JP4807548B2 - Nematic liquid crystal composition and liquid crystal display device using the same - Google Patents

Nematic liquid crystal composition and liquid crystal display device using the same Download PDF

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JP4807548B2
JP4807548B2 JP2004047779A JP2004047779A JP4807548B2 JP 4807548 B2 JP4807548 B2 JP 4807548B2 JP 2004047779 A JP2004047779 A JP 2004047779A JP 2004047779 A JP2004047779 A JP 2004047779A JP 4807548 B2 JP4807548 B2 JP 4807548B2
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芳典 岩下
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本発明は、電気光学的表示材料として有用なネマチック液晶組成物及びこれを用いた液晶表示装置に関する。   The present invention relates to a nematic liquid crystal composition useful as an electro-optical display material and a liquid crystal display device using the same.

表示品質が優れていることから、アクティブ・マトリクス形液晶表示装置が携帯端末、液晶テレビ、プロジェクタ、コンピューター等の市場に出されている。アクティブ・マトリクス表示方式は、画素毎にTFT(薄膜トランジスタ)あるいはMIM(メタル・インシュレータ・メタル)等が使われており、この方式には高電圧保持率であることが重要視されている。また、更に広い視角特性を得るためにIPS、OCBモードと組み合わせたTFT表示やより明るい表示を得るためにECBモードの反射型が提案されている。(以下、これらアクティブ・マトリクス表示方式の液晶表示素子を総称してTFT-LCDと呼称する)この様な表示素子に対応するために、現在も新しい液晶化合物あるいは液晶組成物の提案がなされている(特許文献1及び特許文献2)。   Due to the excellent display quality, active matrix type liquid crystal display devices have been put on the market for portable terminals, liquid crystal televisions, projectors, computers and the like. In the active matrix display method, TFT (thin film transistor) or MIM (metal insulator metal) is used for each pixel, and high voltage holding ratio is regarded as important in this method. Also, in order to obtain a wider viewing angle characteristic, a TFT display combined with IPS and OCB modes and a reflection type of ECB mode have been proposed to obtain a brighter display. (Hereinafter, these active matrix liquid crystal display elements are collectively referred to as TFT-LCDs.) In order to deal with such display elements, new liquid crystal compounds or liquid crystal compositions are still being proposed. (Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2).

近年、液晶プロジェクタの高性能化等の理由から屈折率異方性(Δn)が大きく、耐光性に優れた液晶組成物の要望が高まっている。液晶プロジェクタ用LCDは一般的に、対角数インチのポリシリコン基板上に高密度で画素を形成することにより作成されるが、さらなる高画素化による画素ピッチの縮小により、各画素間で発生する横電界の抑制が課題となっていた。これは画素ピッチに対するセルギャップ比を小さくする、つまりセルギャップを薄くすることと、駆動電圧を下げることによりある程度解決されるが、セルギャップと液晶のΔnとの積(リタデーション)をある一定の値に保たなければならないというTNモードの原理上の要請から液晶材料のΔnを高くする必要があり、駆動電圧も下げる必要がある。また、プロジェクタは比較的小さな面積のLCDに極めて大きな光量の光が照射される。このためプロジェクタ用液晶材料には高い耐光性が要求されるが、近年、プロジェクタの輝度アップという市場要請に応えるために、LCD開口率や照射光量の増大が行われ、液晶材料に対する耐光性向上の要求は高くなっている。さらに、大光量照射によりLCDの温度が上昇するため、プロジェクタ用液晶材料には高いネマチック−等方相転移温度も求められている。   In recent years, there has been a growing demand for liquid crystal compositions having a large refractive index anisotropy (Δn) and excellent light resistance for reasons such as high performance of liquid crystal projectors. LCDs for liquid crystal projectors are generally created by forming pixels at a high density on a polysilicon substrate with a diagonal size of several inches. However, they are generated between pixels due to pixel pitch reduction due to further higher pixel counts. The suppression of the transverse electric field has been a problem. This can be solved to some extent by reducing the cell gap ratio with respect to the pixel pitch, that is, by reducing the cell gap and lowering the driving voltage, but the product (retardation) of the cell gap and the liquid crystal Δn is a certain value. In view of the principle of the TN mode that must be maintained at the same time, it is necessary to increase the Δn of the liquid crystal material and to reduce the driving voltage. In addition, a projector emits a very large amount of light onto a relatively small area LCD. For this reason, liquid crystal materials for projectors are required to have high light resistance, but in recent years, LCD aperture ratio and light intensity have been increased in order to meet the market demand for increased brightness of projectors. The demand is high. Furthermore, since the temperature of the LCD rises due to irradiation with a large amount of light, a high nematic-isotropic phase transition temperature is required for the liquid crystal material for projectors.

