JP4826457B2 - Electroacoustic transducer and ear speaker device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an electroacoustic transducer and an ear speaker device, and is suitable for application to, for example, a head-mounted wearable speaker device.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in a headphone device which is an example of a head-mounted wearable speaker device, an electric signal representing a playback sound of a CD (Compact Disc) or the like is attached to a listener's head (hereinafter, this is played back). It is widely used that it is made to listen to the listener.

  In a general headphone device, a speaker unit that generates sound is positioned near the front of the listener's ear canal entrance, and the sound quality can be improved by directly reaching the eardrum from the speaker unit. However, the sound image was localized in the listener's head, giving the listener an unnatural impression.

For this reason, in some headphone devices, the speaker unit is slightly separated from the ear canal entrance (ear hole) and positioned on the forehead side, so that the sound image is out of the head as in the case of using a general stationary speaker. There has been devised a device designed to make it possible to listen to sufficient bass by positioning it to wipe away the unnatural feeling and forming a sealed space around the listener's ears (for example, Patent Document 1). reference).
Japanese Patent No. 3054295 (page 3, Fig. 1)

  By the way, although there is a desire to give the listener a sense of openness by making it an open type while maintaining good sound quality including sufficient bass for such a headphone device, the speaker unit is separated from the ear hole. For this reason, there is a problem in that simply by making the sealed type an open type, the low sound range is insufficient and the sound quality is deteriorated, and it is not possible to meet such a demand.

  The present invention has been made in consideration of the above points, and intends to propose an electroacoustic transducer and an ear speaker device that can give a natural sound image localization and allow a listener to listen to high-quality reproduced sound including sufficient bass. Is.

In order to solve such a problem, in the electroacoustic transducer of the present invention, a housing part having a space inside mounted at a predetermined position with respect to the head of the listener, and a housing part attached to one surface of the housing part, when mounted on the head of the listener, a speaker unit in which a predetermined distance is provided between the ear canal entrance of the listener, in a substantially U-shaped again back to Rutotomoni casing is extended toward the ear canal entrance of the listener A hole for sound emission is provided at a position near the ear canal entrance of the listener, and a tubular duct that emits sound generated inside the housing from a position closer to the ear canal entrance than the speaker unit is provided. I made it.

Thus, the middle and high sounds radiated from the speaker unit provided with a predetermined distance from the entrance to the ear canal can reach the inside of the ear canal, and through the substantially U-shaped tubular duct corresponding to two ducts. bass radiating from a position close to the ear canal entrance of the listener can also Rukoto to reach sufficiently and efficiently ear canal, and the position of the hole for the sound without damaging when brought into contact with the ear canal entrance of the listener the can listen to stabilize it can Runode, the listener by combining the bass enhanced treble and sound pressure level among capable of localizing a sound image outside the head of the listener.

Further, in the ear speaker device of the present invention, a housing part having a space inside is mounted at a predetermined position with respect to the listener's head and attached to one surface of the housing part, and the housing part is attached to the listener's head. when it is a predetermined distance and the speaker unit is provided, it is formed in a substantially U-shape again back to Rutotomoni casing is extended toward the ear canal entrance of the listener, the ear canal of the listener between the ear canal entrance of the listener An electroacoustic transducer having a hole for sound emission at a position close to the entrance and having a tubular duct for emitting sound generated inside the housing from a position closer to the ear canal entrance than the speaker unit, and a speaker A mounting portion for mounting the electroacoustic transducer on the listener's head is provided so that a predetermined distance is provided between the unit and the ear canal entrance of the listener.

Thus, the middle and high sounds radiated from the speaker unit provided with a predetermined distance from the entrance to the ear canal can reach the inside of the ear canal, and through the substantially U-shaped tubular duct corresponding to two ducts. bass radiating from a position close to the ear canal entrance of the listener can also Rukoto to reach sufficiently and efficiently ear canal, and the position of the hole for the sound without damaging when brought into contact with the ear canal entrance of the listener the can listen to stabilize it can Runode, the listener by combining the bass enhanced treble and sound pressure level among capable of localizing a sound image outside the head of the listener.

According to the present invention, a medium-high sound radiated from a speaker unit provided with a predetermined distance between the entrance to the ear canal can reach the inside of the ear canal, and a substantially U-shaped tubular duct corresponding to two ducts. bass radiating from a position close to the ear canal entrance of the listener through can also Rukoto to reach sufficiently and efficiently ear canal, also holes for sound without damaging when brought into contact with the ear canal entrance of the listener part position can be stabilized Runode, you can listen to the listener by combining the bass enhanced treble and sound pressure level among capable of localizing a sound image outside the head of the listener. Thus, the present invention can realize an electroacoustic transducer and an ear speaker device that can give a natural sound image localization and allow a listener to listen to high-quality reproduced sound including sufficient bass.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

(1) Configuration of the Ear Speaker Device According to the First Embodiment In FIGS. 1, 2 and 3, the ear speaker device 1 is a portable CD (Compact Disc) player or DMP (Digital Music Player) playback process as a whole. The electric signal generated by the above is converted into sound and listened to by a listener.

  The ear speaker device 1 is premised on being attached to the listener's head like a headphone device, unlike a general box speaker device. Electroacoustic conversion units 2L and 2R for converting the sound into a sound) and a band unit 3 for mounting and fixing the electroacoustic conversion units 2L and 2R on the head of the listener.

  The electroacoustic transducers 2L and 2R are configured around casings 4L and 4R that are shaped like a sphere divided into four equal parts in the vertical direction. The casing portions 4L and 4R are respectively formed with flat portions on the rear surface side and the left and right inner sides, and pad portions 5L and 5R for relieving the lateral pressure on the listener's head are attached to the left and right inner sides.

