JP4834561B2 - Peeling protection structure on the inner surface of tunnel lining - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a peeling protection structure for preventing a tunnel lining inner surface such as lining concrete in an existing tunnel from peeling off.

  Conventionally, for example, in Patent Document 1 below, when repairing a defect portion due to deterioration over time or cracking of an existing concrete structure, a smoothing treatment is performed on the defect portion using a base treatment agent, and the smoothing is performed. It has been proposed that an adhesive resin plastic material having a predetermined viscosity is applied to the treated surface, and then a reinforcing material sheet made of a fiber reinforced synthetic resin or the like is adhered.

  However, after applying the base treatment as described above, applying the adhesive resin plastic material having a predetermined viscosity and sticking the reinforcing material sheet has problems such as complicated and troublesome construction work and increased cost. In addition, those that attach the sheet as described above are easily peeled off by freezing and thawing of the resin in cold regions.For example, when applied to a road tunnel or a railway tunnel, the sheet is pulled from the end by the wind pressure of the passing vehicle. There is a risk of peeling. Furthermore, when a sheet is stuck on the concrete surface, there are problems such as difficulty in predicting the necessity and timing of durability diagnosis and repair, because it is difficult to see changes in properties and deterioration of the concrete surface.

  Therefore, in Patent Document 2 and Patent Document 3 below, when peeling or the like is expected on the inner surface of the tunnel lining, a net-like object made of metal or synthetic resin is attached to the inner surface of the tunnel lining to drop concrete fragments or lumps. It has been proposed to prevent this. In particular, Patent Document 2 is a structure in which lining concrete (concrete lining) is passed through a support member such as a lock bolt or a reinforcing bar placed in a natural ground, and Patent Document 3 is used for a wire material constituting a wire mesh. In this configuration, a substantially U-shaped fastener is wound, and a pin penetrating both ends of the fastener is driven and mounted on the inner wall of the tunnel with a nailing machine.

JP 2005-163385 A JP 2001-173396 A JP 2003-148092 A

  However, as in Patent Document 2, a member in which a support member such as a rock bolt or a reinforcing bar penetrates the lining concrete into the ground is relatively long through the lining concrete and into the ground. For example, drilling a hole or injecting and fixing cement or mortar with a support member inserted into the hole requires a large-scale heavy machine for construction, and there is a lack of workability and economical efficiency.

  In addition, in the case of attaching a wire mesh with U-shaped fasteners and pins as in Patent Document 3, the attachment work is simple, but there is a possibility that sufficient attachment strength is not necessarily obtained. Therefore, for example, when a slightly large concrete piece or lump is peeled off from the inner surface of the tunnel lining, most of the load acts on the pin through the wire mesh, and if the pin comes off, the wire mesh may fall together.

  The present invention has been proposed in view of the above-mentioned problems, and is easy to construct, and even when a slightly large concrete fragment or lump is peeled off from the inner surface of the tunnel lining, the tunnel covering can be prevented well. The object is to provide a peeling protection structure for the construction surface.

In order to achieve the above object, the peeling protection structure for the tunnel lining inner surface according to the present invention has the following configuration. That is, a peeling protection structure for a tunnel lining inner surface that attaches a mesh to the tunnel lining inner surface to prevent peeling, and an anchor is placed on the tunnel lining inner surface, and the anchor is attached to the anchor via a support fitting. An object is attached and supported on the inner surface of the tunnel lining, and a protective sheet such as a waterproof sheet is interposed between the mesh and the inner surface of the tunnel lining .

In addition, as said support metal fitting, the thing formed by integrally providing the leg part which protrudes in the tunnel lining side in the four even parts of a substantially square metal plate can be used, for example . Further, a large number of convex ribs extending in the circumferential direction of the tunnel may be formed on the surface of the protective sheet on the tunnel lining side.

  As described above, the peeling protection structure of the tunnel lining inner surface according to the present invention is configured such that the anchor is placed on the tunnel lining inner surface and the mesh is attached to and supported by the tunnel lining inner surface via the support fitting. Installation of the object is easy, and the anchor is integrated with the lining concrete by setting and setting to the lining, and the pullout strength becomes the shear strength of the concrete, so that it does not come out like a pin, Since it is supported by the anchor, even when a small piece of concrete or lump is peeled off from the inner surface of the tunnel lining, the fall can be prevented well.

