JP4845785B2 - Filler spreader in the groove - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a filler spraying device in a groove for spraying a filler for absorbing a change in groove shape to a groove when a pair of welded plates are automatically welded.

  In the automatic welding technology, a groove is formed on the end face, a pair of steel plates to be welded are matched, and the welding machine is moved along the welding line with the direction in which the groove extends as a welding line. An arc is generated between the welding wire fed from the torch and the steel plate to be welded, and the inside of the groove is automatically welded.

  In this automatic welding, when a long weld line is automatically welded, the fluctuation of the gap of the weld groove and the fluctuation of the length of the root part greatly affect the welding result. As the gap increases, the cross-sectional area of the groove increases, resulting in a shortage of weld metal. In some cases, when the gap is increased, the amount of penetration into the groove is increased and the risk of falling is increased.

  On the other hand, when the length of the groove root portion is changed, the entire groove cross-sectional area is increased or decreased accordingly, and the same result as the change of the groove gap occurs. If the length of the groove root portion becomes too small, the amount of melt into the groove increases and the risk of falling out comes out.

  In order to avoid the shortage of weld metal, the risk of melting, and the shape change of the weld bead, it is one method to adjust the welding conditions according to the groove state. It is a work that requires skill.

  In view of this, a change in the cross-sectional shape of the groove is absorbed by spraying a filler in the groove (Patent Document 1). That is, the spraying of the filler is performed in order to make it unnecessary to adjust the welding conditions according to the groove state. By spreading the filler in places where the groove cross-sectional area is large, that is, where the groove gap is large and the groove portion where the root length is small, the same effect as when the groove cross-sectional area becomes constant is obtained. Obtainable. Depending on the fluctuation of the groove state in the weld line direction, it is a cumbersome task to adjust the amount of filler spread, so usually the filler is applied to the entire weld line so that the depth is constant from the surface of the steel sheet. It is being sprayed.

  In general, the spraying of the filler into the groove is performed manually. Before welding, the filler is uniformly sprayed into the groove so as to be a certain depth from the steel plate surface. However, since the working posture at this time is squatting on the steel plate or kneeling, it is painful for the worker with a long welding line.

  Therefore, Patent Document 2 discloses a technique for automating the spraying work.

Patent No. 3479200 JP-A-10-225769

  However, in the filler material (filler) spraying device disclosed in Patent Document 2, since the size of the spraying port is constant, the plate thickness of the steel plate to be welded is thick and has a large groove, If the spraying port is too small to supply a sufficient amount of filler to the groove cross section, and the welded steel sheet is thin and the groove is small, the spraying port is relatively There is a problem that it is too large to fit in the groove and does not fit into a small groove. For this reason, it is necessary to replace and use the spout according to the thickness of the steel plate to be welded, which is complicated.

  The present invention was made in view of such problems, and when the groove shape changes due to the difference in the plate thickness of the steel plate to be welded, it is possible to arbitrarily adjust the spraying amount of the filler, An object of the present invention is to provide a filler spraying device in a groove capable of spraying a filler on a groove having various shapes from a thin plate to a thick plate.

Fillers spraying device in open destination according to the present invention, the filler material spraying device in open destination for spraying the filler GMA in the material to be welded, the lower end tip lower end surface be perpendicular to the axial direction Has a cylindrical flat shape and a lower end tip portion is inserted into the groove and sprays a filler from the opening at the lower end tip portion, and the spray nozzle is rotated around an axis perpendicular to the opening portion. A support part installed on the welding machine body, a spray nozzle adjuster for supporting the support part so as to be movable in the vertical direction and the groove width direction with respect to the welder body, and the spray nozzle. And a filler supply unit for supplying the filler.

In filler spraying device in the GMA, before Symbol spray nozzle and the spray nozzle regulator be installed welding torch in the welding machine main body in the vertical direction and the scanning slider supported movably in the groove width direction preferable.

  The spray nozzle is preferably made of a nonmagnetic material.

