JP4824288B2

JP4824288B2 - Rotation transmission device

Info

Publication number: JP4824288B2
Application number: JP2004195769A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 隆英齋藤; 博志分校; 哲也山本; 浩一岡田
Original assignee: NTN Corp
Current assignee: NTN Corp
Priority date: 2004-07-01
Filing date: 2004-07-01
Publication date: 2011-11-30
Anticipated expiration: 2024-07-01
Also published as: JP2006017225A

Description

この発明は、車両の動力伝達経路等の回転軸上で回転駆動力の伝達と遮断の切換えを行う回転伝達装置に関する。 The present invention relates to a rotation transmission device that switches between rotation driving force transmission and cutoff on a rotation shaft such as a power transmission path of a vehicle.

車両の動力伝達経路等の回転軸上で回転駆動力の伝達と遮断を行う際に、電磁クラッチを含み、かつ内方部材と外輪の間にローラを組込み、電磁クラッチへの通電、遮断により内方部材と外輪との間で回転の伝達と遮断を行うツーウェイクラッチ方式の回転伝達装置が知られている。この回転伝達装置の電磁クラッチへの通電は、省電力化を図り、かつ発熱を抑制し得るようにするのが好ましい。又、低温時にはヒータとしての作用をすることができるように抑制することを必要とする場合もあり、これらの要求に対して種々の試みがなされている。その一例として特許文献１による「回転伝達装置の制御方法」の発明が公知である。 When transmitting and cutting off the rotational driving force on the rotating shaft of the vehicle's power transmission path, etc., an electromagnetic clutch is included, and a roller is incorporated between the inner member and the outer ring. 2. Description of the Related Art A two-way clutch type rotation transmission device that transmits and blocks rotation between a side member and an outer ring is known. The energization of the rotation transmission device to the electromagnetic clutch preferably saves power and suppresses heat generation. In addition, there are cases where it is necessary to suppress the function as a heater at a low temperature, and various attempts have been made to meet these requirements. As an example, the invention of “a method of controlling a rotation transmission device” according to Patent Document 1 is known.

この制御方法では、モード切換えスイッチを直結４ＷＤ走行モードに切換えてツーウェイクラッチのロックを行う際に、電磁コイルへ通電する電流を間歇的に流すことにより消費電力を少なくして発熱を抑制する制御方法を提案している。電磁コイルへの通電は、パルス幅変調制御（ＰＷＭ制御）で行なわれる。なお、上記特許文献１による回転伝達装置の制御方法は、具体例としてはＦＲベースの４ＷＤ車のトランスファ装置内で動力の伝達と遮断を行うツーウェイクラッチに適用されているが、ツーウェイクラッチ自体は種々の装置に適用される。 In this control method, when the mode changeover switch is switched to the direct-coupled 4WD travel mode to lock the two-way clutch, a control method for suppressing heat generation by reducing power consumption by intermittently passing a current to be applied to the electromagnetic coil Has proposed. Energization of the electromagnetic coil is performed by pulse width modulation control (PWM control). Note that the control method of the rotation transmission device according to Patent Document 1 is applied to a two-way clutch that transmits and cuts power in an FR-based 4WD vehicle transfer device as a specific example, but there are various two-way clutches themselves. Applies to other devices.

上記特許文献１と同じ構成の回転伝達装置を装着した４ＷＤ車両の制御方法が特許文献２により開示されている。この制御方法ではトランスファ内の油温が低い低温始動時に２ＷＤモードを選択した際にローラが異常ロック（係合）され、ツーウェイクラッチがロック（係合）とフリー（遮断）を繰返すことによる振動の発生を防止する制御方法について提案している。この場合、トランスファ内の油温を温度センサにより検出し、検出された温度が設定温度以下の時はハブクラッチ又は前輪車軸係合離脱手段を係合させるようにしている。 Patent Document 2 discloses a method for controlling a 4WD vehicle equipped with a rotation transmission device having the same configuration as that of Patent Document 1. In this control method, when the 2WD mode is selected at low temperature start when the oil temperature in the transfer is low, the roller is abnormally locked (engaged), and the two-way clutch repeatedly locks (engaged) and free (cuts off). A control method to prevent the occurrence is proposed. In this case, the oil temperature in the transfer is detected by a temperature sensor, and when the detected temperature is equal to or lower than the set temperature, the hub clutch or the front wheel axle engagement / disengagement means is engaged.

ところで、上記特許文献１による回転伝達装置において、ツーウェイクラッチをロック状態、即ち電磁クラッチへ通電してローラクラッチを係合させる場合、パルス幅変調制御を前提として、（ａ）ロックへ移行する過程では比較的大きな電流、つまりロックの応答性を向上させるために可能な限り大きな電流を流し、（ｂ）ロックを保持する間は比較的小さな電流、つまり電磁クラッチでスイッチばねの弾性力を僅かに上回る吸引力が発生する程度の電流を電磁コイルに印加している。そして、それぞれの場合の電流値は、ロック時の回転数に言及することなく、従ってクラッチの形式毎に必要な最大値に設定されていた。 By the way, in the rotation transmission device according to Patent Document 1, when the two-way clutch is in a locked state, that is, when the roller clutch is engaged by energizing the electromagnetic clutch, (a) in the process of shifting to the lock, assuming pulse width modulation control. A relatively large current, that is, a current as large as possible is applied to improve the responsiveness of the lock, and (b) a relatively small current, that is, an electromagnetic clutch slightly exceeds the elastic force of the switch spring while the lock is held. A current that generates an attractive force is applied to the electromagnetic coil. The current value in each case is set to the maximum value required for each clutch type without mentioning the rotation speed at the time of locking.

そこで、電磁クラッチへ印加する電流について種々研究の結果、電磁クラッチのロック作用に対してはロック時の回転数を加味した電流値を電磁コイルに印加する方が、さらに省電力化を図ることができることを見出した。しかし、従来の回転伝達装置において電磁クラッチのロック作用に対してロック時の回転数による影響を考慮して電磁コイルへの印加電流を設定することについて提案した例はない。 Therefore, as a result of various studies on the current applied to the electromagnetic clutch, it is possible to further reduce power consumption by applying a current value to the electromagnetic coil that takes into account the locking speed of the electromagnetic clutch in consideration of the number of rotations at the time of locking. I found out that I can do it. However, there is no example proposed for setting the applied current to the electromagnetic coil in consideration of the influence of the rotational speed at the time of locking on the locking action of the electromagnetic clutch in the conventional rotation transmission device.

一方、特許文献２の制御方法では、低温時には電磁コイルに電流を流し、回転伝達装置の内部温度を上昇させるように電磁コイルをヒータとして使用することについても開示している。電磁コイルをヒータとすることは車両の走行中、停車時のいずれであれ、電磁コイルに通電すればヒータとなり、必要熱量を発生させて潤滑油の低温による粘性抵抗を瞬時に低減することができる。しかし、通電と同時に電磁石による吸引力も発生しており、必要熱量が大きい場合、クラッチの係合を意図しない場合でもアーマチュアを吸引し、誤係合を誘発する虞れがあった。従って、電磁コイルへの印加電流を最適に設定すると共に、低温時に電磁クラッチの不要な誤係合することに対する制約なく必要な熱量を発生するヒータとしても使用し得る電磁コイルとするのが望ましい。
特開平１１−１５９５４５号公報特開平１１−１５７３５５号公報 On the other hand, the control method of Patent Document 2 also discloses that an electromagnetic coil is used as a heater so that an electric current is passed through the electromagnetic coil at a low temperature to raise the internal temperature of the rotation transmission device. Regardless of whether the electromagnetic coil is used as a heater, whether the vehicle is running or stopped, if the electromagnetic coil is energized, it becomes a heater, which can generate the necessary heat and instantaneously reduce the viscous resistance due to the low temperature of the lubricating oil. . However, an attractive force generated by the electromagnet is generated simultaneously with energization. When the required heat amount is large, there is a possibility that the armature is attracted even if the clutch is not intended to be engaged, thereby causing erroneous engagement. Accordingly, it is desirable to set an electromagnetic coil that can be used as a heater that optimally sets the current applied to the electromagnetic coil and generates a necessary amount of heat without restriction against unnecessary erroneous engagement of the electromagnetic clutch at low temperatures.
JP 11-159545 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-157355

この発明は、上記の問題に留意して、ローラクラッチ部を電磁力で制御してクラッチの係合、遮断をする回転伝達装置の電磁コイルへの通電に対し、回転軸の回転数の増減を加味してさらなる電力の省力化かつ電磁コイルのコンパクト化を図ることができる回転伝達装置を提供することを課題とする。又、上記の回転伝達装置に対し電磁コイルへの通電を可変印加し得る制御システムを提供することをもう１つの課題とする。 In consideration of the above problems, the present invention increases or decreases the rotational speed of the rotating shaft with respect to energization of the electromagnetic coil of the rotation transmission device that controls and engages and disengages the clutch by controlling the roller clutch portion with electromagnetic force. In consideration of the above, it is an object to provide a rotation transmission device capable of further reducing power consumption and reducing the size of an electromagnetic coil. Another object is to provide a control system capable of variably applying an energization to the electromagnetic coil to the rotation transmission device.