  As described above, when the support metal fitting is formed by integrally providing the leg portions protruding toward the tunnel lining side on the four even parts of the substantially square metal plate, the support metal fitting constitutes a net-like object. It can be attached so as to straddle the wire to be done, and it is possible to prevent the net-like material from being greatly displaced during construction or after construction. In particular, when panel-like nets having a predetermined size are mounted side by side, two or four adjacent panels can be easily and reliably fixed simultaneously.

  Moreover, when a protective sheet such as a waterproof sheet is interposed between the net and the tunnel lining inner surface as described above, the spring water dripped from the tunnel lining inner surface can be guided and drained to the side of the tunnel by the protective sheet. At the same time, in combination with the above-mentioned net-like material, the peeling of the concrete or the like on the inner surface of the tunnel lining can be prevented even better. In particular, the above-described protective sheet can also prevent peeling of concrete fragments and lumps smaller than the mesh of the mesh. Further, since the net-like material presses the protective sheet, smooth guided drainage of the spring water can be performed without the protective sheet sagging against the tunnel lining inner surface.

  Furthermore, when a large number of convex ribs extending in the tunnel circumferential direction are formed on the surface of the protective sheet on the tunnel lining side, the convex ribs increase the shape retention and strength of the sheet, and the spring water dripped from the inner surface of the tunnel lining It is possible to guide and discharge smoothly in the circumferential direction of the tunnel.

  Hereinafter, the peeling protection structure of the tunnel lining inner surface according to the present invention will be specifically described based on an embodiment shown in the drawings. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an upper portion of a tunnel showing an embodiment of a peeling protection structure for an inner surface of a tunnel lining according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a view of a part thereof viewed from the inner surface side, and FIG. 4B is a cross-sectional view thereof, FIG. 4A is a further enlarged view of a part thereof, FIG. 4B is a cross-sectional view thereof, and FIGS. 5 and 6 are respectively A in FIG. 4A. It is an enlarged view of a part and B part.

  In the embodiment shown in the figure, a panel-like net 1 formed in advance in a predetermined size and shape is arranged side by side on the inner surface Fa of a concrete lining (covering concrete) F in a tunnel T. In particular, in the embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the mesh 1 is attached so as to cover almost the entire upper half of the tunnel lining inner surface Fa, but the attachment range of the mesh 1 is as follows. It can be changed as appropriate.

  The material, configuration, size, and shape of the mesh 1 are appropriate, but in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 9, metal wires 10 made of stainless steel having a diameter of about 2 mm are arranged in a grid pattern vertically and horizontally. Then, a metal mesh is used in which the intersecting portions are integrally fixed by welding or the like, and is formed in a rectangular shape having an overall length L of about 2000 mm and a width W of about 1000 mm. In addition, the size of the lattice-like openings (mesh) is about 25 mm in both length and width so as to prevent peeling of a concrete fragment of about 30 mm or lump f as shown in FIG.

  The illustrated example is a state in which the above-described rectangular mesh 1 is arranged horizontally, that is, in a state where the length L direction is directed to the tunnel axis direction, and is arranged in the tunnel circumferential direction and the axial direction as shown in FIGS. As shown in FIGS. 4 to 7, the anchor 2 and the support fitting 3 are provided on the inner surface Fa of the tunnel lining as shown in FIGS. 4 to 7. It is attached.

  In the present embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 10, the anchor 2 has a substantially cylindrical sleeve 21 attached to a taper bolt 22 having a truncated cone-like head portion 22 a on the right side of FIG. 10. The sleeve 21 is slidably fitted in the direction, and is provided with slits 21c at four points in the circumferential direction at the distal end portion of the sleeve 21 to form an enlarged portion 21a. 21b is provided. After the anchor 2 is loaded into a mounting hole h formed in a concrete lining (covering concrete) F having a diameter equal to or slightly larger than the outer diameter of the sleeve 21, the rear end of the sleeve 21 is pipe-shaped. In this configuration, the widening portion 21a provided with the slit 21c of the sleeve 21 is expanded by the head portion 22a so as to be struck by using the driving jig P or by pulling the taper bolt 22, and the retaining portion P is held.

