JP5132009B1 - Nut for fixing used in slope stabilization method, slope stabilization structure using the same, and slope stabilization method - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention simplifies the construction and prevents corrosion of the head of the lock bolt over a long period of time.
A metal fixing nut that is screwed onto the head of a lock bolt 4 that is cueed from a slope 2 and presses a pressure plate 10 from above, and a pressing surface for pressing the pressure plate 10 23 and a fastening female thread portion 31 for screwing onto the lock bolt 4. A cylindrical sheath portion 22 that covers the outside of the lock bolt 4 is provided below the pressure plate 10 below the pressing surface 23. A non-threaded portion that is integrally formed so as to protrude downward, and that is at least a predetermined length from the lower end of the inner peripheral surface of the sheath portion 22, and in which the female thread portion 31 for fastening is not formed It is configured as an area.
[Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a fixing nut used in a slope stabilization method, a slope stabilization structure using the nut, and a slope stabilization method.

  For example, in the lock bolt method (lock bolt method), which is one of the slope stabilization methods, a fixing tool consisting of a fixing nut and a bearing plate (head plate) is used as a head treatment for the lock bolt as a reinforcing material. The In addition, a plurality of members are usually used in addition to these members. As an example, as shown in FIG. 14, a sheath tube 103, a ball seat 104, and a rust prevention cap 105 are used in addition to the fixing nut 101 and the bearing plate 102. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 13, a lock bolt 112 and a sheath tube 103 are inserted into a hole 111 (cutting hole) formed in the inclined surface 110 and fixed with an injection material 113, and the lock that is cueed from the inclined surface 110. After the bearing plate 102 and the ball seat 104 are sequentially installed on the head of the bolt 112, the fixing nut 101 is screwed onto the head of the lock bolt 112 and the bearing plate 102 is pressed through the ball seat 104. Further, a rust-preventing cap 105 filled with a rust-preventing agent such as grease is covered from above, and a female thread on the outer peripheral surface of the lower end of the rust-preventing cap 105 is placed on the male screw portion of the convex outer peripheral surface of the bearing plate 102. Attach by screwing the screw part.

  The lock bolt 112 is basically inserted perpendicular to the inclined surface 110, but in many cases, the lock bolt 112 is not actually perpendicular, and therefore the angle between the lock bolt 112 and the bearing plate 102 is not a right angle. There are many. In such a case, the ball seat 104 is used so that the fixing nut 101 can be sufficiently fastened.

  Further, the surface 110a of the slope 110, that is, the surface of the slope frame when a slope frame is constructed as a slope work, and the surface of a natural ground when there is no slope work, The portion of the rock bolt 112 near the surface portion 110a of 110 is susceptible to corrosion. In particular, since rainwater or the like easily enters the boundary portion between the ground surface portion 110a of the slope 110 and the bearing plate 102, the portion of the rock bolt 112 facing the boundary portion is the portion most easily corroded. Therefore, the sheath tube 103 is arranged so as to cover the outside of the lock bolt 112 in order to protect the portion of the lock bolt 112 facing the boundary portion. As described above, since the sheath tube 103 is inserted into the hole 111 together with the lock bolt 112 and fixed by the injection material 113, the height and inclination cannot be adjusted thereafter. Therefore, the sheath tube 103 is made of easily deformable rubber so that the angle and distance between the lock bolt 112 and the support plate 102 when the support plate 102 is installed can be adjusted.

  As described above, many members are used for the head treatment of the lock bolt 112. First, since the number of members is large, there is a problem that the number of processes is large and the construction is complicated. In addition, the slope stabilization method is an operation under an unstable environment called a slope, and members may fall or be lost. Therefore, as the number of members increases, the probability of dropping or loss increases, and the construction becomes difficult in proportion to the number of members.

  Secondly, since the sheath tube 103 is made of rubber, it is inferior in terms of durability compared to other metal members. Therefore, there is a concern about the corrosion prevention performance of the lock bolt 112 after a long period of time. Incidentally, the injection material 113 is filled around the lock bolt 112, and the lock bolt 112 is fixedly integrated with the inclined surface 110 via the injection material 113, but the ground surface portion in which the sheath tube 103 is disposed. In a portion close to 110 a, a member made of a weak and different material such as a rubber sheath tube 103 exists outside the lock bolt 112, and the fixing force in the portion covered with the sheath tube 103 is higher than that of the other portions. There is also a risk of lowering.

  For example, in Patent Documents 1 to 7 listed below, various structures for reducing the number of members have been proposed. In the following Patent Document 1, a configuration in which a cap storing a rust inhibitor and a nut is integrated is proposed, and further, the number of members is further reduced by integrating a ball seat with the nut. However, the second problem is not solved because the sheath tube is used as usual and relates to the structure above the bearing plate.

  In the following Patent Documents 2 and 5, an attempt is made to seal the upper surface of the bearing plate, but the sheath tube is not used. Therefore, rainwater or the like enters and locks from the boundary between the bearing plate and the frame. Bolts can corrode.

  In the following Patent Document 3, a structure for preventing the corrosion by covering the head of the lock bolt with a heat shrink film is proposed, but a process of mounting the heat shrink film on the lock bolt is required. There is a problem that the heat shrink film is easily damaged. The same is applied to Patent Document 4 below, and there is a problem that the synthetic resin film of the lock bolt is easily damaged.

  On the other hand, Patent Document 6 below proposes a nut member in which a nut portion is integrally provided below a pressing surface that presses a support plate from above. However, since the female thread portion is formed up to the lower end of the nut portion, even if an attempt is made to screw the nut member onto the head of the lock bolt, the injected material injected into the hole is not fixed to the lock bolt and the female thread portion of the nut portion. However, there is a problem that the workability is very poor even if it can be fastened and cannot be fastened.

