JP4845630B2 - Method for producing knots extract - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for producing knotweed extract.

  Dashi obtained from bonito and other seaweeds and seaweed such as kelp is widely used as a base seasoning for Japanese foods such as noodle soup and boiled food. Various seasonings and processed foods containing such dashi are available. Many are on the market.

  On the industrial scale, as a method of producing soup stock obtained from bonito and other seaweeds and seaweeds such as kelp, put the moss and / or seaweed used as the extraction raw material in a tank together with the extraction solvent, A batch type extraction method for extracting an extract while stirring, a column type extraction method for extracting an extract by passing an extraction solvent through a column filled with extraction raw materials, and the like are known. In addition, alcohol or alcohol-containing water is also used as an extraction solvent for the purpose of efficiently extracting alcohol-soluble aromatic components, taste components, and the like.

  In general, in the batch extraction method, the extraction raw material is immersed in a relatively large amount of extraction solvent for a long period of time, so that flavor deterioration occurs during extraction, which is suitable as a method for obtaining an extract extract rich in flavor. There wasn't. In addition, the solid content concentration of the obtained extract is as low as 5% or less, and therefore, there is a problem that the flavor component of the extract is lost and the flavor is impaired even in the step of concentrating the extract.

  On the other hand, the column-type extraction method can be extracted with a relatively small amount of extraction solvent as compared with the batch-type extraction method, and is therefore suitable for obtaining an extract containing a high concentration of aroma components and taste components. .

For example, in Patent Document 1 below, as a method for producing an extract using a column-type extraction method, a knot alcohol that has been separately packed in a column is obtained by using a knot alcohol extract obtained by kneading alcohol from knots in advance as an extraction solvent. And a step of removing alcohol from the column extract obtained in the above step under a temperature condition of 20 to 40 ° C. is disclosed. Patent Document 2 listed below includes a step of filling a column with coarsely crushed nodes, extracting an extract by passing water or an alcohol solution, and further extracting a extract by passing a protease solution. There is disclosed a method for producing a flavor dashi characterized by having
JP 2002-281933 A JP 2000-279124 A

  However, although the conventional column extraction method can obtain an extract extract containing aroma components, taste components, etc. at high concentrations, components such as odor and bitterness derived from the raw materials are also extracted together. There was a problem that the balance of the flavor and taste of the extracted extract was impaired by the components. In addition, the packed bed of extraction raw material formed in a column shape with pulverized pulverized material etc. is physically non-uniform, so the aroma components and taste components extracted from the packed layer are kept homogeneous. It was difficult.

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a new method for extracting aroma components and taste components of nodules sufficiently and efficiently in a method for producing nodules extract by column-type extraction method, which is rich in flavor. An object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a nodular extract that can stably supply the nodular extract.

In order to achieve the above object, the method for producing a nodular extract of the present invention includes filling a nodule into a container having a filter on the receiving surface, and applying the nodule packed bed formed in the container to the column bed surface. The extraction solvent in the form of shower, spray, and / or droplets is dropped , and the extraction solvent is passed through the packed bed in a state where the extraction solvent is not stored on the column bed surface of the packed bed. It is characterized by that.

According to the present invention, since the extraction solvent passes through the column bed surface of the packed bed formed of the raw material paste without being pooled, the packed bed swells containing excess extraction solvent, It is possible to prevent chemical degradation. Thereby, it is possible to maintain a good extraction state from the raw material knot forming the packed bed during the extraction process, and to suppress the extraction of components that impair the balance between flavor and taste. In addition, it is possible to prevent the formation of a non-uniform path for the mobile phase in the packed bed due to the pressure of the excess extraction solvent, and to allow the extraction solvent to pass through while being uniformly dispersed. Ingredients and taste ingredients can be extracted sufficiently and efficiently.
Further, since the extraction solvent in the form of shower, spray, and / or droplets is dropped on the column bed surface of the packed bed, the extraction solvent is uniformly distributed so as to reach the entire surface of the packed bed. Can be dripped.

  In the present invention, the particle size of the nodules is preferably 3 to 32 mesh passes. According to this, since an aroma component, a taste component, etc. are extracted from the surface of knots, extraction efficiency is good. Moreover, since the speed | rate which the dripped extraction solvent osmose | permeates the said packed bed can be kept in the speed of a fixed range, workability | operativity is good.

In the present invention, a shower shape as the nozzle is dropped the extraction solvent from the nozzle is rotated, aerosolized, and / or it is preferable to lower drops Ekishizukujo.

In the present invention, the extraction solvent is preferably added dropwise at a flow rate of 410 liters / h · m ² or less with respect to the cross-sectional area of the packed bed. According to this, the extraction solvent can be passed in a state where the extraction solvent is not stored on the column bed surface of the packed bed onto which the extraction solvent is dropped.