  Further, the anchor 2 is provided with a nut 23 screwed into the threaded portion 22b of the taper bolt 22 as shown in FIGS. 7 and 10, and inside the nut 23 is shown in FIG. 10 (b). Are provided with leaf springs 23a, 23a that can be hooked on the thread of the threaded portion 22b and exhibit a locking function. In the figure, 24 is a washer.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIGS. 5 to 7 and FIG. 10, the support fitting 3 is formed in a substantially square shape, particularly a rectangular shape in the case of the drawing, as shown in FIGS. The mounting hole 3a is formed in the part, and the leg part 3b protruding to the tunnel lining side is integrally provided in the four even parts, so that the net-like material straddles the wire 10 constituting the net-like object 1 The object 1 is attached and supported on the tunnel lining inner surface Fa. In the present embodiment, the mounting hole 3a is formed in a long hole shape that is long in the lateral direction.

  Further, in the case of the figure, the leg portion 3b is formed integrally with the support fitting 3 by bending four even parts of the support fitting 3 made of a substantially rectangular metal plate to the tunnel lining side. The structure of the leg portion 3b is appropriate. For example, a rod-like or other desired shape leg formed separately from the support bracket 3 is integrally fixed to the four even portions of the support bracket 3 by welding or rivets, respectively. It can also be provided.

  When the mesh 1 is attached and supported by the support fitting 3, the mesh 1 and the support fitting 3 are inserted through the taper bolts 22 of the anchor 2 placed in the anchor attachment hole h as shown in FIG. Then, by pressing the support fitting 3 against the tunnel lining inner surface Fa side with a nut 23 screwed to the taper bolt 22, the mesh 1 is fixed between the support fitting 3 and the tunnel lining inner face Fa. It is the structure to do.

  The tapered bolt 22 of the anchor 2 is preferably provided with a portion 22c as a paragraph for preventing the nut 23 from coming off as shown in FIG. The outer diameter of the paragraph 22c is smaller than the inner diameter of the screw portion of the nut 23, and the axial length of the paragraph 22c is equal to or longer than the axial length of the screw portion of the nut 23. . In this case, for example, when the nut 23 gradually loosens due to some vibration or the like and moves to the paragraph 22c as shown in FIG. 8, the nut 23 is misaligned and fits loosely in the paragraph 22c. In this state, unless the nut 23 and the taper bolt 22 are artificially engaged with each other, the nut 23 cannot be moved further toward the end of the bolt. In addition, the support metal fitting 3 and the net 1 can be prevented from being accidentally dropped off.

  Next, an example of a specific procedure for constructing the peeling protection structure according to the present invention configured as described above on the tunnel lining inner surface Fa as shown in FIG. 1 will be described. First, in laying the mesh 1 on the tunnel lining inner surface Fa, the tunnel lining inner surface Fa corresponds to the size and shape of the mesh 1 as shown in FIG. 11 (a), for example. Divide the partition by size and assign the panel to each partition.

  And the drill which abbreviate | omitted the anchor insertion hole h as shown to a figure in the predetermined position of the tunnel lining inner surface Fa corresponding to the predetermined position of the boundary part of an adjacent panel and the center part of each panel in a figure The anchor 2 is driven into each anchor insertion hole h. For example, in the case of a metal expansion type anchor such as the illustrated example, the sleeve 21 is fitted to the taper bolt 22, They are inserted into the anchor insertion holes h, and a pipe-like driving jig P indicated by a two-dot chain line in FIG. 2B is applied to the rear end of the sleeve 21, and the jig P is removed with a hammer or the like omitted in the drawing. Type in. Then, the expanded portion 21 a of the sleeve 21 is expanded by the head portion 22 a of the taper bolt 22, and the anchor 2 is fixed to the concrete of the lining F. When a pulling direction force acts on the anchor 2 fixed to the concrete in this way, the anchoring strength is determined in such a manner that the anchor 2 does not come out of the lining F but the lining F is sheared and destroyed. Is well known.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 12 (c), the mesh 1 is disposed at a predetermined position on the tunnel lining inner surface Fa, and the screw of the taper bolt 22 of the anchor 2 placed in the anchor insertion hole h as described above. After the support fitting 3 and the washer 24 are inserted into the portion 22b, a nut 23 is screwed into the threaded portion 22b of the taper bolt 22, and the mesh-like material is interposed between the support fitting 3 and the tunnel lining inner surface Fa as shown in FIG. 1 is clamped and fixed.