  And even if it can conclude, the following problems also arise. That is, in Patent Document 6 below, the head of the lock bolt hardly protrudes upward from the frame, that is, the head is not almost cueed, and the lock bolt is almost entirely embedded in the hole injection material. Yes. Moreover, since the top surface of the nut member is closed, the head of the lock bolt cannot be visually recognized when the nut member is screwed onto the lock bolt. On the other hand, the height of the head of the lock bolt often varies depending on the construction. In this specification, if the lock bolt is installed higher than the reference height, the bearing plate cannot be pressed by the nut member.Therefore, considering the variation during construction, the lock bolt is inevitably installed lower than the reference height. Will be. As a result, there arises a problem that a sufficient fastening force cannot be obtained because the length of the female screw portion screwed to the head of the lock bolt is insufficient.

  Similarly, in Patent Document 7 below, a nut portion is integrally provided below the pressing surface, but the insertion hole formed in the method frame is not filled with an injection material but is hollow. Therefore, it is prevented that the injection material is caught between the lock bolt and the nut portion and the nut member cannot be screwed, and the height of the lock bolt is confirmed because the hook-shaped presser portion is open. Can do. However, since the insertion hole of the method frame is hollow, a sheath tube is separately provided below the nut member, and it is necessary to prevent corrosion of the lock bolt inside the insertion hole by the sheath tube. .

JP 2000-145743 A Utility Model Registration No. 3083619 JP 2007-239300 A JP 2009-30258 A JP 2012-36696 A JP 2009-249879 A JP 2011-63958 A

  Therefore, the present invention has been made in view of the above conventional problems, and it is an object to simplify the construction and prevent corrosion of the head of the lock bolt for a long period of time.

The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and a fixing nut used in the slope stabilization method according to the present invention is screwed onto the head of a reinforcing material such as a lock bolt headed from the slope. A metal fixing nut that is attached and presses the bearing plate from above, and includes a pressing surface for pressing the supporting plate and a fastening female screw portion for screwing to the reinforcing member. A cylindrical sheath portion that covers the outside of the reinforcing material is integrally formed on the lower side so as to form one member with the pressing surface, and the lower portion of the sheath portion projects below the support plate. And has a length that is embedded in an injection material for fixing the reinforcing material to the hole in the slope , and at least a region of a predetermined length from the lower end of the inner peripheral surface of the sheath portion is the fastening It is configured as a non-threaded area where no female thread is formed To.

  In the fixing nut having such a configuration, since the sheath portion is integrally formed below the pressing surface, the outside of the reinforcing material is automatically covered with the sheath portion by screwing to the reinforcing material. Can do. Since the sheath portion protrudes below the bearing plate, rainwater or the like entering the boundary portion between the inclined surface and the bearing plate can be surely blocked by the sheath portion, and the reinforcing material is blocked by the sheath portion. Can be protected. Further, since the sheath portion is made of metal, it has excellent durability, and the reinforcing material can be reliably protected from corrosion over a long period of time. Furthermore, since the sheath portion is made of metal, the fixing force is not locally reduced at the location of the sheath portion, a predetermined fixing force is ensured, and the secular change is small. On the other hand, since an injection material or a filler is already injected into the hole formed in the inclined surface, when the fixing nut is screwed onto the head of the reinforcing material, it protrudes downward from the bearing plate. The sheath portion to be entered enters the injection material or the like. At that time, at least a region of a predetermined length from the lower end of the inner peripheral surface of the sheath portion is a non-threaded region, so that it is difficult for an injection material or the like to bite between the reinforcing material and the female screw portion for fastening. The fixing nut can be smoothly screwed to the reinforcing material. In this way, the fixing nut can be screwed to the reinforcing material while the sheath portion is inserted into the injecting material, etc., and the injection material is injected into the hole in the slope after the fixing nut is screwed to the reinforcing material. There is no need to adopt a special process such as, and an injection material or the like can be previously injected into the hole in the slope.

  In particular, it is preferable that a region of the inner peripheral surface of the sheath portion that is located below the support plate is configured as a non-screw portion region. Even if the injection material or the like is injected to the vicinity of the lower surface of the support plate, if the region located below the support plate on the inner peripheral surface of the sheath portion is a non-threaded region, the injection material or the like is Only partial areas will enter. Therefore, there is no possibility that an injection material or the like enters the fastening female screw portion, and the fixing nut can be smoothly screwed to the end.

  On the other hand, it is preferable that minute irregularities for increasing friction be formed in the lower part of the outer peripheral surface of the sheath part. Since the lower portion of the sheath portion is a portion embedded in the injection material or the like, by forming minute irregularities on the outer peripheral surface of the lower portion, friction with the injection material or the like can be increased and fixed reliably.

  Further, an upper cylindrical portion having a pressing surface and extending upward is provided, a sheath portion is integrally formed below the upper cylindrical portion, and a fastening female screw portion is formed on the upper cylindrical portion. Preferably it is. By providing the upper cylindrical portion on the upper side of the sheath portion, the length of the fastening female screw portion can be easily ensured.

  Furthermore, a nut main body is comprised from an upper cylindrical part and a sheath part, The upper end of this nut main body is opened so that a reinforcing material can be visually recognized, and the cap attached to a nut main body is provided so that this upper end opening may be obstruct | occluded. It is preferable. Since the upper end of the nut main body, that is, the upper end of the upper cylindrical portion is open, the reinforcing material can be screwed while being visually recognized from the upper end opening. Further, since the reinforcing material can be visually recognized from the upper end opening even after the fastening, the height of the reinforcing material can be easily confirmed, and an insufficient amount of screwing into the reinforcing material can be prevented. And an upper end opening can be obstruct | occluded by attaching a cap to a nut main body. Therefore, the head of the reinforcing material can be covered with the nut main body and the cap, the head of the reinforcing material can be protected from external force, and the head of the reinforcing material can be easily rusted. Moreover, since the head of the reinforcing material is not exposed, even if a person approaches the slope, it can be prevented that the head of the reinforcing material is injured.