  In the present invention, the height of the packed bed is preferably 30 to 60 cm. According to this, since the speed | rate which the dripped extraction solvent osmose | permeates the said packed bed can be maintained to the speed | rate of a fixed range, workability | operativity is good.

  In the present invention, the extraction solvent is preferably ethanol-containing water. According to this, alcohol-soluble aroma components, taste components, and the like can be efficiently extracted. Moreover, alcohol removal from an extract is easy after extraction.

  In the present invention, the nodules are at least one selected from bonito, bonito, medusa, sardine, sardines, jaws, and their savings, by-products produced in the production of nodules, or mixtures thereof. It is preferable that

  According to the method for producing a nodule extract of the present invention, since the extraction solvent passes through the column bed surface of the packed bed formed of the raw material nodule, the packed bed contains an extra extraction solvent. It can swell and prevent physical and / or chemical degradation. Thereby, it is possible to maintain a good extraction state from the raw material knot forming the packed bed during the extraction process, and to suppress the extraction of components that impair the balance between flavor and taste. In addition, it is possible to prevent the formation of a non-uniform path for the mobile phase in the packed bed due to the pressure of the excess extraction solvent, and to allow the extraction solvent to pass through while being uniformly dispersed. Ingredients and taste ingredients can be extracted sufficiently and efficiently.

In the method for producing a knot extract of the present invention, a vessel having a filter on the receiving surface is filled with knot, and the column bed surface of the knot packed bed formed in the vessel is showered, sprayed, And / or the extraction solvent made into the droplet form is dripped. Then, in a state where the extraction solvent dripped onto the column bed surface of the packed bed is not pooled, the extracted solvent is passed through the packed bed of nodes to obtain a node extract.

  The nodule used as an extraction raw material in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is a generally available nodule. Specifically, it is preferable to use at least one selected from bonito, bonito, medusa, sardine, boiled and dried chin, and their shavings, by-products generated in the process of producing nodules, or a mixture thereof. .

  When using a mixture of the above two or more kinds of raw materials, they may be blended and filled into the container, or the raw materials may be filled in multiple layers, such as the flavor of the knot extract to be obtained, etc. The method can be selected as appropriate.

  Hereinafter, the technical features of the present invention will be specifically described with reference to the schematic diagram shown in FIG.

  The container 10 includes a filter 20 on its receiving surface. The filter 20 prevents the nodule from filling the container 10 from flowing out while allowing the extraction solvent to pass therethrough. Note that an auxiliary filter 21 is provided above the filter 20 in order to prevent the filter 20 from being clogged.

  The container 10 is filled with pulverized nodes, and a column-shaped packed layer 30 is formed along the cylindrical shape of the container 10.

  In order to pass the extraction solvent through the packed bed 30, the extraction solvent 40 is dropped from an extraction solvent dropping port 50 of a dropping device (not shown) provided above the container 10. The extracted extraction solvent 40 reaches the column bed surface 31 of the packed bed.

  Here, in the present invention, “the state in which the dropped extraction solvent is not pooled” means that the dropped extraction solvent permeates the packed bed of nodules formed in the container and collects the liquid on the column bed surface of the packed bed. It means that the liquid is passed while keeping the state that is not done.

  Therefore, for example, the extraction solvent is dropped so that the extraction solvent 40 that has reached the column bed surface 31 does not rapidly permeate into the packed bed 30 and stay on the surface of the column bed surface 31.

  The extraction solvent is preferably dropped from a shower nozzle having a plurality of nozzles or a spray nozzle in a shower form, a spray form, or a drop form. Moreover, it is preferable to drop while rotating the nozzle. According to this, an extraction solvent can be dripped uniformly at the upper surface of the said fish clause packed bed.

In the present invention, in order to keep the extraction solvent from collecting on the column bed surface of the packed bed, the dropping speed of the extraction solvent is 410 liters / h · m ² or less with respect to the cross-sectional area of the fish-section packed bed. It is preferable to drop, and considering efficiency and workability, it is more preferable to drop at 300 to 410 liter / h · m ² .

  Moreover, it is preferable that the nodes to be filled are pulverized to 3 to 32 mesh pass, and more preferably pulverized to 6 to 24 mesh pass. If the particle size of the pulverized product of knot is smaller than 32 mesh pass, the flow rate of the solvent in the column decreases, and the extraction solvent tends to pool on the column bed surface, which is not preferable. In addition, when the particle size of the pulverized product of the nodules is larger than 3 mesh pass, the flow rate of the solvent in the column becomes too high, the solvent does not sufficiently permeate into the raw material, and the extraction efficiency decreases, which is not preferable. . The mesh openings in the present invention are in accordance with JIS standards, and the openings of 3, 6, 24, 32, and 42 meshes are 6.87, 3.35, 0.71, 0.50, and 0.355 mm, respectively. is there.