  By sequentially arranging and attaching the mesh 1 to the tunnel lining inner surface Fa as described above, the tunnel lining inner surface Fa can be covered with the mesh 1 as shown in FIG. As a result, it is possible to prevent the debris or lump f from being peeled off. In particular, in the present invention, the mesh 1 is attached to the anchor 2 placed on the tunnel lining inner surface Fa via the support fitting 3. The net can be attached and supported easily and reliably.

  As a result, as compared with the case where the sheet is adhered to the concrete surface as in the above-mentioned Patent Document 1, it is possible to satisfactorily prevent the peeling of concrete fragments and lumps f and the like, and the lock bolt that supports the net-like material as in the above-mentioned Patent Document 2. There is no hassle to place support members such as steel bars and reinforcing bars through the lining and into the ground. Further, there is an advantage that the mounting strength is high and the reliability can be greatly improved as compared to the case where a substantially U-shaped fastener is wrapped around a wire constituting the wire mesh and mounted with pins as in Patent Document 3. .

  Moreover, when the leg part 3b which protrudes in the tunnel lining side is integrally provided in the four even parts of the support metal fitting 3 which consists of a substantially square metal plate like the said embodiment, the support metal fitting 3 which has the leg part 3b is used. As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the mesh 1 can be more easily and reliably attached and supported on the tunnel lining inner surface Fa so as to straddle the wire 10 constituting the mesh 1. In particular, it is possible to prevent the meshes 1 from opening each other by installing the support fitting 3 so as to connect the wires 10 of the adjacent meshes 1 and 1 by the leg portions 3b. In FIG. 5, the four corners of the adjacent mesh 1 are arranged so as to abut each other, but the corners of the adjacent mesh 1 are overlapped with each other, and the support fitting 3 is engaged with the overlapping portion. They may be attached together. The same applies to the edge of the reticulate 1 adjacent to the tunnel circumferential direction and the axial direction other than the corners and the support fitting for attaching and supporting the edge.

  When the peeling protection structure according to the present invention is applied to an area where spring water or the like is likely or likely to be generated on the inner surface Fa of the tunnel lining, particularly, for example, as shown in FIG. If there is a defective concrete construction N or degraded part such as, or if there is a crack C as shown in FIG. 13 (b), or the lining concrete as shown in FIG. 11 (a) and FIG. 13 (c). When there is a joint J or the like, a protective sheet such as a waterproof sheet may be interposed between the mesh 1 and the tunnel lining inner surface Fa as necessary.

  FIGS. 13B, 13C, 14 and 15 show an example. In this example, the anchor 2 and the support fitting 3 are meshed on the tunnel lining inner surface Fa in the same manner as described above. When the object 1 is attached, the protective sheet 4 is interposed between the mesh object 1 and the tunnel lining inner surface Fa. In addition, when attaching the protection sheet | seat 4 for the purpose of a spring treatment, it is still better to interpose a water stop rubber in the part which the taper bolt 22 of the anchor 2 penetrates. The material of the protective sheet 4 is appropriate, but in this example, a synthetic resin sheet such as polyethylene or EVA resin having impact resistance and water-stopping property is used.

  The protective sheet 4 is constructed at least in an area where the above-mentioned spring water or the like is likely or likely to be generated, and the area is on the inner side of the outermost outer side on both sides in the width direction of the tunnel lining inner surface Fa. In some cases, it is desirable to continuously provide at least from the above region to the outermost position.