  In particular, the cap is preferably detachably screwed to the upper end of the nut body. If the cap is removed from the nut body during inspection after installation, the height of the head of the reinforcing material can be easily confirmed from the upper end opening of the nut body, and the cap is screwed onto the upper end of the nut body after the inspection is completed. Therefore, the original state can be easily restored.

  The slope stabilization structure according to the present invention is such that the reinforcing material is fixed by injecting an injection material into a hole formed in the slope, and the fixing according to any one of claims 1 to 6 is fixed to the head of the reinforcing material. A fixing nut is screwed, and a sheath portion of the fixing nut protrudes downward from the bearing plate and is embedded in the injection material. In addition, the hole formed in the slope is a hole formed in the natural ground and the slope work when the slope work is applied to the natural ground, and the ground is formed when the slope work is not executed. It is a hole formed in the mountain.

  The slope stabilization method according to the present invention includes a step of injecting an injection material into a hole formed in the slope to fix the reinforcement, a step of installing a bearing plate on the head of the reinforcement, and the fixing described above. And a step of screwing a nut to the head of the reinforcing member and projecting the sheath portion downward from the bearing plate. The injection material may be injected into the hole after the reinforcing material is inserted into the hole in the slope, the injection material may be injected into the hole before the reinforcing material is inserted, or a self-drilling bolt is used as the reinforcing material. The reinforcing material may be installed on the inclined surface while forming a hole in the inclined surface, and when the reinforcing material has a through hole, the injection material may be injected from the through hole.

  In such a slope stabilization method, the fixing nut can be embedded by allowing the sheath portion of the fixing nut to enter the injecting material before the injecting material hardens, but the fixing nut can be screwed in until the injecting material is cured. There is a limit to the number of items. Therefore, it is also preferable to employ the following steps. That is, a step of attaching a cylindrical spacer to the reinforcing material, a step of curing the injected material in a state where the spacer is embedded in the injected material, and then removing the spacer from the reinforcing material, and a periphery of the reinforcing material by removing the spacer. It is also preferable to include a step of filling the gap formed in the filler with a filler, and a step of screwing a fixing nut into the reinforcing member and inserting a sheath portion of the fixing nut into the gap. If the spacer is used in this way, the fixing nut can be screwed together to a large number of reinforcing members, and the working efficiency is improved. The reinforcing material may be inserted into the hole first, and then the spacer may be attached to the reinforcing material. Alternatively, the spacer may be attached to the reinforcing material in advance, and the reinforcing material with the spacer may be inserted into the hole. Good. Further, it is preferable to fill the gap with a filler before screwing the fixing nut onto the reinforcing material.

  Moreover, when using a spacer, it is preferable to use the taper-shaped spacer which is made of a synthetic resin and whose lower outer peripheral surface gradually becomes thinner toward the lower side. The spacer can be easily peeled off and removed from the cured injection material.

  As described above, since the sheath portion is integrally formed with the fixing nut, the number of members and man-hours can be reduced, and the construction is facilitated. In particular, a region of a predetermined length from the lower end of the inner peripheral surface of the sheath portion. Can be smoothly screwed to the reinforcing material. Further, since the sheath portion is made of metal, it has strength and high durability, and can be fixed reliably.

Sectional drawing which shows the slope stabilization structure constructed | assembled by the slope stabilization construction method in one Embodiment of this invention. The half sectional view which shows the fixing nut used for the slope stabilization construction method. (A) And (b) is sectional drawing which shows the construction procedure of the slope stabilization construction method. (A) And (b) is sectional drawing which shows the construction procedure of the slope stabilization construction method. The spacer used for the slope stabilization construction method in other embodiment of this invention is shown, (a) is a half sectional view, (b) is the AA expanded sectional view of (a). (A) And (b) is sectional drawing which shows the construction procedure of the slope stabilization construction method. (A) And (b) is sectional drawing which shows the construction procedure of the slope stabilization construction method. The top view which shows the slope stabilization structure constructed | assembled by the slope stabilization construction method in other embodiment of this invention. The ring unit used for the slope stabilization construction method is shown, (a) is a front view, (b) is a side view. The top view which shows the relationship between the ring unit used for the slope stabilization construction method, and a lock bolt. Sectional drawing which shows the slope stabilization structure constructed by the slope stabilization construction method. (A) And (b) is sectional drawing which shows the construction procedure of the slope stabilization construction method. Sectional drawing which shows the slope stabilization structure constructed by the conventional slope stabilization construction method. The partial cross section figure which shows the member which is used for the conventional slope stabilization construction method.

  Hereinafter, a slope stabilization method according to an embodiment of the present invention, a fixing nut used therefor, and a slope stabilization structure constructed by the slope stabilization method will be described with reference to FIGS.

  FIG. 1 shows a slope stabilization structure in the present embodiment, and FIG. 2 shows a fixing nut 1 used therein. The slope stabilization structure of FIG. 1 is based on the rock bolt method, and a drill hole 3 is formed in the ground mountain 2 which is a slope, and a lock bolt 4 as a reinforcing material is inserted into the drill hole 3. It is fixed by an injection material.

