JP4832395B2 - Combine harvester lifting structure - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a structure for supporting a harvesting part of a self-removing combine, in which a harvesting unit including a pulling device, a harvesting device, and a harvested culm conveying device is connected to a front part of a traveling machine body so as to be movable up and down.

In recent years, the mainstream of the combine is a so-called automatic cutting height control device configured to automatically move the cutting part up and down to follow the field scene, and the ultrasonic sensor measures the height of the cutting part to the ground. , And a means for controlling an electromagnetic control valve that controls the operation of the lifting cylinder based on the detection information is employed (see, for example, Patent Document 1). Further, it has been conventionally known that the ground height detection device is configured as a grounding type that detects a vertical swing displacement of a grounding sensor that follows the grounding with a rotary potentiometer.
JP 2001-275433 A

  A combine equipped with an automatic cutting height control device can perform harvesting and harvesting operations at a stable cutting height, but requires expensive equipment to construct an automatic cutting height control device. In the combine, the cost ratio occupied by the control device is large, and as a whole, the machine is inevitably expensive. For this reason, commercialization of an inexpensive combine that can perform a harvesting operation at a stable cutting height without providing an expensive automatic cutting height control device is desired among small-sized users.

  The present invention has been made paying attention to such a situation, and the harvesting part raising and lowering structure of the combine that can perform harvesting work at a relatively stable cutting height without providing an automatic cutting height control device. The purpose is to provide.

A feature of the first invention is that a mowing unit provided with an elevating device, a mowing device, and a mowing cereal conveyance device is provided without an automatic mowing height control device that automatically moves the mowing unit up and down to follow the field scene. , Connected to the front of the traveling machine body equipped with a driving unit, a threshing device and a grain tank so as to move up and down following the grounding of the field scene ,
In the middle of the mowing part, the hook-like support member on the mowing side provided at the end of the mowing side of the mowing part, the support member on the mowing side of the mowing part provided at the end of the mowing side of the mowing part , The mowing part is received and supported by the field scene in each of the hook-shaped intermediate support members arranged closer to the support member on the non-mowing side than the support member on the mowing side, and the mowing part is Equipped with a grounding body to make the ground follow the undulation in a state of being positioned below each support member ,
The already cutting side of the grounding member provided on the supporting member of the already-cutting side, wider and than the grounding member disposed on the support member of the intermediate and the grounding member which is provided on the supporting member of the non-cutting side, and the support member The overhanging amount from the support member to the already cut side is larger than the overhanging amount from the support member to the uncut side, and the area of the grounding body on the cutting side in plan view It is characterized by being set larger than the area of.

  According to the above configuration, at the time of the harvesting and harvesting operation, the harvesting part can be harvested at a substantially constant cutting height by making the cutting part follow the ground by its own weight. In this case, since the grounding body that supports and grounds the cutting part is attached to the divider support rod provided at the front end of the aircraft, the grounding body can be used even if the aircraft tilts forward or approaches the raised part of the surface. Since the grounding is made near the front end to prevent infiltration into the ground, it is possible to prevent the divider from sticking into the raised portion of the field.

  Here, the divider support rod is detachably connected to the front end of the frame rod, so that the divider support rod can be removed together with the divider when the combine is transported, stored, or the like. The length in front and back of itself is not so large. However, since the grounding body attached to such a divider support rod extends beyond the divider support rod to the lower side of the frame rod, the grounding unit is grounded long in the front and rear directions to reliably support the cutting portion. In addition, since the rear end portion of the grounding body extending to the lower side of the frame rod is received and supported by the frame rod, the ground load acting on the grounding body is reliably received and supported by the frame rod.

  Therefore, according to the first invention, a relatively long grounding body can be provided near the front end of the cutting part, and the cutting part can be brought into contact with the ground by its own weight without being pushed into the ground. Although it does not use a lifting control device, it has become possible to perform harvesting operations at a relatively stable cutting height.

  According to the above configuration, on the most uncut side of the cutting unit, the uncut crops are planted outside the raising device supporting frame 杆, and the crops to be cut are positioned inside, The horizontal width of the grounding body provided here cannot be set too large, but on the most recent cutting side of the cutting part, there is no crop upright on the outside of the raising device supporting frame 杆, and the horizontal width of the grounding body provided here is It is allowed to extend the width to the already cut side.

