplied from the connected fuel supply line A high-efficiency fuel supply line
It is preferable to have a fuel switching function for switching part or all of each fuel supply line to the high-efficiency fuel by the high-efficiency fuel supply line during fire extinguishing.

  If it is such, the inside of a flame-retardant fuel supply line can be switched to a highly efficient fuel over a long section at the time of normal fire extinguishing. For this reason, after normal digestion, even if there is a change in flame-retardant fuel, such as separation by standing of the emulsion fuel, mixing after re-ignition is done by replacing the inside of the pipe with high-efficiency fuel. Fuel non-combustion can be prevented. Also, reignition after normal digestion and combustion of the mixed fuel after reignition can be performed smoothly.

(4) Further, in any one of the fluid spray combustion apparatuses described above, two systems of fuel fluids of a plurality of systems are a second fuel B in which waste oil is mixed and a first fuel A having a combustion efficiency higher than that of the second fuel B. Of fuel fluid,
A third fuel supply line A2 connected to the second fuel supply line B1 outside the combustion chamber to supply the first fuel A;
It is preferable to have a fuel switching function for switching the first fuel supply line A1 or the second fuel supply line B1 from the second fuel B to the first fuel A during fire extinguishing.

  If it is such, the non-combustion of the mixed fuel after re-ignition after normal digestion can be prevented, and the re-ignition after normal digestion and the combustion of the mixed fuel after re-ignition can be performed smoothly. . In particular, by switching the higher fuel efficiency of the two systems to the third fuel supply line, fuel can be switched efficiently.

  BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described together with the drawings shown as examples. 1 and 2 show a fluid spray combustion apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS. 1 and 2 show a structure in the vicinity of a plurality of fluid spray burners in a fluid spray combustion apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention. 5 respectively.

  In the present invention, basically, in order to prevent explosion in the combustion chamber related to abnormal misfire in the prior art, a pilot burner line is separately provided, kerosene is supplied in the immediate vicinity of the nozzle, and unburned gas at the time of abnormal fire extinguishing Reduced the amount. As a result, for example, as shown in the conventional configuration example of FIG. 6, there is no valve nearest section X ′ filled with the flame retardant from the merging portion 3 ′ outside the combustion chamber to the fuel spray valve 2 ′.

  In addition, the injection point for replacing kerosene in the pipe is on the SV3 P3 pump side, so that the emulsion fuel in the pipe during fire extinguishing is reduced, and the problem of non-ignition due to separation of water and oil when unused for a long period of time is reduced. I tried to prevent it. As a result, stabilization of the emulsion / waste oil combustion apparatus is realized.

  The fluid spray combustion apparatus of the present invention has a plurality of fuel supply lines having different combustion efficiencies and sprays the fuel supply lines into the combustion chamber with a single fluid spray valve so that each fuel alone or each of a plurality of fuels is sprayed. It is mixed and burned. In the first and second embodiments, two fluid systems having different combustion efficiencies are used. It is preferable for the reuse of waste oil that one of these two types of fuel is water / oil emulsion / waste oil (waste cooking oil).

  The first fuel is a high combustion efficiency fuel having a higher combustion efficiency than the second fuel. In the embodiment, the second fuel is an emulsion fuel, and the first fuel is kerosene or heavy oil.

  The fluid spray combustion apparatus of the present invention is a fluid spray combustion apparatus including a multiple fluid spray burner that sprays and burns a plurality of fuel fluids having different combustion efficiencies in the combustion chamber 1. Are connected to a plurality of fuel supply lines A1, B1,... That supply fuel of each system independently through the combustion chamber 1, and each of the fuel supply lines A1, B1,. 1 includes a fluid spray nozzle 2 that sprays a single fuel fluid or a fuel fluid obtained by mixing a plurality of systems. And the fuel which comprises a spray fluid is switched in the line coupling | bond part 3 of each said fuel supply line A1, B1, ... provided in the combustion chamber 1, It is characterized by the above-mentioned.