  The lock bolt 4 is fixed to the natural ground 2 through an injection material. The head of the rock bolt 4 protrudes from the ground surface 2a of the natural ground 2 by a predetermined length, and the cue length, which is the amount of protrusion protruding from the ground surface 2a, is determined by the fixing tool. Is necessary and sufficient to be structurally integrated. The total length of the rock bolt 4 is determined by comprehensively considering the collapse scale of the natural ground 2, the necessary deterrence, workability, economic efficiency, etc., but is usually several meters and is 2 meters or more. The surface of the rock bolt 4 is preferably galvanized at least at the head portion of the entire length. Further, as the reinforcing material, a deformed steel bar, a self-drilling bolt, or the like is used in addition to a threaded bar steel such as the lock bolt 4.

  The injection material plays a role of load transmission between the natural ground 2 and the lock bolt 4 and a role of protecting the lock bolt 4. The injection material is composed of a grout 5 (cement milk) filled in most of the hole 3 and a mortar 6 filled on the upper side of the grout 5. Since the grout 5 has high fluidity, the upper surface thereof is not parallel to the ground surface portion 2a of the natural ground 2 but a horizontal surface as shown in FIG. The space from the top surface of the grout 5 to the ground surface portion 2a is filled with mortar 6, and the top surface of the mortar 6 is substantially flush with the ground surface portion 2a.

  A supporting plate 10 and a fixing nut 1 are used as a fixing tool for fixing and integrating the head of the lock bolt 4 with the ground 2. Both the bearing plate 10 and the fixing nut 1 are made of metal. The bearing plate 10 has a configuration similar to that shown in FIGS. 13 and 14 and has a through hole 11 through which the lock bolt 4 is inserted. The bearing plate 10 is installed on the ground surface 2 a of the natural ground 2, and the lock bolt 4 is inserted through the through hole 11 of the bearing plate 10, and the lock bolt 4 protrudes upward from the bearing plate 10 by a predetermined amount. A pressed surface 12 to be pressed by the fixing nut 1 is formed on the upper wall surface of the through hole 11 of the bearing plate 10. The pressed surface 12 is an inclined surface whose diameter increases toward the upper side. However, the pressed surface 12 may be formed as a concave spherical surface (curved surface). The lower part of the through hole 11 is larger in diameter than the upper part of the through hole 11 and has substantially the same diameter as the drilling hole 3. The bearing plate 10 includes a thin plate-like base portion 10a whose lower surface is in contact with the ground surface portion 2a of the natural ground 2, and a column portion 10b projecting upward from the center of the upper surface of the base portion 10a. . A through hole 11 is formed so as to penetrate the base portion 10a and the column portion 10b, and a pressed surface 12 is formed on the column portion 10b. For example, the base portion 10a has a disk shape and the column portion 10b has a cylindrical shape, but may be square. In addition, since the structure of the conventional product shown in FIGS. 13 and 14 is used as it is, the female screw portion 13 is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the column portion 10b, but this female screw portion 13 is not used. Therefore, it is not necessary to form the female screw portion 13 on the outer peripheral surface of the column portion 10b.

  The fixing nut 1 has a two-piece configuration including a nut body 20 and a cap 21. The nut body 20 has a cylindrical shape as a whole, and both its upper end and lower end are open. The nut body 20 includes an upper upper tubular portion 40 and a lower sheath portion 22, and the upper tubular portion 40 and the sheath portion 22 are integrally formed.

  The upper cylindrical portion 40 has a pressing surface 23 that presses the pressed surface 12 of the bearing plate 10 at the bottom. That is, the upper cylindrical portion 40 includes, in order from the top, the straight cylindrical portion 24, the hexagonal operation portion 26 extended below the cylindrical portion 24 via the inclined portion 25 whose diameter is increased, and the enlarged cylindrical portion 24. It consists of a hook-like portion 28 that extends below the operation portion 26 via an inclined portion 27 that has a diameter. When the fixing nut 1 is screwed to the lock bolt 4 and fastened, a tool can be mounted on the operation portion 26 and rotated. A pressing surface 23 is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the bowl-shaped portion 28. The pressing surface 23 is formed in a spherical shape having a small diameter toward the lower side while curving downwardly convexly, and even when the angle between the lock bolt 4 and the bearing plate 10 is not a right angle. The pressed surface 12 of the bearing plate 10 can be pressed. Further, a screw is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the upper cylindrical portion 40 over the entire length. That is, in the inner peripheral surface of the upper cylindrical portion 40, a cap female screw portion 30 for screwing the cap 21 is formed in the vicinity of the upper end opening 29, and other parts than the cap female screw portion 30 are excluded. A fastening female screw portion 31 for screwing the fixing nut 1 to the lock bolt 4 is formed in the entire region, and the fastening female screw portion 31 is formed up to the vicinity of the upper end opening 29. The fastening female thread portion 31 is formed only on the upper cylindrical portion 40 and not on the sheath portion 22, and therefore the inner peripheral surface 22a of the sheath portion 22 is a smooth surface over the entire length. This is configured as a non-screw part region in which the fastening female screw part 31 is not formed. The cap female screw portion 30 has a slightly smaller screw diameter than the fastening female screw portion 31, but is different from the fastening female screw portion 31 and is a metric screw. The cap female screw portion 30 may have a slightly larger screw diameter than the fastening female screw portion 31 or substantially the same screw diameter.

  The sheath portion 22 is a thin straight tube extending linearly from the lower end of the upper cylindrical portion 40 toward the lower side, and the outer diameter thereof is smaller than that of the flange portion 28 of the upper cylindrical portion 40, The inner diameter is slightly larger than the fastening female screw portion 31. Only the lower part of the outer peripheral surface of the sheath part 22 is formed with minute irregularities 32 for increasing the friction between the injection material and a filler 66 described later. The minute irregularities 32 may have various shapes, but in the present embodiment, the minute irregularities 32 are formed by forming grooves in a knurled shape. A chamfered portion 33 is formed at the lower end portion of the outer peripheral surface of the sheath portion 22. The sheath portion 22 is formed to have substantially the same length as that of the upper cylindrical portion 40, but the length of the sheath portion 22 is arbitrary and can be shorter than the upper cylindrical portion 40. You can also. However, at least the sheath portion 22 extends below the lower surface of the bearing plate 10 so that the lower portion is embedded in the injection material.