  On the other hand, the filler supply unit is installed in the welding machine main body and stores a filler, a supply pipe connecting the tank and the spray nozzle, and supply of the filler from the tank to the spray nozzle. The on-off valve can be configured to have an on / off valve. In this case, it is preferable that the tank, the supply pipe, the on-off valve, and the spray nozzle are made of a nonmagnetic material.

  In addition, by linking the opening / closing operation of the opening / closing valve with the welding sequence, it is possible to automate the start and stop of spraying of the filler.

  It is preferable that the opening / closing operation of the on-off valve and the interlocking of the welding sequence and the opening / closing operation of the on-off valve by manually releasing the interlocking can be switched.

  According to the present invention, since the opening for spraying the filler material in the spray nozzle has a flat shape and the spray nozzle can be rotated around an axis perpendicular to the opening, the welded material is a thin plate and the groove shape is small. Therefore, by setting the flat longitudinal direction of the spray nozzle opening as the weld line direction, the groove width direction becomes the flat short direction, so the tip opening of the spray nozzle is inserted into the groove and inserted into the groove. Can be positioned. Conversely, if the material to be welded is a thick plate and the groove shape is large, by setting the flat longitudinal direction of the spray nozzle opening as the groove width direction, the opening of the spray nozzle is formed in the required area in the groove width direction. You can face each other. Therefore, according to the present invention, a single spray nozzle is used regardless of the size of the groove shape, and the tip opening of the spray nozzle is positioned in the groove so that a sufficient amount is filled in the groove. The material can be spread evenly.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be specifically described with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 (a) is a side view showing a filler spraying device in a groove according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 1 (b) is a front view thereof, and FIG. 6 is equipped with this filler spraying device. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an entire welding machine 10.

  The welder main body 10 is suspended from a welder traveling carriage that can travel on the welding machine traveling beam, and can move along the welding line 3. The welding machine body 10 is provided with a first electrode 11, a second electrode 12, and a third electrode 13. The electrodes 11, 12, and 13 are connected to the torches 11a to 13a and the torches 11a to 13a. The welding wire is fed. A front flux supply nozzle 14 is provided at a position immediately before the first electrode 11 in the welding direction, and a similar front flux supply nozzle 15 is also provided at a position immediately before the third electrode 13.

  The welding machine main body 10 is provided with a copying roller 18 that enters the groove and rolls in the groove. The copying roller 18 rolls in the groove, and the welding machine main body 10 By enabling the position of 10 to move along the weld line 3 formed by the groove, the subsequent first to third electrodes 11 to 13 can surely position their tips in the groove. It is like that.

  And as shown in Drawing 1 (b), when position detector 16 which is a magnetic sensor is installed in the position of the foremost end of the welding direction, when welding machine main part 10 is moving in the welding direction First, when this end detector 16 passes through the end tab, the magnetic reaction is lost, so the end of welding is detected. When the end detector 16 detects the welding end, as shown in FIG. 6, the end detector 16 is moved upward by rotating the arm 17 supporting the end detector 16 upward. In addition to retracting, the scanning detector 18a having the scanning roller 18 is moved upward to be retracted, and the arc generation by the first to third electrodes 11 to 13 is changed to the welding condition of the welding end portion, and then the arc To stop. The reason why the end detector 16 is pivoted upward and retracted is to make the space at the retracted position of the welding machine main body 10 as small as possible, and the copying roller 18 is retracted upward. This is because the copying roller 18 rolling in the tip avoids a sealing bead (not shown) formed in the groove between the steel plates 1 immediately before the end tab.