この発明は、上記の課題を解決する手段として、内方部材と外輪の間に係合子であるローラを組込んで回転軸の回転の伝達と遮断を行うローラクラッチ部と、このローラクラッチ部の係合、遮断を電磁コイルの電磁力により制御する電磁クラッチ部とを備え、電磁コイルを使用頻度が最大又はその所定範囲内の回転軸の回転を定格回転数とし、これに対応する定格電流を係合時に印加し得るように設け、係合時に内方部材又は外輪の回転速度の大きさに応じて電磁コイルへの通電を可変印加し、回転速度に適合する印加電流により係合し得るように構成し、前記電磁コイルをコイル中央位置に接続ラインを接続して２分割し、コイル両端に給電して電磁コイルが吸引力を発生する駆動状態と、コイル中央の接続ラインから給電することにより２つのコイル中に逆向きの電流を印加して発生する磁束が互いに打消し合うヒータモードのいずれかに切換え自在に形成した回転伝達装置としたのである。 As a means for solving the above-described problem, the present invention incorporates a roller as an engaging member between the inner member and the outer ring to transmit and block the rotation of the rotation shaft, and the roller clutch portion. And an electromagnetic clutch part that controls engagement and disconnection by the electromagnetic force of the electromagnetic coil, and the rotation frequency of the rotating shaft within the specified range of the electromagnetic coil is the maximum, and the rated current corresponding to this is set as the rated rotational speed. It is provided so that it can be applied at the time of engagement, and at the time of engagement, the energization to the electromagnetic coil can be variably applied according to the rotational speed of the inner member or the outer ring so that it can be engaged by an applied current that matches the rotational speed. configured to, the electromagnetic coil 2 is divided by connecting the connecting line to the coil center position, the driving state of the electromagnetic coil for generating a suction force powering the coil ends, by feeding the coil center of the connection line One of it is the magnetic flux generated by applying a reverse current is a rotation transmitting device that switched freely formed on one of the heater mode cancel each other in the coil.

そして、上記回転伝達装置を制御するシステムとして、内方部材と外輪の間に係合子であるローラを組込んで回転軸の回転の伝達と遮断を行うローラクラッチ部、及びこのローラクラッチ部の係合、遮断を電磁コイルの電磁力により制御する電磁クラッチ部を有する回転伝達装置と、クラッチの係合過程では内方部材又は外輪の回転速度の大きさに応じて電磁コイルへの通電を可変印加する可変設定部とを備え、前記クラッチの係合過程ではロック後の係合保持に必要な電流の基準値のｎ倍大きい電流、但しｎ＞１、を電磁コイルに印加し、ロック後は基準電流値に設定し、上記基準値及びそのｎ倍の電流を相対速度の大きさに応じて可変設定する可変設定部を備えた回転伝達装置の制御システムを採用することができる。

As a system for controlling the rotation transmission device, a roller clutch portion that incorporates a roller as an engagement member between the inner member and the outer ring to transmit and block rotation of the rotation shaft, and the engagement of the roller clutch portion. In this case, the rotation transmission device having an electromagnetic clutch unit that controls the interruption by the electromagnetic force of the electromagnetic coil, and in the clutch engagement process, the energization to the electromagnetic coil is variably applied according to the rotational speed of the inner member or the outer ring. A variable setting unit that applies a current n times larger than a reference value of the current required for holding the locked state in the clutch engagement process, where n> 1 to the electromagnetic coil, and after the lock, It is possible to employ a control system for a rotation transmission device that includes a variable setting unit that sets a current value and variably sets the reference value and n times the current according to the relative speed .

上記の構成とした回転伝達装置では、電磁コイルへの電流の通電を可変印加することにより内方部材又は外輪の回転速度に適合した印加電流を加えることができ、さらなる電力の省力化、電磁コイルのコンパクト化が実現できる。このような印加電流を流すため、電磁コイルは使用頻度が最大となる回転速度での回転数又はその一定範囲内を定格回転数とし、これに対応する定格電流に適合するサイズに設定される。実際の使用時には定格回転数から増、減いずれにも回転速度は種々変化するが、増、減いずれかの状態に変化した回転速度において係合（ロック）動作が開始されると、そのときの回転速度に応じて必要な印加電流を増、減設定して印加する。但し、ローラクラッチ部が内輪カム構造タイプと外輪カム構造タイプとでは印加電流の増、減の方向が互いに反対となる。

The rotation transmission apparatus with configuration described above, can be added to the applied current adapted to the rotation speed of the inner member or the outer ring by varying application of energization current to the electromagnetic coil, labor saving additional power, electromagnetic The coil can be made compact. In order to allow such an applied current to flow, the electromagnetic coil is set to a size suitable for the rated current corresponding to the rated rotational speed at a rotational speed at a rotational speed that maximizes the use frequency or within a certain range thereof. During actual use, the rotational speed changes in various ways, both increasing and decreasing from the rated speed, but when the engaging (locking) operation is started at the rotational speed changed to either increasing or decreasing, Increase and decrease the required applied current according to the rotation speed and apply. However, when the roller clutch portion is an inner ring cam structure type and an outer ring cam structure type, the direction of increase or decrease in applied current is opposite to each other.

このような電磁コイルへの印加電流の可変設定をする場合、電磁クラッチによる吸引力はスイッチばねの弾性力をわずかに上回る力であればよいが、電磁クラッチへの通電の省力化と共にクラッチ応答性を速くするためには、係合（ロック）過程に必要な電流は、係合（ロック）後に係合保持するのに必要な電流より大きくするのが好ましく、係合保持に必要な電流を基準電流とすれば、係合過程ではそのｎ倍（ｎ＞１）の印加電流を必要とする。従って、そのｎ倍の印加電流を印加する際に上述した回転数、及び内輪カム又は外輪カム構造タイプかに応じて増、減されたｎ倍の印加電流を係合起動（開始）時から係合完了まで印加し、その後基準電流に減少させることとなる。この場合、基準電流も回転数と内、外輪カム構造タイプのいずれかによって異なる値に設定される。 When the current applied to the electromagnetic coil is variably set, the attraction force by the electromagnetic clutch may be a force that slightly exceeds the elastic force of the switch spring. In order to speed up the operation, it is preferable that the current required for the engagement (locking) process is larger than the current required for maintaining the engagement after the engagement (locking). In terms of current, the applied current requires n times (n> 1) of applied current in the engagement process. Therefore, when the applied current of n times is applied, the applied current of n times increased or decreased depending on the rotational speed and the inner ring cam or outer ring cam structure type is applied from the time of starting (starting) the engagement. It is applied until completion of the match, and then it is reduced to the reference current. In this case, the reference current is also set to a different value depending on the rotational speed and either the inner or outer ring cam structure type.

以上の印加電流の制御は、回転伝達装置の制御システムの可変設定部に対し制御部から制御信号を送ることにより行なわれる。このような回転数に応じた印加電流の可変制御をするために、入出力軸には回転センサを設けるが、他の目的で設けられている回転センサがあればその測定信号を利用して制御部へ送り、回転速度を検出する。そして検出された回転速度の検出信号に基づいて上述した電磁コイルへの電流を可変印加するように制御信号を可変設定部へ送る。 The control of the applied current is performed by sending a control signal from the control unit to the variable setting unit of the control system of the rotation transmission device. In order to variably control the applied current according to the rotation speed, a rotation sensor is provided on the input / output shaft. If there is a rotation sensor provided for other purposes, control is performed using the measurement signal. The rotation speed is detected. Then, a control signal is sent to the variable setting unit so as to variably apply the current to the electromagnetic coil based on the detected rotation speed detection signal.

可変設定部では、予め回転伝達装置が内、外輪カム構造タイプのいずれであるかによって係合過程での印加電流を回転数の増大と共に、例えば内輪カム構造タイプでは減少させ、外輪カム構造タイプでは増大させるというように印加する。従って、可変設定部では基本的に回転数の増、減に応じて印加電流を増、減するように設定するが、このとき同時に電磁クラッチの係合時のクラッチ応答性を向上させるには上述した基準の印加電流のｎ倍とする設定も可変設定部で行えばよい。 In the variable setting section, the applied current in the engagement process is increased with the increase in the number of rotations depending on whether the rotation transmission device is an inner or outer ring cam structure type in advance, for example, the inner ring cam structure type is decreased, and the outer ring cam structure type is decreased. Apply as increasing. Therefore, the variable setting unit is basically set to increase or decrease the applied current in accordance with the increase or decrease of the rotational speed. At the same time, in order to improve the clutch response when the electromagnetic clutch is engaged, The variable setting unit may be used to set the reference applied current to n times.

このクラッチ応答性向上の制御は、回転伝達装置を使用する対象物の目的、用途に応じてクラッチ応答速度の程度は異なる。従って、応答速度を高くすることを要求されればその要求の度合いに応じてｎ（＞１）の値を大きく設定することとなる。その後、係合保持の状態になると基準の印加電流に戻すが、この場合も回転数と内、外輪カム構造タイプの種類に応じて適切な電流値に設定する。 In this control of improving the clutch response, the degree of the clutch response speed varies depending on the purpose and application of the object using the rotation transmission device. Therefore, if it is requested to increase the response speed, the value of n (> 1) is set to be large according to the degree of the request. After that, when the engagement is maintained, the reference applied current is restored. In this case as well, the current value is set to an appropriate value in accordance with the rotational speed, the inner and outer ring cam structure types.