(Combustion chamber 1)
The combustion chamber 1 of the present invention preferably contains one multi-fluid spray burner. For example, in the case of a relatively compact one with a fuel consumption of 20 l / H or less, the opening diameter is 125 mm or less. However, it is not intended to limit the size of the combustion chamber, and for example, a fuel consumption of 30 l / H or more can be applied.

(Fluid spray nozzle 2)
The fluid spray nozzle 2 is connected to a plurality of fuel supply lines and sprays fuel fluid toward the inside of the combustion chamber. Since each embodiment includes one in the combustion chamber, the present invention can be applied to a compact combustion chamber 1 having a fuel consumption of 20 l / H or less. The fuel fluid to be sprayed is a single fuel for each system, or a mixed fuel obtained by mixing a plurality or all of the fuels of each system, and is switched according to each step of the combustion state and the operation sequence.

(Line connecting part 3)
The line connecting part 3 is a part for connecting the fuel supply lines A1, B1,..., And is preferably provided at least in the combustion chamber 1, and further to a spray nozzle for switching the fuel constituting the spray fluid. It is preferable that it is a connection branch tool connected with the connection port.

(Ignition plug 4)
A pair of spark plugs 4 are provided penetrating into the combustion chamber. A pair of spark plugs 4 spark each other, and sparks give an ignition trigger. For safety, as shown in FIG. 4, it is preferable that the position is shifted from the spraying port of the fluid spraying nozzle and is somewhat away from other fuel supply lines.

(High efficiency fuel supply line A2)
The fluid spray combustion apparatus of the present invention includes a high-efficiency fuel supply line in addition to the first fuel supply line and the second fuel supply line. The high-efficiency fuel supply line is connected to at least one of the fuel supply lines outside the combustion chamber, and supplies high-efficiency fuel having higher combustion efficiency than the fuel supplied from the connected fuel supply line.

  The block diagram of the fluid spray combustion apparatus of Example 1 is shown in FIG. 1, and the operation sequence explanatory diagram is shown in FIG.

  In the first embodiment, a plurality of fuel fluids are composed of two fuel fluids, a second fuel B mixed with waste oil and a first fuel A having a combustion efficiency higher than that of the second fuel B. A third fuel supply line A2 connected to the second fuel supply line B1 outside the combustion chamber to supply the first fuel A is provided, and in the first fuel supply line A1 or the second fuel supply line B1 during fire extinguishing Is provided with a fuel switching function for switching from the second fuel B to the first fuel A.

  In the first embodiment, the high-efficiency fuel supply line is a line branched from the first fuel and bypassed to the second fuel, and the fuel supplied to the second fuel supply line by the high-efficiency fuel supply line is the first fuel. It is. Specifically, the high-efficiency fuel supply line is bypassed from a position upstream from the first pump of the first fuel supply line to a position downstream of the second fuel switching valve SV3b during fire extinguishing of the second fuel supply line, A high-efficiency fuel pump P3, a high-efficiency fuel flow rate adjustment valve NV3, and a fire-extinguishing high-efficiency fuel switching valve SV3a are arranged in this order from the upstream side.

  The fluid spray combustion apparatus of the present invention includes this high-efficiency fuel supply line, and at the time of fire extinguishing, this high-efficiency fuel supply line causes the fuel to switch part or all of each fuel supply line to the high-efficiency fuel. A switching function is provided.

(Flame holder 5, combustion fan 6)
The flame holder 5 draws air in the vicinity of the fluid spray valve 2 to match the flame propagation speed with the fuel spray speed.

  The combustion fan 6 sends combustion air into the combustion chamber 1 and generates turbulent flow into the flame holder 5 as shown in FIG.