  Speaker units 7L and 7R that convert electrical signals into sound are attached to baffle plates 4AL and 4AR, which are planar portions on the rear surface side of the housing portions 4L and 4R. The speaker units 7L and 7R are configured to emit sound by vibrating the diaphragm in accordance with an electrical signal supplied via a connection cable 6 from a portable CD player, DMP, or the like.

  Further, tubular ducts 8L and 8R in which hollow members having a predetermined thickness are bent into a substantially U-shaped side surface are attached to the baffle plates 4AL and 4AR of the housing portions 4L and 4R. As shown in FIG. 1, the tubular ducts 8L and 8R are each bent at the rear end side in the left-right inner direction, and are further provided with holes 8AL and 8AR, respectively, at substantially the center of the rear end portion.

  The band portion 3 is formed in an approximately arch shape convex upward in accordance with the shape of a general human head centering on the central portion 3A, and slides freely in relation to the central portion 3A. The overall length of the band unit 3 can be adjusted by the adjustment units 3BL and 3BR to be obtained.

  The band portion 3 is formed in an arch shape having a diameter smaller than that of a general human head and has an elastic force. When the band portion 3 is attached to a listener, the case portions 4L and 4R are left and right. When mounted while being spread, the casings 4L and 4R can be held in contact with the listener's head in order to return to the original shape by the action of the elastic force after mounting. it can.

  In addition, since the ear speaker device 1 is configured substantially symmetrically as shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the following description will mainly focus on the left electroacoustic conversion unit 2 </ b> L as an example.

  In practice, as shown in the left side view of FIG. 4, the ear speaker device 1 is attached to the listener's head 100 after the length of the band portion 3 is adjusted, so that the adjusting portions 3BL and 3BR are adjusted. The electroacoustic transducer 2L attached to the lower end side is positioned slightly in front of the auricle 101L in the listener's head.

  As a result, the electroacoustic conversion unit 2L of the ear speaker device 1 causes the mid-high sound radiated from the speaker unit 7L to directly reach the inside of the ear canal of the listener, and also the reflected sound reflected by the listener's cheek, the auricle 101L, and the like. Since it can reach the inside of the external auditory canal, it is possible to give a natural sound image localization similar to the case of listening through a general stationary speaker.

  At this time, when the ear speaker device 1 is normally attached to the listener, the speaker unit 7L is located slightly in front of the auricle 101L and the ear canal entrance 102L, and the hole 8AL of the tubular duct 8L is located in the vicinity of the ear canal entrance 102L. It is made to do.

  Incidentally, since the tubular duct 8L is formed in a substantially U-shaped side surface, the tubular duct 8L is prevented from entering the ear canal of the listener. As a result, the ear speaker device 1 can prevent the listener from accidentally damaging the ear canal by the tubular duct 8L when the listener is worn.

  Here, as shown in FIG. 5 in the Q1-Q2 cross-sectional view in FIG. 4, the casing 4L forms a sealed space except for the tubular duct 8L with the speaker unit 7L attached, and the speaker unit 7L. On the other hand, a resonance circuit is formed by the housing portion 4L and the tubular duct 8L.

  Further, the tubular duct 8L penetrates the baffle plate 4AL of the housing portion 4L from the inside of the housing portion 4L and reaches the vicinity of the listener's ear canal entrance 102L. In practice, the electroacoustic transducer 2L operates as a bass-reflex speaker as a whole by causing the tubular duct 8L to act as a bass-reflex duct.

  By the way, in a general bass reflex type speaker, the duct is provided only inside the casing and is not extended to the outside. Therefore, for comparison with the electroacoustic transducer 2L, an electroacoustic transducer 12L as shown in FIG. 6 corresponding to FIG. 5 is assumed. The electroacoustic conversion unit 12L is configured in the same manner as a general bass reflex type speaker, and instead of the tubular duct 8L in the electroacoustic conversion unit 2L, only two tubular ducts 18L and 19L are provided only inside the housing unit 4. have.

  In the case of this electroacoustic conversion unit 12L, medium and high sounds radiated from the speaker unit 7L when the position of the speaker unit 7L is regarded as a virtual sound source position (hereinafter referred to as a virtual sound source position) PM. Is radiated from the holes 18AL and 19AL through the tubular ducts 18L and 19L when the path length EM until the listener reaches the eardrum 103L of the listener and the holes 18AL and 19AL are regarded as the virtual sound source position PL2. When the path length EL2 until the bass reaches the eardrum 103L of the listener is compared, the path length EM≈path length EL2.

  Here, the frequency characteristics of the sound that reaches the eardrum 103L by the electroacoustic transducer 12L are shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 7, the general bass-reflex type electroacoustic transducer 12L includes medium and high sounds radiated from the speaker unit 7L and having a frequency characteristic as shown by the characteristic curve SM, and inside and 19L of the tubular duct 18L. The low-frequency sound having a frequency characteristic as shown in the characteristic curve SL2 radiated from the holes 18AL and 19AL through the inside is combined to reach the eardrum 103L of the listener.

  As a result, the electroacoustic conversion unit 12L causes the listener to listen to the reproduced sound in which the sound pressure level in the low frequency range of the characteristic curve SM is increased to some extent, as indicated by the characteristic curve SG2 obtained by synthesizing the characteristic curve SM and the characteristic curve SL2. be able to.

  On the other hand, in the electroacoustic transducer 2L (FIG. 5) according to the present invention, when the speaker unit 7L is regarded as the virtual sound source position PM, the middle and high sounds emitted from the speaker unit 7L reach the eardrum 103L of the listener. The path length EM and the path length EL1 until the bass radiated from the hole 8AL through the tubular duct 8L reaches the listener's eardrum 103L when the hole 8AL is regarded as the virtual sound source position PL1. In comparison, path length EM> path length EL1.