  And in this embodiment, the filler distribution apparatus 20 is installed in the position ahead of the 1st electrode 11 of the welding machine main body 10 in a welding direction. As shown in FIGS. 1 (a) and 1 (b), the filler spraying device 20 has a spray nozzle 21 disposed so that the tip thereof enters the groove, and a support portion that supports the spray nozzle 21. 22, a spray nozzle adjuster 23 that supports the support 22 so as to be movable in the vertical direction and the groove width direction, a tank 26 that stores a filler, and a supply end of the tank 26 and the spray nozzle 21 are connected to each other. And a supply pipe 24. The tank 26 is installed in the upper part of the welder main body 10, and the filler stored in the tank 26 is a powder or a granular body containing iron powder, and melts during welding to fill the inside of the groove. Part of

  The adjuster 23 is fixed to a support portion 19 that supports the scanning detector 18 a, and a support portion 22 that supports the spray nozzle 21 is attached to the adjuster 23. FIG. 2 is a plan view showing a portion of the adjuster 23. The support portion 19 is provided with an adjustment screw 23a in the groove width direction and an adjustment screw 23b in the vertical direction. The support portion 22 of the spray nozzle 21 can be adjusted manually in the vertical direction and the groove width direction. As described above, the adjuster 23 supports the support portion 22 so as to be slightly movable in the vertical direction and the groove width direction, thereby adjusting the position of the spray nozzle 21 so that the spray nozzle 21 is the groove. It is sure to be located inside. Further, since the adjuster 23 is fixed to the support portion 19 that supports the copying roller 18, when the copying roller 18 is retracted upward at the welding end portion, the spray nozzle 21 is also retracted upward. . Thereby, the spraying nozzle 21 can get over the sealing bead at the welding end portion.

  Thus, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 3 to 5, the spray nozzle 21 is supported by the support portion 22 so as to be rotatable about a direction perpendicular to the opening of the spray nozzle 21 as a rotation axis. In addition, in each figure, (a) is front sectional drawing, (b) is a top view when it sees on the surface of the same level as the surface of the steel plate 1. FIG. 3 is the thinnest steel plate 1 and the groove 4 is the smallest, FIG. 4 is the middle thickness of the steel plate 1 and the size of the groove 4 is also middle, FIG. 5 is the thickest steel plate 1, This is a case where the size of the groove 4 is the largest. The upper end of the spray nozzle 21 has a circular cross section, and the upper portion has a cylindrical shape. On the other hand, the opening at the lower end of the spray nozzle 21 has a flat shape, and the cross-sectional shape continuously changes from the upper cylindrical portion to the flat shape of the lower end opening. The spray nozzle 21 is supported so as to be rotatable with respect to the support portion 22 about a direction perpendicular to the opening 21a as a rotation axis.

  Next, the operation of the filler spraying device in the groove constructed as described above will be described. In the present embodiment, the direction of the opening 21a of the spray nozzle 21 and the spray height in the groove are changed according to the thickness of the steel plate, that is, the size of the groove 4.

  First, when the groove width is small, as shown in FIG. 3, the front end opening of the spray nozzle 21 is made by changing the long direction of the flat shape to the weld line direction and the short direction of the flat shape to the groove width direction. 21a penetrates into the groove 4 and the filler can be sprayed into the groove with the minimum spraying width. Note that the length of the flat shape in the short direction is, for example, 3 mm. The tip opening 21a of the spray nozzle 21 is positioned in the groove 4 so that there is a clearance of about 1 mm between the opening 21a of the spray nozzle 21 and the side surface of the groove 4 (opening 21a). Adjust the height in the groove 4).

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 5, in the case of a steel plate having a thickness of about 40 mm, for example, the spreading nozzle 21 has a flat longitudinal direction in the groove width direction and a short side direction in the weld line direction. Thus, it is rotated by 90 ° compared to the case of FIG. Then, by adjusting the vertical position of the adjuster 23, the spray nozzle 21 is raised and the spray depth is increased compared to the case of FIG. 3, and similarly, the opening 21a of the spray nozzle 21 and the slope of the groove 4 Until the clearance is about 1 mm.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 4, when the plate thickness of the steel plate 1 is intermediate between those shown in FIGS. 3 and 5, the direction of the spray nozzle 21 is set so that the longitudinal direction of the flat shape is in the weld line or groove width direction. Thus, the support portion 22 is rotated so as to be inclined at an angle of less than 90 °. Then, the adjuster 23 is adjusted to set the height of the opening 21 a so that the distance between the opening 21 a and the slope of the groove 4 is about 1 mm. At this time, in order to secure a clearance of about 1 mm between the opening 21a and the inclined surface of the groove 4, both the rotational position of the opening 21a of the spray nozzle 21 and the height in the groove of the opening 21a can be adjusted. In this case, the rotational position of the opening 21a and / or the height of the opening 21a in the groove are adjusted so that the height position in the groove 4 of the filler 5 becomes a predetermined spraying depth.

