JP4829097B2 - Electromagnetic actuator - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to an electromagnetic actuator for operating force necessary for opening and closing operation of the switch is obtained.

  Conventional switches using this type of electromagnetic actuator excite the solenoid coil to perform opening and closing operations. When the closing is completed, the solenoid coil is de-energized and the closed state is maintained by the holding force of the permanent magnet. It has come to be. For this reason, if the control circuit loses power due to a power failure or the like, the solenoid coil cannot be excited to reduce the holding force of the permanent magnet, and the open circuit operation cannot be performed.

As a countermeasure, when a power supply is lost, a portable operating power supply is connected to the control circuit to excite the solenoid coil, generating a magnetic flux that overcomes the holding force of the permanent magnet, and forcing the opening operation. It has been. In addition, after generating the magnetic flux which overcomes the holding force of the permanent magnet, the circuit is moved to the open position by the open spring, and the open state is held by the spring force (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
JP 2006-86092 A (Pages 4-5, FIG. 1)

The above conventional electromagnetic actuator has the following problems.
In order to generate a magnetic flux that overcomes the holding force of the permanent magnet, the power supply capacity of the operation power supply must be increased. In general, a capacitor is used as a power supply, and the capacitor has been increased in size and weight.

  Since such an operation power supply device is an emergency when the power supply is lost, it is stored in a predetermined place and is transported to the installation location of the electromagnetic actuator when used. For this reason, a small-capacity and lightweight operation power supply device has been desired. Here, rather than improving the performance of the operation power supply device and reducing the weight, etc., the holding force of the permanent magnet is adjusted so that the opening operation can be easily performed when the power supply is lost. .

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide an electromagnetic actuator capable of adjusting a holding force of a permanent magnet at the time of closing and easily performing an opening operation.

  In order to achieve the above object, an electromagnetic actuator of the present invention includes a yoke for forming a magnetic path, an armature that moves movably in the yoke, a permanent magnet that moves and holds the armature closed, A solenoid coil for increasing or decreasing the magnetic flux in the yoke, and a non-magnetic operating rod fixed to the armature and connected to the switch, the armature being connected to the cylindrical portion and the cylindrical portion A yoke projecting radially, wherein the yoke includes a first yoke that contacts and separates from the cylindrical portion when the switch is opened and closed, and a second yoke connected to the first yoke; A third yoke that is connected to the second yoke and fixes the permanent magnet, and is fixed to the permanent magnet, and the flange portion is opened and closed when the switch is opened and closed. And a magnetic circuit branch yoke provided on the inner side of the second yoke so that a gap length with the flange portion is shortened when the switch is closed. .

  According to the present invention, when the switch is in a closed state, the magnetic circuit by the permanent magnet is formed so as to form a circuit for holding the closed circuit and a circuit that is not related, so that the holding force at the time of closing can be adjusted and controlled. And the operating force of the opening operation can be reduced.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

  First, an electromagnetic actuator according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a configuration of a switch using an electromagnetic actuator according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a magnetic circuit of the electromagnetic actuator according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. 3 is an explanatory diagram for mechanically opening the electromagnetic actuator according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the switch includes a blocking part 1a that cuts off current from the upper part of the figure, a wipe spring part 1b that applies a contact load when the breaking part 1a is closed, and an operation mechanism part 1c that opens and closes the blocking part 1a in the lower part of the figure. Is arranged and configured. In FIG. 1, the closed state is shown on the right side of the figure, and the open state is shown on the left side of the figure.

  The blocking portion 1a is provided with a three-phase vacuum valve 5 having a pair of electrodes 3 and 4 that can be contacted and separated in a vacuum insulating container 2. On the fixed side outside the vacuum insulating container 2, an upper conductor 6 serving as one electric circuit is fixed to an upper fixing member 8 via a support insulator 7. Further, on the movable side outside the vacuum insulating container 2, a movable-side energizing shaft 9 movable in the axial direction is provided in sliding contact with the lower conductor 10 serving as the other electric circuit. One end of the insulating operation rod 11 is connected in the axial direction of the movable energizing shaft 9.