  Here, the frequency characteristics of the sound that reaches the eardrum 103L by the electroacoustic transducer 2L are shown in FIG. Since the electroacoustic conversion unit 2L is a kind of bass reflex type speaker as described above, the medium and high sound having the frequency characteristic shown in the characteristic curve SM radiated from the speaker unit 7L is the same as the case shown in FIG. Then, the low frequency sound having the frequency characteristic shown in the characteristic curve SL1 radiated from the hole 8AL through the tubular duct 8L is combined to reach the eardrum 103L of the listener.

  By the way, in general, the distance from the sound source and the sound pressure level are in an inversely proportional relationship. Here, when the path lengths of the electroacoustic conversion unit 2L (FIG. 5) and the electroacoustic conversion unit 12L (FIG. 6) are compared, the relationship of path length EL1 <path length EL2 is established. That is, in the electroacoustic transducer 2L (FIG. 5), the virtual sound source position PL1 is located closer to the listener's ear canal entrance 102L than the virtual sound source position PL2 of the electroacoustic transducer 12L (FIG. 6). Can be caused to reach the eardrum 103L at a higher sound pressure level than in the case of the electroacoustic transducer 12L.

  That is, as shown in FIG. 9, the characteristic curve SL1 of the bass due to the tubular duct 8L is compared with the characteristic curve SL2 of the bass due to the tubular ducts 18L and 19L due to the relationship of path length EL1 <path length EL2. Increases overall sound pressure level.

  As a result, in the electroacoustic transducer 2L according to the present invention, as shown in the characteristic curve SG1 obtained by synthesizing the characteristic curve SM and the characteristic curve SL1, the sound pressure level in the low frequency range in the characteristic curve SM is the electroacoustic transducer 12L. It is possible to make the listener listen to the reproduced sound with a sufficient sound pressure level up to a relatively low frequency band, which is higher than (characteristic curve SG2).

Here, when the characteristic curve SG1 is compared with the characteristic curve SG2, the sound pressure level in the characteristic curve SG2 decreases relatively steeply as it goes to the low frequency range, whereas in the characteristic curve SG1, the low frequency range side. It can be seen that the degree of decrease in the sound pressure level becomes milder as the process proceeds.

  That is, the electroacoustic conversion unit 2L transmits a good reproduction sound having a high sound pressure level over a wide frequency band, that is, including a sufficient low frequency range, to the listener's eardrum 103 as compared with the electroacoustic conversion unit 12L. Can be heard.

  In this case, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the electroacoustic transducer 2L has the rear end side of the tubular duct 8L positioned in the vicinity of the listener's ear canal entrance 102L, and the ear canal entrance 102L is completely closed. Do not block. For this reason, the electroacoustic conversion unit 2L adds the sound generated around the listener (hereinafter referred to as the surrounding sound) in addition to the reproduced sound that is a combination of the medium and high sounds output from the speaker unit 7L and the bass emitted from the hole 8AL of the tubular duct 8L. It is possible to reach and listen to the eardrum 103L of the listener without blocking the sound).

  Incidentally, in the electroacoustic transducer 2L, the inner volume of the housing 4L is 10 [ml], the outer diameter of the speaker unit 7L is 21 [mm], and the effective vibration radius of the diaphragm of the speaker unit 7L is 8.5 [mm]. ], The equivalent mass of the vibration system is 0.2 [g], the lowest resonance frequency f0 is 360 [Hz], and the resonance Q0 is 1.0.

  The tubular duct 8L has an inner diameter of 1.8 [mm], an effective length of 50 [mm] from the inner end 8BL located in the casing 4L of the tubular duct 8L to the hole 8AL, and the surface of the baffle plate 4AL. The distance from the hole 8AL to the hole 8AL is about 35 [mm]. Here, since the tubular duct 8L is formed in a U-shape on the side surface and the hole 8AL is provided in the center of the rear end portion, it substantially constitutes two bass reflex ducts having an upper half and a lower half. The inner diameter and the effective length of the tubular duct 8L are determined after taking into consideration the inner diameter (corresponding to about 2.5 [mm] in this case) when the tubular duct 8L is converted into one tubular duct.

  With respect to the electroacoustic transducer 2L and the electroacoustic transducer 12L, actual frequency characteristics were measured using a measurement jig simulating a human pinna and an external auditory canal. As a result, a characteristic curve SG11 (electricity curve SG11 (electricity) shown in FIG. In the case of the acoustic conversion unit 2L) and the characteristic curve SG12 (in the case of the electroacoustic conversion unit 12L) were obtained.

  In FIG. 10, the characteristic curve SG11 of the electroacoustic conversion unit 2L is more than the characteristic curve SG12 of the electroacoustic conversion unit 12L in the low frequency range of about 500 [Hz] or less, like the theoretical frequency characteristic shown in FIG. The sound pressure level is high. That is, it has been shown that the electroacoustic conversion unit 2L can actually allow the listener to listen to a good reproduced sound including a sufficiently low sound.

  Thus, when the ear speaker device 1 is attached to the listener's head 100, the speaker unit 7L is positioned at a position slightly away from the listener's external auditory canal entrance 102L to emit medium and high-pitched sounds, and the housing unit By radiating the bass of the reproduced sound from the hole 8AL of the tubular duct 8L that extends from 4L to the vicinity of the ear canal entrance 102L and acts as a bass reflex duct, natural sound image localization is provided and a good reproduced sound including sufficient bass is produced. The listener can listen.