  As described above, the direction of the tip (lower end) opening 21a of the spray nozzle 21 is adjusted according to the plate thickness (the size of the groove shape) of the steel plate 1, the opening 21a is inserted into the groove 4, and the on-off valve 25 is opened and the filler 5 is supplied from the tank 26 to the spray nozzle 21 via the supply pipe 24. And the welding machine main body 10 is moved and welding is started.

  Then, the opening 21 a of the spray nozzle 21 moves along the weld line in the groove 4 and sprays the filler 5 into the groove 4. At this time, since the opening 21a of the spray nozzle 21 faces the entire region in the groove width direction, the filler 5 can be sprayed uniformly in the groove width direction. Further, the spraying height of the filler 5 is determined by the height position of the opening 21a in the groove 4. If the height of the spray nozzle 21 is not changed during the welding operation, the height of the filler 5 is determined. The position is always constant even if the groove shape changes during welding. As a result, the groove shape is adjusted to be constant, the welding conditions remain constant, no melting occurs, and an appropriate weld bead shape can be formed stably.

  The spray nozzle 21, the tank 26, the supply pipe 24, and the on-off valve 25 are preferably made of a nonmagnetic material. When the welding current is alternating current, a magnetic field is generated around the electrodes 11 to 13 due to the welding current. The magnetic body around the electrodes 11 to 13 is magnetized by the influence of this magnetic field.

  On the other hand, the filler 5 is a magnetic body mainly containing a large amount of iron powder. For this reason, when the tank 26, the supply pipe 24, the on-off valve 25, the opening 21a (spraying port) and the like are magnetized, the fluidity of the filler 5 is hindered and the situation where the spraying becomes insufficient occurs. For this reason, it is preferable that the spray nozzle 21, the tank 26, the supply pipe 24, and the on-off valve 25 are made of a non-magnetic material.

  In the present embodiment, the opening / closing operation of the opening / closing valve 25 is interlocked with a welding sequence such as arc generation and stop by the first to third electrodes 11 to 13 and control of feeding of the welding wire from the torches 3a to 5a. By doing so, the spraying start and stop of the filler can be automated in conjunction with the welding operation.

  In this case, the interlocking between the opening / closing operation (spreading of the filler) by the opening / closing valve 25 and the welding sequence can be canceled to switch between the interlocking of the opening / closing operation and the manually opening / closing operation of the opening / closing valve 25. it can.

  An example of the opening / closing operation of the opening / closing valve 25 is as follows.

  The scanning detector 18a is set on the weld line 3, the welding wire position is aligned with the groove line, and the filler on-off valve 25 is opened simultaneously with the on-off valve of the surface flux. Welding is started by the welding start button, and the welding machine body 10 starts running.

  Before the welding end point, the on-off valve for spreading the surface flux is closed, and the on-off valve 25 for the filler is closed. The timing for closing each on-off valve is set according to the length of the supply pipe. After the valve is closed, the flux and filler existing in the supply pipe from the valve to the spray port are sprayed as the welding progresses, and the timing for closing the valve is determined in the sequence according to the spray amount.