高Δnの組成物を得るためには従来一般式(A)又は一般式(B)で表される化合物を用いるのが一般的であった(以下、一般式(A)で表される化合物をトラン系化合物、一般式(B)で表される化合物をフェニル系化合物とする)。(特許文献3及び特許文献4)   In order to obtain a composition having a high Δn, a compound represented by the general formula (A) or the general formula (B) has been conventionally used (hereinafter, a compound represented by the general formula (A) is used). A tolan compound, and a compound represented by the general formula (B) is a phenyl compound). (Patent Document 3 and Patent Document 4)

Figure 0004807548
Figure 0004807548

(式中、
Rは置換又は非置換のアルキル鎖又はアルケニル鎖を表し、
Aはシクロヘキサン環又はベンゼン環を表し、
nは0又は1を表す。)
一般式(A)及び一般式(B)で表される化合物はいずれも高いΔnの値を持つのが特長であり、プロジェクタ用途として用いられている。しかし、上述のようにプロジェクタに対する要求特性、特に耐光性に対する要求が高くなってきていることから、より耐光性に優れる液晶材料が切望されている。
(Where
R represents a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl chain or alkenyl chain;
A represents a cyclohexane ring or a benzene ring,
n represents 0 or 1. )
The compounds represented by the general formula (A) and the general formula (B) are all characterized by having a high Δn value, and are used for projector applications. However, as described above, since the required characteristics for projectors, particularly the requirements for light resistance, are increasing, a liquid crystal material having more excellent light resistance is desired.

特開平2−233626号公報(2頁)JP-A-2-233626 (page 2) 特公表4−501575号公報(2頁)Publication No. 4-501575 (2 pages) 特開2001−040354号公報(2頁)JP 2001-040354 A (page 2) 特開2002−356679号公報(2頁)JP 2002-356679 A (page 2)

本発明が解決しようとする課題は、高い屈折率異方性を維持しつつ、低い駆動電圧、高いネマチック−等方相転移温度と低温で安定したネマチック相を持ち、耐光性に優れた液晶組成物を提供すること、また、この液晶組成物を使用した動作温度範囲が広い液晶表示素子を提供することにある。   The problem to be solved by the present invention is a liquid crystal composition having a low driving voltage, a high nematic-isotropic phase transition temperature and a stable nematic phase at a low temperature while maintaining high refractive index anisotropy, and excellent light resistance. Another object of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal display element having a wide operating temperature range using the liquid crystal composition.

本発明は、上記課題を解決するために、種々の液晶化合物を用いた液晶組成物を検討した結果、一般式(I)で表される化合物、一般式(II)で表される化合物及び一般式(III)で表される化合物を特定の混合比で組み合わせることで、高い複屈折率を維持しながら、低い駆動電圧、高いネマチック−等方相転移温度と低温における良好なネマチック相安定性を有し、耐光性に優れた液晶組成物を見出し本発明の完成に至った。   In order to solve the above problems, the present invention has studied liquid crystal compositions using various liquid crystal compounds. As a result, the compounds represented by the general formula (I), the compounds represented by the general formula (II) and the general formula Combining the compound represented by the formula (III) at a specific mixing ratio, while maintaining a high birefringence, low driving voltage, high nematic-isotropic phase transition temperature and good nematic phase stability at low temperature. The present invention has been completed by finding a liquid crystal composition having excellent light resistance.

すなわち、一般式(I)で表される化合物を1種又は2種以上含有しその含有率が50から80質量%であり、一般式(II)で表される化合物を1種又は2種以上含有しその含有率が10から30質量%であり、一般式(III)で表される化合物を1種又は2種以上含有しその含有率が5から30質量%であることを特徴とする液晶組成物及びこれを用いた液晶表示素子を提供する。   That is, the compound represented by the general formula (I) is contained in one or more kinds, and the content thereof is 50 to 80% by mass, and the compound represented by the general formula (II) is used in one or more kinds. A liquid crystal containing 10 to 30% by mass of the content, containing one or more compounds represented by the general formula (III), and having a content of 5 to 30% by mass A composition and a liquid crystal display device using the composition are provided.

Figure 0004807548
Figure 0004807548

(式中、
R1からR4は、各々独立的に炭素原子数1から10のアルキル基又は炭素原子数2から10のアルケニル基を表し、該アルキル基又は該アルケニル基は非置換基であるか又は置換基として1個又は2個以上の-F、-Cl、-CH3、又は-CF3を有することができ、該アルキル基又は該アルケニル基中に存在する1個又は2個以上の-CH2-基は、O原子が相互に直接結合しないものとして、-O-、-CO-、-COO-又はOCO-により置換されていてもよく、
Z1からZ3は、各々独立的に-CH2CH2-又は単結合を表し、
A1からA3は、各々独立的に1,4-フェニレン基、3-フルオロ-1,4-フェニレン基、3,5-ジフルオロ-1,4-フェニレン基、1,4-シクロヘキシレン基又はビシクロ[2,2,2]オクタン-1,4-ジイル基を表し、
X1からX5は各々独立的に-F又はHを表し、
m1は0又は1を表し、m2は2又は3を表し、該m2により繰り返される単位は同一であってもよく、異なっていてもよく、
Y1は-F、-Cl、-OCF3、-OCF2H、-OCFH2又は-NCSを表し、Y2は-F、-Cl、-OCF3、-OCF2H、-OCFH2、-NCS、炭素原子数1から10のアルキル基又は炭素原子数2から10のアルケニル基を表し、該アルキル基又は該アルケニル基は非置換基であるか又は置換基として1個又は2個以上の-F、-Cl、-CH3、又は-CF3を有することができ、該アルキル基又は該アルケニル基中に存在する1個又は2個以上の-CH2-基は、O原子が相互に直接結合しないものとして、-O-、-CO-、-COO-又はOCO-により置換されていてもよい。)
(Where
R 1 to R 4 each independently represents an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, and the alkyl group or the alkenyl group is an unsubstituted group or a substituent. As one or more than one —F, —Cl, —CH 3 , or —CF 3 , and one or more —CH 2 — present in the alkyl group or the alkenyl group. The group may be substituted by -O-, -CO-, -COO- or OCO-, as O atoms are not directly bonded to each other,
Z 1 to Z 3 each independently represent -CH 2 CH 2 -or a single bond,
A 1 to A 3 are each independently 1,4-phenylene group, 3-fluoro-1,4-phenylene group, 3,5-difluoro-1,4-phenylene group, 1,4-cyclohexylene group or Represents a bicyclo [2,2,2] octane-1,4-diyl group,
X 1 to X 5 each independently represent -F or H;
m 1 represents 0 or 1, m 2 represents 2 or 3, and the unit repeated by m 2 may be the same or different,
Y 1 represents -F, -Cl, -OCF 3 , -OCF 2 H, -OCFH 2 or -NCS, and Y 2 represents -F, -Cl, -OCF 3 , -OCF 2 H, -OCFH 2 ,- NCS represents an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, and the alkyl group or the alkenyl group is unsubstituted or has one or more- Can have F, -Cl, -CH 3 , or -CF 3 , and one or more -CH 2 -groups present in the alkyl group or the alkenyl group have an O atom directly As not bonded, it may be substituted by -O-, -CO-, -COO- or OCO-. )