(2) Configuration of Ear Speaker Device Having Ducts with Other Shapes (2-1) Second Embodiment By the way, the ear speaker device 1 according to the present invention has a listener head as shown in FIGS. When mounted on 100, the tubular ducts 8L and 8R are extended to the immediate vicinity of the external auditory canal entrances 102L and 102R (not shown), respectively, but instead of the tubular ducts 8L and 8R, ducts having various other shapes are provided. You may make it have.

  For example, as shown in FIGS. 11, 12, and 13 corresponding to FIGS. 1, 4, and 5, the ear speaker device 20 corresponding to the ear speaker device 1 is replaced with an electroacoustic transducer 2 </ b> L and 2 </ b> R. Conversion units 22L and 22R are included.

  The electroacoustic transducers 22L and 22R have tubular ducts 28L and 28R instead of the tubular ducts 8L and 8R. Although the tubular ducts 28L and 28R are formed in a shape in which a hollow member is bent into a substantially U-shaped side surface like the tubular ducts 8L and 8R, the length of the portion protruding from the baffle plates 4AL and 4AR is long. Are formed so as to be shorter than the tubular ducts 8L and 8R, and holes 28AL and 28AR are respectively provided at substantially the centers of the rear end portions.

  For this reason, when the ear speaker device 20 is attached to the listener's head 100, as shown in FIGS. 12 and 13, the holes 28AL and 28AR of the tubular ducts 28L and 28R have the ear canal entrances 102L and 102R (not shown). A little).

  For this reason, the ear speaker device 20 does not need to touch the tubular ducts 28L and 28R to the outer ear of the listener, and can greatly reduce the possibility of giving the listener unpleasant feeling.

  The electroacoustic transducer 22L of the ear speaker device 20 has a path length EL3 (FIG. 13) that is longer than the path length EL1 (FIG. 5) of the ear speaker device 1, but is similar to the ear speaker device 1. EM> path length EL3.

  Therefore, the electroacoustic transducer 22L, like the electroacoustic transducer 2L, transmits low frequencies transmitted through the tubular duct 28L from the hole 28AL (virtual sound source position PL3) from the case of the electroacoustic transducer 12L (FIG. 6). Can reach the eardrum 103L at a higher sound pressure level.

  In this case, since the ear speaker device 20 has the path length EL3 (FIG. 13)> path length EL1 (FIG. 5), the low sound pressure level output from the electroacoustic conversion unit 22L is output from the electroacoustic conversion unit 2L. In consideration of the fact that the sound pressure level is lower than the low sound pressure level, the total length, the inner diameter, etc. of the tubular ducts 28L and 28R may be adjusted.

(2-2) Third Embodiment As shown in FIGS. 14, 15, and 16 corresponding to FIGS. 1, 4, and 5, the ear speaker device 30 corresponding to the ear speaker device 1 is electrically connected. Instead of the acoustic conversion units 2L and 2R, electroacoustic conversion units 32L and 32R are provided.

  The electroacoustic transducers 32L and 32R include tubular ducts 38L and 38R instead of the tubular ducts 8L and 8R. In the tubular ducts 38L and 38R, hollow tubes are formed in a straight line, and rear end portions are holes 38AL and 38AR.

  For this reason, when the ear speaker device 30 is mounted on the listener's head 100 as in the ear speaker device 20 (FIGS. 12 and 13), as shown in FIGS. 15 and 16, the tubular ducts 38L and 38R The holes 38AL and 38AR are slightly separated from the ear canal entrances 102L and 102R (not shown), so that the tubular ducts 38L and 38R do not need to touch the outer ear of the listener.

  Similarly to the electroacoustic conversion unit 22L, the electroacoustic conversion unit 32L of the ear speaker device 30 has a relationship of path length EM> path length EL4 (FIG. 16), and is transmitted through the tubular duct 38L through the hole 38AL ( The bass radiated from the virtual sound source position PL4) can reach the eardrum 103L at a higher sound pressure level than in the case of the electroacoustic transducer 12L (FIG. 6).

  In this case, since the ear speaker device 30 satisfies the path length EL4 (FIG. 13)> path length EL1 (FIG. 5), the low sound pressure level output from the electroacoustic conversion unit 32L is output from the electroacoustic conversion unit 2L. In consideration of the fact that the tubular ducts 8L and 8R and the tubular ducts 38L and 38R are greatly different in shape, the overall length and inner diameter of the tubular ducts 38L and 38R are adjusted. Just do it.

(2-3) Fourth Embodiment As shown in FIGS. 17, 18, and 19 corresponding to FIGS. 1, 4, and 5, the ear speaker device 40 corresponding to the ear speaker device 1 is an electric Electroacoustic conversion units 42L and 42R are provided instead of the acoustic conversion units 2L and 2R.

  The electroacoustic transducers 42L and 42R have tubular ducts 48L and 48R instead of the tubular ducts 8L and 8R. The tubular ducts 48L and 48R have a shape in which a rectangular parallelepiped is penetrated in the front-rear direction, and rear end portions are hole portions 48AL and 48AR, and a housing portion 44L corresponding to the housing portions 4L and 4R. And 44R.

  For this reason, the ear speaker device 40, like the ear speaker device 30 (FIGS. 15 and 16), has a tubular duct 48L and 48R, as shown in FIGS. The holes 48AL and 48AR are slightly separated from the external auditory canal entrances 102L and 102R (not shown), and the tubular ducts 48L and 48R can be prevented from touching the outer ear of the listener.

  Similarly to the electroacoustic transducer 32L, the electroacoustic transducer 42L of the ear speaker device 40 has a relationship of path length EM> path length EL5 (FIG. 19), and is transmitted through the tubular duct 48L and has a hole 48AL ( The bass emitted from the virtual sound source position PL5) can reach the eardrum 103L at a higher sound pressure level than in the case of the electroacoustic transducer 12L (FIG. 6).