  The cap 21 is detachably screwed to the upper end of the nut body 20 in order to close the upper end opening 29 of the nut body 20. The cap 21 includes a main body part 50 and a bolt part 51. When the cap 21 is screwed onto the nut body 20, the main body portion 50 is positioned above the nut body 20 and abuts against the upper end surface of the nut body 20. The main body portion 50 is formed in a hexagonal shape slightly larger than the upper end portion of the nut main body 20, that is, the cylindrical portion 24 of the upper cylindrical portion 40, and an operation portion 52 whose lower surface abuts on the upper end surface of the nut main body 20. The dome portion 53 extends upward from the portion 52 and is formed in an upward convex spherical shape. The bolt part 51 protrudes downward from the lower surface of the main body part 50, and a male thread part that is screwed into the cap female thread part 30 of the nut body 20 is formed on the peripheral surface thereof.

  In the state where the fixing nut 1 is screwed onto the lock bolt 4 as shown in FIG. 1, the upper end of the lock bolt 4 is prevented from reaching the upper end of the fastening female screw portion 31. Further, the length of the bolt part 51 is larger than the length of the female thread part 30 for cap so that the bolt part 51 of the cap 21 does not enter the region of the female thread part 31 for fastening beyond the female thread part 30 for cap. It is preferable to keep it short.

  Next, an example of the construction procedure of the slope stabilization method using the above fixing tool will be described. First, as shown in FIG. 3 (a), a hole 3 is formed in the natural ground 2, and a lock bolt 4 is inserted into the hole 3 so as to be inserted from the ground surface 2a of the natural ground 2 to the head of the lock bolt 4. Cue for a predetermined length. Then, as shown in FIG. 3 (b), the grout 5 is poured into the hole 3, and the mortar 6 in a kneaded state is filled up to the surface portion 2a. Before the mortar 6 is cured, the bearing plate 10 is installed at the position of the lock bolt 4 as shown in FIG. 4A, and the fixing nut 1 is attached to the head of the lock bolt 4 as shown in FIG. The nut body 20 is screwed, and the bearing plate 10 is pressed and fastened by the nut body 20. The nut body 20 with the cap 21 removed is screwed onto the lock bolt 4. Further, when the nut body 20 is screwed to the lock bolt 4, a rust preventive agent such as grease is applied to the head of the lock bolt 4, or a rust preventive agent is applied to the inner peripheral surface of the nut body 20. It may be applied. Further, a bag containing a rust preventive agent is attached to the inner peripheral surface of the nut main body 20, particularly the inner peripheral surface 22 a of the sheath portion 22, and the nut main body 20 is automatically screwed onto the head of the lock bolt 4. Alternatively, the inner rust inhibitor may be attached to the lock bolt 4 so that the bag is torn or opened. Then, as shown in FIG. 1, a cap 21 is screwed onto the upper end of the nut main body 20 to close the upper end opening 29 of the nut main body 20, thereby completing the operation.

  In the slope stabilization method using the fixing nut 1 as described above, since the sheath portion 22 is integrally formed with the fixing nut 1, the fixing nut 1 is screwed onto the lock bolt 4. At the same time, the outside of the lock bolt 4 in the vicinity of the ground surface portion 2a can be covered with the sheath portion 22. Since the sheath portion 22 covers the lock bolt 4 in the vicinity of the ground surface portion 2a, corrosion of the lock bolt 4 can be reliably prevented. In addition, the sheath portion 22 is formed integrally with the upper cylindrical portion 40, and there is no physical gap between the two portions. When the sheath tube has a separate structure as in the prior art, water may enter from the boundary portion between the fixing nut and the sheath tube, and the lock bolt may corrode. On the other hand, in the case of this embodiment, since the sheath part 22 is integrally formed, corrosion of the lock bolt 4 can be reliably prevented. Furthermore, since the sheath portion 22 is made of metal, has high strength, and is excellent in durability, the protection function of the lock bolt 4 is maintained over a long period of time. Further, since the sheath portion 22 is not made of rubber as in the prior art but is made of metal like the lock bolt 4, fixing in the vicinity of the ground surface portion 2a is also ensured.

  Then, since the fastening female screw portion 31 is not formed on the inner peripheral surface 22 a of the sheath portion 22, the sheath portion 22 smoothly enters the mortar 6, and the nut body 20 is attached to the lock bolt 4. It can be easily screwed. In particular, since the fastening female screw portion 31 is not formed on the inner peripheral surface 22a of the sheath portion 22 and the fastening female screw portion 31 is formed only on the upper tubular portion 40, the mortar 6 is assumed to be the ground surface portion 2a. Even if it protrudes from the top to the upper side, the fastening female screw portion 31 does not reach the mortar 6 attached to the lock bolt 4, and the nut body 20 is screwed smoothly and securely to the end. Can do. Further, since the fastening female screw portion 31 is not formed in the sheath portion 22 and only the upper cylindrical portion 40 is formed, the fixing nut 1 is screwed to the lock bolt 4. For this purpose, the lock bolt 4 must be cueed. That is, since it is checked whether or not the lock bolt 4 has an appropriate cue length before the fixing nut 1 is screwed, it is possible to prevent inadequate fastening or insufficient fastening force. can do. Since cueing is required, the confirmation test can be carried out as usual, and maintenance after construction is easy. Furthermore, since the fastening female screw portion 31 is formed only in the upper cylindrical portion 40, the overall length of the fastening female screw portion 31 is not excessively long, and the time and labor required for the fastening operation can be shortened.