  The wipe spring portion 1b has a wipe spring that connects the first movable shaft 12 connected to the other end of the insulating rod 11 and the second movable shaft 13 disposed in the axial direction of the first movable shaft 12. A folder 14 is provided. In the wipe spring folder 14, a wipe spring 15 that applies a contact load between the pair of electrodes 3 and 4 and a buffer member 16 that absorbs an impact force during opening and closing are provided.

  The operation mechanism unit 1c is provided with a rigid connecting beam 17 that connects the second movable shafts 13 for three phases, and an electromagnetic actuator 18. The electromagnetic actuator 18 includes a yoke 19 for forming a magnetic path, a magnetic armature 20 provided to move in the yoke 19, a permanent magnet 21 for moving or holding the armature 20 closed, and a magnetic flux in the yoke 19. Non-magnetic connected to the connecting beam 17 through the yoke 19 through the armature 20 and the armature 20 sandwiching the solenoid coil to be increased or decreased, the open coils 22 and 23, the projecting yoke 24 projecting toward the permanent magnet 21 side, and the armature 20. It is composed of a body operating rod 25. The protruding yoke 24 becomes a part of the yoke 19 as will be described later.

  Further, on both sides of the electromagnetic actuator 18, an open spring 26 of an elastic member that is always urged in a direction to separate the armature 20 from the permanent magnet 21 is provided between the connecting beam 17 and the lower fixing member 27.

  When the closed circuit is set, a control circuit (not shown) to which power is always supplied is operated to excite the closed coil 22 that generates a magnetic flux in the same direction as the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 21 to make the armature 20 permanent. The magnet 21 is attracted in the direction. This suction force becomes an operation force at the time of closing, and the operating rod 25, the connecting beam 17, the wipe spring folder 14, and the insulating operating rod 11 are moved together with the armature 20 in the closing direction in the upper part of the figure, and between the electrodes 3 and 4 are moved. Make contact. After the closing, the closing coil 22 is de-energized and the armature 20 is always attracted by the attractive force of the permanent magnet 21.

  On the other hand, in the case of the open circuit state, a control circuit (not shown) to which power is constantly supplied is operated to excite the open coil 23 that generates a magnetic flux in a direction opposite to the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 21, thereby The attraction force with the magnet 21 is reduced. Accordingly, in the suction state, the operating force of the open spring 26 is moved to move the operating rod 25 together with the armature 20 in the open direction in the lower part of the figure. Further, the open spring 26 moves between the electrodes 3 and 4 to the final position.

  Next, a magnetic circuit formed by the permanent magnet 21 in the closed state will be described with reference to FIG. Details of the armature 20 and the yoke 19 will be described.

  The armature 20 includes a cylindrical portion 20a and a flange portion 20b that is connected to the cylindrical portion 20a and protrudes in the radial direction. The yoke 19 is provided on the outer periphery of the operating rod 25 so as to surround the first yoke 19a and the armature 20 with which the armature 20 contacts and separates when opening and closing, and has an L-shaped cross section connected to the first yoke 19a. The cylindrical second yoke 19b is provided so as to protrude from the inner surface of the second yoke 19b toward the cylindrical portion 20a. The third yoke 19c for fixing the permanent magnet 21 is fixed to the permanent magnet 21, and is opened and closed. It is connected to the fourth yoke 19d and the second yoke 19b that sometimes contact and separate the flange 20b, and is provided at a position facing the flange 20b of the armature 20 when the circuit is closed to shorten the gap length with the flange 20b. The annular protruding yoke 24 is formed.

  Then, the holding force F <b> 1 at the time of closing is generated by the first magnetic circuit m <b> 1 formed by the permanent magnet 21. That is, the first magnetic circuit m1 is formed through the first yoke 19a → the second yoke 19b → the third yoke 19c → the permanent magnet 21 → the fourth yoke 19d → the flange portion 20b → the cylindrical portion 20a. . At the same time, a second magnetic circuit m2 passing through the permanent magnet 21 → the third yoke 19c → the second yoke 19b → the protruding yoke 24 → the flange portion 20b → the fourth yoke 19d is formed. However, the magnetic force F2 of the second magnetic circuit m2 does not maintain the closed state.