  Regarding the operation after the end of welding, first, the end detector 16 detects the end of the steel plate 1 (or the end of the tab plate) and retracts the end detector 16. Next, the front flux spraying on / off valve is closed, and the filler spraying on / off valve 25 is closed. The copying detector 18a is stopped and the copying roller 18 is raised. Thereafter, the welding conditions of the electrodes 11 to 13 are shifted to the welding end conditions. Then, the welding of the first electrode 11 and the second electrode 12 is stopped on the tab plate. Further, when the third electrode 13 comes to a position on the tab plate, the welding is stopped. Then, when the flux collection nozzle 41 comes to the stop position, the collection is stopped. And when the welding machine 10 remove | deviates from the position on the steel plate 1, driving | running | working of a welding machine is stopped.

  In addition, this invention is applicable not only to single-sided welding but to double-sided welding. Double-sided welding is a method in which after welding one side, the welded steel sheet is turned over and the other side is welded. If the side to be welded first is not controlled in the same manner as in the case of single-sided welding, there is a risk of falling off.

  According to the present invention, in automatic welding, an appropriate weld bead shape can be stably formed without changing the welding conditions with respect to a change in the groove shape during welding by spreading the filler in the groove. In addition, the filler material can be uniformly distributed in the groove by rotating the spray nozzle, regardless of the size of the groove shape due to the thickness of the material to be welded, etc. Contribute to.

(A) is a side view which shows the filler dispersing device in the groove | channel which concerns on embodiment of this invention, (b) is the front view similarly. It is a top view which expands and shows the adjuster. (A) is front sectional drawing which shows the relationship between a spraying nozzle and a groove shape, (b) is the top view of the steel plate surface level. (A) is front sectional drawing which shows the relationship between a spraying nozzle and a groove shape, (b) is the top view of the steel plate surface level. (A) is front sectional drawing which shows the relationship between a spraying nozzle and a groove shape, (b) is the top view of the steel plate surface level. It is a schematic diagram which shows the welding machine with which the filler distribution apparatus of embodiment of this invention is mounted | worn.

Explanation of symbols

1: Steel plate (welded plate)
3: Welding line 4: Groove 5: Filler 10: Welding machine main body 11-13: Electrodes 3a-5a: Torch 14, 15: Front flux supply nozzle 16: End detector 18: Copying roller 18a: Scanning detector 20 : Filling material spraying device 21: Spraying nozzle 21 a: Opening 19 and 22: Support part 23: Adjuster 23 a and 23 b: Adjusting screw 25: On-off valve 26: Tank

Claims (7)

In the filler spraying device in the groove for spraying the filler in the groove of the welded material, the lower end surface is perpendicular to the axial direction, and the lower end tip is formed into a cylindrical flat shape. A spray nozzle that is inserted into the groove and sprays the filler from the opening at the lower end, and the spray nozzle is rotatably supported around an axis perpendicular to the opening and installed in the welder body. A support unit, a spray nozzle adjuster that supports the support unit so as to be movable in a vertical direction and a groove width direction with respect to the welding machine body, and a filler supply unit that supplies the filler to the spray nozzle. A filler spraying device in a groove characterized by.   2. The opening according to claim 1, wherein the spray nozzle and the spray nozzle adjuster are installed on a scanning slider that supports a welding torch in a welding machine main body so as to be movable in the vertical direction and the groove width direction. In-house filler spraying device.   The filler spraying device in a groove according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the spray nozzle is made of a nonmagnetic material.   The filler supply unit is installed in a welding machine main body to store a filler, a supply pipe connecting the tank and the spray nozzle, and the supply of filler from the tank to the spray nozzle is turned on and off. It has an on-off valve, The filler spraying device in a groove | channel of any one of Claim 1 thru | or 3 characterized by the above-mentioned.   5. The filler spraying device in a groove according to claim 4, wherein the tank, the supply pipe, the on-off valve, and the spray nozzle are made of a nonmagnetic material.   5. The filler spraying device in a groove according to claim 4, wherein the opening / closing operation of the opening / closing valve is interlocked with a welding sequence.   The filler spraying in the groove according to claim 6, wherein the opening / closing operation of the on-off valve and the welding sequence are switched, and the opening / closing operation of the on-off valve is manually switched by releasing the connection. apparatus.

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