本発明の組み合わせによって、高い屈折率異方性を維持しつつ、低い駆動電圧、高いネマチック−等方相転移温度と低温で安定したネマチック相を持ち、耐光性に優れた液晶組成物が得られた。また、この液晶組成物を液晶表示素子として用いた場合、駆動温度範囲が広く耐光性に優れたものであった。   By the combination of the present invention, a liquid crystal composition having a low driving voltage, a high nematic-isotropic phase transition temperature and a nematic phase stable at a low temperature while maintaining a high refractive index anisotropy and an excellent light resistance can be obtained. It was. Further, when this liquid crystal composition was used as a liquid crystal display element, the driving temperature range was wide and the light resistance was excellent.

本発明において、一般式(I)、一般式(II)及び一般式(III)で表される化合物は多くの化合物を包含するものであるが以下に記載する置換基を有する場合が好ましい。
R1からR4及び極性基以外の置換基を選択した場合のY2は、炭素数2から5のアルキル基、炭素数2から5のアルコキシ基又は炭素数2から5のアルケニル基が好ましく、アルケニル基の場合式(a)から式(f)で表される構造がより好ましく、
In the present invention, the compounds represented by the general formula (I), the general formula (II) and the general formula (III) include many compounds, but preferably have the substituents described below.
Y 2 when a substituent other than R 1 to R 4 and a polar group is selected is preferably an alkyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms, In the case of an alkenyl group, a structure represented by formula (a) to formula (f) is more preferable,

Figure 0004807548
Figure 0004807548

(構造式は右端で環に連結しているものとする。)
式(a)、式(b)、式(e)又は式(f)であらわさる構造が特に好ましい。
(The structural formula shall be connected to the ring at the right end.)
A structure represented by formula (a), formula (b), formula (e) or formula (f) is particularly preferred.

一般式(I)において、
A1は1,4-フェニレン基又は1,4-シクロヘキシレン基を表すことが好ましく、
Z1は単結合を表すことが好ましく、
Y2は-F、-OCF3、-OCF2H又は-OCFH2を表すことが好ましく、
X3はFを表すことが好ましい。
In general formula (I),
A 1 preferably represents a 1,4-phenylene group or a 1,4-cyclohexylene group,
Z 1 preferably represents a single bond,
Y 2 preferably represents -F, -OCF 3 , -OCF 2 H or -OCFH 2 ;
X 3 preferably represents F.

一般式(I)で表される化合物は、具体的には下記一般式(I-1)又は一般式(I-2)で表される化合物   The compound represented by the general formula (I) is specifically a compound represented by the following general formula (I-1) or general formula (I-2)

Figure 0004807548
Figure 0004807548

(式中、
R1a、R1b、A1、Y1a、Y1b、X1aからX3bは、それぞれ一般式(I)のR1、A1、Y1、X1からX3と同義である。)
が好ましく、下記一般式(I-1-1)から一般式(I-1-6)及び一般式(I-2-1)から一般式(I-2-10)
(Where
R 1a , R 1b , A 1 , Y 1a , Y 1b , X 1a to X 3b are respectively synonymous with R 1 , A 1 , Y 1 , X 1 to X 3 in the general formula (I). )
The following general formula (I-1-1) to general formula (I-1-6) and general formula (I-2-1) to general formula (I-2-10)

