JP4820057B2 - 薬物送達粒子及び製造方法 - Google Patents
薬物送達粒子及び製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4820057B2 JP4820057B2 JP2003579892A JP2003579892A JP4820057B2 JP 4820057 B2 JP4820057 B2 JP 4820057B2 JP 2003579892 A JP2003579892 A JP 2003579892A JP 2003579892 A JP2003579892 A JP 2003579892A JP 4820057 B2 JP4820057 B2 JP 4820057B2
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Description
図1に示すように、皮膚16に穿刺して肝臓18内に伸長させるために用いられる針14の付いたシリンジ12を用いて、薬物送達組成物10を注入する。針の先端20は肝臓近傍の組織塊内及び/または悪性腫瘍22内に配置させる。組成物10は薬物送達粒子24を輸送する担体液を含む。粒子は病変22の周辺に配置させてもよい。別の実施形態においては、粒子は、血管構造を通して、例えば肝動脈に挿入されたカテーテルによって送達することができる。別の用途は上記米国特許出願第 号[01194/442001]に記載されている。
図4に示すように、粒子を生成するシステムは、流量制御装置300、小滴生成装置310、ゲル化容器320、反応器330、ゲル溶解チャンバ340、フィルター350、治療剤の供給源360、粒子乾燥チャンバ370、及び粒子再水和容器380を有する。流量制御装置300はポリマー溶液を粘度制御装置305に送達する。粘度制御装置305は小滴生成装置310に送られる前に溶液を加熱して粘度を低下させる。小滴生成装置310は小滴を形成させてゲル化容器320に送給し、そこで小滴はゲル形成によって安定化される。ゲルにより安定化した小滴をゲル化容器320から反応器330に移して、ゲルにより安定化した小滴中のポリマーを反応させて前駆体粒子を形成する。前駆体粒子をゲル溶解チャンバ340に移してゲルを溶解する。その後、粒子をフィルター350で濾過して屑を除去し、滅菌して、粒子を含む組成物としてパッケージ化する。以下に説明するように、治療剤は様々な段階で粒子内に取り込ませることができる。図示した実施形態においては、粒子を濾過後にチャンバ370内で、例えば熱を加えて、もしくは加えずに真空下で(例えば凍結乾燥によって)乾燥させることができる、または例えば室温で、熱を加え、もしくは加えずに、空気乾燥させることができる。その後、乾燥した粒子を、治療剤を含む容器380中で再水和させる。再水和の工程においては、治療剤が細孔構造を通して粒子内に吸引される。その後、粒子を治療剤の溶液中に詰められてもよい。投与時に、粒子を生理食塩水または造影剤と混合してもよい。
治療剤としては、生理学的症状を治療するための生物学的活性のある材料が挙げられる。薬剤は粒子から組織に放出される際に活性があるか、または粒子内残留中に活性があってもよく、粒子と連通する組織または体液に晒される。
治療することができる器官及び組織としては、生体内または生体外のいずれかで注入されるいずれかの哺乳類組織または器官が挙げられる。非限定的例としては、心臓、肺、脳、肝臓、骨格筋、平滑筋、腎臓、膀胱、腸、胃、膵臓、卵巣、前立腺、目、腫瘍、軟骨及び骨が挙げられる。
特異的細胞系(例えば癌細胞系)から捕捉された抗原などの免疫物質を粒子の表面に吸収/吸着または結合させることができ、その後標的細胞塊、組織または器官、例えば癌部位に注入して、免疫反応/カスケード/応答を開始させることができる。例としては、ワシントン州ボーセルのノースウエストバイオセラピューティクス社が挙げられる。抗原または遺伝子処理した分子を用いることもできる。例えば、化学療法を結腸直腸癌の治療として用いることができる時間を延長させる抗EGF受容体抗体を用いることができる。例としては、ニューヨーク州ニューヨークのイムクローンシステムズ社のセツキシマブ(Cetuximab)が挙げられる。遺伝子処理されたまたは遺伝子処理されていない抗体または受容体を用いることもできる。血管形成カスケードで相互作用し、腫瘍の成長にとって重要な血管の細胞に対するモノクローナル抗体を用いることもできる。
脱イオン水中に、99+%加水分解された平均分子量Mw89000〜120000のポリビニルアルコール(アルドリッチ)を8重量%と、ゲル化前駆体であるアルギン酸ナトリウム、プロノバUPLVG(ニュージャージー州プリンストンのFMCバイオポリマー社)2重量%とを含む水溶液から粒子を製造し、その混合物を約121℃に加熱する。溶液は室温で約310センチポアズ、65℃で約160cpsの粘度を有している。シリンジポンプ(ハーバードアパレイタス社)を用いて、混合物を小滴生成装置(ニスコ・エンジニアリング社)に供給する。脱イオン水中に塩化カルシウム2重量%を含むゲル化容器に小滴を供給し、撹拌棒で撹拌する。塩化カルシウム溶液を約3分以内でデカントして、ポリビニルアルコールが小滴から溶液に実質的に滲出するのを防ぐ。ホルムアルデヒド(メタノール中37重量%)4重量%及び硫酸(95〜98%濃硫酸)20重量%の溶液を含む反応器に小滴を添加する。反応溶液を65℃で20分間撹拌する。前駆体粒子を脱イオン水で洗浄し(3回×300mL)、残留する酸性溶液を除去する。脱イオン水中のヘキサメタリン酸ナトリウム5重量%の溶液で前駆体粒子を0.5時間浸漬することによって、アルギン酸ナトリウムを実質的に除去する。溶液を脱イオン水で洗浄して、残渣のリン酸塩及びアルギン酸塩を除去する。先に説明したとおりふるいにかけることによって粒子を濾過し、生理食塩水(USP0.9%NaCl)中に入れ、ついで照射滅菌する。