  Further, when the nut body 20 is screwed to the lock bolt 4, the upper end of the nut body 20 is open, and the screw bolting operation is performed while visually confirming the presence and height of the lock bolt 4 from the upper end opening 29. Since it can be performed, it is possible to prevent a fastening failure due to insufficient screwing length during the screwing operation. Further, when the cap 21 is screwed onto the nut body 20, the height of the lock bolt 4 can be checked by visually recognizing the lock bolt 4 from the upper end opening 29 of the nut body 20. Further, in the completion inspection after the completion of construction, it is not necessary to remove the entire fixing nut 1 from the lock bolt 4, and if only the cap 21 is removed from the nut body 20, the height of the lock bolt 4 from the upper end opening 29 of the nut body 20. Can be inspected. The height and cueing of the lock bolt 4 can also be confirmed and inspected by inserting a rod-shaped tool from the upper end opening 29 of the nut body 20 and bringing the tip of the tool into contact with the upper end of the lock bolt 4.

  In the slope stabilization method described above, it is necessary to screw the fixing nut 1 to the lock bolt 4 before the mortar 6 is hardened, so that all the fixing nuts 1 in the construction area are screwed at once. Is difficult. Accordingly, the step of filling the fixed number of holes 3 with the mortar 6 and the step of screwing the fixing nut 1 to the fixed number of lock bolts 4 are sequentially repeated. Therefore, it is also preferable to attach the spacer 60 to the lock bolt 4 so that the fixing nut 1 can be screwed to the lock bolt 4 after the mortar 6 is cured.

  An example of the spacer 60 is shown in FIG. The spacer 60 is made of synthetic resin and has a cylindrical shape with an upper end closed lower end opening. A hexagonal operation portion 61 is formed at the upper end portion of the spacer 60. The upper outer peripheral surface 62 of the spacer 60 is formed with a constant diameter, but the lower outer peripheral surface 63 of the spacer 60 is formed in a tapered shape that gradually becomes thinner toward the lower side. The spacer 60 may have substantially the same diameter as the sheath portion 22 of the fixing nut 1, but preferably has a large diameter. Further, as shown in FIG. 5 (b), the inner peripheral surface of the spacer 60 is a smooth surface without a female screw portion, and its cross-sectional shape is a shape that matches the cross-sectional shape of the lock bolt 4, It is composed of two flat surface portions 64 facing each other by 180 degrees and two curved surface portions 65 in a direction orthogonal to the two flat surface portions 64. The diameter of the curved surface portion 65 is substantially equal to the outer diameter of the lock bolt 4.

  The construction procedure of the slope stabilization method using such a spacer 60 will be described. As shown in FIG. 6A, the spacer 60 is mounted so as to cover the head of the lock bolt 4 inserted into the hole 3. The spacer 60 is pushed in until the inner surface of the upper end of the spacer 60 comes into contact with the upper end of the lock bolt 4 and stops. In the state where the spacer 60 is mounted, the lower portion of the spacer 60 is positioned in the hole 3 and the upper portion of the spacer 60 protrudes upward from the ground surface portion 2a. After that, as shown in FIG. 6B, the grout 5 and the mortar 6 are filled in the hole 3 as the injection material, and the bearing plate 10 is installed.

  When the injection material is cured, the spacer 60 is pulled upward from the lock bolt 4 as shown in FIG. At that time, the lower outer peripheral surface 62 of the spacer 60 is tapered and can be easily pulled out from the injection material. Further, since the spacer 60 is made of a synthetic resin, the cured injection material is prevented from cracking and can be pulled out smoothly. When pulling out the spacer 60, the spacer 60 can be rotated by setting a tool on the operation portion 61 at the upper end of the spacer 60, whereby the spacer 60 can be easily peeled off from the injection material.

  When the spacer 60 is removed from the injection material, a gap S is generated around the lock bolt 4. Therefore, the gap S is filled with a highly fluid filler 66 such as grout. Then, the nut body 20 is screwed to the lock bolt 4 so that the sheath portion 22 is inserted into the filler 66 as shown in FIG.

  Since the injection material can be hardened first by using the spacer 60 in this manner, the mortar 6 can be filled in all the holes 3 at once, and the working efficiency is improved. Although a step of filling the filler 66 into the gap S is required, a small amount of the filler 66 can be used as compared with the mortar 6 and excellent in fluidity can be used. The work efficiency is higher than the work of filling the mortar 6 in batches. Therefore, the use / non-use of the spacer 60 may be determined in accordance with the construction area and the situation at the work site.

  In addition, in the said description, although the case where a slope work was not constructed in the natural ground 2 was demonstrated, it is the same also when it is a case where slope works, such as a spraying frame, are constructed.

  Moreover, it is applicable also to the slope stabilization construction method which puts a net in the ground surface part 2a of the natural ground 2 instead of a law frame. The net can be used to reduce the amount of trees that need not be cut or felled.

  An example of the net 70 is shown in FIG. The net 70 is formed by combining a plurality of ring-shaped ring units 71 without being fixed to each other. The ring unit 71 is formed in a substantially square shape as shown in FIG. The ring unit 71 is formed by forming a wire 72 formed by twisting a plurality of strands into a ring shape. The ring unit 71 includes a joint tool for connecting and releasing a predetermined portion in the circumferential direction. That is, hook members 74 having hook portions 73 that engage with each other as shown in FIG. 9B are attached to both ends of the wire rod 72 of the ring unit 71, respectively. By engaging and disengaging, the ring unit 71 can be coupled and released from the ring. In addition, in a state where the hook units 73 are engaged and the ring unit 71 is coupled in a ring shape, a cladding tube 75 that partially covers the coupling portion is slidably attached. The ring unit 71 is coupled and held in a ring shape by sliding as shown in b) to cover part of the coupling portion and further preventing the covering tube 75 from returning with the C ring 76 as a fastener. The ring unit 71 is, for example, a square having a side of about 50 cm.