  Here, assuming that the spring force of the open spring 26 serving as a load force is F3, the relationship of holding force F1> spring force F3, holding force F1> magnetic force F2, and the relationship of holding force F1-magnetic force F2> spring force F3. . That is, the magnetic circuit by the permanent magnet 21 includes two circuits, a first magnetic circuit m1 that generates the holding force F1 related to the closed circuit holding and a second magnetic circuit m2 that is not related to the closed circuit holding. The closed circuit is held by the magnetic circuit m1.

  The protruding yoke 24 branches the magnetic circuit by the permanent magnet 21 and forms the second magnetic circuit m2 in addition to the first magnetic circuit m1, and is defined as a magnetic circuit branch yoke.

  For this reason, when the open circuit coil 23 is excited by using an operation power supply device (not shown) when the power supply of the control circuit is lost and electrically opened, the holding force in the closed state is the holding force F1−the magnetic force F2, so that it is small. The power capacity is enough. If a magnetic force that exceeds the holding force F1-the magnetic force F2 is generated, the flange portion 20b and the fourth yoke 19d are separated from each other, and thereafter, the circuit can be opened by the spring force F3 of the open spring 26. Moreover, the open coil 23 can be reduced in size with a small capacity. The magnetic force F2 generated by the second magnetic circuit m2 can be easily controlled by adjusting the gap length between the protruding yoke 24 and the flange portion 20b.

  Next, the case where it opens mechanically is demonstrated with reference to FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 3, a pin 28 fixed to the operation rod 25 is provided, and an opening operation rod 30 provided with a pin 29 that rotates at the end is operated in the clockwise direction as shown in the arrow, so that it is easy with a small operation force. Can be opened. The pin 29 is fixed to a fixing member of a switch (not shown).

  According to the electromagnetic actuator of the first embodiment, when the switch is closed, the first magnetic circuit m1 that generates the holding force F1 related to the closed circuit holding and the second magnetic circuit that generates the magnetic force F2 that is not related to the closed circuit holding. Since the circuit m2 is formed, the closed-circuit holding force is reduced to the holding force F1−the magnetic force F2, and the operation force when the circuit is forcibly opened electrically or mechanically can be reduced.

  Next, an electromagnetic actuator according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing the configuration of the electromagnetic actuator according to the second embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 5 is a top view showing the moving yoke of the electromagnetic actuator according to the second embodiment of the present invention. The second embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that a moving yoke is provided. In each figure, the same components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.

  As shown in FIG. 4, inside the second yoke 19b, there is provided a moving yoke 31 that faces the flange portion 20b of the armature 20 and is movable in the inner diameter direction when the switch is in a closed state. . An operation rod 32 connected to an operation device (not shown) is fixed to the moving yoke 31. As shown in FIG. 5, the moving yoke 31 is divided into a plurality of circumferential directions, and is moved from the position indicated by the solid line to the position indicated by the dotted line when moving. That is, it moves so that the gap length with the collar part 20b becomes short. The moving yoke 31 is a part of the yoke 19 as described later.

  Next, the opening operation from the closed state will be described.

  The holding force F <b> 1 in the closed state is formed by the first magnetic circuit m <b> 1 using the permanent magnet 21 as in the first embodiment. When the circuit is opened, the operating rod 32 is operated to move the moving yoke 31 in the inner diameter direction, and the permanent magnet 21 → the third yoke 19c → the second yoke 19b → the moving yoke 31 → the flange 20b → the second. The third magnetic circuit m3 passing through the four yokes 19d is formed. In the third magnetic circuit m3, the magnetic force F4 is generated, but the closed state is not maintained.