この発明の回転伝達装置は、ローラによる回転の伝達、遮断を行うローラクラッチ部と、電磁コイルの電磁力によりローラクラッチ部の制御をする電磁クラッチ部とを有し、使用頻度に対応する定格回転数に応じた定格電流を印加し得るように電磁コイルを設け、回転軸の回転速度の大きさに応じて電磁コイルへの通電を可変印加するようにしたから、回転速度に応じた最適の印加電流に設定することにより従来よりさらなる省力化及び電磁コイルのコンパクト化が可能となるという利点が得られる。 The rotation transmission device of the present invention has a roller clutch portion that transmits and blocks rotation by a roller, and an electromagnetic clutch portion that controls the roller clutch portion by electromagnetic force of an electromagnetic coil, and has a rated rotation corresponding to the frequency of use. Since an electromagnetic coil is provided so that a rated current according to the number can be applied, and energization to the electromagnetic coil is variably applied according to the rotational speed of the rotating shaft, the optimum application according to the rotational speed is applied. By setting the current, it is possible to obtain an advantage that further labor saving and miniaturization of the electromagnetic coil can be achieved.

又、この回転伝達装置に対し電磁コイルへの通電を可変印加する可変設定部を備えた制御システムでは、制御部からの制御信号を可変設定部へ送ることにより回転軸の回転速度の大きさに応じた可変印加電流を電磁コイルへ通電でき、回転伝達装置の電力の省力化及び印加電流の可変設定が可能となる。 In addition, in a control system having a variable setting unit that variably applies energization to the electromagnetic coil to the rotation transmission device, the control signal from the control unit is sent to the variable setting unit to increase the rotation speed of the rotating shaft. A variable applied current corresponding to the electromagnetic coil can be applied, and power saving of the rotation transmission device and variable setting of the applied current are possible.

以下、この発明の実施の形態について図面を参照して説明する。図１は第１実施形態の回転伝達装置の主要断面図を示す。又、この実施形態は、内輪の外周面にカム面を有する内輪カム構造の例である。図示のように、回転伝達装置Ｃ₁は、入力軸１ｘの端部の内方部材１１から保持器１２のポケット１７に所定の間隔で周方向に配置された係合子としてのローラ１３を介して外輪１４へ回転を伝達するローラクラッチ部１０（２方向クラッチ）と、このクラッチ部１０のローラ１３による係合、遮断を電磁力により制御する電磁制御手段としての電磁クラッチ部２０とを備えている。電磁クラッチ部２０は、後述するように、アーマチュア２３を電磁コイル２１の電磁力によりロータ２２と摩擦接触又は遮断して保持器１２を内方部材１１に対し回転させ、上記ローラ１３を介して回転の伝達を行えるように設けられている。 Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a main cross-sectional view of the rotation transmission device of the first embodiment. Further, this embodiment is an example of an inner ring cam structure having a cam surface on the outer peripheral surface of the inner ring. As shown in the figure, the rotation transmission device C ₁ is connected to the pockets 17 of the cage 12 from the inner member 11 at the end of the input shaft 1x via rollers 13 as engagement elements arranged in the circumferential direction at predetermined intervals. A roller clutch portion 10 (two-way clutch) that transmits rotation to the outer ring 14 and an electromagnetic clutch portion 20 as electromagnetic control means that controls engagement and disconnection of the clutch portion 10 by the roller 13 by electromagnetic force are provided. . As will be described later, the electromagnetic clutch portion 20 frictionally contacts or cuts off the armature 23 with the rotor 22 by the electromagnetic force of the electromagnetic coil 21, rotates the retainer 12 relative to the inner member 11, and rotates through the roller 13. It is provided so that it can transmit.

ローラクラッチ部１０は、図１に示すように、入力軸１ｘの端の内方部材１１を外輪１４の内径内に同軸状に配置し、入力軸１ｘと出力軸５ｘを含む各部材を軸受２、３、４により相対回転自在に支持し、内方部材１１の外周面にカム面１５を、外輪１４の内径に転走面１６を形成し、その間に保持器１２を配置して形成されている。保持器１２のポケット１７にはカム面１５と同数の複数個、所定の等間隔でローラ１３を配置し、カム面１５と転走面１６とで形成される楔空間にローラ１３を押込むことによりクラッチが係合される。なお、保持器１２は、内方部材１１に対しローラ１３をカム面１５のほぼ中央の中立位置に保持するようにスイッチばね１８を介し回転方向に弾性的に保持されている。 As shown in FIG. 1, the roller clutch portion 10 has an inner member 11 at the end of the input shaft 1x arranged coaxially within the inner diameter of the outer ring 14, and each member including the input shaft 1x and the output shaft 5x is a bearing 2. 3, 4, which are rotatably supported relative to each other, a cam surface 15 is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the inner member 11, a rolling surface 16 is formed on the inner diameter of the outer ring 14, and a cage 12 is disposed therebetween. Yes. In the pocket 17 of the cage 12, a plurality of rollers 13 are arranged at predetermined equal intervals as many as the cam surface 15, and the roller 13 is pushed into a wedge space formed by the cam surface 15 and the rolling surface 16. Due to this, the clutch is engaged. Note that the cage 12 is elastically held in the rotational direction via the switch spring 18 so as to hold the roller 13 at a substantially central position of the cam surface 15 with respect to the inner member 11.

電磁クラッチ部２０は、ローラクラッチ部１０の外輪１４の外側で、かつ互いに隣接して入力軸１ｘ上に設けられており、電磁コイル２１をヨーク２１ａで囲み、図１に示す適宜支持部材Ｓｐにより所定の位置に固定、支持し、この電磁コイル２１を囲んでロータ２２及びロータガイド２２ｇが設けられ、ロータ２２のフランジ面２２ａを挟んで一方に電磁コイル２１、他方にアーマチュア２３が配置されて構成されている。ロータ２２とロータガイド２２ｇは、外輪１４に対しその端面に一体となるよう固定され、ロータ２２は断面視略コ字状で、その中央ボス部２２ｂを軸受３で入力軸１ｘに対し相対回転自在に嵌合、支持されている。なお、Ｌｃは電磁コイルへの給電ラインである。 The electromagnetic clutch portion 20 is provided on the input shaft 1x outside the outer ring 14 of the roller clutch portion 10 and adjacent to each other. The electromagnetic coil 21 is surrounded by a yoke 21a and is appropriately supported by a support member Sp shown in FIG. A rotor 22 and a rotor guide 22g are provided so as to be fixed and supported at a predetermined position and surround the electromagnetic coil 21, and an electromagnetic coil 21 is disposed on one side and an armature 23 is disposed on the other side across a flange surface 22a of the rotor 22. Has been. The rotor 22 and the rotor guide 22g are fixed to the outer ring 14 so as to be integrated with each other, the rotor 22 is substantially U-shaped in cross section, and the central boss portion 22b is rotatable relative to the input shaft 1x with the bearing 3. It is fitted and supported by. Lc is a power supply line to the electromagnetic coil.

アーマチュア２３は、入力軸１ｘの軸方向に移動自在で、かつアーマチュア２３に複数箇所に設けられた図示しない穴に保持器１２の端面に設けた突起部が嵌合し、このため回転に対しては保持器１２と一体に回転するように設けられている。又、このアーマチュア２３と外輪１４の端面との間には前述したスイッチばね１８がローラ１３を中央位置へ戻す中立保持部材として設けられている。スイッチばね１８はリング状の弾性部材が用いられ、内方部材１１の異径段部に設けた溝１１ａ内に収納されており、この溝１１ａの一部（図２（ｂ）では上方）に設けた切欠き１１ｃ及び保持器に位相を一致させて設けた切欠き１２ｃのそれぞれの両端間にスイッチばね１８の両端の角（ツノ）１８ａ、１８ａが挿置されている。 The armature 23 is movable in the axial direction of the input shaft 1x, and projections provided on the end face of the retainer 12 are fitted into holes (not shown) provided in a plurality of locations in the armature 23, and therefore, against rotation. Is provided so as to rotate integrally with the cage 12. Further, between the armature 23 and the end face of the outer ring 14, the above-described switch spring 18 is provided as a neutral holding member for returning the roller 13 to the center position. The switch spring 18 is made of a ring-shaped elastic member, and is housed in a groove 11a provided in the step portion of the inner member 11 having a different diameter. A part of the groove 11a (upward in FIG. 2 (b)). Corners (horns) 18a and 18a at both ends of the switch spring 18 are inserted between both ends of the notch 11c provided and the notch 12c provided in phase with the retainer.