Claims (20)
- 多糖及びイオン架橋可能ポリマーから選択されたゲル化前駆体とポリビニルアルコールとを含む小滴を生成し、前記小滴とゲル化剤として機能するカチオンとの接触により当該小滴にイオン架橋ゲルを形成し、イオン架橋ゲルを備える前記小滴と架橋剤との接触により前記ポリビニルアルコールを架橋して粒子を形成し、前記イオン架橋ゲルを除去して粒子を形成すること、を含む方法により調製され、前記イオン架橋ゲルを形成するときに粒子の中心の細孔構造が形成されるポリマー粒子であって、治療剤を収容する細孔を有する内部貯蔵領域と、前記内部貯蔵領域を取り囲み、細孔を有する調量領域とを有する、球状で架橋ポリビニルアルコールを備える前記ポリマー粒子を備え、前記第2領域における細孔分布において最大数存在する細孔のサイズである第2の優占的な細孔サイズが前記第1領域における細孔分布において最大数存在する細孔のサイズである第1の優占的な細孔サイズの50〜70%である薬物送達装置。
- 前記ポリビニルアルコールが1,3−アセタール化ジオールである請求項1に記載の装置。
- 前記ポリビニルアルコールがグラフト重合によって修飾されている請求項1に記載の装置。
- ポリマーのコーティングを含む請求項1に記載の装置。
- 前記コーティングは体液との接触によって弱化する請求項4に記載の装置。
- 前記粒子表面上に治療剤を含む請求項4に記載の装置。
- 前記治療剤が癌の治療に有効である請求項1に記載の装置。
- 前記粒子が80%以上の球形度を有する請求項1に記載の装置。
- 前記粒子が1cm以下の直径を有する請求項1に記載の装置。
- 粒子の集合を含む請求項1に記載の装置。
- ポリビニルアルコールとアルギネートとを含む小滴を生成する工程と、
前記小滴をゲル化剤として機能する多価カチオンと接触させる工程と、
イオン架橋ゲルを備える前記小滴を架橋剤との接触により前記ポリビニルアルコールを架橋する工程と、
前記イオン架橋ゲルを除去して粒子に形成する工程と、
前記粒子を治療剤と一体化させる工程とを備える薬物送達粒子を製造する方法において、各薬物送達粒子が、治療剤を収容する細孔を有する内部貯蔵領域と、前記内部貯蔵領域を取り囲み、細孔を有する調量領域とを有する、球状で架橋ポリビニルアルコールを備えるポリマー粒子であり、前記第2領域における細孔分布において最大数存在する細孔のサイズである第2の優占的な細孔サイズが前記第1領域における細孔分布において最大数存在する細孔のサイズである第1の優占的な細孔サイズの50〜70%である薬物送達粒子を製造する方法。 - 前記粒子を乾燥させること、及び乾燥した粒子を治療剤に晒すことを含む請求項11に記載の方法。
- 前記小滴を生成する前に治療剤を一体化させることを含む請求項11に記載の方法。
- 前記ゲル化剤が2価の薬剤である請求項11に記載の方法。
- 前記方法は、前記ポリビニルアルコールをアセタール化によって反応させることを含む請求項11に記載の方法。
- 前記ポリビニルアルコールが75000g/mole以上の分子量を有する請求項11に記載の方法。
- 前記小滴を形成する前に、前記ポリビニルアルコール及びアルギネートの粘度を調整することを含む請求項11に記載の方法。
- 加熱によって前記粘度を調整することを含む請求項17に記載の方法。
- 前記小滴を振動噴霧化によって形成することを含む請求項11に記載の方法。
- 前記治療剤が抗癌剤である請求項11に記載の方法。
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US11633002A | 2002-04-04 | 2002-04-04 | |
US10/116,330 | 2002-04-04 | ||
US10/232,265 | 2002-08-30 | ||
US10/232,265 US7462366B2 (en) | 2002-03-29 | 2002-08-30 | Drug delivery particle |
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US20060051393A1 (en) * | 2004-09-08 | 2006-03-09 | Medtronic, Inc. | Method of manufacturing drug-eluting medical device |
EP1986610B1 (en) * | 2006-02-10 | 2018-04-11 | Biocompatibles UK Limited | Loading of hydrophobic drugs into hydrophilic polymer delivery systems |
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WO2009086076A2 (en) * | 2007-12-28 | 2009-07-09 | Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. | Particles for injection and processes for forming the same |
DE102008000290A1 (de) * | 2008-02-13 | 2009-08-20 | Evonik Degussa Gmbh | Lagerstabile Produktsyteme für Prämixformulierungen |