  Further, on the surface of the protective sheet 4 on the tunnel lining side, striped convex ribs 4a extending in the circumferential direction of the tunnel as shown in FIGS. 13B and 13C and FIGS. It is preferable to provide a large number of the ribs in the tunnel axis direction, and the material and configuration of the convex ribs 4a are appropriate. The rib 4a is integrally formed.

  When the protective sheet 4 is interposed between the net 1 and the tunnel lining inner surface Fa as described above, even when spring water or the like permeates the tunnel lining inner surface Fa side, Etc. can be drained to the side of the tunnel along the tunnel lining inner surface Fa without dropping into the tunnel. In particular, when there are poor concrete construction locations such as junkers N, degraded locations, cracks C or joints J of lining concrete, etc., spring water or the like permeates the tunnel lining inner surface Fa side. Although it is easy, even if a large amount of spring water permeates, it can be drained well. In addition, since the protective sheet 4 is pressed against the inner surface Fa of the lining by the mesh 1, a slack that naturally occurs when a flexible sheet alone is laid on the tunnel lining inner surface Fa occurs. Without proper operation, it is possible to carry out smooth guided drainage of spring water in an appropriate installation state.

  Further, if a large number of striped convex ribs 4a extending in the tunnel circumferential direction are provided on the surface of the protective sheet 4 on the tunnel lining F side as described above in the tunnel axial direction, the above-mentioned along the convex ribs 4a. It is possible to smoothly drain spring water and the like, and there is an advantage that the convex rib 4a can also function as a reinforcing rib to increase the shape retention and strength of the protective sheet 4. .

  The size and shape of the protective sheet 4 are appropriate. For example, the protective sheet 4 is formed in substantially the same size and shape as the mesh 1 and the protective sheet 4 and the mesh 1 are preliminarily stacked. You may make it do. In that case, the protective sheets 4 and 4 adjacent in the circumferential direction of the tunnel are configured such that the lower end portion of the upper protective sheet 4 overlaps the tunnel lining side surface of the upper end portion of the lower protective sheet 4. Is desirable.

  Further, the protective sheet 4 may be formed larger than the mesh 1, and particularly when the length in the circumferential direction of the tunnel is longer than the length in the circumferential direction of the tunnel 1, the overlap processing is reduced. can do. Furthermore, it is desirable that the protective sheet 4 disposed at the joint J position of the lining concrete is provided at least over the entire length in the circumferential direction of the upper half of the tunnel. The net 1 may be omitted and only the protective sheet 4 may be provided as shown in FIG. In this case, as the protective sheet 4, other than the above, a sheet material such as polycarbonate or PVC, a transparent plate, or the like can be used.

  Furthermore, since the net 1 as described above does not block the tunnel lining inner surface Fa, other lining reinforcement structures and reinforcement methods can be applied in combination with the mesh lining 1. For example, after attaching the mesh 1 or before, injecting a consolidated material into the lining concrete, placing a lock bolt on the backside ground, and supporting a reinforcing material such as a steel strip along the inner circumferential surface of the lining It is possible and easy to use together with the method of installing in the work shape, and this makes it possible to repair and reinforce the tunnel in a complex and more effective manner.

  FIG. 16 to FIG. 18 show an example. In this example, a plurality of lock bolts 11 are radiated in the ground on the back side of the tunnel lining and the inner surface of the net 1 attached in the same manner as described above. A reinforcing member 12 made of a steel strip is attached to the side. In particular, in the case of the figure, the end portion 11a of each lock bolt 11 on the inner side of the tunnel is passed through the reinforcing member 12, and a nut 13 is screwed into a male screw formed on each end portion 11a so that the nut 12 and the inner lining Fa The reinforcing material 12 and the mesh 1 are sandwiched between and fixed. In the figure, 14 is a washer.