入力軸１ｘの回転により内方部材１１が回転している際に、アーマチュア２３が電磁コイル２１への通電による吸引力でロータ２２のフランジ面２２ａに摩擦係合すると、アーマチュア２３が外輪１４と一体となり、一方では内方部材１１の端の溝１１ａ内のスイッチばね１８の一方の角１８ａを内方部材１１の回転により切欠き１１ｃの端で押しながら内方部材１１のカム面１５のみが保持器１２に対して移動するため、ローラ１３はカム面１５と転走面１６との成す内方部材１１の回転に対し遅れ側となる楔空間の方へ押し込まれ、これにより内方部材１１の回転がローラ１３を介して外輪１４へ伝達され、出力軸５ｘに回転が伝達される。 When the inner member 11 is rotated by the rotation of the input shaft 1x, the armature 23 is integrated with the outer ring 14 when the armature 23 is frictionally engaged with the flange surface 22a of the rotor 22 by the attractive force generated by energizing the electromagnetic coil 21. On the other hand, only one cam surface 15 of the inner member 11 is held while one corner 18a of the switch spring 18 in the groove 11a at the end of the inner member 11 is pushed by the end of the notch 11c by the rotation of the inner member 11. In order to move with respect to the container 12, the roller 13 is pushed toward the wedge space on the delay side with respect to the rotation of the inner member 11 formed by the cam surface 15 and the rolling surface 16. The rotation is transmitted to the outer ring 14 via the roller 13, and the rotation is transmitted to the output shaft 5x.

電磁コイル２１への通電を遮断すると弾性部材である離反ばね２４のばね力でアーマチュア２３がロータ２２から引き離されて摩擦係合が遮断される。このため、アーマチュア２３はロータ２２から離れて保持器１２と一緒に回転するが、スイッチばね１８の弾性により保持器１２をローラ１３がカム面の中央となる元の位相位置へ引き戻し、これによってローラ１３から外輪１４への係合が遮断される。 When the energization of the electromagnetic coil 21 is interrupted, the armature 23 is separated from the rotor 22 by the spring force of the separation spring 24, which is an elastic member, and the frictional engagement is interrupted. For this reason, the armature 23 moves away from the rotor 22 and rotates together with the cage 12. However, the elasticity of the switch spring 18 pulls the cage 12 back to the original phase position where the roller 13 is at the center of the cam surface. The engagement from 13 to the outer ring 14 is cut off.

図３、図４に第２実施形態の回転伝達装置を示す。この回転伝達装置Ｃ₂は、外輪の内周にカム面を有する外輪カム構造の例である。第１実施形態と基本構造は同様であり、従って同じ機能部材には同じ符号を付し、異なる構成について主として説明する。図示のように、この回転伝達装置Ｃ₂は、第１実施形態と同じくローラクラッチ部１０と、電磁クラッチ部２０とを備え、電磁クラッチ部２０はローラクラッチ部１０の外輪の外側で互いに隣接して設けられている。ローラクラッチ部１０は、入力軸１ｘ上の異径段部の最大径部を内方部材１１として有し、その外周面が転走面１５’となり、その外側に同軸かつ相対回転可能に外輪１４が配置され、この外輪１４の内周面にカム面１６’が形成されている。 3 and 4 show the rotation transmission device of the second embodiment. This rotation transmission device C ₂ is an example of an outer ring cam structure having a cam surface on the inner periphery of the outer ring. The basic structure is the same as that of the first embodiment. Accordingly, the same functional members are denoted by the same reference numerals, and different configurations will be mainly described. As shown in the figure, this rotation transmission device C ₂ includes a roller clutch portion 10 and an electromagnetic clutch portion 20 as in the first embodiment, and the electromagnetic clutch portion 20 is adjacent to each other outside the outer ring of the roller clutch portion 10. Is provided. The roller clutch part 10 has the largest diameter part of the different diameter step part on the input shaft 1x as the inner member 11, the outer peripheral surface becomes a rolling surface 15 ', and the outer ring 14 is coaxially and relatively rotatable on the outer side. And a cam surface 16 ′ is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring 14.

そして、内方部材１１と外輪１４との間に保持器１２が配置され、保持器１２のポケット１７にはローラ１３がカム面１６’と同数の複数個、所定の等間隔で挿置され、カム面１６’と転走面１５’とで形成される楔空間の周方向いずれかの側の狭空間にローラ１３を押込むことでクラッチをロックするように構成されている。なお、この例では保持器１２は外輪１４に対し、ローラ１３を互いに隣接するカム面１６’、１６’で形成される凹部のほぼ中央の中立位置に保持して、ローラ１３による内方部材１１と外輪１４との係合を解除する中立保持部材としてのスイッチばね１８を介し回転方向に弾性的に保持されている。 And the retainer 12 is arrange | positioned between the inner member 11 and the outer ring | wheel 14, The roller 13 is inserted in the pocket 17 of the retainer 12 by the same number as the cam surface 16 ', and predetermined equal intervals, The clutch is locked by pushing the roller 13 into a narrow space on either side in the circumferential direction of the wedge space formed by the cam surface 16 ′ and the rolling surface 15 ′. In this example, the retainer 12 holds the roller 13 with respect to the outer ring 14 at a neutral position substantially in the center of the recess formed by the cam surfaces 16 ′ and 16 ′ adjacent to each other. It is elastically held in the rotational direction via a switch spring 18 as a neutral holding member that releases the engagement between the outer ring 14 and the outer ring 14.

保持器１２は、この例では、図３に示すように保持器１２の電磁クラッチ部側寄りの端部位置付近で、保持器１２の内周面に沿ってリング状のスイッチばね１８が設けられ、このリング両端に形成された角１８ａ、１８ａは、位相を一致させて保持器１２と外輪１４に設けられた切欠き１２ｃ、１４ｃのそれぞれの端に沿って挿置されている。又、外輪１４は延長部５を電磁クラッチ部２０と反対側寄りの端に一体に有し、この延長部５の内周で、内方部材１１の転走面１５’に隣接する異径段部との間に設けた軸受２により入力軸１ｘに対し相対回転自在に保持されている。６は外輪１４からの回転を出力する歯車、７は入力軸１ｘへ回転を入力する歯車である。 In this example, the cage 12 is provided with a ring-shaped switch spring 18 along the inner peripheral surface of the cage 12 in the vicinity of the end position near the electromagnetic clutch portion of the cage 12 as shown in FIG. The corners 18a and 18a formed at both ends of the ring are inserted along the respective ends of the notches 12c and 14c provided in the retainer 12 and the outer ring 14 so that the phases coincide with each other. Further, the outer ring 14 integrally has an extension portion 5 at an end on the side opposite to the electromagnetic clutch portion 20, and has a different diameter step adjacent to the rolling surface 15 ′ of the inner member 11 on the inner periphery of the extension portion 5. The bearing 2 is provided between the input shaft 1x and the input shaft 1x. 6 is a gear that outputs rotation from the outer ring 14, and 7 is a gear that inputs rotation to the input shaft 1x.

電磁クラッチ部２０は、入力軸１ｘに対してスリーブ１９及びロータ２２を一体に嵌合し、ロータ２２のフランジ面２２ａを挟むように一方に電磁コイル２１、他方にアーマチュア２３が配置されて構成されている。アーマチュア２３はスリーブ１９に対し摩擦低減部材１９ａを介して相対回転自在に、かつ軸方向への所定の距離範囲内で移動自在に設けられ、その適宜位置に複数箇所設けられた係合穴に保持器１２の端面に設けた突起が挿入されて保持器と一体に回転する。又、アーマチュア２３は、外輪１４の外周に設けた弾性部材である離反ばね２４のばね力で常にローラクラッチ部１０側へ引き付けられている。 The electromagnetic clutch unit 20 is configured by integrally fitting the sleeve 19 and the rotor 22 to the input shaft 1x, and arranging the electromagnetic coil 21 on one side and the armature 23 on the other side so as to sandwich the flange surface 22a of the rotor 22. ing. The armature 23 is provided so as to be rotatable relative to the sleeve 19 via a friction reducing member 19a and movable within a predetermined distance range in the axial direction, and is held in engagement holes provided at a plurality of appropriate positions. A protrusion provided on the end face of the vessel 12 is inserted and rotates integrally with the cage. Further, the armature 23 is always attracted to the roller clutch portion 10 side by the spring force of the separation spring 24 that is an elastic member provided on the outer periphery of the outer ring 14.

電磁コイル２１に通電すると、アーマチュア２３は保持器１２に対し軸方向のみ可動に嵌合しているため、ロータ２２のフランジ面２２ａと摩擦接触する。ロータ２２は入力軸１ｘと一体に嵌合しており、一方アーマチュア２３は保持器１２に対し回転不能に嵌合しているため、入力軸１ｘの回転により保持器１２は外輪１４に対するスイッチばね１８の弾性保持力に抗してローラ１３を楔空間のいずれかの狭空間に押込むように作動し、その結果内方部材１１の回転力が外輪１４へ伝達される。電磁コイル２１への通電が遮断されるとアーマチュア２３のロータ２２への係合が解かれ、スイッチばね１８の弾性力で保持器１２を中立位置へ戻し、ローラ１３による内方部材１１と外輪１４との係合が解除される。 When the electromagnetic coil 21 is energized, the armature 23 is movably fitted to the cage 12 only in the axial direction, and thus makes frictional contact with the flange surface 22 a of the rotor 22. Since the rotor 22 is integrally fitted with the input shaft 1x, while the armature 23 is non-rotatably fitted to the cage 12, the cage 12 is switched to the outer ring 14 by the rotation of the input shaft 1x. The roller 13 is actuated to be pushed into any narrow space of the wedge space against the elastic holding force, and as a result, the rotational force of the inner member 11 is transmitted to the outer ring 14. When the energization of the electromagnetic coil 21 is interrupted, the armature 23 is disengaged from the rotor 22, the cage 12 is returned to the neutral position by the elastic force of the switch spring 18, and the inner member 11 and the outer ring 14 by the roller 13 are returned. Is disengaged.