Figure 0004807548
Figure 0004807548

(式中、R1aは及びR1bは各々独立的に一般式(I)におけるR1と同義であり、該化合物中に1,4-シクロヘキシニレン基が存在する場合、該1,4-シクロヘキシレン基は各々独立的にビシクロ[2,2,2]オクタン-1,4-ジイル基で置換されていてもよい。)
で表される化合物がより好ましく、一般式(I-1-2)、一般式(I-1-4)、一般式(I-1-6)、一般式(I-2-2)、一般式(I-2-4)、一般式(I-2-6)、一般式(I-2-2)、一般式(I-2-4)、一般式(I-2-6)、一般式(I-2-8)又は一般式(I-2-10)で表される化合物が特に好ましく、一般式(I-1-2)、一般式(I-1-4)、一般式(I-2-2)、一般式(I-2-4)又は一般式(I-2-8)で表される化合物がさらに好ましい。
(In the formula, R 1a and R 1b are each independently the same as R 1 in formula (I), and when 1,4-cyclohexylinylene group is present in the compound, Each cyclohexylene group may be independently substituted with a bicyclo [2,2,2] octane-1,4-diyl group.
The compound represented by general formula (I-1-2), general formula (I-1-4), general formula (I-1-6), general formula (I-2-2), general Formula (I-2-4), General Formula (I-2-6), General Formula (I-2-2), General Formula (I-2-4), General Formula (I-2-6), General A compound represented by the formula (I-2-8) or the general formula (I-2-10) is particularly preferable, the general formula (I-1-2), the general formula (I-1-4), the general formula (I I-2-2), compounds represented by general formula (I-2-4) or general formula (I-2-8) are more preferred.

一般式(I)で表される化合物は2種以上含有することが好ましく、この場合一般式(I-1-1)から一般式(I-1-6)で表される化合物を含有しさらに一般式(I-2-1)から一般式(I-2-10)で表される化合物を含有することが好ましい。
一般式(I)で表される化合物の総和は50から80質量%であるが、60から80質量%であることが好ましい。
It is preferable to contain two or more compounds represented by the general formula (I). In this case, the compound represented by the general formula (I-1-1) to the general formula (I-1-6) is contained. It is preferable to contain a compound represented by general formula (I-2-1) to general formula (I-2-10).
The total amount of the compounds represented by the general formula (I) is from 50 to 80% by mass, preferably from 60 to 80% by mass.

一般式(II)で表される化合物において、
Z2は少なくとも1つが単結合を表すことが好ましく、
Y2は極性基を選択した場合には-F、-OCF3、-OCF2H又は-OCFH2を表すことが好ましい。
一般式(II)で表される化合物は、具体的には下記一般式(II-1)から一般式(II-6)で表される化合物
In the compound represented by the general formula (II),
Z 2 preferably represents at least one single bond,
Y 2 preferably represents —F, —OCF 3 , —OCF 2 H or —OCFH 2 when a polar group is selected.
The compound represented by the general formula (II) is specifically a compound represented by the following general formula (II-1) to general formula (II-6)

Figure 0004807548
Figure 0004807548

(式中、
R2aからR2f、Z2aからZ2o、Y2aからY2f、X3aからX4fはそれぞれ一般式(II)におけるR2、Z2、Y2、及びX4と同義であり、該化合物中の1,4-シクロヘキシニレン基はは各々独立的にビシクロ[2,2,2]オクタン-1,4-ジイル基で置換されていてもよく、該化合物中1つ又は2つ以上のの1,4-フェニレン基は3-フルオロ-1,4-フェニレン基又は3,5-ジフルオロ-1,4-フェニレン基で置換されていてもよい。)
で表される化合物が好ましいが、Y2が極性基の場合には下記一般式(II-1-1)から一般式(II-6-2)
(Where
R 2a to R 2f , Z 2a to Z 2o , Y 2a to Y 2f , X 3a to X 4f are respectively synonymous with R 2 , Z 2 , Y 2 , and X 4 in formula (II), and the compound Each of the 1,4-cyclohexylinylene groups may be independently substituted with a bicyclo [2,2,2] octane-1,4-diyl group, and one or more of the compounds The 1,4-phenylene group may be substituted with a 3-fluoro-1,4-phenylene group or a 3,5-difluoro-1,4-phenylene group. )
In the case where Y 2 is a polar group, the following general formula (II-1-1) to general formula (II-6-2)

Figure 0004807548
Figure 0004807548

(式中、R2aからR2fはそれぞれ一般式(II)のR2と同義であり、X4aからX4fはそれぞれ一般式(II)のX4と同義であり、該化合物中の1,4-シクロヘキシニレン基はは各々独立的にビシクロ[2,2,2]オクタン-1,4-ジイル基で置換されていてもよく、該化合物中1つ又は2つ以上の1,4-フェニレン基は3-フルオロ-1,4-フェニレン基又は3,5-ジフルオロ-1,4-フェニレン基で置換されていてもよい。)
で表される化合物がより好ましく、一般式(II-1-1)、一般式(II-2-1)、一般式(II-3-1)、一般式(II-4-1)、一般式(II-5-1)又は一般式(II-6-1)で表される化合物が特に好ましく、Y2が非極性基の場合には下記一般式(II-1-n1)から一般式(II-6-n2)
(Wherein, the R 2a R 2f are each synonymous with R 2 of the general formula (II), X 4f from X 4a have the same meanings as X 4 in the general formula (II), 1 in the compound, Each 4-cyclohexylenylene group may be independently substituted with a bicyclo [2,2,2] octane-1,4-diyl group, in which one or more 1,4- The phenylene group may be substituted with a 3-fluoro-1,4-phenylene group or a 3,5-difluoro-1,4-phenylene group.)
The compound represented by general formula (II-1-1), general formula (II-2-1), general formula (II-3-1), general formula (II-4-1), general formula A compound represented by the formula (II-5-1) or the general formula (II-6-1) is particularly preferred, and when Y 2 is a nonpolar group, the general formula (II-1-n1) to the general formula (II-6-n2)