  The lock bolt 11 and the reinforcing member 12 may be attached independently. For example, the lock bolt 11 may be simply fitted with a washer 14 at the end portion 11a on the inner side of the tunnel and screwed in the nut 13. . Further, the reinforcing member 12 can be attached with the same anchor 2 or the like as shown in FIG. Even in that case, it is preferable that the mesh 1 is sandwiched between the reinforcing material 12 and the tunnel lining inner surface Fa, and the nut 23 and the reinforcing material 12 are provided when the taper bolt 22 is provided with a section 22c similar to the above. Inadvertent drop-off of the net 1 can be prevented. Further, in each of the above-described configuration examples, the protective sheet 4 may be provided as necessary in the same manner as described above. In that case, the net 1 and the tunnel lining inner surface in FIGS. What is necessary is just to interpose the protection sheet 4 between Fa.

According to the peeling protection structure of the tunnel lining inner surface according to the present invention configured as described above, the anchor is placed on the inner surface of the tunnel lining and the net is attached to and supported by the inner surface of the tunnel lining through the support fitting. The reticulate body can be easily and quickly and firmly attached and supported by an extremely simple configuration, and can be effectively applied as a peeling protection structure in an existing tunnel or a newly constructed tunnel.
In addition, since the present invention does not block the inner surface of the lining because it is easy to use the mesh and the protective sheet together, other lining reinforcement structures or methods other than the present invention, that is, consolidation to lining concrete. It is easy to use in combination with material injection, rock bolt placement on the back ground of the lining, and a method of installing the steel strip in the form of a support along the inner peripheral surface of the lining. Tunnel can be repaired and reinforced.

The cross section of the upper part of the tunnel which shows one Embodiment of the peeling protection structure of the tunnel lining inner surface by this invention. The side view which looked at a part of the said peeling protection structure from the sky inside the tunnel. (A) is the one part enlarged view of the said FIG. 2, (b) is the expansion | deployment longitudinal cross-sectional view. 2A is an enlarged view of a part of FIG. 2A, and FIG. The enlarged view of the A section in Fig.4 (a). The enlarged view of the B section in Fig.4 (a). The longitudinal cross-sectional view of the attachment part of a net-like object. The same figure with the nut loosened. The front view which shows an example of a net-like object. (A) is a partially cutaway side view of the anchor and the support metal, (b) is a front view of the nut, and (c) is a perspective view of the support metal. (A) is explanatory drawing which shows the construction point of the peeling protection structure to the tunnel lining inner surface, (b) is the side view seen from the sky side in the tunnel after construction. (A)-(c) is explanatory drawing which shows the construction procedure of an anchor. (A)-(d) is a cross-sectional top view of schematic structure which shows construction states, such as a net-like thing. Sectional drawing of the example which interposed the protection sheet between the meshwork and the tunnel lining inner surface. The perspective view which shows the arrangement configuration of the said protection sheet | seat and a net-like object. The perspective view which shows the other structural example of the peeling protection structure of the tunnel lining inner surface by this invention. The cross-sectional view of said peeling protection structure. Part of the enlarged view. Sectional drawing which shows the other example of attachment of a reinforcing material.

Explanation of symbols

T tunnel F lining Fa lining inner surface 1 mesh 10 wire 2 anchor 21 sleeve 21a widened portion 21b uneven portion 21c slit 22 taper bolt 22a head portion 22b screw portion 22c paragraph portion 23 nut 24 washer 3 mounting bracket 3a mounting hole 3a 3b Leg 4 Protection sheet

Claims (3)

A tunnel protection inner surface peeling prevention structure for preventing peeling by attaching a mesh to the inner surface of the tunnel lining, and an anchor is placed on the inner surface of the tunnel lining, and the anchor is attached to the anchor via a support fitting. A tunnel protection inner surface peeling protection structure characterized in that a protection sheet such as a waterproof sheet is interposed between and supported on the inner surface of the tunnel lining, and a protective sheet such as a waterproof sheet is interposed between the mesh and the inner surface of the tunnel lining.   2. The peeling protection structure for an inner surface of a tunnel lining according to claim 1, wherein the support fitting is integrally provided with leg portions protruding toward the tunnel lining side at four even portions of a substantially square metal plate. The peeling protection structure on the inner surface of the tunnel lining according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a large number of striped convex ribs extending in the circumferential direction of the tunnel are formed on the surface of the protective sheet on the tunnel lining side.

Images