以上で内輪カム構造と外輪カム構造の回転伝達装置（以下それぞれを内輪カム構造タイプ、外輪カム構造タイプと略称する）の基本構成及び作用について説明したが、ローラ１３によるクラッチの切替（係合）作用においてローラ１３が受ける力の方向が内輪カム構造タイプと外輪カム構造タイプとでは互いに反対方向となる。そこで、それぞれの場合の電流値を最適に可変設定可能とすることにより従来のＰＷＭ制御による電力の省力化よりさらなる省力化を図り、かつクラッチ応答性の向上を図ることができる回転伝達装置の制御回路を図５に示す。 The basic configuration and operation of the rotation transmission device of the inner ring cam structure and the outer ring cam structure (hereinafter abbreviated as the inner ring cam structure type and the outer ring cam structure type) have been described above. In the operation, the direction of the force received by the roller 13 is opposite in the inner ring cam structure type and the outer ring cam structure type. Therefore, by making the current value in each case optimally variable, it is possible to further reduce the power than the conventional power saving by PWM control, and to control the rotation transmission device that can improve the clutch response The circuit is shown in FIG.

図示のように、回転伝達装置用の制御回路は、マイクロコンピュータを用いた制御部（ＥＣＵ）３０へ入力軸１ｘ、出力軸５ｘに取付けた回転センサ３４ａ、３４ｂからそれぞれの回転数を表わす測定信号が送られ、制御部３０内で検出された回転数の検出信号に基づく制御信号により、車両のバッテリ電源３０_Bから電磁コイル２１へ通電する状態を、可変設定部３２、あるいはＰＷＭ変調部３３を介して制御するように構成されている。上記制御信号は可変設定部３２、あるいはＰＷＭ変調部３３へ送られ、可変設定部３２は後述するように入力軸１ｘ、出力軸５ｘの回転数の大、小に応じて係合過程における電流値を最適に設定して電磁コイル２１へ通電し、ＰＷＭ変調部３３は電磁クラッチ部２０が係合した後、その係合を保持する際に電磁コイル２１への電流をＰＷＭ制御により間欠的に流して通電するように設けられている。３１は後述するモード切換スイッチ３５のオン、オフを指示する入力スイッチである。 As shown in the figure, the control circuit for the rotation transmission device sends a measurement signal representing the number of rotations from the rotation sensors 34a and 34b attached to the input shaft 1x and the output shaft 5x to the control unit (ECU) 30 using a microcomputer. In response to a control signal based on the rotation speed detection signal detected in the control unit 30, the state of energizing the electromagnetic coil 21 from the battery power source 30 _B of the vehicle is changed to the variable setting unit 32 or the PWM modulation unit 33. It is comprised so that it may control via. The control signal is sent to the variable setting unit 32 or the PWM modulation unit 33, and the variable setting unit 32 determines the current value in the engagement process according to the rotation speed of the input shaft 1x and the output shaft 5x as described later. Is optimally set, and the electromagnetic coil 21 is energized. After the electromagnetic clutch unit 20 is engaged, the PWM modulation unit 33 causes the current to the electromagnetic coil 21 to flow intermittently by PWM control when the engagement is maintained. It is provided to energize. Reference numeral 31 denotes an input switch for instructing on / off of a mode changeover switch 35 described later.

上記の構成とした制御回路により電磁クラッチ２０の係合過程における係合制御が回転伝達装置の各タイプ毎に次のように行なわれる。まず、図１の内輪カム構造タイプでは、カム面１５の回転数が大きい場合、ローラ１３が遠心力により半径方向の外側に押し出され、外輪１４の転走面１６と接触する。そして、その遠心力が比較的大きいと、接触面間の摩擦抵抗によりローラ１３がカム面１５に対して回転方向に位相遅れを生じる方向に力を受ける。即ち、クラッチの切替え（係合）を補助（又は助勢）する方向に力が作用する。 Engagement control in the engagement process of the electromagnetic clutch 20 is performed for each type of rotation transmission device by the control circuit configured as described above as follows. First, in the inner ring cam structure type of FIG. 1, when the rotational speed of the cam surface 15 is large, the roller 13 is pushed outward in the radial direction by centrifugal force and contacts the rolling surface 16 of the outer ring 14. When the centrifugal force is relatively large, the roller 13 receives a force in a direction that causes a phase delay in the rotational direction with respect to the cam surface 15 due to the frictional resistance between the contact surfaces. That is, a force acts in a direction to assist (or assist) the switching (engagement) of the clutch.

一方、図３の外輪カム構造タイプでは、カム面１６’を有する外輪１４の回転数が大きい場合、ローラ１３が遠心力により半径方向外側に押出されるのは内輪カム構造と同様であるが、隣接するカム面１６’、１６’で形成される凹部にローラ１３が嵌まり込む状態となる。その状態からローラ１３をカム面１６’と内方部材１１の転走面１５’との間に形成される楔空間のいずれかの狭空間に押込むためには、遠心力及びカム面１６’の摩擦抵抗に抗してローラ１３がカム面１６’に対して回転方向に位相ずれを生じる方向に力を与えなければならない。即ち、クラッチの切替え（係合）を阻害する方向に力が作用する。 On the other hand, in the outer ring cam structure type of FIG. 3, when the rotation speed of the outer ring 14 having the cam surface 16 ′ is large, the roller 13 is pushed radially outward by centrifugal force, as in the inner ring cam structure. The roller 13 is fitted into a recess formed by the adjacent cam surfaces 16 ′, 16 ′. In order to push the roller 13 into any narrow space of the wedge space formed between the cam surface 16 ′ and the rolling surface 15 ′ of the inner member 11 from that state, centrifugal force and friction of the cam surface 16 ′ are required. A force must be applied in the direction in which the roller 13 causes a phase shift in the rotational direction with respect to the cam surface 16 ′ against resistance. That is, a force acts in a direction that hinders clutch switching (engagement).

以上のように、内輪カム構造タイプと外輪カム構造タイプとでは、内方部材１１又は外輪１４の回転数が大きくなると、ローラを介するクラッチ切替え（係合）に対する作用が相違する。そこで、まず内輪カム構造タイプの場合に、可変設定部３２を介して可変設定される内方部材１１の回転数Ｎと電磁コイル２１への印加電流Ｉの関係を図６に、このように可変設定される印加電流Ｉに基づくロータ２２とアーマチュア２３間のクリアランスδとクラッチ切替え（係合）に必要な電磁石の吸引力Ｆとの関係を、回転数Ｎｘ、Ｎ_Y、Ｎｚをパラメータとして図７にそれぞれ示す。但し、カム面を有する内方部材１１は図中ではカムリングという用語で示しており、以下でもカムリングという用語で説明する。又、図６における回転数Ｎ₀、印加電流Ｉ₀は定格状態での値を示しており、これについては後で説明する。 As described above, the inner ring cam structure type and the outer ring cam structure type have different effects on the clutch switching (engagement) via the roller when the rotational speed of the inner member 11 or the outer ring 14 is increased. Therefore, first, in the case of the inner ring cam structure type, the relationship between the rotational speed N of the inner member 11 variably set via the variable setting portion 32 and the applied current I to the electromagnetic coil 21 is variable as shown in FIG. FIG. 7 shows the relationship between the clearance δ between the rotor 22 and the armature 23 based on the set applied current I and the attractive force F of the electromagnet necessary for clutch switching (engagement) with the rotational speeds Nx, N _Y and Nz as parameters. Respectively. However, the inner member 11 having a cam surface is indicated by the term cam ring in the drawing, and will be described below by the term cam ring. Further, the rotational speed N ₀ and the applied current I ₀ in FIG. 6 indicate values in the rated state, which will be described later.