(First fuel supply line A1)
The first fuel supply line A1 is connected to the tank of the first fuel A, and the first fuel pump P1, the first fuel flow rate adjustment valve NV1, and the ignition time valve SV1 are provided in order from the resident side, and remain as a single system. It penetrates the combustion chamber. It is preferable in relation to the amount of remaining fuel at the time of re-ignition after fire extinguishing that the pipe length is longer than that of the second fuel supply line B1 by being arranged on the inner side of the second fuel supply line B1 as in the second embodiment. .

(Second fuel supply line B1)
The second fuel supply line B1 is connected to a tank for the second fuel B, and is provided with a second fuel pump P2 and a fire extinguishing second fuel switching valve SV3b, and further to a high combustion line and a low combustion line downstream thereof. After the separation, it becomes a single pipe again and penetrates the combustion chamber 1.

  Return to the second fuel tank by the second fuel return line B2. A flow rate adjustment valve NV2 is interposed in the second fuel return line B2.

(High combustion, low combustion)
The low combustion valve SV21 and the low combustion compressor valve SVC1 are linked, and the high combustion valve SV22 and the high combustion compressor valve SVC2 are linked.

  At the time of high combustion, the flow rate of the compressor is increased by adding a flow path to the second fuel line B1 by opening the compressor valve SV22 for high combustion while keeping the valve SV21 for low combustion open.

  Further, as the compressor flow rate increases, the low combustion time compressor valve SVC1 is kept open and the high combustion time compressor valve SVC2 is opened, thereby adding a flow path to the compressor line C1 to increase the compressor flow rate.

(Second fuel switching valve SV3b during fire extinguishing)
The second fuel switching valve SV3b during fire extinguishing is normally open, but is closed in the first fire extinguishing step in normal fire extinguishing. When the second fuel is insufficient, the system is temporarily closed when the system is switched to the first supply line A1 for the first fuel. This is to supply the second fuel.

  (Compressor Line C1) The compressor line C1 is a system connected to the compressor and connected to the fuel spray valve 2. Since the compressed air circulates in the same line and the fuel spray valve constitutes the spray flow, the fluid spray valve 2 is configured so that the particles of the spray spray fluid are the same as the embodiment provided with the compressor line C1. It is smaller and can be sprayed even at relatively low pressure and high oil viscosity.

  This can be achieved by forming a combustion chamber with only one fluid spray valve and making the vicinity of the penetrating portion of the combustion chamber 1 a compact form.

  The high efficiency fuel supply line A2 is provided with a high efficiency fuel supply pump P3 and a first fire-extinguishing switching valve SV3a.

(Driving order)
The operation sequence from normal ignition to normal extinguishing is performed by the following steps (a) to (d).

  (A) Pre-sparking step: When the operation signal is turned on, the spark plug is turned on in conjunction with it, and sparking by the spark plug is started in advance in the combustion chamber for more reliable ignition. In addition, SV3b remains normally open.

  (B) First ignition process: The first ignition process is started by a timer operation when the operation signal is ON. In the first ignition step, combustion of the high-efficiency first fuel is performed by supplying the first fuel that is high-efficiency fuel. The spark plug ON, the first fuel pump P1 “ON”, the ignition time valve SV1, and the low combustion time compressor valve SVC1 “open”, and SV3b are always open.

  (C) Second ignition process: The second ignition process is started and ended by a timer operation with an operation signal ON. In the second ignition step, after the timer operation, supply of the second fuel from the second fuel supply line is added, and combined combustion with the first and second fuels is performed. At this time, from the state of the first ignition step, the second fuel pump P2 “ON” and the low combustion time valve “open” of the second fuel system are set. Note that the ignition plug ON, the first fuel pump P1 “ON”, the SV1 ignition valve SV1, and the low combustion compressor valve SVC1 “open”, SV3b remain normally open.

  (D) Low combustion process: The low combustion process of only the second fuel B is started by the timer operation by the start of the first ignition process. In the low combustion process, the spark plug “OFF”, the first supply pump P1 and the ignition valve SV1 are “closed”, the system of the first fuel A is closed, and only one system of the second fuel B is closed. Low combustion operation.