  A net 70 as shown in FIG. 8 is formed by combining the ring units 71 having such a configuration in a plane, and a lock bolt 4 is driven at a predetermined portion of the intersection 70a of the net 70. The support plate 10 and the fixing nut 1 are installed. For example, the lock bolts 4 are staggered at intervals of about 2 m, which is the length of four ring units 71. As shown in FIG. 10, the lock bolt 4 is positioned between the corners of the two combined ring units 71. That is, the lock bolt 4 is positioned inside each of the two ring units 71 combined. FIG. 11 shows a cross-sectional view thereof, in which a bearing plate 10 composed of an upper bearing plate 77 and a lower bearing plate 78 is used, and two ring units are provided between the upper bearing plate 77 and the lower bearing plate 78. 71 corners are sandwiched. However, the net 70 is not completely fixed by the upper support plate 77 and the lower support plate 78, and the ring unit 71 is sandwiched to the extent that it can move to some extent along the ground surface portion 2a. The lower support plate 78 has a thin plate shape, while the upper support plate 77 is formed thicker than that. The lower support plate 78 is larger than the upper support plate 77, and has a larger diameter when circular. Four convex portions 79 are provided on the lower surface of the upper bearing plate 77, and the convex portions 79 abut against the lower bearing plate 78, so that the upper bearing plate 77 and the lower bearing plate 78 are interposed between them. A predetermined gap is formed, and the net 70 is located in the gap. A pressed surface 12 is formed on the upper bearing plate 77.

  The construction procedure of the slope stabilization method using such a net 70 will be described. First, the net 70 is laid in the construction area. At that time, it is preferable to insert the spacer 60 described above at the intersection 70a where the lock bolt 4 is installed instead of the lock bolt 4, and the net 70 can be laid on the assumption that the lock bolt 4 is installed. . Then, in order to drive the lock bolt 4, the hole 3 is formed in the natural ground 2, and at that time, the ring unit 71 at that location is once released. Then, as shown in FIG. 12A, the lock bolt 4 is inserted into the hole 3, the above-described spacer 60 is put on the head of the lock bolt 4, and the ring unit 71 is reconnected. When the ring unit 71 is coupled, the spacer 60 is present outside the lock bolt 4, so that the ring unit 71 and the lock bolt 4 are prevented from coming into direct contact. After that, as shown in FIG. 12B, the grout 5 and the mortar 6 are injected and filled into the hole 3 as the injection material, and the upper support plate 77 and the lower support plate 78 are installed. When the lower support plate 78 is installed, the lower support plate 78 is installed on the lock bolt 4 so as to lift the ring unit 71 upward from the lock bolt 4. Then, the spacer 60 is removed from the lock bolt 4, the gap 66 is filled with the filler 66, and the fixing nut 1 is screwed as shown in FIG. 11 to press the upper support plate 77. When the fixing nut 1 presses the upper support plate 77, the lower support plate 78 is buried in the natural ground 2, but whether or not the lower support plate 78 is pressed into the natural ground 2 depends on the surface portion of the natural ground 2. Depending on situation 2a. The sheath portion 22 of the fixing nut 1 is inserted through a rectangular hole formed between the corner portions of the two ring units 71, but the ring 60 can be removed by removing the spacer 60 from the lock bolt 4. A predetermined clearance is formed between the unit 71 and the lock bolt 4. Therefore, the sheath portion 22 of the fixing nut 1 can smoothly pass between the two ring units 71 and can enter the injection material. From this viewpoint, the spacer 60 preferably has a larger diameter than the sheath portion 22.

  In this way, in the construction method in which the net 70 is stretched around the ground surface portion 2a and the slope is stabilized, the force is transmitted from the lock bolt 4 to the net 70 while being dispersed, and the slope collapses while protecting the landscape. It can be effectively prevented. In particular, since the combined ring units 71 are not fixed to each other, the ring unit 71 can freely move at the intersection 70 a of the net 70 even if a force is applied to the wire 72. Therefore, when a force in a specific direction acts on the net 70, the force is distributed in all directions at the intersection 70 a of the net 70, and an excessive force acts on one lock bolt 4. Can be prevented. Further, since the lock bolt 4 is interposed between the two ring units 71, the force is distributed from the lock bolt 4 to the two ring units 71.

  Since the lock bolt 4 is covered with the sheath portion 22 and not exposed even on the upper side from the ground surface portion 2a, corrosion of the lock bolt 4 can be effectively prevented. And since the sheath part 22 is metal, the lock bolt 4 is protected over a long period of time. In addition, the sheath portion 22 is interposed between the net 70 and the lock bolt 4 so that they do not directly contact each other. Accordingly, it is possible to prevent the surface of the lock bolt 4 from being damaged by being rubbed against the net 70 and corroding from there. Further, the construction method has a feature that force is transmitted from the lock bolt 4 to the net 70, and the sheath portion 22 is a portion sandwiched between the lock bolt 4 and the two ring units 71. A large force will act. Since the sheath portion 22 is made of metal instead of rubber, it has high strength and durability and can withstand even if it is sandwiched between the lock bolt 4 and the two ring units 71 and protects the lock bolt 4 for a long period of time. To do. If the sheath portion 22 is corroded, it is possible to replace only the fixing nut 1 without changing the lock bolt 4.