  In this case, since the ear speaker device 40 has the path length EL5 (FIG. 13)> path length EL1 (FIG. 5), the low sound pressure level output from the electroacoustic conversion unit 42L is output from the electroacoustic conversion unit 2L. In consideration of the fact that the tubular ducts 8L and 8R and the tubular ducts 48L and 48R are greatly different in shape, the overall length and vertical length of the tubular ducts 48L and 48R are adjusted. It should be.

(3) Configuration of Ear Speaker Device Having Other Mounting Parts By the way, the ear speaker devices 1, 20, 30, and 40 according to the present invention are shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, 11, 12, 14, 15, and 15, respectively. As shown in FIGS. 17 and 18, the electroacoustic transducers 2L and 2R are attached to the listener's head 100 by the band part 3 as the attachment part. The electroacoustic transducers 2L and 2R, 22L and 22R, 32L and 32R, and 42L and 42R may be mounted on the listener's head 100 by using various mounting portions.

  In the following description, the ear speaker device 20 according to the second embodiment is taken as an example, and the left electroacoustic conversion unit 22L will be mainly described as an example. It is configured to be symmetrical with the acoustic conversion unit 22L.

  For example, the ear speaker device 120 shown in FIG. 20 has a so-called ear clip type, and is an ear for hanging on the listener's pinna 101L instead of the band portion 3 in the ear speaker device 20 (FIGS. 11 to 13). A clip 121L is attached to the housing 4L of the electroacoustic transducer 22L.

  The ear speaker device 120 can attach the electroacoustic transducer 22L to the listener's head 100 by hooking the ear clip 121L onto the listener's pinna 101L. As with the ear speaker device 20, natural sound image localization is possible. Therefore, it is possible to cause the listener to listen to a good reproduced sound including a sufficiently low sound.

  Further, the ear speaker device 130 shown in FIG. 21 has a so-called under-chin type, and instead of the band portion 3 in the ear speaker device 20 (FIGS. 11 to 13), left and right electroacoustic conversion units 22L and 22R are provided. A band 131 for connecting and hanging on the listener's pinna 101L is attached to the housing 4L. The central portion 131A of the band portion 131 is formed in a substantially convex downward arch shape and is assumed to be passed to the left and right under the listener's jaw.

  The ear speaker device 130 can attach the electroacoustic transducer 22L to the listener's head 100 by hooking the ear hook portion 131BL of the band portion 131 on the listener's pinna 101L. Therefore, it is possible to cause the listener to listen to a good reproduced sound including a natural sound image localization and including a sufficiently low sound.

  Furthermore, the ear speaker device 140 shown in FIG. 22 is configured as a so-called shoulder hold type, and instead of the band portion 3 in the ear speaker device 20 (FIGS. 11 to 13), left and right electroacoustic transducers 22L and 22R are provided. A shoulder arm 141 that is connected and supported from the shoulder portion of the listener is attached to the housing portion 4L. It is assumed that the center portion 141A of the shoulder arm 141 is formed in a substantially convex arch shape at the back and is passed from the back of the listener's neck to the top of the shoulder and passed to the left and right.

  The ear speaker device 140 can be mounted on the listener's head 100 by being hung over both shoulders of the listener, and as with the ear speaker device 20, it provides a natural sound image localization and is sufficient. Therefore, it is possible to make the listener listen to a good reproduction sound including a low tone.

  Further, the ear speaker device 150 shown in FIG. 23 has a so-called neckband type, and instead of the band portion 3 in the ear speaker device 20 (FIGS. 11 to 13), left and right electroacoustic transducers 22L and 22R are provided. A band 151 for connecting and hanging on the listener's pinna 101L is attached to the housing 4L. The central portion 151A of the band portion 151 is assumed to be formed in a substantially convex arch shape at the back and passed to the back of the rear head of the listener.

  The ear speaker device 150 can attach the electroacoustic converter 22L to the listener's head 100 by hooking the ear hook portion 151BL of the band portion 151 on the listener's pinna 101L. Therefore, it is possible to cause the listener to listen to a good reproduced sound including a natural sound image localization and including a sufficiently low sound.

  Further, the ear speaker device 160 shown in FIG. 24 has the electroacoustic transducer 22L in the ear speaker device 150 shown in FIG. 23 positioned behind the auricle 101 of the listener, and a tubular duct 168L instead of the tubular duct 8L. It extends from the housing part 4L located behind the listener's pinna 101L to near the ear canal entrance 102L. The left and right electroacoustic transducers 22L and 22R are connected to each other by a band 161 passed behind the listener's neck.

  In the ear speaker device 160, the electroacoustic transducer 22L can be mounted on the listener's head 100 by the tubular duct 168L being hung on the listener's pinna 101L, and as with the ear speaker device 20, natural sound image localization is possible. Therefore, it is possible to cause the listener to listen to a good reproduced sound including a sufficiently low sound.

  Further, the ear speaker device 170 shown in FIG. 25 includes a rear electroacoustic conversion unit 172L having the same configuration as the above-described electroacoustic conversion unit 12L (FIG. 6) in addition to the electroacoustic conversion unit 22L. The band unit 171 instead of the band unit 3 in the speaker device 20 (FIGS. 11 to 13) positions the electroacoustic transducer 22L in front of the auricle 101L, and the rear electroacoustic transducer 172L behind the auricle 101L. It is made to be located in.

  Incidentally, the rear electroacoustic converter 172L is supplied with an audio signal for a rear channel in a multi-channel sound source such as a 4-channel or 5.1-channel sound source.

  By attaching the ear speaker device 170 to the listener's head 100, the electroacoustic converter 22L and the rear electroacoustic converter 172L can be attached to the listener's head 100, and natural sound image localization can be achieved. It is possible to make the listener listen to a good reproduction sound including a sufficient surround sound that is a given surround sound.