Figure 0004807548
Figure 0004807548

(式中、R2aからR2fはそれぞれ一般式(II)のR2と同義であり、Y2aからY2fは、炭素原子数1から10のアルキル基又は炭素原子数2から10のアルケニル基を表し、該アルキル基又は該アルケニル基は非置換基であるか又は置換基として1個又は2個以上の-F、-Cl、-CH3、又は-CF3を有することができ、該アルキル基又は該アルケニル基中に存在する1個又は2個以上の-CH2-基は、O原子が相互に直接結合しないものとして、-O-、-CO-、-COO-又はOCO-置換されていてもよく、該化合物中の1,4-シクロヘキシニレン基はは各々独立的にビシクロ[2,2,2]オクタン-1,4-ジイル基で置換されていてもよく、該化合物中1つ又は2つ以上の1,4-フェニレン基は3-フルオロ-1,4-フェニレン基又は3,5-ジフルオロ-1,4-フェニレン基で置換されていてもよい。)
で表される化合物がより好ましく、一般式(II-1-n1)、一般式(II-2-n1)、一般式(II-3-n1)、一般式(II-4-n1)、一般式(II-5-n1)又は一般式(II-6-n1)で表される化合物が特に好ましい。
(Wherein R 2a to R 2f have the same meaning as R 2 in formula (II), and Y 2a to Y 2f are alkyl groups having 1 to 10 carbon atoms or alkenyl groups having 2 to 10 carbon atoms) The alkyl group or the alkenyl group can be unsubstituted or have one or more -F, -Cl, -CH 3 , or -CF 3 as a substituent, One or more —CH 2 — groups present in the group or the alkenyl group are —O—, —CO—, —COO— or OCO-substituted, as O atoms are not directly bonded to each other. Each of the 1,4-cyclohexylinylene groups in the compound may be independently substituted with a bicyclo [2,2,2] octane-1,4-diyl group. (One or more 1,4-phenylene groups may be substituted with a 3-fluoro-1,4-phenylene group or a 3,5-difluoro-1,4-phenylene group.)
The compound represented by general formula (II-1-n1), general formula (II-2-n1), general formula (II-3-n1), general formula (II-4-n1), general A compound represented by formula (II-5-n1) or general formula (II-6-n1) is particularly preferred.

一般式(II)で表される化合物の総和は10から30質量%であるが、15から30質量%であることが好ましい。   The total amount of the compounds represented by the general formula (II) is 10 to 30% by mass, preferably 15 to 30% by mass.

一般式(III)で表される化合物は、具体的には下記一般式(III-1)から一般式(III-4)   The compounds represented by the general formula (III) are specifically the following general formulas (III-1) to (III-4)

Figure 0004807548
Figure 0004807548

(式中、R3及びR4はそれぞれ一般式(III)におけると同義であり、該化合物中に1,4-シクロヘキシニレン基が存在する場合、該1,4-シクロヘキシレン基は各々独立的にビシクロ[2,2,2]オクタン-1,4-ジイル基で置換されていてもよく、該化合物中右端の1,4-フェニレン基以外に1,4-フェニレン基が存在する場合、化合物中右端以外の1つ又は2つ以上の1,4-フェニレン基は3-フルオロ-1,4-フェニレン基又は3,5-ジフルオロ-1,4-フェニレン基で置換されていてもよい。)
で表される化合物が好ましく、一般式(III-1)又は一般式(III-3)で表される化合物がより好ましい。
(In the formula, R 3 and R 4 have the same meanings as in general formula (III), respectively, and when 1,4-cyclohexylinylene group is present in the compound, each 1,4-cyclohexylene group is independent. In particular, it may be substituted with a bicyclo [2,2,2] octane-1,4-diyl group, and when a 1,4-phenylene group is present in addition to the rightmost 1,4-phenylene group in the compound, One or two or more 1,4-phenylene groups other than the right end of the compound may be substituted with a 3-fluoro-1,4-phenylene group or a 3,5-difluoro-1,4-phenylene group. )
The compound represented by general formula (III-1) or the general formula (III-3) is more preferable.

一般式(III)で表される化合物の総和は5から30質量%であるが、10から30質量%であることが好ましく、15から25質量%であることがさらに好ましい。   The total amount of the compounds represented by the general formula (III) is 5 to 30% by mass, preferably 10 to 30% by mass, and more preferably 15 to 25% by mass.

本発明における一般式(I)、一般式(II)及び一般式(III)で表される化合物の含有率は、一般式(I)の含有量の下限が50質量%、一般式(II)の含有量の下限が10質量%、一般式(III)の含有量の下限が5質量%であることから合計65質量%以上であるが、70質量%以上が好ましく、80質量%以上がより好ましく、90質量%以上が特に好ましい。   In the present invention, the content of the compound represented by the general formula (I), the general formula (II) and the general formula (III), the lower limit of the content of the general formula (I) is 50% by mass, the general formula (II) The lower limit of the content of 10% by mass and the lower limit of the content of the general formula (III) is 5% by mass, so the total is 65% by mass or more, preferably 70% by mass or more, more preferably 80% by mass or more. 90% by mass or more is particularly preferable.