  Therefore, according to the first aspect of the invention, the cutting portion can be made to follow the ground with a ground contact area that is as large as possible, and stable weight following with less settlement can be realized.

  A feature of the second invention resides in that, in the first invention, urging means for urging the cutting portion in the upward direction to reduce the ground contact load of the cutting portion is provided.

  According to the above configuration, the cutting portion can be made to follow the ground with little settlement even in a soft field.

  Therefore, according to the second aspect of the invention, the cutting portion can be made to follow the ground stably, which is effective in improving the own weight following performance.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 shows an overall side view of a self-removing combine. This combine is connected to a front part of a traveling machine body 2 that travels with a pair of left and right crawler traveling devices 1 so that a cutting part 3 can be swung up and down around a fulcrum P above the rear part, and the right side of the traveling machine body 2 The operation part 4 provided with the driving part is arranged in the first half part, and the threshing device 5 is mounted on the left side of the traveling machine body 2, and the harvested grain is stored in the second right part of the traveling machine body 2. It has a structure in which a grain tank 6 is provided.

  The cutting part 3 in this example is configured to have a two-row cutting specification and cuts a pair of left and right pulling devices 7 that raise the planted culm to a predetermined standing posture, and the root part of the raised culm. The clipper-type mowing device 8, the rotary packer 9 that joins the two chopped cereals to the middle part of the cutting width, the stock side of the joined chopped cereals, sandwiched and conveyed rearward and upward, the threshing The harvested cereal conveyor device 11 and the like which are fed in a sideways posture to the feed chain 10 provided on the left outer surface of the device 5 are connected to the front portion of the traveling machine body 2 so as to be swingable up and down around the fulcrum P. It is configured to be mounted on the trimmed main frame 12 made.

  As shown in FIG. 8 and FIG. 9, the harvesting part main frame 12 is made of pipe material, and its base end part swings up and down around the fulcrum P on a support base 13 erected at the front part of the traveling machine body 2. It is supported so as to be movable and movable left and right along the fulcrum P. The support base 13 is provided with an arch-shaped support arm 15 that is swing-operated around a horizontal fulcrum a by a hydraulic cylinder 14. The mowing part main frame 12 receives and supports the free end of the support arm 15. Has been.

  Further, a screw shaft 17 that is driven forward / reversely by an electric motor 16 with a speed reducer is horizontally supported on the support arm 15, and a movable member 18 that is screw-driven to the left and right by the screw shaft 17 is trimmed. The main part frame 12 is engaged, and the cutting part main frame 12 is repositioned right and left by forward and reverse rotation of the screw shaft 17. In other words, the combine is configured so that the cutting unit 3 can be laterally slid with respect to the traveling machine body 2 to change the position, and during normal harvesting operations where the left side of the machine body is uncut and the harvesting operation is performed, the cutting unit 3 is used. By moving to the left limit of the lateral movement range, the mowing unit 3 is protruded to the uncutting side (left side) with respect to the crawler traveling device 1, and the mud discharged to the uncut side by the passage of the left crawler traveling device 1 It is avoided in advance that the crops are raised by raising the stock of uncut crops, or that the cutting device 8 enters the raised mud in the next cutting process. Further, at the time of the middle splitting operation that cuts through the middle of the field, the cutting unit 3 is moved to the right limit of the lateral movement range, and the cutting unit 3 is positioned within the lateral width of the left and right crawler traveling devices 1, so that the crawler traveling device 1. Cut and run without stepping over the crop.

  The cutting part main frame 12 is also used for a simplified model in which the cutting part 3 does not slide sideways. When used for a model having this specification, as shown in FIG. A structure in which the fulcrum fitting 52 is bolted to the bracket 51 fixed to the cutting part main frame 12 and the screw feeding type telescopic drive mechanism 53 is connected to the fulcrum fitting 52 to drive the cutting part 3 up and down. Is configured. Moreover, in the model of the specification which carries out the horizontal slide of the cutting part 3 as mentioned above, when a fulcrum bracket moves sideways, it will interfere with another apparatus, Therefore As shown in FIG. 14 (A), a fulcrum bracket is not attached to a bracket. Use it in a state.