  (E) High combustion process: A high combustion operation of only one system of the second fuel B is performed by a timer operation by starting the second ignition process. The high combustion operation is a process in which only a large amount of the second fuel B is supplied, and is appropriately performed according to a low combustion operation signal from the apparatus side. Specifically, from the state of the low combustion process, the high combustion time valve SV22 and the high combustion time compressor valve SVC2 are in the “open” state. Thereafter, the high combustion valve SV22 and the high combustion compressor valve SVC2 are appropriately switched to the “open” and “closed” states. At this time, the spark plug remains “OFF”, the first supply pump P1 and the ignition valve SV1 remain “closed”, and the system of the first fuel A remains closed.

  (F) First fire extinguishing process: When the operation signal is turned off in the normal fire extinguishing process, the first fire extinguishing process is started by a timer operation in conjunction with the operation signal. In the first fire extinguishing process, only the supply of the first fuel is switched, and the inside of the pipe is replaced with kerosene which is the first fuel for reignition. At this time, the high combustion time valve SV22 and the high combustion time compressor valve SVC2 are closed. As the spark plug is turned on, the first fuel pump P1 and the ignition valve SV1 are in the “open” state. At the same time, the high-efficiency fuel supply pump P3 is operated, the fire-extinguishing high-efficiency fuel switching valve SV3a is opened, and the fire-extinguishing second fuel switching valve SV3b is closed. Thereby, in the combustion chamber, the combined combustion of the second fuel remaining in the pipe and the supplied first fuel is started, and thereafter, the combustion starts with only the first fuel. Further, the downstream side of the second fuel supply line B1 with respect to the fire-extinguishing second fuel switching valve SV3b is replaced with the first fuel.

  At this time, the second fuel pump P2 remains in an operating state, and the second fuel B passes through the second fuel supply line B1 and then before the second fuel switching valve SV3b at the time of extinction. Return to B2 and perform the circulating operation. In this case, when the second fuel B is an emulsion fuel, the fuel component is made into a fluid state to prevent separation.

  (G) Second fire extinguishing step: The second fire extinguishing step is started by a timer operation with an operation signal OFF. The second fire extinguishing process is a single combustion operation with the first fuel, and the operation is stopped with only the first fuel remaining in the pipe for the next ignition by the residual combustion with the high efficiency fuel. It is a process. Specifically, the high-efficiency fuel supply pump P3 is stopped, the fire-extinguishing high-efficiency fuel switching valve SV3a is closed, and the high-efficiency fuel supply line A2 is closed. Further, the low combustion valve SV21 is “closed”, and the fuel supply by the second fuel supply line B1 is completely stopped. At this time, the second fuel supply line on the downstream side of the SV 3b remains filled with the first fuel by the first fire extinguishing process.

  The spark plug remains ON, and unburned matter such as dust in the combustion chamber is burned to minimize the generation of soot and prevent a reduction in combustion efficiency. After the timer operation in this second fire extinguishing process, all stops.

  3 to 5 show a fluid spray combustion apparatus and a part thereof according to the second embodiment. The fluid spray combustion apparatus of Example 2 has a two-fluid spray burner that sprays and burns two systems of fluid fuel.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the fluid spray combustion apparatus according to the second embodiment includes a flame holder in the vicinity of the ejection port of the fluid spray nozzle. Further, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, a compressor line is connected along the central axis of the outlet of the fluid spray nozzle, and a first fuel supply line and a second fuel supply line are provided on one side of the fluid spray nozzle. Are connected after being connected by a line connecting portion.

  Specifically, as shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, the fluid spray nozzle of Example 2 is behind the jet outlet and has a compressor line connected coaxially with the jet outlet. Further, as shown in FIG. 5, the compressor line and the extension axis of the fluid spray nozzle are held in the combustion chamber so as to be the center position of the combustion chamber.