本願発明のネマチック液晶組成物屈折率異方性(Δn)が大きい特徴を有するが、0.16以上が好ましく、0.17以上がより好ましく、0.18以上が特に好ましい。   The nematic liquid crystal composition of the present invention has a large refractive index anisotropy (Δn), preferably 0.16 or more, more preferably 0.17 or more, and particularly preferably 0.18 or more.

ネマチック−等方相転移温度(TNI)は100℃以上が好ましく、110℃以上がより好ましい。 The nematic-isotropic phase transition temperature (T NI ) is preferably 100 ° C. or higher, more preferably 110 ° C. or higher.

誘電率異方性(Δε)は15以上が好ましく、16以上がより好ましく、17以上が特に好ましい。   The dielectric anisotropy (Δε) is preferably 15 or more, more preferably 16 or more, and particularly preferably 17 or more.

上記ネマチック液晶組成物はツイスト角が0から180°であるTN-LCD、IPSやOCB等を含むアクティブ・マトリクス-LCDに有用である。また、上記液晶組成物は透過型、半透過型又は反射型の液晶表示素子に用いることができるが、屈折率異方性が高くネマチック相温度範囲が広く耐光性に優れるため、デスクトップPCやノートPC用LCDと比較して大光量照射下かつ高温な状況で使用される液晶プロジェクタ等の透過型又は反射型の液晶表示素子又はこれらの素子を用いた液晶表示装置に特に有用である。   The nematic liquid crystal composition is useful for TN-LCDs having a twist angle of 0 to 180 °, and active matrix-LCDs including IPS and OCB. The liquid crystal composition can be used for a transmissive, transflective, or reflective liquid crystal display element, but has a high refractive index anisotropy, a wide nematic phase temperature range, and excellent light resistance. It is particularly useful for a transmissive or reflective liquid crystal display element such as a liquid crystal projector or the like used under a high light amount irradiation and at a high temperature as compared with a PC LCD, or a liquid crystal display device using these elements.

本発明のネマチック液晶組成物は、前述の化合物以外に、他のネマチック液晶、スメクチック液晶、コレステリック液晶、ディスコチック液晶又は螺旋を誘起する化合物などを含有していてもよい。   The nematic liquid crystal composition of the present invention may contain other nematic liquid crystal, smectic liquid crystal, cholesteric liquid crystal, discotic liquid crystal, or a compound that induces a spiral in addition to the above-described compounds.

以下、実施例を挙げて本発明を更に詳述するが、本発明はこれらの実施例に限定されるものではない。   EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although an Example is given and this invention is further explained in full detail, this invention is not limited to these Examples.

以下の実施例及び比較例における混合比率を表す「%」は全て「質量%」を表す。
実施例中、測定した特性は以下の通りである。
TNI : ネマチック―等方相転移温度(℃)
T→N : 結晶―、ガラス―、スメクチック―ネマチック相転移温度(℃)
Δn : 25℃における複屈折率
Δε : 25℃における誘電率異方性
Vth : 25℃におけるセル厚6.0μmのTN-LCDを構成したときのしきい値電圧
VHR(電圧保持率) : 80℃におけるセル厚6.0μmのTN-LCDを構成し、このセルに印加時間60μs電圧5Vの矩形波電界を印加したのちの0-200ms間の電圧実効値を印加電圧値で除したもの(%)
ID(イオン密度) : 0℃におけるセル厚6.0μmのTN-LCDを構成し、このセルに周波数0.05Hz、電圧20Vの三角波を繰り返し印加した際に出現する可動イオンに起因するピーク面積より計算される電極単位面積あたりの移動電荷量(pC・cm-2
電圧保持率、イオン密度測定における「初期」とは組成物をブレンドしたそのままの状態の組成物試料を指し、「曝露」とはOriginal Hanau社製光曝露装置を用いて、窒素雰囲気下密閉試験管中の組成物試料を室温で30分間処理した組成物試料を指す。
In the following examples and comparative examples, “%” representing the mixing ratio represents “% by mass”.
In the examples, the measured characteristics are as follows.
T NI : Nematic-isotropic phase transition temperature (℃)
T → N : Crystal-, glass-, smectic-nematic phase transition temperature (℃)
Δn: Birefringence at 25 ° C Δε: Dielectric anisotropy at 25 ° C
V th : Threshold voltage when a TN-LCD with a cell thickness of 6.0μm is constructed at 25 ° C
VHR (Voltage holding ratio): A TN-LCD with a cell thickness of 6.0μm at 80 ° C is constructed, and after applying a rectangular wave electric field with a voltage of 5V for 60μs to this cell, the effective voltage value between 0 and 200ms is applied. Divide by value (%)
ID (Ion density): Calculated from the peak area due to mobile ions that appear when a TN-LCD with a cell thickness of 6.0 μm at 0 ° C is applied and a triangular wave with a frequency of 0.05 Hz and a voltage of 20 V is repeatedly applied to this cell. Amount of mobile charge per electrode unit area (pC · cm -2 )
“Initial” in voltage holding ratio and ion density measurement refers to the composition sample as it is blended, and “exposure” refers to a sealed test tube in a nitrogen atmosphere using a light exposure device manufactured by Original Hanau. The composition sample in which the inside composition sample was processed for 30 minutes at room temperature.