図６に示すように、内輪カム構造タイプではクラッチ係合時の電磁コイル２１への印加電流Ｉは、ローラ１３と外輪１４との摩擦抵抗による補助作用があるため、カムリングの回転数Ｎが高くなるに従って、クラッチ切替え（係合）のための電磁石の吸引力Ｆの大きさに対する電磁コイル２１への印加電流を小さくすることができる。又、図７に示すように、クリアランスδが比較的大きいときは、ロータ２２とアーマチュア２３とを離反する離反ばね２４の弾性力以上に電磁石吸引力Ｆを発生しなければならないのはどの回転数域にあっても同様であるが、クリアランスδ＝０、即ちロータ２２とアーマチュア２３とが吸着したときは、カムリングの回転数がＮｚ→Ｎ_Y→Ｎｘと変化した場合（Ｎｘ＞Ｎ_Y＞Ｎｚ）、図示のように、回転数Ｎが大きい領域ほど必要な吸引力Ｆは小さくてよいから、印加電流Ｉも小さくてよいこととなる。従って、電磁クラッチ２０が係合した後の係合保持状態では、回転数Ｎが大きい領域ほど保持のための電流は小さく設定される。 As shown in FIG. 6, in the inner ring cam structure type, the applied current I to the electromagnetic coil 21 when the clutch is engaged has an auxiliary action due to the frictional resistance between the roller 13 and the outer ring 14, and therefore the cam ring rotation speed N is high. Accordingly, the applied current to the electromagnetic coil 21 with respect to the magnitude of the attractive force F of the electromagnet for clutch switching (engagement) can be reduced. Further, as shown in FIG. 7, when the clearance δ is relatively large, the number of rotations at which the electromagnet attractive force F must be generated more than the elastic force of the separating spring 24 that separates the rotor 22 and the armature 23 from each other. However, when the clearance δ = 0, that is, when the rotor 22 and the armature 23 are attracted, the rotation speed of the cam ring changes from Nz → N _Y → Nx (Nx> N _Y > Nz As shown in the figure, since the necessary attraction force F may be smaller in the region where the rotational speed N is larger, the applied current I may be smaller. Accordingly, in the engagement holding state after the electromagnetic clutch 20 is engaged, the holding current is set to be smaller in the region where the rotation speed N is larger.

次に、外輪カム構造タイプの場合の図６、図７に相当する図を図８、図９に示す。但し、図８では横軸をカムリングに代えて外輪の回転数Ｎとしている。図８に示すように、外輪１４の回転数が高くなるに従って、ローラ１３に負荷される遠心力が大きくなり、クラッチ係合前には隣接するカム面１６’で形成される凹部へローラ１３が嵌まり込んだ状態となるため、クラッチ係合のための吸引力、即ち電磁コイル２１への印加電流Ｉは大きくなる。又、図９に示すように、クリアランスδが比較的大きいときは、ロータ２２とアーマチュア２３とを離反する離反ばね２４（この例では引きばね）の弾性力以上に吸引力を発生しなければならないのはどの回転数域でも同様であるが、クリアランスδ＝０、即ちロータ２２とアーマチュア２３とが吸着したときには外輪１４の回転数Ｎが大きい領域ほど必要な吸引力Ｆは大きくなり、印加電流Ｉも大きくなる。 Next, FIGS. 8 and 9 show views corresponding to FIGS. 6 and 7 in the case of the outer ring cam structure type. However, in FIG. 8, the abscissa is replaced with the cam ring, and the rotational speed N of the outer ring is used. As shown in FIG. 8, as the rotational speed of the outer ring 14 increases, the centrifugal force applied to the roller 13 increases, and the roller 13 is moved to the recess formed by the adjacent cam surface 16 'before the clutch is engaged. Since it is in the fitted state, the attractive force for clutch engagement, that is, the applied current I to the electromagnetic coil 21 increases. Also, as shown in FIG. 9, when the clearance δ is relatively large, a suction force must be generated that is greater than the elastic force of the separation spring 24 (in this example, the tension spring) that separates the rotor 22 and the armature 23. However, the clearance δ = 0, that is, when the rotor 22 and the armature 23 are attracted to each other, the region where the outer ring 14 has a higher rotation speed N has a larger attractive force F, and the applied current I Also grows.

以上のように、内輪カム構造タイプ、外輪カム構造タイプのいずれの場合であれ、それぞれの場合の電磁コイル２１への印加電流Ｉを可変設定部３２を介して回転領域に応じて必要な最小限の値に可変設定すれば、最適な電流制御が可能となる。この場合、特許文献１による従来のＰＷＭ制御では、回転数とは無関係にアーマチュア摩擦トルクがスイッチばねトルクを上回るように電磁コイルへの印加電流をＰＷＭ制御することを示している。従って回転数Ｎが内方部材又は外輪の予想される最大回転数を基準としてその最大電流値でＰＷＭ制御をしていることとなる。 As described above, in any case of the inner ring cam structure type and the outer ring cam structure type, the applied current I to the electromagnetic coil 21 in each case is the minimum necessary according to the rotation region via the variable setting unit 32. If this value is variably set, optimal current control can be achieved. In this case, the conventional PWM control according to Patent Document 1 shows that the applied current to the electromagnetic coil is PWM controlled so that the armature friction torque exceeds the switch spring torque regardless of the rotational speed. Therefore, the rotation speed N is PWM controlled with the maximum current value based on the expected maximum rotation speed of the inner member or the outer ring.

これに対して、上述したこの実施形態では内輪カム構造タイプ、外輪カム構造タイプの形式に応じてそれぞれの回転数Ｎに対応して電磁コイル２１への印加電流Ｉを可変制御するようにしたから、運転条件によって従来は過剰となっていた回転領域での電流を最適化でき、従って従来の制御に比してさらなる省力化及び電磁コイル２１のコンパクト化を図ることができることとなる。なお、回転数Ｎに応じて電流制御をするため、入力軸１ｘ、出力軸５ｘ上に設けた回転センサ３４ａ、３４ｂからの信号をそれぞれ制御部３０へ入力して回転領域を検知し、その情報に基づいて上述した電流制御が行なわれる。 On the other hand, in this embodiment described above, the applied current I to the electromagnetic coil 21 is variably controlled corresponding to the respective rotational speeds N according to the types of the inner ring cam structure type and the outer ring cam structure type. The current in the rotation region that has been excessive in the past can be optimized depending on the operating conditions, and therefore, further labor saving and downsizing of the electromagnetic coil 21 can be achieved as compared with the conventional control. In order to control the current according to the rotation speed N, signals from the rotation sensors 34a and 34b provided on the input shaft 1x and the output shaft 5x are input to the control unit 30 to detect the rotation region, and the information Based on the above, the above-described current control is performed.

上記いずれのタイプの場合であれ、上述したクラッチ係合を制御する方法は、同時にクラッチ応答性向上の制御方法となるのが好ましい。クラッチ応答性向上のためには、まずクラッチが係合（ロック）に移行する過程として（１）電磁コイル２１へ電流を印加し、（２）相対的にクリアランスδを有しているロータ２２とアーマチュア２３とが引き付けられ、（３）両者が接触することによりローラ１３を内方部材１１と外輪１４の間で楔空間のいずれかの狭空間に押し込むための回転トルクが得られるが、この過程において応答性向上のためには（１）〜（３）の各過程の所要時間を短縮する必要がある。 In any case, the above-described method for controlling the clutch engagement is preferably a control method for improving the clutch response. In order to improve the response of the clutch, first, as a process of shifting the clutch to engagement (lock), (1) an electric current is applied to the electromagnetic coil 21, and (2) the rotor 22 having a relative clearance δ The armature 23 is attracted, and (3) a rotational torque for pushing the roller 13 into any narrow space of the wedge space between the inner member 11 and the outer ring 14 is obtained by contacting both of them. In order to improve responsiveness, it is necessary to shorten the time required for each step (1) to (3).

そこで、図１０、図１１に（１）、（２）項の時間短縮を行う制御方法をグラフで示す。図１０では、印加電流Ｉと回転数Ｎと時間ｔの関係を３次元的に表示し、図１１は図１０の任意の回転数のうち、例えば定格回転数Ｎ₀で見た印加電流Ｉ₀と時間ｔ₀の関係を２次元的に表示したグラフである。但し、図示の例は外輪カム構造タイプの場合を示す。 Therefore, FIG. 10 and FIG. 11 are graphs showing a control method for reducing the time of the items (1) and (2). In FIG. 10, the relationship between the applied current I, the rotational speed N, and the time t is three-dimensionally displayed. FIG. 11 shows the applied current I ₀ viewed at, for example, the rated rotational speed N ₀ among the arbitrary rotational speeds in FIG. And a time t ₀ are two-dimensionally displayed graphs. However, the illustrated example shows the case of the outer ring cam structure type.

又、図示のクラッチ応答性向上のための制御は、上述したクラッチ係合（ロック）時の印加電流の可変制御を前提として行なわれる。このクラッチ応答性向上制御は、例えば軸の回転数Ｎが現在定格回転数Ｎ₀で回転しているとすると、電磁コイル２１への通電開始から係合（ロック）するまでの時間ｔ₀の間に定格回転数Ｎ₀に対応して必要とされる基準電流Ｉ₀のｎ倍、但しｎ＞１、大きい電流ｎＩ₀を可変設定部３２により電磁コイル２１へ流し、係合（ロック）の後（ｔ₀以後）は基準電流Ｉ₀に減少させるように制御し、回転数Ｎが定格回転数Ｎ₀以外の任意の回転数Ｎの場合も同じ関係となるように行なわれる制御である。図１０は、上記制御状態を任意の回転数Ｎの領域に広げた状態を示している。 The illustrated control for improving the clutch response is performed on the premise of the above-described variable control of the applied current during clutch engagement (lock). In this clutch response improvement control, for example, if the rotational speed N of the shaft is currently rotating at the rated rotational speed N ₀ , during the time t ₀ from the start of energization to the electromagnetic coil 21 to the engagement (lock). N times the reference current I ₀ required corresponding to the rated rotational speed N ₀ , where n> 1, a large current nI ₀ is caused to flow to the electromagnetic coil 21 by the variable setting section 32, and after engagement (lock) (After t ₀ ) is a control performed so as to decrease to the reference current I ₀ , and the control is performed so that the same relationship is obtained when the rotation speed N is an arbitrary rotation speed N other than the rated rotation speed N ₀ . FIG. 10 shows a state in which the control state is expanded to an arbitrary rotation speed N region.