  In this case, a vibration exciter 175 may be attached to the band portion 171 of the ear speaker device 170 so that vibration corresponding to a heavy bass component in a 5.1 channel sound source is applied to the listener's head 100, for example.

  The ear speaker device 170 is tubular from the electroacoustic transducer 172L for the rear, similarly to the ear speaker device 160 (FIG. 24), in addition to directing the tubular duct 28L from the electroacoustic transducer 22L toward the ear canal entrance 102L of the listener. The duct may be directed toward the listener's ear canal entrance 102L, or the tubular duct may be extended from both the electroacoustic transducer 22L and the rear electroacoustic transducer 172L toward the listener's ear canal entrance 102L.

  As described above, in the present invention, in addition to the band portion 3 (FIGS. 11 to 13) of the ear speaker device 20, the electroacoustic transducer 22L and the earphone device 120-170 can be mounted by various mounting portions such as the ear speaker devices 120 to 170. 22R may be attached to the head 100 of the listener.

(4) Operation and Effect In the above configuration, the ear speaker device 1 is attached to the listener's head 100, whereby the speaker unit 7L provided in the housing portion 4L of the electroacoustic transducer 2L is connected to the listener's head 100. In a state where the distal end portion on the rear side of the tubular duct 8L that functions as a bass reflex duct is positioned in the vicinity of the ear canal entrance 102L while being positioned slightly forward of the ear canal entrance 102L and extending rearward from the housing portion 4L. The reproduction sound based on the audio signal supplied from the amplifier is output.

  At this time, the electroacoustic transducer 2L (FIG. 5) of the ear speaker device 1 has a hole 8AL in the tubular duct 8L that is longer than the path length EM until the middle and high sounds radiated from the speaker unit 7L reach the eardrum 103L of the listener. Since the path length EL1 until the bass radiated from the sound reaches the eardrum 103L is shortened, as shown in the characteristic curve SL1 for the middle and high sounds as shown in the characteristic curve SM (FIG. 7). In addition, a bass having a relatively high sound pressure level can reach the eardrum 103L.

  Therefore, since the electroacoustic conversion unit 2L of the ear speaker device 1 can reflect the middle and high sounds radiated from the speaker unit 7L by the listener's cheeks, the auricles 101L and the like to reach the eardrum 103L, a general speaker Thus, the listener can listen to the reproduced sound having characteristics similar to those of listening to the reproduced sound through the sound, and a natural localization feeling that the sound image is located outside the head can be given.

  Further, the electroacoustic transducer 2L of the ear speaker device 1 is shown in the characteristic curve SG1 (FIG. 9) and the characteristic curve SG11 (FIG. 10) by extending the tubular duct 8L to the vicinity of the listener's ear canal entrance 102L. In addition, it is possible to make the listener listen to a good reproduced sound having a sufficient sound pressure level up to a relatively low sound range.

  In this case, in the electroacoustic transducer 2L of the ear speaker device 1, the tubular duct 8L is extended to the vicinity of the listener's external auditory canal entrance 102L, and therefore, in the general bass-reflex electroacoustic transducer 2L (FIG. 6), the tubular duct Compared with the bass sound such as the characteristic curve SL2 (FIG. 7) output from 18L and 19L, the bass sound having a large sound pressure level such as the characteristic curve SL1 (FIG. 7) can reach the eardrum 103L of the listener. The low-pitched sound that is likely to be insufficient due to the relatively small diameter of the speaker unit 7L and a slight distance from the ear canal entrance 102L can be heard by the listener at a sufficient sound pressure level.

  Furthermore, since the ear speaker device 1 does not increase the reproduction volume of the bass sound but brings the bass radiating port close to the eardrum 103L, the eardrum 103L (FIG. 5) has a sufficiently low sound, so that, for example, a large aperture Compared to the case where low sound is reproduced using a speaker, subwoofer, etc., low sound and vibration leaking to the surroundings can be substantially eliminated. Therefore, for example, when the listener listens to the reproduced sound through the ear speaker device 1 at midnight, the user can enjoy a satisfactory reproduced sound including a sufficient low sound without worrying about inconvenience to the vicinity and surroundings. be able to.

  In addition, the ear speaker devices 20, 30 and 40 have lengths protruding from the baffle plates 4AL and 4AR and 44AL and 44AR of the tubular ducts 28L, 28R, 38L and 38R and 48L and 48R as compared with the ear speaker device 1. By shortening and making it hardly touch the listener's pinna etc., the possibility of giving unpleasant feeling to the listener can be greatly reduced.

  The ear speaker devices 20, 30 and 40 can emit bass from a position closer to the ear canal entrance 102L than the speaker units 7L and 7R by the tubular ducts 28L, 28R, 38L and 38R and 48L and 48R. As with the ear speaker device 1, it is possible to make the listener listen to good sound including a sufficiently low sound.

  Furthermore, since the tubular ducts 8L, 28L, 38L, and 48L do not block the listener's ear canal entrance 102L, they can reach the eardrum 103L and listen to the reproduced sound without blocking the ambient sound generated around the listener. it can.

  As a result, the ear speaker devices 1, 20, 30 and 40 can be used in addition to good reproduction sound when the listener needs to listen to surrounding sounds, such as when the listener walks or plays sports. Sound can be heard.

  Further, since the ear speaker devices 1, 20, 30 and 40 do not cover the listener's pinna 101L or the like, the ear speaker devices 1, 20, 30 and 40 do not give the unpleasant feeling of obstruction and stuffiness that a listener wearing general headphones feels. . Further, since the sealed space is not formed, the resonance frequency in the ear canal, which may occur when sealed headphones are used, does not occur, and the listener does not feel uncomfortable.