TN-LCD表示素子の作製は以下のようにして行った。対向する平面透明電極上に「AL-1051」(JSR社製)の有機膜を調製し、この有機膜をラビングして配向膜を形成したツイスト角90℃のTN-LCDセルを作製し、このセルに液晶組成物を注入してTN-LCD表示素子を作製した。   The TN-LCD display element was manufactured as follows. An organic film of “AL-1051” (manufactured by JSR) was prepared on the opposing flat transparent electrode, and a TN-LCD cell with a twist angle of 90 ° C. in which the organic film was rubbed to form an alignment film was prepared. A liquid crystal composition was injected into the cell to produce a TN-LCD display element.

以下に実施例に用いた化合物を示す。以後式(I-a)から式(III-b)の記号を以ってその化合物を表すこととする。   The compounds used in the examples are shown below. Hereinafter, the compounds of the formulas (Ia) to (III-b) are represented by the symbols.

Figure 0004807548
Figure 0004807548

Figure 0004807548
Figure 0004807548

(式中、1,4-シクロヘキシレン基はトランス体を表し、炭素数が3以上のアルキル鎖はノルマル体を表す。)
ネマチック液晶組成物実施例1から4を調製し、この組成物の諸特性を測定した結果を表1に示す。
(In the formula, 1,4-cyclohexylene group represents a trans form, and an alkyl chain having 3 or more carbon atoms represents a normal form.)
Table 1 shows the results obtained by preparing nematic liquid crystal composition examples 1 to 4 and measuring various properties of the composition.

Figure 0004807548
Figure 0004807548

表1に示す通り、一般式(I)で表される化合物の含有率が50から80質量%であり、一般式(II)で表される化合物の含有率が10から30質量%であり、一般式(III)で表される化合物の含有率が1から30質量%の液晶組成物である実施例1から4は全て0.17以上という高いΔnを維持しつつ、T→Nが-34℃、-33℃、-46℃と十分低く、光曝露試験後の電圧保持率、イオン密度ともに初期値とほとんど変わらない良好な値を示した。 As shown in Table 1, the content of the compound represented by the general formula (I) is 50 to 80% by mass, the content of the compound represented by the general formula (II) is 10 to 30% by mass, Examples 1 to 4, which are liquid crystal compositions having a content of the compound represented by the general formula (III) of 1 to 30% by mass, all maintain a high Δn of 0.17 or more, while T → N is −34 ° C., The voltage holding ratio and ion density after the light exposure test were both low enough to be -33 ° C and -46 ° C.

Figure 0004807548
Figure 0004807548

表2に示す通り、比較例1、2の場合、一般式(I)で表される化合物の含有量が49質量%と少ないため、ネマチック−等方相転移温度、屈折率異方性、低温でのネマチック相安定性は良好なものの、誘電率異方性が所望の値(15以上)に達していない。比較例3の場合、一般式(II)で表される化合物の含有量が8質量%と少ないため、所望の転移点に達していない。また、比較例4の場合、一般式(III)で表される化合物の含有量が3質量%と少ないために低温での安定なネマチック相が得られないという結果となった。 As shown in Table 2, in the case of Comparative Examples 1 and 2, since the content of the compound represented by the general formula (I) is as small as 49% by mass, nematic-isotropic phase transition temperature, refractive index anisotropy, low temperature Although the nematic phase stability is good, the dielectric anisotropy does not reach the desired value (15 or more). In the case of Comparative Example 3, since the content of the compound represented by the general formula (II) is as small as 8% by mass, the desired transition point is not reached. Further, in the case of Comparative Example 4, since the content of the compound represented by the general formula (III) was as small as 3% by mass, a stable nematic phase at a low temperature could not be obtained.

Figure 0004807548
Figure 0004807548

また、表3に示す通り、比較例5の場合、一般式(I)で表される化合物の含有量が80質量%を超えて85質量%であるため各化合物ごとの含有量が上昇し、その結果低温でのネマチック相が不安定となる結果となった。比較例6の場合も同様に、一般式(II)で表される化合物の含有量が32質量%と多いため、低温でのネマチック相が不安定となる結果となった。また、一般式(III)で表される化合物の含有量が30質量%を超えて32質量%である比較例7の場合、ネマチック−等方相転移温度、屈折率異方性、低温でのネマチック相の安定性は満足するものの誘電率異方性が所望の値に達していない。
Further, as shown in Table 3, in the case of Comparative Example 5, the content of each compound is increased because the content of the compound represented by the general formula (I) exceeds 85% by mass and is 85% by mass, As a result, the nematic phase at low temperature became unstable. Similarly, in the case of Comparative Example 6, since the content of the compound represented by the general formula (II) is as large as 32% by mass, the nematic phase at low temperature becomes unstable. In the case of Comparative Example 7 in which the content of the compound represented by the general formula (III) is more than 30% by mass and 32% by mass, the nematic-isotropic phase transition temperature, the refractive index anisotropy, and the low temperature Although the stability of the nematic phase is satisfactory, the dielectric anisotropy does not reach the desired value.