  In the above embodiment, the non-threaded portion region without the fastening female screw portion 31 is formed over the entire length of the inner peripheral surface 22a of the sheath portion 22, but at least a predetermined length from the lower end of the sheath portion 22. It suffices if the region is a non-screw portion region, and a region located below the lower surface of the bearing plate 10 is preferably a non-screw portion region.

  Moreover, although the bolt part 51 was provided in the cap 21 and it screwed in the inner side of the upper end of the nut main body 20, it is good also as a structure screwed so that the cap 21 may be covered on the outer side of the upper end of the nut main body 20.

  Further, the cap 21 may be attached to the nut body 20 in a non-removable manner in addition to the cap 21 being detachably screwed to the upper end of the nut body 20. For example, a fitting protrusion may be formed on the lower surface of the cap 21, and the fitting protrusion may be fitted into the upper opening 29 of the nut body 20 to close the upper opening 29. This insertion operation can be performed by driving the cap 21 with a tool.

  Moreover, although it is preferable to provide the cap 21, this may be omitted. Furthermore, the cap 21 may be integrated with the nut main body 20 instead of a separate structure. In other words, the cap 21 to the sheath portion 22 may be constituted by a single member.

  Further, although the pressing surface 23 is formed in a spherical shape, it may be a flat surface. The same applies to the pressed surface 12 of the bearing plate 10. Moreover, it is good also considering the base part 10a and the pillar part 10b (washer) of the bearing plate 10 as a different body structure. Note that the minute irregularities 32 may be formed over the entire outer peripheral surface of the sheath portion 22. However, it is preferable to form the minute irregularities 32 only in the portion embedded in the injection material from the viewpoint of processing time and economy.

  The fixing nut 1 can also be applied to a ground anchor method (ground anchor method) which is one of the slope stabilization methods.

1 Nut for fixing 2 Ground (slope)
2a Ground surface 3 Drilling (hole)
4 Rock bolt (reinforcing material)
5 Grout (injection material)
6 Mortar (injection material)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Supporting plate 10a Base part 10b Column part 11 Through-hole 12 Pressed surface 13 Female thread part 20 Nut main body 21 Cap 22 Sheath part 22a Inner peripheral surface 23 Press surface 24 Cylindrical part 25 Inclined part 26 Operation part 27 Inclined part 28 Gutter shape Part 29 Upper end opening 30 Female thread part for cap 31 Female thread part for fastening 32 Micro-concave part 33 Chamfered part 40 Upper cylindrical part 50 Main body part 51 Bolt part 52 Operation part 53 Dome part 60 Spacer 61 Operation part 62 Upper outer peripheral surface 63 Lower part Outer peripheral surface 64 Flat surface portion 65 Curved surface portion 66 Filler 70 Net 70a Intersection 71 Ring unit 72 Wire rod 73 Hook portion 74 Cover member 76 Cladding tube 76 C ring 77 Upper bearing plate 78 Lower bearing plate 79 Protruding portion 101 Fixing nut 102 Support Pressure plate 103 Sheath tube 104 Ball seat 105 Rust prevention cap 110 Slope 110a Ground surface portion 111 Hole 112 Kkuboruto 113 injection material S gap

Claims (10)

A metal fixing nut that is screwed onto the head of a reinforcing material such as a lock bolt that is cued from the slope and presses the bearing plate from above,
A pressing surface for pressing the bearing plate and a female screw portion for fastening to the reinforcing member are provided, and a cylindrical sheath portion covering the outside of the reinforcing member is provided on the lower side of the pressing surface. The sheath portion is formed so as to form a single member , and the sheath portion protrudes below the support plate and is embedded in an injection material for fixing the reinforcing material to the hole in the slope. The region having a predetermined length from at least the lower end of the inner peripheral surface of the sheath portion is configured as a non-threaded portion region in which the female thread portion for fastening is not formed. Fixing nut used in the slope stabilization method that is characterized.
  2. The fixing nut according to claim 1, wherein a region located below the support plate in the inner peripheral surface of the sheath portion is configured as a non-screw portion region.   The fixing nut according to claim 1, wherein minute irregularities for increasing friction are formed in a lower portion of the outer peripheral surface of the sheath portion.   An upper cylindrical portion having a pressing surface and extending upward is provided, a sheath portion is integrally formed below the upper cylindrical portion, and a fastening female screw portion is formed on the upper cylindrical portion. Item 4. The fixing nut according to any one of Items 1 to 3.   A nut body is composed of an upper cylindrical portion and a sheath portion, and an upper end of the nut body is opened so that a reinforcing material can be visually recognized, and a cap attached to the nut body is provided so as to close the upper end opening. The fixing nut according to claim 4.   The fixing nut according to claim 5, wherein the cap is detachably screwed to the upper end of the nut body.   An injecting material is injected into a hole formed in the inclined surface to fix the reinforcing material, and the fixing nut according to any one of claims 1 to 6 is screwed to the head of the reinforcing material, A slope stabilization structure characterized in that a sheath part protrudes downward from a bearing plate and is embedded in an injection material.   The fixing nut according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein a step of injecting an injection material into a hole formed in the slope and fixing the reinforcing material, a step of installing a bearing plate on the head of the reinforcing material, A slope stabilization method comprising: screwing onto the head of the reinforcing material and projecting the sheath portion downward from the bearing plate.   A step of attaching a cylindrical spacer to the reinforcing material, a step of curing the injected material in a state where the spacer is embedded in the injected material, and then removing the spacer from the reinforcing material, and forming around the reinforcing material by removing the spacer The slope stabilization method according to claim 8, comprising a step of filling the gap into the filler and a step of screwing a fixing nut into the reinforcing member and inserting a sheath portion of the fixing nut into the gap.   The slope stabilization method according to claim 9, wherein a tapered taper spacer made of a synthetic resin and having a lower outer peripheral surface gradually narrowing downward is used.

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