  A compression coil spring 19 is attached to the hydraulic cylinder 14 that moves up and down the mowing unit 3, and when the mowing unit 3 is lowered to the mowing work height range as shown in FIG. The weight of the cutting part 3 acts on the compression coil spring 19 through the contact member 20 that is externally fitted to the hydraulic coil 14, and the load acting on the hydraulic cylinder 14 is reduced. Further, as shown in FIG. Is raised from the cutting work height range, the contact member 20 is separated from the compression coil spring 19, and the compression coil spring 19 stands by in an initial compression state.

  As shown in FIG. 2, three frame rods 21 made of a round pipe material are connected to the tip of the cutting portion main frame 12 in a fork shape, and left and right at the front of the frame rods 21 at both left and right ends. The lower portion of the pulling device 7 is connected and supported via a stay 22, and the cutting device 8, the rotary packer 9, and the like are supported by these frame rods 21. A divider support rod 23 is detachably inserted and connected to the front end of each frame rod 21.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the divider support rod 23 is made of a round pipe material having a diameter fitted into the frame rod 21, and the divider 24 is mounted on the flattened front end portion 23a so as to be adjustable in height and angle. Yes. The front end of a steel plate grounding body 25 is welded and fixed to the lower part of the divider support rod 23, and a connecting metal fitting 26 is provided to connect the divider support rod 23 and the front and rear intermediate portions of the grounding body 25. The divider support rod 23 is fixed to the frame rod 21 in a predetermined posture by joining the bolt 26 to a connecting metal fitting 27 provided at the front end of the frame rod 21 and bolting and connecting them.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the grounding body 25 has a vertical cross-sectional shape bent into a U shape, and is pressed into a boat shape with the lower surfaces of the front end portion and the rear end portion raised, The rear end of the U-shaped cross section of the body 25 is engaged with the frame rod 21 from below. By doing in this way, the grounding load acting on the long grounding body 25 before and after being extended from the divider support rod 23 to the rear cantilever state is surely supported by the divider support rod 23 and the frame rod 21, and also in the grounding state. It is configured so that it can sufficiently withstand a lateral load acting on the grounding body 25 when the aircraft is steered without any change. In addition, the left grounding body 25 provided on the unsupported-side divider support rod 23 passes between the uncut crop and the crop that is raised and cut, and the center grounding body 25 is raised and cut. Since it passes between the crops, as shown in FIG. 5, the same specification with a narrow width is used, and on the other hand, the right side of the grounding body 25 on the right side is already-cutted ground. As shown in FIG. 7, a wide specification projecting to the right side without crops is used so as to ensure a large ground contact area as a whole.

  FIG. 13 shows a hydraulic circuit for operation in the hydraulic cylinder 14 for raising and lowering the cutting part. The hydraulic cylinder 14 is a single-acting type, and is connected via a slow return valve 32 to a three-position switching type control valve 31 that is switched by an operating lever 30 provided in the operating unit 4. The control valve 31 is a “neutral” position that prevents oil draining from the hydraulic cylinder 14 and can fix the cutting unit 3 at an arbitrary height position. The control valve 31 supplies pressure oil to the hydraulic cylinder 14 to drive the cutting unit 3 upward. The position can be switched between the “up” position and the “down” position where the oil removal from the hydraulic cylinder 14 is allowed and the cutting unit 3 is lowered by its own weight.

  As shown in FIG. 11, the operation lever 30 is supported by a fulcrum bracket 33 so as to be able to swing back and forth around the fulcrum b, and corresponds to the “neutral”, “lift”, and The operation position can be switched to each of the “down” operation positions, and is returned to “neutral” by the torsion spring 34 provided at the lever fulcrum b. The torsion spring 34 has a free pin 34a, 34b at the front and rear thereof, and a fixing pin 35 provided on the fulcrum bracket 33 and an operating pin 36 provided on the operation lever 30 are sandwiched from the front and rear to make the operation lever 30 "neutral". By holding the operating lever 30 from “neutral” to “up” or “down”, one of the free ends 34a, 34b of the torsion spring 34 is fixed as a fixed end supported by a fixing pin 35. In addition to functioning, the other functions as a movable end that is pressed and moved by the operating pin 36, and provides a neutral return biasing force in any of the front and rear directions with a single spring.