なお、電磁クラッチ２０が係合（ロック）完了したかについては、回転センサ３４ａ、３４ｂの検出信号を制御部３０において比較し、両方の信号が一致又はほぼ一致（所定範囲内）すれば係合完了したものとして印加電流ｎＩ₀を可変設定部３２によりＩ₀に減少させればよい。又、印加電流をＩ₀に減少させた後はＰＷＭ変調部３３によりＰＷＭ制御とし、電流を間欠的に流すようにしてもよい。 Whether the electromagnetic clutch 20 has been engaged (locked) is detected by comparing the detection signals of the rotation sensors 34a and 34b in the control unit 30, and is engaged if both signals match or substantially match (within a predetermined range). The applied current nI ₀ may be reduced to I ₀ by the variable setting unit 32 as being completed. Further, after the applied current is reduced to I ₀ , PWM control may be performed by the PWM modulation unit 33 so that the current flows intermittently.

ところで、上記定格回転数Ｎ₀は、次のような状態を考慮して決定され、かつこの定格状態に対する電流値Ｉ₀に適合するように電磁コイル２１のサイズが決定され、これにより電磁コイル２１のコンパクト化が可能となる。図１２に示すように、例えば回転伝達装置として外輪カム構造タイプのクラッチを車両の動力伝達経路上に設けた場合、その回転数Ｎとクラッチとしての使用頻度（オン、オフの繰返し回数）との関係は統計的な使用回転数の範囲内で最大値を有すが、同図は車速の最高速度と最低速度の中間より少し低速側に寄った速度での所定の回転数Ｎ₀で使用頻度が最大となる状態を例示したものである。そこで、図中の使用頻度が最大となる回転数Ｎ₀、又はその一定範囲内（数％以内）の回転数を定格状態とし、この定格状態で電磁コイルのサイズを決定する。 By the way, the rated rotational speed N ₀ is determined in consideration of the following state, and the size of the electromagnetic coil 21 is determined so as to match the current value I ₀ with respect to the rated state. Can be made compact. As shown in FIG. 12, for example, when an outer ring cam structure type clutch is provided as a rotation transmission device on the power transmission path of the vehicle, the rotation number N and the frequency of use as the clutch (number of repetitions of ON and OFF) The relationship has a maximum value within the range of statistically used rotational speeds, but the figure shows the usage frequency at a predetermined rotational speed N ₀ at a speed slightly closer to the lower speed side than the middle of the maximum speed and the minimum speed of the vehicle speed. This is an example of a state where the maximum is. Accordingly, the rotational speed N _{0 at} which the frequency of use is maximized in the figure, or the rotational speed within a certain range (within several%) is set as the rated state, and the size of the electromagnetic coil is determined in this rated state.

製品の適用箇所は、低回転領域もあれば高回転領域もある。従って、それぞれの製品の適用箇所に応じて最適な定格状態を設定して電流コイルのサイズは決定される。しかし、実際の使用状態では、図１０に示すように、定格回転数Ｎ₀より低い又は高い領域でもクラッチ係合が行なわれる。従って、定格回転数Ｎ₀以上では比較的大きな電流が通電されることとなるが、使用頻度が低くなる、あるいは極端に低くなる場合もあり、電磁コイルの寿命、耐久性に影響を及ぼすことはないと考えられる。即ち、使用頻度を加味した上でのサイズ決定に基づいているため、適切な使用方法となる。 The product is applied at a low rotation area and a high rotation area. Accordingly, the size of the current coil is determined by setting an optimum rated state according to the application location of each product. However, in the actual use state, as shown in FIG. 10, the clutch is engaged even in a region lower or higher than the rated speed N ₀ . Therefore, a relatively large current is applied at the rated rotational speed N ₀ or more, but the frequency of use may be low or extremely low, which may affect the life and durability of the electromagnetic coil. It is not considered. That is, since it is based on the size determination in consideration of the usage frequency, it is an appropriate usage method.

上記定格状態の設定、電磁コイルのサイズ決定を前提として行なわれるクラッチ応答性向上を含む制御では、完全係合となる時間ｔ_Nまでの電流値は、係合した後に必要な保持電流Ｉ_Nのｎ倍大きい電流を電磁コイル２１に通電するように制御が行なわれる。但し、ｎ＞１である。この場合、保持電流Ｉ_Nはクラッチ係合をする瞬間のそれぞれの内方部材１１、又は外輪１４の回転数Ｎにおける係合後の保持電流であり、実際の回転数Ｎの変化に応じて変化する。 In the control including the clutch state responsiveness improvement performed on the assumption that the rated state is set and the size of the electromagnetic coil is determined, the current value up to the time t _N when the engagement is complete is equal to the holding current I _N required after the engagement. Control is performed such that a current n times larger is supplied to the electromagnetic coil 21. However, n> 1. In this case, the holding current I _N is the holding current after engagement at the rotational speed N of each inner member 11 or outer ring 14 at the moment of clutch engagement, and changes according to the actual change in the rotational speed N. To do.

図１３に給電ラインＬｃに電磁コイル２１のモード切換スイッチ３５を設けたモード切換回路の模式図を示す。このモード切換回路は、前述したように、低温時の係合における誤係合の可能性に対する制約なく必要な熱量を発生するヒータとしても使用できるようにするためのものである。（ａ）図はヒータモード、（ｂ）図は駆動モードでの電磁コイル２１の使用状態を示す。このモード切換回路は、電磁コイル２１を、そのコイル中央位置に中央接続ラインＬcnを設けて２１ｘと２１_Yの２つに分割し、モード切換スイッチ３５によりヒータモードと駆動モードを切換え自在とし、かつ誤係合の可能性が生じないようにしている。 FIG. 13 shows a schematic diagram of a mode switching circuit in which the mode switching switch 35 of the electromagnetic coil 21 is provided on the power supply line Lc. As described above, this mode switching circuit is intended to be used as a heater that generates a necessary amount of heat without restriction on the possibility of erroneous engagement in engagement at low temperatures. (A) The figure shows the use state of the electromagnetic coil 21 in the heater mode, and (b) the figure in the drive mode. This mode switching circuit, an electromagnetic coil 21 is divided into a central connection line Lcn 2 two 21x and 21 _Y provided on the coil center, and freely switch the driving mode and the heater mode by the mode change-over switch 35, and The possibility of erroneous engagement does not occur.

モード切換スイッチ３５は、給電ラインＬｃの＋側及び中央位置に接続される接続ラインＬc+、Ｌcnに対し連動式の２つのスイッチ３５ａ、３５ｂを有する。接続ラインＬc+は２つのスイッチ３５ａ、３５ｂのいずれかに接続し得るように２つに分岐して設けられている。Ｌc-は接続ラインのアース側である。なお、２つのスイッチ３５ａ、３５ｂは少なくとも可変設定部３２の下流に設け、図示省略しているが、ＰＷＭ変調部３３を設ける場合は、さらにその下流側となる位置に設けるのが好ましい。又、２つのスイッチ３５ａ、３５ｂは、図示省略しているが、制御部３０から制御信号を送り必要に応じてモード切換えができるようになっている。３０_Bは車両用バッテリ電源である。 The mode changeover switch 35 has two switches 35a and 35b that are interlocked with the connection lines Lc + and Lcn connected to the + side and the center position of the power supply line Lc. The connection line Lc + is branched into two so as to be connected to either of the two switches 35a and 35b. Lc- is the ground side of the connection line. The two switches 35a and 35b are provided at least downstream of the variable setting unit 32 and are not shown. However, when the PWM modulation unit 33 is provided, it is preferably provided further downstream. Although the two switches 35a and 35b are not shown in the drawing, a control signal is sent from the control unit 30 so that the mode can be switched as required. 30 _B is a vehicle battery power source.

このようなモード切換回路に対し、車両の低温始動時等に（ａ）図のヒータモードを選択したとすると、電源３０_Bからの電流は、モード切換スイッチ３５のスイッチ３５ａがＬc+、３５ｂがＬcnに接続されているため、２つのコイル２１ｘと２１_Yに２分されて流れ、このため各コイル２１ｘ、２１_Yで発生する磁束φｘ、φ_Yは互いに逆向きとなり、互いに打消し合うように発生する。従って、電磁コイル２１に吸引力は発生しない。しかし、各コイル２１ｘ、２１_Yには通電されるから各コイルは発熱しヒータとして作用する。一方、（ｂ）図の駆動モードを選択すると、スイッチ３５ａは接続ラインＬc+から切離され、スイッチ３５ｂが接続ラインＬc+に接続され（中央接続ラインＬcnは切離し）、２つの電磁コイル２１ｘ、２１_Yは１つの電磁コイル２１として作動し、磁束φが発生する。この磁束φにより吸引力が発生する。 For such a mode switching circuit, if the heater mode shown in FIG. 5A is selected at the time of starting the vehicle at a low temperature or the like, the current from the power source 30 _B is Lc + for the mode changeover switch 35 and Lcn for the switch 35b. because it is connected to, is 2 minutes to two coils 21x and 21 _Y flows, Thus each coil 21x, 21 _Y in flux generated by .phi.x, phi _Y becomes opposite to each other, occurs as cancel each other To do. Accordingly, no attractive force is generated in the electromagnetic coil 21. However, each coil from being energized to the coils 21x, 21 _Y acts as a heating and heater. On the other hand, when the driving mode shown in FIG. 5B is selected, the switch 35a is disconnected from the connection line Lc +, the switch 35b is connected to the connection line Lc + (the central connection line Lcn is disconnected), and the two electromagnetic coils 21x, 21 _{Y are connected.} Operates as one electromagnetic coil 21 and generates a magnetic flux φ. An attractive force is generated by this magnetic flux φ.