  A T-type pipe joint, which is a connecting branching tool, is directly joined to the side of the fluid spray nozzle. And this fluid spray nozzle becomes a line joint part of fuel of two systems, and will have a line joint part near the fluid spray nozzle. Thereby, the first fuel which is highly efficient fuel can be supplied to the immediate vicinity of the fluid spray nozzle even at the time of abnormal misfire, and the amount of unburned gas when moving to the reignition process can be made extremely small. Other configurations not specifically mentioned are the same as those in the first embodiment.

  As another example, it is assumed that the system consists of three or more systems, and a bypass line is provided from the fuel having the highest combustion efficiency to the remaining system in each system, and the inside of the piping at the time of fire extinguishing to the spray valve is provided. The sun could be replaced with fuel with the highest combustion efficiency. In addition to the above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

1 is a configuration explanatory diagram illustrating a configuration of a fluid spray combustion apparatus according to a first embodiment. It is explanatory drawing which shows the driving | operation order of the fluid spray combustion apparatus of Example 1. FIG. It is sectional explanatory drawing which shows the structure of the multiple fluid spray burner vicinity of the fluid spray combustion apparatus of Example 2. FIG. FIG. 4 is an enlarged explanatory view near the fluid spray nozzle in FIG. 3. It is AA sectional view explanatory drawing of the fluid spray combustion apparatus in FIG. It is structure explanatory drawing which shows the structural example of the conventional fluid spray combustion apparatus. It is sectional explanatory drawing which shows the structural example of the vicinity of the multiple fluid spray burner of another conventional fluid spray combustion apparatus.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Combustion chamber 2 Fluid spray nozzle 3 Line coupling part 4 Spark plug 5 Flame holder 6 Combustion fan A 1st fuel (kerosene, highly efficient fuel)
B Second fuel (waste oil)
C Compressed air A1 First fuel supply line P1 First fuel pump SV1 Ignition valve B1 Second fuel supply line P2 Second fuel pump SV21 Low combustion valve SV22 High combustion valve SV3b Fire extinguishing second fuel switching valve C1 Compressor line SVC1 Low combustion compressor valve SVC2 High combustion compressor valve A2 High efficiency fuel supply line P3 High efficiency fuel supply pump SV3a High efficiency fuel switching valve

Claims (4)

  A fluid spray combustion apparatus equipped with a plurality of fluid spray burners that sprays and burns a plurality of fuel fluids having different combustion efficiencies in the combustion chamber 1, and each of the systems is penetrated through the combustion chamber 1 independently. A plurality of fuel supply lines A1, B1,... For supplying fuel are connected to each fuel supply line A1, B1,..., And a single fuel fluid or a plurality of systems are mixed in the combustion chamber 1 And a fluid spray nozzle 2 for spraying the fuel fluid, and the spray fluid is constituted by the line coupling portion 3 of each of the fuel supply lines A1, B1,... A fluid spray combustion apparatus characterized by switching fuel to be used.   The fluid spray combustion apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the line coupling portion 3 is a connecting branch connected to a connection port to the fluid spray nozzle.   It is connected to at least one of the fuel supply lines outside the combustion chamber, and comprises a high-efficiency fuel supply line that supplies high-efficiency fuel with higher combustion efficiency than the fuel supplied in the connected fuel supply line. The fluid spray combustion apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a fuel switching function for switching part or all of each fuel supply line to the high-efficiency fuel by the high-efficiency fuel supply line.   A plurality of fuel fluids are composed of two systems of a second fuel B mixed with waste oil and a first fuel A having a combustion efficiency higher than that of the second fuel B, and are connected to a second fuel supply line B1 outside the combustion chamber. And a third fuel supply line A2 for supplying the first fuel A, and the fuel that switches the first fuel supply line A1 or the second fuel supply line B1 from the second fuel B to the first fuel A during fire extinguishing. The fluid spray combustion apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a switching function.

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