  Further, in front of the “down” position of the operation lever 30, a “ground cutting” position is set in which the control valve 31 continues to be switched to the “down” state, and the operation lever 30 is engaged at this operation position. A lever lock mechanism 37 for stopping and holding is provided.

  As shown in FIG. 12, the lever lock mechanism 37 is provided with a fan-shaped lock plate 38 fixed to the base of the operation lever 30, and can be swung back and forth around the fulcrum c, and on the outer periphery of the lock plate by a spring 39. The lock arm 40 is oscillated and biased toward the lock arm 40, and the lock pin 41 provided on the lock arm 40 is engaged with the protrusion 42 provided on the outer periphery of the lock plate 38 so as to provide a lock function. It has become. That is, the lock pin 41 acts on the arc-shaped outer periphery of the lock plate 38 in the up / down operation range from the “up” position to the “down” position, and the operation lever 30 is operated by the neutral return machine by the torsion spring 34. Will return to neutrality. When the operating lever 30 is moved beyond the “down” position to the “ground cutting” position, as shown in FIG. 12 (a), the protrusion 42 on the outer periphery of the lock plate climbs over the lock pin 41 and twists. The return biasing force by the spring 34 prevents the lock plate 38 from swinging to the neutral side beyond the lock pin 41, and the operation lever 30 is held in the “ground cutting” position.

  Since the state in which the operation lever 30 is held at the “ground cutting” position is in a freely moving up and down state, the cutting unit 3 can be lowered by its own weight to the mechanical lower limit, but as described above, the cutting unit 3 includes the grounding body. 25, and the hydraulic cylinder 14 is equipped with a compression coil spring 19 for reducing the load. Therefore, the cutting unit 3 is lowered until the grounding body 25 is grounded with a ground pressure balanced with its own weight and spring biasing force. Thereafter, the cutting unit 3 moves up and down following ground contact with the ups and downs of the farm scene. Thereby, the ground height of the cutting unit 3 is maintained substantially constant without performing special lifting control, and cutting harvesting at a stable cutting height can be performed. Further, the function of preventing the divider 24 from entering the raised portion of the field is also exhibited.

Combine side view Top view of the cutting part Exploded side view of divider attachment Side view of divider attachment Longitudinal side view (b) and plan view (b) of unground and center grounding bodies Aa sectional view (a) and bb sectional view (b) in FIG. Longitudinal side view (b) and plan view (b) of grounded body on the already-cutted side Side view of the lifting part lifting structure Top view of the lifting part lifting structure Side view (a) in the lowered state and side view in the raised state (b) Side view of the operating lever for raising and lowering the cutting part Side view showing each operation state of the operating lever for raising and lowering the cutting part Hydraulic circuit diagram for raising and lowering the cutting part Side view of the main frame at the cutting part

3 mowing parts
4 Driving Department
5 Threshing device
6 Grain tank 7 Pull-up device 8 Harvesting device 11 Harvested grain trough conveying device 21 Frame trough (supporting member)
25 Grounding body

Claims (2)

Without a cutting height automatic control device that automatically moves the cutting portion up and down to follow the field scene, the cutting portion including the pulling device, the cutting device and the cutting grain feeder is used as the driving unit, the threshing device, and the grain. Connected to the front part of the traveling aircraft equipped with a grain tank so as to move up and down following the undulation of the farm scene ,
In the middle of the mowing part, the hook-like support member on the mowing side provided at the end of the mowing side of the mowing part, the support member on the mowing side of the mowing part provided at the end of the mowing side of the mowing part , The mowing part is received and supported by the field scene in each of the hook-shaped intermediate support members arranged closer to the support member on the non-mowing side than the support member on the mowing side, and the mowing part is Equipped with a grounding body to make the ground follow the undulation in a state of being positioned below each support member ,
The already cutting side of the grounding member provided on the supporting member of the already-cutting side, wider and than the grounding member disposed on the support member of the intermediate and the grounding member which is provided on the supporting member of the non-cutting side, and the support member The overhanging amount from the support member to the already cut side is larger than the overhanging amount from the support member to the uncut side, and the area of the grounding body on the cutting side in plan view The harvesting part raising / lowering structure of the combine which is set to be larger than the area of   The combine mowing part raising / lowering structure according to claim 1, further comprising urging means for urging the mowing part in an upward direction to reduce a ground load of the mowing part.

Images