以上のようなモード切換回路を電磁コイル２１への給電ラインＬｃ上に設けることにより低温始動時に、ヒータモードと駆動モードを切換え、低温時の粘性抵抗を瞬時に低減して電磁クラッチ部２０を正常に作動させることが可能となる。 By providing the mode switching circuit as described above on the power supply line Lc to the electromagnetic coil 21, the heater mode and the drive mode are switched at the low temperature start, and the viscous resistance at the low temperature is instantaneously reduced to make the electromagnetic clutch unit 20 normal. Can be activated.

この発明の回転伝達装置は、係合時の電力のさらなる省力化を図ることができるため、ローラクラッチの係合、遮断を電磁力で制御する形式の回転伝達装置に広く利用することができる。 Since the rotation transmission device of the present invention can further reduce the power consumption during engagement, the rotation transmission device can be widely used in a rotation transmission device of a type that controls the engagement and disconnection of the roller clutch with an electromagnetic force.

第１実施形態の内輪カム構造タイプの回転伝達装置の主要断面図Main sectional view of rotation transmission device of inner ring cam structure type of first embodiment 図１の（ａ）矢視IIａ−IIａの断面図、（ｂ）矢視IIｂ−IIｂの断面図1A is a cross-sectional view taken along arrow IIa-IIa, and FIG. 1B is a cross-sectional view taken along arrow IIb-IIb. 第２実施形態の外輪カム構造タイプの回転伝達装置の主要断面図Main sectional view of rotation transmission device of outer ring cam structure type of second embodiment 図３の矢視IV−IVの断面図Cross-sectional view of view IV-IV in FIG. 回転伝達装置の制御回路の概略ブロック図Schematic block diagram of control circuit of rotation transmission device 第１実施形態の回転伝達装置の制御方法による作用の説明図（内輪カム構造タイプのカムリング回転数と電磁コイルへの印加電流値の変化）Explanatory drawing of the effect | action by the control method of the rotation transmission apparatus of 1st Embodiment (Change of the applied current value to the cam ring rotational speed of an inner ring cam structure type and an electromagnetic coil) 第１実施形態の回転伝達装置の制御方法による作用（内輪カム構造タイプのカムリング回転数Ｎ_X、Ｎ_Y、Ｎ_Zをパラメータとするロータ、アーマチュア間クリアランスとクラッチ係合に必要な吸引力の変化）の説明図Effects of the control method of the rotation transmission device of the first embodiment (changes in the clearance between the rotor and armature and the attractive force required for clutch engagement with the cam ring rotational speeds N _X , N _Y , and N _Z of the inner ring cam structure type as parameters. ) 第２実施形態の回転伝達装置の制御方法による作用（外輪カム構造タイプの外輪の回転数と電磁コイルへの印加電流値の変化）の説明図Explanatory drawing of the effect | action (change of the rotation speed of the outer ring of an outer ring cam structure type, and the applied current value to an electromagnetic coil) by the control method of the rotation transmission apparatus of 2nd Embodiment. 第２実施形態の回転伝達装置の制御方法による作用（外輪カム構造タイプの外輪の回転数Ｎ_X、Ｎ_Y、Ｎ_Zをパラメータとするロータ、アーマチュア間クリアランスとクラッチ係合に必要な吸引力の変化）の説明図Operation by the control method of the rotation transmission device of the second embodiment (outer ring cam structure type outer ring rotation speed N _X , N _Y , N _Z of the rotor and armature clearance as parameters and suction force required for clutch engagement Illustration of change 第２実施形態の回転伝達装置の制御方法による作用（外輪カム構造タイプの外輪の回転数Ｎと電流と時間の変化）の説明図Explanatory drawing of the effect | action (change in the rotation speed N of an outer ring | wheel of an outer ring cam structure type, an electric current, and time) by the control method of the rotation transmission apparatus of 2nd Embodiment. 図１０の定格回転数Ｎ₀での制御方法による作用（外輪カム構造タイプの外輪の回転数Ｎと電流と時間の変化）の説明図Illustration of the action (the rotational speed N of the current and time change of the outer ring cam structure type of the outer ring) by the control method of the rated rotational speed N ₀ in FIG. 10 クラッチ使用頻度と回転数の変化の説明図Illustration of changes in clutch usage frequency and rotation speed 電磁コイルのモード切換回路の模式図Schematic diagram of electromagnetic coil mode switching circuit

Explanation of symbols

１ｘ入力軸
２、３、４軸受
５ｘ出力軸
１０ローラクラッチ部
１１内方部材
１２保持器
１３ローラ
１４外輪
１５カム面
１６転走面
１７ポケット
１８スイッチばね
２０電磁クラッチ部
２１電磁コイル
２２ロータ
２３アーマチュア
２４弾性部材
３０制御部
３１入力スイッチ
３２可変設定部
３３ＰＷＭ変調部
３４ａ、３４ｂ回転センサ 1x Input shaft 2, 3, 4 Bearing 5x Output shaft 10 Roller clutch portion 11 Inner member 12 Cage 13 Roller 14 Outer ring 15 Cam surface 16 Rolling surface 17 Pocket 18 Switch spring 20 Electromagnetic clutch portion 21 Electromagnetic coil 22 Rotor 23 Armature 24 elastic member 30 control unit 31 input switch 32 variable setting unit 33 PWM modulation unit 34a, 34b rotation sensor

Claims

A roller clutch unit that incorporates a roller as an engagement member between the inner member and the outer ring to transmit and block rotation of the rotation shaft, and the engagement and blocking of the roller clutch unit are controlled by the electromagnetic force of the electromagnetic coil. An electromagnetic clutch unit, and an electromagnetic coil is provided so that the rated frequency is the rotation of the rotating shaft with the maximum use frequency or within a predetermined range, and a rated current corresponding to this is applied at the time of engagement. The electromagnetic coil is variably applied according to the rotational speed of the inner member or outer ring, and can be engaged by an applied current that matches the rotational speed, and the electromagnetic coil is connected to the coil center position. Connect the line and divide it into two parts, drive the coil at both ends to generate an attractive force, and apply a reverse current to the two coils by supplying power from the connection line at the center of the coil. Occur Rotation transmitting device, characterized in that the magnetic flux is switched to freely form to one of the heater mode cancel each other.

The roller clutch portion includes a plurality of inner members on the rotating shaft, an outer ring coaxially fitted and arranged on the outer periphery thereof, and either the outer peripheral surface of the inner member or the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring. The cam surface is formed with a rolling surface on the other side, a cage is arranged between the two circumferential surfaces, and a pocket formed on the circumferential surface of the cage is provided with the same number of rollers as the cam surface, and the electromagnetic clutch unit has a transfer surface. A rotor attached to a member formed with an electromagnetic coil on one side of the rotor and an armature on the other side, and the armature interposes an elastic member that separates both members between the rotor and the cage. On the other hand, a neutral holding member, which is provided so as to be movable in the axial direction integrally with the rotation direction and which releases the clutch engagement by the roller and holds the neutral position, is connected between the cage and the member forming the cam surface. The rotation transmission according to claim 1, Location.

A roller clutch part that incorporates a roller as an engagement element between the inner member and the outer ring to transmit and shut off the rotation of the rotating shaft, and to engage and shut off the roller clutch part is controlled by the electromagnetic force of the electromagnetic coil. A rotation transmission device having an electromagnetic clutch portion; and a variable setting portion that variably applies energization to the electromagnetic coil in accordance with the rotational speed of the inner member or the outer ring in the engagement process of the clutch. In the combination process, a current n times larger than the reference value of the current necessary for holding the engagement after locking, where n> 1, is applied to the electromagnetic coil and set to the reference current value after locking, and the reference value and its n A control system for a rotation transmission device, comprising: a variable setting unit that variably sets a double current according to the magnitude of relative speed.

4. The rotation transmission device control system according to claim 3, wherein after the electromagnetic clutch is engaged, a current to the electromagnetic coil is intermittently supplied in accordance with the magnitude of the relative speed .

The electromagnetic coil is divided by connecting a connection line at the center position of the coil, a changeover switch is provided on the downstream side of the variable setting unit, and the electromagnetic coil is driven in two modes by energizing from the power supply line and energizing from the connection line. 5. The rotation transmission device control system according to claim 3, wherein a heater mode in which reverse currents are applied to the coils to generate magnetic fluxes so as to cancel each other is selectable .