  In addition, since the ear speaker devices 1, 20, 30 and 40 allow the listener to listen to a bass having a sufficient volume level by bringing the bass outlet close to the eardrum 103L, it is necessary to unnecessarily increase the diameter of the speaker unit 7L. Therefore, the size of the housing part 4 can be minimized. Thereby, since the size and weight of the entire ear speaker device 1 can be minimized, it is possible to minimize the troublesomeness caused by the size and weight of the listener when the ear speaker device 1 is mounted.

  According to the above configuration, when the ear speaker device 20 is mounted on the listener's head 100, the speaker unit 7L of the electroacoustic transducer 22L is positioned slightly forward of the listener's external auditory canal entrance 102L and is a tubular duct. By outputting the reproduced sound in a state where 28L is extended toward the ear canal entrance 102L, the bass emitted from the hole 28AL of the tubular duct 28L acting as a bass reflex duct is transmitted to the eardrum 103 at a sufficient sound pressure level. Therefore, it is possible to provide a natural sound image localization and allow the listener to listen to a good reproduction sound having a sufficient sound pressure level up to a relatively low sound range.

(5) Other Embodiments In the first and second embodiments described above, the tubular ducts 8L and 28L are formed in a substantially U-shaped side surface so as to function as two bass reflex ducts. As described above, the present invention is not limited to this. One tubular duct 38L, three or more tubular ducts as in the third embodiment, or a rectangular duct 48L as in the fourth embodiment. The bass reflex duct may be configured by ducts having various numbers and shapes.

  The tubular duct may be formed of a hard material such as metal, or may be formed of a soft material such as a flexible resin. In this case, the inner diameter and the path length only have to be designed in consideration of the difference in material of the tubular duct 8L. Further, a protective portion made of sponge or the like may be attached to the rear end portion of the tubular duct so as not to damage the listener's ear canal entrance 102L.

  Further, in the above-described embodiment, the case where the tubular duct 8L passes through the baffle plate 4AL of the casing portion 4L has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the tubular duct 8L includes the casing 4L. You may make it penetrate the other side.

  Further, in the above-described embodiment, the case where the sound emitting surface of the speaker unit 7L is directed substantially rearward when the ear speaker device 1 is attached to the listener's head 100 (FIG. 4) has been described. The present invention is not limited to this. For example, the sound emitting surface of the speaker unit 7L may be directed slightly inward. In short, the sound emitting surface of the speaker unit 7L is generally directed toward the ear canal entrance 102L and radiates. It is only necessary that middle and high sounds reach the eardrum 103L efficiently.

  Further, in the second to fourth embodiments described above, the case has been described in which the holes 28AL, 38AL, and 48AL of the tubular ducts 28L, 38L, and 48L are provided so as to substantially face the direction of the ear canal entrance 102L. The present invention is not limited to this, and the holes may be received in directions other than the ear canal entrance 102L.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 26 in which parts corresponding to those in FIG. 14 are assigned the same reference numerals, the ear speaker device 200 includes electroacoustic transducers 202L and 202R instead of the electroacoustic transducers 2L and 2R of the ear speaker device 1. is doing. In the electroacoustic transducers 202L and 202R, the rear end portions of the tubular ducts 208L and 208R are bent outward, and the holes 208AL and 208AR are directed outward.

  Therefore, the ear speaker device 200 can radiate the sound radiated from the tubular duct 208L in a direction different from that of the ear canal entrance 102L. Here, as a general sound property, it is known that medium and high sounds have relatively strong directivity, but bass has relatively low directivity.

  By using such sound directivity, the ear speaker device 200 can weaken the mid-high sound transmitted to the external auditory canal entrance 102L via the tubular duct 208L, and can also attenuate the low sound without much attenuation. Can be transmitted to the listener, and the listener can listen without breaking the balance of the sound.

  Further, in the above-described first embodiment, the case where the ear speaker device 1 has the left and right electroacoustic conversion units 2L and 2R and outputs the reproduced sound of two channels has been described. For example, only the left electroacoustic converter 2L may be provided to output one channel of reproduced sound.

  Furthermore, in the above-described first embodiment, the case where the casing unit 4 is provided with the speaker unit 7L for middle and high sounds has been described. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and for example, for middle sounds and high sounds. A plurality of speaker units may be provided in the housing unit 4 such as providing two speaker units in the single housing unit 4 to form a 2-way speaker.

  Furthermore, in the above-described embodiment, the case where the casing portion 4 having a shape obtained by dividing the sphere into four equal parts in the vertical direction has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this. Various shapes such as a cylindrical shape may be used, and in short, it is only necessary to have a substantially sealed space inside that can function as an enclosure for a bass reflex type speaker.

  Furthermore, in the above-described embodiment, the housing parts 4L and 4R as the housing parts, the speaker units 7L and 7R as the speaker units, and the tubular ducts 28L and 28R as the tubular ducts serve as electroacoustic transducers. Although the case where the electroacoustic transducers 22L and 22R are configured has been described, the present invention is not limited to this, and an electroacoustic transducer is configured by a casing having various configurations, a speaker unit, and a tubular duct. You may do it.

  Further, in the above-described embodiment, the housing portions 4L and 4R as the housing portions, the speaker units 7L and 7R as the speaker units, the tubular ducts 28L and 28R as the tubular ducts, and the electroacoustic transducer Although the case where the ear speaker device 20 as the ear speaker device is configured by the electroacoustic conversion units 22L and 22R and the band unit 3 as the mounting portion has been described, the present invention is not limited to this and includes various other configurations. You may make it comprise an ear speaker apparatus by a housing | casing part, a speaker unit, a tubular duct, an electroacoustic transducer, and a mounting part.

  The present invention can be used not only for bass reflex type speakers but also for various ear speaker devices in which a speaker device having various ducts such as a back load horn type is mounted on the head of a listener.