  Moreover, it is preferable that the height of the said fish clause packed bed is 30 cm-60 cm, and it is more preferable that it is 40 cm-60 cm. If it is 60 cm or more, the flow rate of the solvent in the column decreases, and the extraction solvent tends to pool on the column bed surface, which is not preferable. In addition, when the height of the above-mentioned fish node filling layer is 30 cm or less, productivity of the node extract is deteriorated.

  In the present invention, a column or tank can be used as the container, and the material is not particularly limited, but stainless steel, polypropylene, glass lining, FRP and the like can be preferably used.

  In the present invention, when filling the raw materials, the crushed nodes may be filled as they are, or the raw materials 100 are filled after being moistened with 25 to 40 parts by mass of an extraction solvent. However, in order to further increase the extraction efficiency, it is preferable to fill the raw material wetted beforehand with the extraction solvent. Alternatively, the raw material may be divided into 3-5 times and filled while being wetted with the extraction solvent.

  In this invention, the said filter will not be restrict | limited especially if it can prevent the outflow of the fish clauses with which a container is filled, and has the characteristic which accept | permits passage of an extract. Specific examples include filter paper, filter cloth, ceramic, resin, filter aid and the like. Further, a coarse filter may be provided as the auxiliary filter 21 on the upper part of the filter in order to prevent the filter from being clogged.

  The filter and / or auxiliary filter is disposed on the receiving surface of the container so as to be in contact with the entire lower surface of the fish-section packed bed, and allows the extract extract to flow out. Therefore, the movement of the extraction solvent is not disturbed by the outflow of the extract extract on the lower surface of the fish clause packed bed.

  In the present invention, water or an alcohol solution can be used as the extraction solvent. As the alcohol solution, a water content of 1 to 80% by volume of alcohol can be preferably used, and a single or different concentration alcohol solution or water may be dropped in several portions. Further, after the alcohol solution is dropped, water may be dropped continuously to recover the extract to a predetermined amount. Furthermore, it is also possible to obtain an extract by contacting the extraction raw material so that the alcohol concentration of the extraction solvent changes continuously. In addition, the kind of alcohol has preferable ethanol which can be used for manufacture of food-drinks.

  In the present invention, the extraction temperature is preferably 20 to 80 ° C., more preferably 20 to 60 ° C., by a means such as a column jacket for keeping the container warm.

  In the present invention, the flow rate of the extraction solvent can be arbitrarily selected depending on the concentration of the obtained extract, but it is 50 to 250% by weight of the extract with respect to the dry mass of the nodes forming the packed bed. It is preferable to pass the extraction solvent so as to collect the liquid, and it is more preferable to pass the extraction solvent so as to collect 100 to 200% by weight of the extraction liquid. That is, if the amount of extraction solvent passed is too small, it is not preferable because sufficient extraction efficiency cannot be obtained. If the amount of solution passed is too large, the solid content concentration of the resulting extract will be low, and it will take time to concentrate, etc. In addition, the flavor is deteriorated by concentration, which is not preferable.

  In the present invention, the extract obtained as described above can be used as it is or by appropriately concentrating and drying by a known method to remove alcohol and / or adjust the solid content to obtain a nodular extract. .

  The nodular extract obtained by the production method of the present invention has a very excellent flavor and taste, soy sauce, miso, mixed vinegar, sauces (yakisoba, fried udon, okonomiyaki, fried vegetables, etc.), Sauces (Yakiniku, shabu-shabu, grilled fish, boiled fish, natto, boiled tofu, chilled fish, yukke, etc.), condiments such as noodle soup, nabetsuyu, tempura soup, curry, sauce mix, Chinese food Cooking products such as raw ingredients, mixed rice ingredients, cooked rice products, egg dishes (eg egg tofu, steamed rice bowls, egg roasted eggs), soups such as soup, miso soup, soup, canned foods, noodles, pickles Can be expected to be used for various foods and beverages, such as simmered sardines, side dishes, seaweed, seaweed salad, kneaded products, rice crackers, and snacks.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically described with reference to examples.

<Example 1>
300 g of crushed bonito crushed product (7 mesh: 2.80 mm pass product) was mixed with 75 ml of 50% ethanol solution and wetted, then packed into a column of 4 cm in diameter and 50 cm in length, and the flow rate with a metering pump was 7 ml. / Min (flow rate with respect to the cross-sectional area: 334.4 liters / h · m ² ), 300 ml of a 50% by volume ethanol solution is dropped on the column bed surface in the form of droplets, and then water is dropped in the form of droplets. did. The extraction was terminated when the extract recovered from the lower part of the column reached 600 ml. Note that warm water of 60 ° C. was circulated through the column jacket from the start to the end of extraction.