  The moving yoke 31 branches the magnetic circuit by the permanent magnet 21 to form the third magnetic circuit m3 in addition to the first magnetic circuit m1, and the magnetic circuit branch is the same as in the first embodiment. It is defined as a yoke.

  Here, assuming that the spring force of the open spring 26 serving as a load force is F3, there is a relationship of holding force F1> spring force F3, holding force F1> magnetic force F4, and holding force F1-magnetic force F4> spring force F3. It has become. This can be controlled by adjusting the gap length between the moving yoke 31 and the flange portion 20b. When the holding force F1, the spring force F3, and the magnetic force F4 are in such a relationship, the circuit can be opened electrically and mechanically as in the first embodiment.

  Furthermore, the gap length between the moving yoke 31 and the flange 20b can be further shortened, and the magnetic force F4 can be increased. And it is set as holding force F1-magnetic force F4 <spring force F3. With such a relationship, the spring force F3 can be won and opened by moving the moving yoke 31 in the inner diameter direction.

  According to the electromagnetic actuator of the second embodiment, in addition to the same effect as that of the first embodiment, the opening operation can be performed only by moving the moving yoke 31.

Sectional drawing which shows the structure of the switch using the electromagnetic actuator which concerns on Example 1 of this invention. Sectional drawing explaining the magnetic circuit of the electromagnetic actuator which concerns on Example 1 of this invention. Explanatory drawing which carries out mechanical opening operation of the electromagnetic actuator which concerns on Example 1 of this invention. Sectional drawing which shows the structure of the electromagnetic actuator which concerns on Example 2 of this invention. The top view which shows the movement yoke of the electromagnetic actuator which concerns on Example 2 of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1a Blocking part 1b Wipe spring part 1c Operation mechanism part 2 Vacuum insulation container 3, 4 Electrode 5 Vacuum valve 6 Upper conductor 7 Support insulator 8 Upper fixing member 9 Movable side energizing shaft 10 Lower conductor 11 Insulating operation rod 12 First movable shaft 13 The second movable shaft 14 The wipe spring 15 The wipe spring 16 The impact member 17 The connecting beam 18 The electromagnetic actuator 19 The yoke 19a The first yoke 19b The second yoke 19c The third yoke 19d The fourth yoke 20 The armature 20a The cylindrical portion 20b The flange portion 21 Permanent magnet 22 Closing coil 23 Opening coil 24 Projecting yoke 25, 32 Operation rod 26 Opening spring 27 Lower fixing member 28, 29 Pin 30 Opening operation rod 31 Moving yoke

Claims (5)

A yoke for forming a magnetic path;
An armature movably moving in the yoke;
A permanent magnet for moving and closing the armature;
A solenoid coil for increasing or decreasing the magnetic flux in the yoke;
A non-magnetic operating rod fixed to the armature and connected to a switch;
The armature includes a cylindrical portion,
Consisting of a cylindrical portion and a flange protruding radially,
The yoke includes a first yoke that contacts and separates from the cylindrical portion when the switch is opened and closed;
A second yoke connected to the first yoke;
A third yoke connected to the second yoke and fixing the permanent magnet;
A fourth yoke fixed to the permanent magnet and contacting and separating from the flange when the switch is opened and closed;
An electromagnetic actuator comprising: a magnetic circuit branch yoke provided inside the second yoke so that a gap length with the flange portion is shortened when the switch is closed. A first magnetic circuit passing through the permanent magnet, the armature, and the first to fourth yokes when the switch is closed;
2. The electromagnetic actuator according to claim 1, wherein the permanent magnet, the flange, the second to fourth yokes, and a second magnetic circuit passing through the magnetic circuit branch yoke are formed.   The electromagnetic actuator according to claim 1, wherein a pin is fixed to the operation rod, and the pin is moved in an opening direction by an opening operation rod.   The electromagnetic actuator according to claim 1, wherein the magnetic circuit branch yoke is movable in an inner diameter direction.   The electromagnetic actuator according to claim 4, wherein the magnetic circuit branch yoke is divided into a plurality of circumferential directions.

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