It is a rough-line perspective view which shows the whole structure (1) of an ear speaker apparatus. It is a rough-line rear view which shows the whole structure (2) of an ear speaker apparatus. It is a rough-line front view which shows the whole structure (3) of an ear speaker apparatus. It is a rough-line side view which shows the mounting state (1) of an ear speaker apparatus. It is a rough-line top sectional view which shows the mounting state (2) of an ear speaker apparatus. It is an approximate line top sectional view showing a general bass reflex type ear speaker device. It is a basic diagram which shows the frequency characteristic in the conventional bass-reflex type speaker. It is a basic diagram which shows the frequency characteristic of the ear speaker apparatus by this invention. It is a basic diagram which shows a theoretical frequency characteristic. It is a basic diagram which shows the frequency characteristic by measurement. It is a rough-line perspective view which shows the whole structure of the ear speaker apparatus by 2nd Embodiment. It is a rough-line side view which shows the mounting state (1) of the ear speaker apparatus by 2nd Embodiment. It is a rough-line top sectional view which shows the mounting state (2) of the ear speaker apparatus by 2nd Embodiment. It is a rough-line perspective view which shows the whole structure of the ear speaker apparatus by 3rd Embodiment. It is a rough-line side view which shows the mounting state (1) of the ear speaker apparatus by 3rd Embodiment. It is a rough-line top sectional view which shows the mounting state (2) of the ear speaker apparatus by 3rd Embodiment. It is a rough-line perspective view which shows the whole structure of the ear speaker apparatus by 4th Embodiment. It is a rough-line side view which shows the mounting state (1) of the ear speaker apparatus by 4th Embodiment. It is a rough-line top sectional view which shows the mounting state (2) of the ear speaker apparatus by 4th Embodiment. It is an approximate line side view showing an example (1) of composition and wearing of an ear speaker device. It is a rough-line side view which shows the structure and example (2) of mounting | wearing with an ear speaker apparatus. It is a rough-line side view which shows the structure of an ear speaker apparatus, and the example (3) of mounting | wearing. It is a rough-line side view which shows the structure and example (4) of mounting | wearing with an ear speaker apparatus. It is a rough-line side view which shows the structure and example (5) of mounting | wearing with an ear speaker apparatus. It is a rough-line side view which shows the structure and example (6) of mounting | wearing with an ear speaker apparatus. It is a rough-line perspective view which shows the structure of the tubular duct by other embodiment.

Explanation of symbols

  1, 20, 30, 40, 120, 130, 140, 150, 160, 170, 200... Ear speaker device, 2L, 2R, 22L, 22R, 32L, 32R, 42L, 42R, 172L, ... electroacoustic conversion Part, 3 ... band part, 4L, 4R, 44L, 44R ... casing part, 7L, 7R ... speaker unit, 8L, 8R, 28L, 28R, 38L, 38R ... tubular duct, 8AL, 8AR, 28AL , 28AR, 38AL, 38AR, 48AL, 48AR .. Hole, 48L, 48R ... Duct, 100 ... Head, 101L ... Pinna, 102L ... Ear canal entrance, 103L ... Tympanic membrane.

Claims (10)

A housing part having a space inside mounted at a predetermined position with respect to the head of the listener;
A speaker unit that is attached to one surface of the housing portion and has a predetermined distance between the listener and the ear canal entrance when the housing portion is attached to the head of the listener;
It is formed in a substantially U-shape again back to the ear canal is extended toward the inlet Rutotomoni the casing of the listener, holes for sound emission in a position close to the ear canal entrance of the listener provided, the housing An electroacoustic transducer comprising: a tubular duct that emits sound generated inside the unit from a position closer to the ear canal entrance than the speaker unit. The tubular duct is
Acts as a duct for bass reflex speakers
The electroacoustic transducer according to claim 1. The tubular duct is
The hole is oriented in a different direction from the ear canal entrance
The electroacoustic transducer according to claim 1 . The housing part is
When mounted on the head of the listener, the sound emitting surface of the speaker unit is oriented approximately in the direction of the ear canal entrance of the listener.
The electroacoustic transducer according to claim 1. A housing part having a space inside mounted at a predetermined position with respect to the head of the listener, and attached to one surface of the housing part, and when the housing part is attached to the head of the listener, a speaker unit in which a predetermined distance is provided between the ear canal entrance is formed in a substantially U-shape again back to the ear canal is extended toward the inlet Rutotomoni the casing of the listener, to the ear canal entrance of the listener An electroacoustic transducer having a tubular duct that is provided with a sound emitting hole at a close position and emits sound generated inside the housing from a position closer to the ear canal entrance than the speaker unit;
An ear speaker device comprising: a mounting portion for mounting the electroacoustic transducer on a head of the listener so that the predetermined distance is provided between the speaker unit and the ear canal entrance of the listener. The tubular duct is
Acts as a duct for bass reflex speakers
The ear speaker device according to claim 5 . The tubular duct is
The hole is oriented in a different direction from the ear canal entrance
The ear speaker device according to claim 5 . The housing part is
When mounted on the head of the listener, the sound emitting surface of the speaker unit is oriented approximately in the direction of the ear canal entrance of the listener.
The ear speaker device according to claim 5 . The mounting part is
When the electroacoustic transducer is mounted on the listener's head, the speaker unit is positioned in front of the listener's ear canal entrance, and is located behind the listener's ear canal entrance in a predetermined rear direction. Provided with rear housing with speaker unit attached
The ear speaker device according to claim 5 . The mounting part is
In addition to the housing part, a predetermined vibrator mounted on the mounting part for applying vibration to the head of the listener is provided.
The ear speaker device according to claim 5 .

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