  The alcohol content of the recovered extract was 33.5% by volume. In addition, the amount of water dripped following 300 ml of 50% by volume ethanol solution reached 660 ml, and the total extraction time was 2 hours.

<Comparative Example 1>
An extract was prepared by a batch extraction method.

  That is, 300 g of bonito crushed product (7 mesh: 2.80 mm pass product) and 960 ml of 30% ethanol solution were mixed and stirred in a 60 ° C. hot water bath for 2 hours. After the completion of stirring, the extract was filtered with paper No. 2 was used to obtain 600 ml of batch extract.

<Comparative Example 2>
An extract was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 above, except that the dropping rate of the extraction solvent was increased in order to prepare the extract in a state where the liquid was stored on the surface of the packed bed of extraction raw materials.

That is, 300 g of bonito crushed product (7 mesh: 2.80 mm pass product) was mixed with 75 ml of 50% by volume ethanol solution and wetted, and then packed into a column of 4 cm in diameter and 50 cm in length. Was adjusted to 14 ml / min (flow rate relative to the cross-sectional area: 668.8 liters / h · m ² ), 300 ml of 50% ethanol solution was dropped onto the column bed surface, and then water was dropped. It was dripped in. The extraction was terminated when the extract recovered from the lower part of the column reached 600 ml. Note that warm water of 60 ° C. was circulated through the column jacket from the start to the end of extraction.

  In this comparative example, the liquid began to be collected from the time when 150 ml of 50% by volume ethanol was dropped, and at the end of extraction, the liquid was collected to a height of 5 cm from the column bed surface of the packed bed of nodes.

  The alcohol content of the recovered extract was 18.5% by volume. Further, the amount of water dripped following 300 ml of 50% by volume ethanol solution reached 660 ml, and the total extraction time was 1.5 hours.

<Comparative Example 3>
An attempt was made to prepare an extract using a koji koji crushed product having a particle size of 42 mesh pass. That is, 300 g of crushed bonito crushed product (42 mesh pass product) was mixed with 75 ml of a 50% by volume ethanol solution and wetted, and then packed into a column having a diameter of 4 cm and a length of 50 cm. In accordance with the flow rate with respect to the cross-sectional area: 334.4 liter / h · m ² ), 300 ml of 50% by volume alcohol solution was dropped on the column bed surface in the form of droplets. As a result, the extraction solvent did not penetrate when 100 ml of 50% by volume alcohol solution was dropped.

<Test Example 1>
Using each extract obtained in Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2, sensory evaluation (good: 3 points, normal: 2 points, bad: 1 point) was performed by 10 panelists about aroma and taste. It was. Table 1 shows the average score of each item.

  From the above, in the column-type extraction method using the packed bed formed of coarsely crushed bonito, the batch-type extraction method or the column bed can be obtained by passing the extraction solvent in a state where the extraction solvent is not stored on the column bed surface. It can be seen that a bonito extract rich in flavor can be obtained as compared with the column-type extraction method in which the surface is pooled with the extraction solvent.

It is a schematic diagram which shows one Embodiment of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

10 container 20 filter 21 auxiliary filter 30 packed bed 31 packed bed column bed surface 40 extraction solvent 50 extraction solvent dropping port

Claims (7)

A container having a filter on the receiving surface is filled with nodule , and an extraction solvent in the form of a shower, spray, and / or droplet is dropped on the column bed surface of the nodule packed bed formed in the container. A method for producing a nodular extract, wherein the extraction solvent is passed through the packed bed in a state where the extraction solvent is not stored on the column bed surface of the packed bed.   The method for producing a nodular extract according to claim 1, wherein the particle size of the nodule is 3 to 32 mesh pass. Manufacturing process sections such extract according to claim 1 or 2 wherein the nozzle is dropped the extraction solvent from the nozzles drops down like a shower, atomized, and / or Ekishizukujo so as to rotate. The method for producing a nodular extract according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the extraction solvent is dropped at a flow rate of 410 liter / h · m ² or less with respect to a cross-sectional area of the packed bed.   The method for producing a nodular extract according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a height of the packed bed is 30 to 60 cm.   The method for producing a nodular extract according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the extraction solvent is ethanol-containing water.   2. The nodules are at least one selected from bonito, bonito, medusa, sardine, sardines, chin, and their by-products, by-products produced during nodules production, or a mixture thereof. The manufacturing method of the nodal extract of any one of -6.

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