DE102008002395A1 (de) * | 2008-06-12 | 2009-12-17 | Biotronik Vi Patent Ag | Wirkstoffbeladenes Implantat |
JP2012507562A (ja) * | 2008-10-30 | 2012-03-29 | ダビド リウ | 微小球性多孔質生体適合性足場並びにその製造方法及び装置 |
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WO2000053159A1 (en) * | 1999-03-09 | 2000-09-14 | Vivorx, Inc. | Cytoprotective biocompatible containment systems for biologically active materials and methods of making same |
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US5258028A (en) * | 1988-12-12 | 1993-11-02 | Ersek Robert A | Textured micro implants |
US5007940A (en) * | 1989-06-09 | 1991-04-16 | American Medical Systems, Inc. | Injectable polymeric bodies |
DE69521025T2 (de) * | 1995-03-07 | 2001-10-04 | Menlo Care, Inc. | Mittel zur Verbesserung der Schliessmuskelfunktion mit kontrollierter Ausdehnung |
US6660301B1 (en) * | 1998-03-06 | 2003-12-09 | Biosphere Medical, Inc. | Injectable microspheres for dermal augmentation and tissue bulking |
US6652883B2 (en) * | 2000-03-13 | 2003-11-25 | Biocure, Inc. | Tissue bulking and coating compositions |
DE10026620A1 (de) * | 2000-05-29 | 2002-03-07 | Gerhard Quelle | Poröse Implantate und Partikel |
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2003
- 2003-03-28 JP JP2003579892A patent/JP4820057B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-03-28 EP EP03745663A patent/EP1490121B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-03-28 CA CA002480632A patent/CA2480632A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-03-28 WO PCT/US2003/009691 patent/WO2003082360A1/en active Application Filing
- 2003-03-28 DE DE60329909T patent/DE60329909D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-03-28 AU AU2003258167A patent/AU2003258167A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH07508048A (ja) * | 1992-04-08 | 1995-09-07 | ブイーボウアールエックス,インコーポレイテッド | 橋かけ型生物適合性カプセル化組成物ならびに方法 |
JPH09316271A (ja) * | 1996-05-31 | 1997-12-09 | Kuraray Co Ltd | 球状の含水ゲル |
WO2000053159A1 (en) * | 1999-03-09 | 2000-09-14 | Vivorx, Inc. | Cytoprotective biocompatible containment systems for biologically active materials and methods of making same |
Also Published As
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EP1490121A1 (en) | 2004-12-29 |
DE60329909D1 (de) | 2009-12-17 |
WO2003082360A1 (en) | 2003-10-09 |
AU2003258167A1 (en) | 2003-10-13 |
CA2480632A1 (en) | 2003-10-09 |
JP2005533008A (ja) | 2005-11-04 |
EP1490121B1 (en) | 2009-11-04 |
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