Claims (6)

一般式(I)で表される化合物を1種又は2種以上含有しその含有率が50から80質量%であり、一般式(II)で表される化合物を1種又は2種以上含有しその含有率が10から30質量%であり、一般式(III)で表される化合物を1種又は2種以上含有しその含有率が5から30質量%であることを特徴とする液晶組成物。
Figure 0004807548
(式中、
R1からR4は、各々独立的に炭素原子数1から10のアルキル基又は炭素原子数2から10のアルケニル基を表し、該アルキル基又は該アルケニル基は非置換基であるか又は置換基として1個又は2個以上の-F、-Cl、-CH3、又は-CF3を有することができ、該アルキル基又は該アルケニル基中に存在する1個又は2個以上の-CH2-基は、O原子が相互に直接結合しないものとして、-O-、-CO-、-COO-又はOCO-により置換されていてもよく、
Z1からZ3は、各々独立的に-CH2CH2-又は単結合を表し、
A1からA3は、各々独立的に1,4-フェニレン基、3-フルオロ-1,4-フェニレン基、3,5-ジフルオロ-1,4-フェニレン基又は1,4-シクロヘキシレン基を表し、
X1からX5は各々独立的に-F又はHを表し、
m1は0又は1を表し、m2は2又は3を表し、該m2により繰り返される単位は同一であってもよく、異なっていてもよく、
Y1は-F、-Cl、-OCF3、-OCF2H、-OCFH2又は-NCSを表し、Y2は-F、-Cl、-OCF3、-OCF2H、-OCFH2、-NCS、炭素原子数1から10のアルキル基又は炭素原子数2から10のアルケニル基を表し、該アルキル基又は該アルケニル基は非置換基であるか又は置換基として1個又は2個以上の-F、-Cl、-CH3、又は-CF3を有することができ、該アルキル基又は該アルケニル基中に存在する1個又は2個以上の-CH2-基は、O原子が相互に直接結合しないものとして、-O-、-CO-、-COO-又はOCO-により置換されていてもよい。)
Contains one or more compounds represented by general formula (I), the content of which is 50 to 80% by mass, and contains one or more compounds represented by general formula (II) A liquid crystal composition having a content of 10 to 30% by mass, containing one or more compounds represented by the general formula (III) and having a content of 5 to 30% by mass .
Figure 0004807548
(Where
R 1 to R 4 each independently represents an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, and the alkyl group or the alkenyl group is an unsubstituted group or a substituent. As one or more than one —F, —Cl, —CH 3 , or —CF 3 , and one or more —CH 2 — present in the alkyl group or the alkenyl group. The group may be substituted by -O-, -CO-, -COO- or OCO-, as O atoms are not directly bonded to each other,
Z 1 to Z 3 each independently represent -CH 2 CH 2 -or a single bond,
A 1 to A 3 each independently represents a 1,4-phenylene group, a 3-fluoro-1,4-phenylene group, a 3,5-difluoro-1,4-phenylene group, or a 1,4-cyclohexylene group . Represent,
X 1 to X 5 each independently represent -F or H;
m 1 represents 0 or 1, m 2 represents 2 or 3, and the unit repeated by m 2 may be the same or different,
Y 1 represents -F, -Cl, -OCF 3 , -OCF 2 H, -OCFH 2 or -NCS, and Y 2 represents -F, -Cl, -OCF 3 , -OCF 2 H, -OCFH 2 ,- NCS represents an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, and the alkyl group or the alkenyl group is unsubstituted or has one or more- Can have F, -Cl, -CH 3 , or -CF 3 , and one or more -CH 2 -groups present in the alkyl group or the alkenyl group have an O atom directly As not bonded, it may be substituted by -O-, -CO-, -COO- or OCO-. )
一般式(I)において、m1が0を表す化合物及びm1が1を表す化合物を含有する請求項1に記載の液晶組成物。 2. The liquid crystal composition according to claim 1, comprising a compound in which m 1 represents 0 and a compound in which m 1 represents 1 in the general formula (I). 一般式(I)においてZ1が単結合を表す化合物を含有する請求項1又は2記載の液晶組成物。 3. The liquid crystal composition according to claim 1, comprising a compound in which Z 1 represents a single bond in the general formula (I). 屈折率異方性(Δn)が0.16以上であり、ネマチック−等方相転移温度(TNI)が100℃以上であり、誘電率異方性(Δε)が15以上である請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載の液晶組成物。 The refractive index anisotropy (Δn) is 0.16 or more, the nematic-isotropic phase transition temperature (T NI ) is 100 ° C or more, and the dielectric anisotropy (Δε) is 15 or more. The liquid crystal composition according to any one of the above. 請求項1から4のいずれか一項に記載の液晶組成物を用いたツイスト角が0°から180°であるツイステッドネマチック液晶表示素子。 5. A twisted nematic liquid crystal display device using the liquid crystal composition according to claim 1 and having a twist angle of 0 ° to 180 °. 請求項5記載の液晶表示素子を用いた液晶表示装置。 6. A liquid crystal display device using the liquid crystal display element according to claim 5.
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